ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FOUR STORY REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 SHANG FENG L. LIU ELVI L. SORRERA REYNALDO O. AQUITANIA ALLAN E. BOTUYAN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION OF DAVAO, INC.ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FOUR STORY REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING USING STAAD PRO AND THE NSCP 2010 Copyright @ 2011, The Structural Engineers Association of Davao, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication or any part thereof must not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the Structural Engineers Association of Davao, Inc. (SEAD). Structural Engineers Association of Davao, Inc. (SEAD) B & L Building, Beside Davao River Bridge Diversion Road, Davao City, 8000 Philippines Telefax No. + (082) 241-2886 E-mail Address _: sead.tech@yahoo.com‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro andthe NSCP 2010 Contents Table of Contents Page MODULE 01: Structure Modeling 1 Shang Feng L. Liu, PICE, SEAD MODULE 02: Application of Primary Loading 16 Elvi L. Sorrera, Civil Engineer, MBA. MODULE 03: Load Combination and Analysis 45 Reynaldo O. Aquitania, MSCE, ASEP, SEAD MODULE 04: —_ Design and Detailing 62 Allan E. Botuyan, MSCE, ASEP, SEAD APPENDICES: 89 Appendix A: Floor Plan and Elevation 90 STAAD Pro Command File 92 Appendix C: STAAD Models 99 THE AUTHORS 101 SPONSORS 104 Teint SEAD-PICE Nos Davao Technical Conerence - i‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building wing STAD Pro andthe NSCP 2010 | Module 01 Structure Modeling MODULE 01: STRUCTURE MODELING . ‘Shang Feng L. Liu, PICE, SEAD ~T¥ koint SEAD FICE Nor Davao Technical Conference ae [aeAnalysis and Design ofF ‘using STAADPro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 01 Modeling ture Story Reinforced Concrete Bu MODULE 01: STRUCTURE MODELING Shang Feng Liu, PICE, SEAD 1. INTRODUCTION Structural design of buildings whether it is a concrete or steel structure must satisfy safety and serviceability criteria. For a structure to be safe, it must have adequate strength and ductility to resist occasional and extreme load such as earthquake or wind load. To ensure structural performance, functionality must be met without causing excessive deflections An accurate prediction of the behavior of a structure subjected to extemal loadings is essential in the design of new structures and analysis of existing structures. In order to perform a structural analysis, the designer must model the structure to a greater or lesser degree of accuracy representing the structure, depending on the complexity and the computational tools at hand. If the modeling and the assumptions applied in the structural analysis are in close agreement with the actual conditions, such analysis can often produce results that are in reasonable agreement with the performance in service. Structural modeling must be done with the clear understanding of the structural load-carrying mechanism which are involved and an appreciation for essential behavior versus unimportant details. In some cases, modeling is relatively routine, while in others, it may require a great deal of skill and experience. This paper will present the modeling of a Four Story Reinforced Concrete office building. It will be modeled in a three dimensional space frame in STAAD Pro software. The structure model requires initial sizing of members such as beams and columns and application of member specifications. The sizing of the members shall be based on the NSCP 2010 and ACI 318-05. Proper modeling of actual structure must be given due importance such that the actual behavior of the structure subjected to various loads must be accurately represented in the analytical model within the STAAD Pro environment, In doing so, the stress results would be reliably used in the design of the members such as columns and beams. A brief discussion on slab modeling using master/slave specification to simulate the diaphragm effect is presented. The use of the command “MEMBER RELEASE” specification in the structure modeling will be effective in the load distribution of the structure such as beams resisting gravity loads only is also discussed. Modeling of foundation components such as footings and tied beams are excluded in this Presentation as this would require a significant time for an in-depth treatment and discussion, 2. MODELING OF STRUCTURE The first step to the structural analysis is to model the structure either in two-dimensional or three- dimensional frame. The determination of the stresses of structural components using a 2-D frame system can be easily achieved by manual computation while a 3-D system needs the use of computer computational tools. However, as previously mentioned, in order to have 1 Toit SEAD-PICE Novth Davao Fecal Conference : zAnalysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bulding using STAAD.Pro and the 2010 | Module 01 - structure Modeling results close to the actual performance, a three dimensional system is best suited to represent the actual model The STAAD Pro Software is capable of modeling complex three dimensional structures or space frame, in which, for this case, is being utilized as a tool in modeling and analyze the structure as shown in the picture below. + Gea venaKre, To analyze the behavior of the structural members such as the relationship between the external load and the intemal stresses and deformation, certain idealization is necessary by converting members to such a form that the analysis of their behavior become possible. These idealizations include mathematical model that represents the type of structural members being assumed and the structural support conditions as illustrated in figure 2.1 ICE North Davao Technical Conttrense“Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Proand the NSCP 2010 | Module 01 Modeling GIRDER: GIRDER REACTION REACTION o Figure 2.1 Idealization (a) joist and girder framing (b) concentrated load on single span ‘To better understand the modeling of members, a brief discussion on the types of structural frame and the degrees of freedom in a line element is presented. Type of structural frames and number of degrees of freedom a. Space frame ~ six (6) degrees of freedom (ux, uy, uz, x, 6y, 02) per node b. Plane frame — three (3) degrees of freedom (ux, uy, 62) per node ©. Trusses — two (2) degrees of freedom (ux, uy) per node ee rio ce * (@) () A degree of freedom (DOF) is defined as a direction where deformation is allowed at a joint or node. All line elements representing beams and columns are connected at joints or nodes, For a line element in a space frame, there are six (6) DOF’s per node: ux, uy, uz, 6x, Oy, 02 Where ux, uy, uz are translations along x, y, and z local axes, respectively and Ox, Oy, 02 are the rotations about x, y, and z local axes, respectively. ~Floint SEAD-PICE Novi Davao Tecaisal Confaence er‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro andthe NSCP 2010] Module 01 ~Structure Modeling ‘A degree of freedom is FREE when it is allowed to translate, say in the x- direction. That ‘means ux is not equal to zero (0) deformation. On the other hand, it is NOT FREE when it is not allowed to translate, that is ux és equal to zero (0) deformation. The same is applied with rotational degrees of freedom. For every line clement there are two (2) nodes: the START NODE and the END NODE. The local x-axis is the connection between the START NODE and the END NODE with the start NODE being the origin of the local axis. For every DOF, there is an equivalent force or moment. Such as ux>Px, uy>Py, uz->Pz, are translations and corresponding forces. Also 0x-Mx, 6y->My, 02-9Mz.are rotations and corresponding moments. Where, Px ~ Axial force at the node Py, Pz. - Shear forces at node Mx - Torsion My,Mz- Bending Moment about y and z axes End node 2 ‘uy2 Start node 1 Type of structural members: a. Axial member — subjected only to tension or compression forces (i.e. brace and struts, concentrically loaded columns) b. Torsional members — subjected to twisting moment o torque ©. Flexural members — members that are subjected to bending moments and shear (i.e, beams, eccentrically loaded column) For this presentation, the structure is modeled as a SPACE FRAME with the beams and columns being idealized as line elements and the supports are modeled as fixed on the office building. While it is true that modeling the real form of a structure is very complicated, Staad Pro software has a way to imitate the actual condition or its idealized form by applying member specifications such, beta angles, member releases, member offset and master/slave specifications 1 Joint SEADYPICE Noni Davao Technical Canfapspge‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Proand the NSCP 2010 | Module 01 - Structure Modeling 3.0 MEMBER SPECIFICATIONS 3.1 Beta angles When assigning member properties to the model, one must be careful to examine the orientation of the section’s principal axis so that the desired position is correctly in-placed. The use of beta angle to change the orientation of the members is illustrated in this section. FIGURES (a. and b.) SHOWS THE DEFAULT ORIENTATION OF MEMBER efit rintation of the member ‘ligne withthe global axis ce solumn orientation nests i (2) Isometric view ofthe structure (©) Plan of column orientation Figure below illustrates corrected orientation of the member Global zaxis —P (2) Isometric view of the column orientation ccarerodovcsaton of the member wing bts angle TF oi SEAD-PICE Novth Davao Tesinial Conferencen of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAADPro and the NSCP 2010 | Module Modeling 3.2 Member Release In STAAD Pro modeling, members are assumed to be rigidly framed into joints in accordance with the structural type specified such as space frame This means that by default, STAAD assumes that the connection between any two members to be fully capable of transmitting all 3 forces and all 3 moments from one member to the other. This type of connection can be illustrated in actual practice such as the concrete beam-column connection that is monolithically cast. Should one desire that the connection to be of the type which does not permit one or more forcesimoments to be transmitted to the other member, MEMBER RELEASE can be used to communicate that information to STAAD program stating the “start” or “end” of the member that has such connection. A good example of members that usually does not permit the transfer of moments to the other member are intermediate beams and hinged connected members. These beams usually are modeled to carry gravity loads only. Figure below illustrates ofthe use of Member Release + Monet sesiing | - connection ten Manber sr, | May iol eo mona | a= bo [Ne 1 a As explained earlier, the node in a member of the moment resisting frame has six degrees of freedom and is represented by three forces, Fx, Fy, Fz and three moments Mx, My, Mz. Take note that the degrees of freedom Fx through Mz that can be release are based on the local axis of the member at whose end the released is specified. Use of partial release of the moment can simulate semi- tigid connection and can also prevent joint instability. Only the moment degrees of freedom can be partially released. 1 foint SEAD-PICE Nik Davao Todhnical Conference ~ - ae‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010] Module 01 ~Structure Modeling 3.2 Member Offset When creating a model consisting of beams and columns, generally, the START or END face of the member is assumed to be located at the nodal point. In other words, the distance from the respective node to the START or END face of the member is treated as zero. Thus, for example, if nodes 11 and 12 are connected by MEMBER 1, then, the start face of the member is located at node 11, and the end face at node 12. tot , cH ae Node 1 Without Offsets This assumption may not always reflect the true physical condition on the structure. For example, when a beam meets a column, the common node between the beam and column is usually defined as being at the shear center (centerline for symmetrically shaped) of the column. Common Node Common Node ht inches 13 inches. 1 Taint SEAD ICE North Davao Tosinical Cattrence — — — r‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Proand the NSCP 2010 | Module 01 -Structure Modeling But, physically, the start face of the beam is not at that node, but at half the column depth away from the node. One may choose to ignore this "shift" if the column depth is negligible in comparison to the span of the beam However, if one wishes to take advantage of the high stiffness that the half- depth region of the column offers, then using the member offset command may be considered. The member offset is a way of declaring that the region, whose length is defined by the offset, is a rigid zone. Effective span 17 in 13 in. Otset With Offsets The member end forces that STAAD reports are at the face of the member, not at the node, when an offset is specified, If the offset is applied at the base of a column, then the member end force may not be equal in magnitude to the corresponding support reaction terms. If one is interested in checking static equilibrium based on the free body diagram at that support, the member end forces must be transferred from the member face to the support node taking into consideration the rigid link defined by the offset. 4, MASTER/SLAVE SPECIFICATION Concrete slabs in a building behave rigidly along the plane of the slab in every story. It means that the beams are restrained against axial deformation as well as lateral bending because of the in-plane restraints provided by the slab connected to the beams. Thus, the relative positions of the beams connected at the joint will not change. Any point located within the slab will remain its relative position to other points within the same plane. To attain the diaphragm effect of the floor, it is imperative to employ the “MASTER/SLAVE” specification. Since the floor is oriented in the 7-X plane, the specification SLAVE ZX command shall be used. This specification is equivalent to stating that the degrees-of-freedom (DOF’s) ux, uz, and @y in the joints, within the same slab level, are restrained (i.e. NOT FREE) relative to a joint, called the MASTER NODE, in the same floor or slab level. Restraining these degrees of freedom would mean that member TV Teint SEADSPICE Now Davao Teall Cotteace oo cr 7Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforoed Concrete Bulldng using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module Modeling deformations are also not allowed in these nodes. Therefore, there will be no member stresses at the nodes equivalent to Fx, Fz, and My stresses. At every floor level there is one MASTER NODE linking all other nodes as SLAVE NODES, Since the relative position of all connecting beams at the node within the floor level, the MASTER NODE can be arbitrarily selected and the other nodes are selected as SLAVES. The importance of MASTER SLAVE specification should be emphasized in the modeling of building structures for the following reasons: 1. The lateral forces will be properly distributed to the columns according to their stiffness. 2. In actual buildings, beams and girders integrated with the slab do not experience lateral bending and axial deformations. Therefore the model is realistic. 3. Not using the MASTER SLAVE specification will underestimate the moments in the columns. Figure showing effects of MASTER/SLAVE specifications Should the designer choose to model the slabs as plate elements, the model cannot guarantee a rigid floor diaphragm without using the MASTER SLAVE specification. It will contribute certain in-plane rigidity, but not a fully-rigid floor diaphragm because the plate element is a thin plate element allowing out-of-plane as well as in-plane deformation. Furthermore, caution must be exercised in using plate as a floor due to its load transfer ‘mechanism of the plate. Because plate is a 3 or 4-noded element, the connection between the beam and the plates must be carefully establish. In STAAD program, the mechanism of the oad transfer is through the nodes, hence, if the plate is not properly dissected or discretized into small plate elements and is properly connected to the beam, the load from the plate cannot transfer to the beam.Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced nerete ding using STAAD.Pro and the NScP 2010 | Module 01 Modeling (2) 4-noded plate element used to represent slab (b) Discretized plate element for proper load ‘transfer from slab to beam GRAPHICAL ILLUSTRATION OF PLATES ELEMENTS 5. SUPPORTS Supports are specified as PINNED, FIXED, or FIXED with different releases (known as FIXED BUT). A PINNED support has restraints against all translational movement and none against rotational movement. In other words, a PINNED support will have reactions for all forces but will resist no moments. A FIXED support has restraints against all directions of movement. In this paper, since much emphasis is given to the design and analysis of the super structure, the supports are modeled as FIXED supports. Kx M0 K semesyis not 0 Qe ny a.Pinned support _b. Fixed support ¢. Roller support 7. MEMBER SIZES The STAAD Pro Software accommodates any size assigned to members without validation with respect to any code. One must be responsible to establish reasonable member sizes according to the governing CODE requirements. Member sizing for concrete structures is very straight forward compare to steel structure which maybe a little complicated. The member sizes for reinforced concrete structures are usually dictated by its deflection and the minimum space requirement for the concrete aggregates. “Point SEAD-PICE Noth Davao Technical Confersof Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module o1 Modeling Initial member sizing is a starting point to modeling the sizes of the beam and column elements and this serves as initial input for analysis. Note that design is an iterative process: and along the process, sections may change in the next iteration. Below are some of the common rules used in the practice that set the preliminary sizing of the member that help minimize iteration in the design process. The modeler may follow the NSCP Code suggestions. 6.1 INITIAL MEMBER SIZES FROM NSCP/ACI-318 The National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) 2010, recommends minimum member sizes. For beams and girders, Table 409-1 of section 409.6 suggests the following minimum depths of members as shown below. Minimum thickness, ‘Simply | One end | Both end Supported _| continuous continuous Cantilever Members not supporting or attached to partitions or other construction | Member likely to be damaged by large deflections Solid one | way slab 1/20 am ws | ao Beams or ribbed one | | way slabs | 1/16 1/18.5 3/2 eiemee| NSCP Table 409-1-Minimum Thickness of Non-prestressed Beams or One-Way Slabs Unless Deflections are computed As a guide, STAAD Pro Software does not include proportioning of members based ‘on seismic provision as required by the ACI Code thus the designer may refer to the following requirements: Flexural members shall satisfy the following: (ACI Code Section 21.3.1.1, 2006 Ed; NSCP Code Section 421.5.1.1 to 4) Clear span /n> 4 x effective depth, d The flexural member width-to-depth ratio, b/d > 0.3 Flexural member width b > 250mm (10”) Flexural member width, bs of the supporting member plus distances on each side of the supporting member not exceeding % of the depth of the flexural member, Bene Members subjected to Bending and Axial Load (Columns) (NSCP Code Section 421.6.41.1) 1. The shortest cross-sectional dimension, measured on a straight line passing through the geometric centroid, shall not be less than 300mm. Joint SEAD-PICE Noth Davao Technical Conference‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Cancrete Building using STAAD. thenscP 2010 | Module Modeling 2. The ratio of the shortest cross-sectional dimension to the perpendicular dimension shall not be less than 0.4. For this presentation, the initial sizes of the members are shown in the table below: = Member Deseription ___| Member Size (in mm) Interior Columns: Ground floor to third floor level 400 x 400 Third floor to roof deck level 350 x 350 Comer Columns Ground floor to third floor level 300 x 500 | _____ Third floor to roof deck level 300 x 450 | Girders Longitudinal (x direction) 300 x 450 _Transverse (z direction) 300 x 400 Intermediate Beams ~_ 250 x 400 Stair beams 250 x 350 8. FINAL MEMBER SIZES Since the design is an iteration process, the preliminary sizes used for analysis and design need not necessarily be the final sizes. The final size shall satisfy the design requirements as required by the Code such as strength and deflection requirements. Almost often the preliminary sizes require adjustments until it satisfies all the design requirements. The ‘number of iteration is dependent on the convergence of the last and the preceding iteration. 9. BASIC Steps of Modeling in STAADPRO 1. Select the TYPE of structure to work on a. SPACE b. PLANE c. TRUSS d. FLOOR 2. Input the LENGTH and FORCE UNITS 3. Create the GEOMETRY a. Joint Coordinates - Node points b. Member Incidences - Beams/Columns c. Element Incidences - Slabs/retaining walls Four Options ~ Parametric Geometry Generations - Input the coordinates - Import Structure from Cad Software - Import Existing Structure - Use the command "Run Structure Wizard" 4. Assign SECTION PROPERTIES 1 Tonk SEADSPICE Nast Davao Teshaical ContesAnalysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bulding using STAADSPro and the NscP 2010 | Module Modeling a. Concrete Section - Prismatio(e.g. Rectangular, Circular, Trapezoidal, etc.) b. Steel Section - Built-in Steel Section Properties: ¢.¢., Tube, Wide Flange, Angles, ete. 5. Assign MATERIAL CONSTANTS a. Density - Concrete, D = 23.60 KN/cu.m. b. Modulus of Elasticity - Concrete, E= 4730xfe! c. Poison's Ratio 4. Alphanumeric 6. Assign SUPPORTS a. Pinned b. Fixed c. Fixed but can be roller, with springs, ete. d. Inclined 7. Assign MEMBER SPECIFICATIONS a. Beta Angles b. Member Release c. Master/Slave Specifications After properly modeling the structure, it is now ready to be assigned with Primary Loadings and Load Combinations. This shall be discussed thoroughly in the next module. 9. CONCLUSIONS Itis very important that in modeling a building structure, the analytical model should be as close as possible to the behavior of the actual structure. In doing so, the analysis and design output is more reliable and will make the designer more confident. The modeling can be efficiently done using the STAAD Pro software, however the designer has the ultimate esponsibility in properly modeling the structure. This is only possible when sound and good understanding of structural engineering principle is properly applied. 1 int SEADSPICE Nor Davo Tecnica Contereice is‘Analysis and Design of Pour Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module Modeling 10, REFERENCES Structural Engineering Handbook, 3 edition, Gaylord and Gaylord Structural Steel Designers Handbook, 3" edition, Roger L. Brockenbrough and Federick S. Merritt National Structural Code of the Philippines, Volume 1; Buildings, Towers and Other Vertical Structures (C101-10), 6th Edition. Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP), Manila, 2010. ACI Manual of Concrete Practice 2006, ACI318-05: Building Code Requirement for Structural Concrete and Commentary. American Concrete Institute (ACI Committee 318), Farmington Hills, MI, USA, 2006. Technical Reference manual, STAD Pro 2005, Research engineers International, Bentley Solutions Center (2005) Bentley Communities, Structural Anaysis and Design, Internet Resources http://communities bently.com/ 1 Toint SEAD-PICE Neth Davao Tena Conse 7 is‘Analysis and Design of Four Stary Reinforced Concrete Bulldng using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 " [ Module 02~ Primary Loading MODULE 02: APPLICATION OF PRIMARY LOADS ELVIL. SORRERA, Civil Engineer, MBA ~Y Sein SEAD-FICE Nov Devas Technical Confrence‘Analysis and Design of Pour Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAADProand the NSCP 2010 | Module La MODULE 02: APPLICATION OF PRIMARY LOADS. Elvi L. Sorrera, Civil Engineer, MBA 1, INTRODUCTION After the structure has been geometrically modeled in previous module, this will be subjected to gravity loads (i.¢, dead load and live load), wind load and seismic load as well as load combinations. As an in-depth study of these loadings, this module is dedicated to the determination and application of forces into the structure based on Section 204 for Dead Load, Section 205 for Live Load, Section 207 for Wind Load and Section 208 for Seismic Load of the National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP 2010) as the governing code of the country. Wind load, on the other hand, will be not be included in this discussion for its stress effect is not critical in low to medium tise reinforced concrete structure but rather on light-frame structure such as steel. This is due to the fact that reinforced concrete structure, which is heavier by nature, is more critical on earthquake event since seismic loading is generated by the weight of the structure itself. Discussion on the mode of load transfer on the structural members from the slab to the beams and columns is presented in this paper. As commonly encountered by design practicing engineers, the use of STAAD Pro facility is shown on various application: Self-weight of the structure, Concentrated loading in the structural element. Member loading of walls, roof dead weight, roof live load and wind load. Floor loading of the office dead and live load by the use of one-way load or two-way load approach. €. Plate loading if this is necessary in the modeling. aege 2. OBJECTIVE OF THIS PAPER The primary objective of this paper is to establish a common and basic understanding of applying gravity and seismic loads to the structure. The application of these loads shall be modeled in such a way that the modes of load transfer from the slabs to the beams and columns are representative of the actual load behavior. Different slab load models shall be compared with each other to determine what is more appropriate in representing a more accurate load transfers, In this way the designer will have a better understanding in what load ‘model to be applied to specific slab and wall configurations, 3. GRAVITY LOADS Gravity loads basically consists of dead load and live load. These are the loads that act downward (in STAAD Pro model, this is global Y axis). Hence, gravity loads when applied to the beams, floor, and or plate elements, it must be preceded by a negative sign.‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Conerete Building using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 02 - Primary Loading 3.1 DEAD LOAD Section 204 of the NSCP discusses the minimum loads of the structure that must be designed to carry. Some of the common dead loads applied to the modeled structure is based on Table 204-2 as shown below: DEAD LOADS Beam/Column Selfweight 23.6 KN/m’_| Reinforced Concrete Slab (100mm thick) 2.36 kPa - Floor Finish (40mm thick) 0.94 kPa” CHB Walls (2 faces plastered) _150mm CHB Exterior Walls _|3.30kPa_| Table 204-2 100mm CHB Interior Walls 2.44 kPa : Movable Partition - 0.50 kPa | For seismic loading _ 1.00 kPa | For gravity loading Ceiling (Suspended Channel + Acoustic Board | 0.15 kPa | Table 204-2 EE/ME/Plumbing Utilities 0.10 kPa | ‘Summary of Dead Loads on Typical Floor Beam/Column Selfweight 23.6 kNim® | Total Floor Slab Load w/ ceiling & utilities | 4.05 kPa_| On floor area | Loading from ext. walls (3.30 kPax 3m) | 9.90 kN/m_| On beams supp. walls Loading fom int. walls (2.44 kPa x im) "| 7.32 kNim | On beams supp. walls] Beam/Column Selfweight 3.6 kN/m* | Reinforced Concrete Slab (100mm thick) 2.36 kPa Floor Finish (40mm thick) 0.94 kPa CHB Walls (2 faces plastered) - “| ___100mm CHB Exterior Walls _ 2.44 kPa Ceiling (Suspended Channel + Acoustic Board | 0.15kPa_ | Table 2042 [_ZEE/ME/Plumbing Utilities 0.10 kPa Summary of Dead Loads on Roof Deck ‘Beam/Column Selfweight 23.6 kNiaw ‘Total Floor Slab Load w/ ceiling & utilities | 3.55 kPa | On floor area | Loading from ext, walls (2.44 kPa x Im) 2.44 kN/m_| On beams supp. walls 3.2 LIVE LOAD On the other hand, Section 205 of the NSCP discusses the minimum live load of the structure that must be designed to carry, such as uniform and concentrated live loads. Table 205-1 shows the complete list of minimum live loads such as; ~TSoint SEAD-PICE Nath Davao Technical Coafeease as a‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Modile 02 - Primary Loading LIVE LOADS: “Office __ : i On floor area ‘Commercial Assembly - ‘On floor area Residential/Dormitory [2.04 kPa_|On floor area In this presentation the structure is categorized as an office building with 2.40kPa uniform live load is used in the analysis, 4.0 SEISMIC LOAD The vibratory ground motions caused by an earthquake event can have damaging effects on structure and can even lead to collapse. It is extremely important to consider seismic effect in the design of the buildings in the Philippines because of the fact that the country generally falls on a high seismic-risk zone. NSCP 2010 Section 208 provides a general procedure in dealing with seismic load which is patterned from the Uniform Building Code. The structure limitations and design is bounded by seismic zoning, field characteristics, occupancy and structural configuration. Dealing with seismic load application requires two steps to follow; 1. Determination of Seismic forces. 2. Use these forces in the analysis and design in combination with the gravity loads This module will focus on the determination of seismic forces as the basic approach while analysis and design in combination with gravity loads will be discussed further in the succeeding modules. As a first step in the seismic load application, determination of seismic forces has three (3) general approaches to choose from; 1. Simplified Static Force Procedure, This procedure, as set forth in Section 208.5.2.3, can be used with of Occupancy Category IV and V. a. Buildings of any occupancy (including single-family dwellings) but not more than three (3) storeys in height excluding basement and use light-frame construction. b. Other building not more than two (2) storeys in height excluding basement. 2. Static Lateral Force Procedure. This procedure, as set forth in Section 208.5, can be used for the following structures. a. All structure with Occupancy Category IV and V in seismic zone 2. b. Regular structures under 75 meters in height (approximately 25 storeys) except those structures on soil condition vulnerable to potential failure such as 1 Font SEAD-PICE Nowth Davao Teahnal Conleenas : > Tr)Analysis and Design of Pour Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and th 2010 | Module o2 Loading liquefiable soils, quick and highly sensitive clays and collapsible weakly cemented soils. c. Irregular structures not more than five (5) storeys or 20 meters high 4. Structures with flexible upper portion supported rigidly on its lowest portion. 3. Dynamic force procedure. This procedure, as set forth in Section 208.6, can be used for the following structures, Structures with 75 meters (approximately 25 storeys) or more in height. Structures having stiff and weight or geometrically vertical irregularity. Structures over five (5) storeys or 20 meters high in Seismic Zone 4, Structures located on soft or liquefiable soils. pose Among the three procedures presented, Simplified Static Force procedure is not included in the STAAD Pro facility because of its simplicity. Only the Static Force procedure and the Dynamic Force procedure are available in STAAD Pro facility. Since the criteria for the Static Lateral Force Procedure is applicable to the sample model then the dynamic force procedure may not be applied. 4.1 SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION Earthquake, by definition from Wikipedia, is the result of a sudden release of energy in the earth's crust that creates seismic waves which is translated into the so called “Seismic Force”. This force when applied to the structure is called “Seismic Load” and this is expressed mathematically by the equation; E=pEn+Ey Where:p «reliability factor Ey = lateral or horizontal seismic force component due to Base Shear (V) Ey __ - vertical seismic force component 4.11 RELIABILITY FACTOR, For multiple lateral loadings in the structure, a degree of redundancy shall be provided in the system. Consider one element of the structure will start to yield; relatively the system will also experience re-distribution of load to the remaining elements. In order to control excessive displacement of the structure and to prevent the formation of collapse mechanism; reliability factor should be introduced to improve seismic performance of the building by making it as redundant as possible. Section 208.5.1.1 of the NSCP 2010 expressed the Teliability factor by this equation; 0 =2-[6.1/ tmx (As)""| for SMRF “Toit SEAD-PICE Nerik Davao Technical Conleenes ~ — 30°‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro andthe NSCP 2010 | Module Loading Where: tex = maximum of the sum of shear in any two adjacent columns divided by the total shear in that storey for SMRF. This is only for the lower 2/3 of building height or storey <1.25 maximum limit for SMRF > 1.00 minimum limit for all structures As = ground floor area of the building in sq.m. For moment resisting frame, frax is the maximum of the summation of the shears in any two adjacent columns of a bay in the frame divided by the total shear in the storey. To show the calculation of reliability factor, rmax shall be determined from the generated STAAD facility analysis using the given procedure. 1. Determine how many storeys shall be included in the calculation of the reliability factor. Height considered = 2/3 of total building height 2/3 (15 meters) = 10 meters From the model with a total height of 15 meters and an average storey height of 3 meters, the ten (10) meters from the ground falls on the 3" floor. Therefore, all tnx from first to third floor shall be accounted but choose only the highest value. 2. Calculate total shear Vii in each floor for x and z direction. Vioat OF X™ floor = Viti + Wx oo. cesses ct W%q 3. Determine the maximum of the sum of shear in any two adjacent columns divided by the total shear in that storey. * When maximum column shear of the storey “x”, happens to be the exterior column, the sum of the shear of two adjacent columns shall be calculated by this equation; Vx" hoor = Vmax + 0.70V X05} * When maximum column shear of the storey “x”, happens to be the interior column, the sum of the shear of two adjacent columns shall be calculated by this equation; Vx" oor = 0.70VXmux + 0.70 VX 1" SEAD PICE Noh Davao T Canteens acmesndthe nscP2010 | Module 0 Loading ‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bulldng using STAD. a 4. Calculate trax in each storey by the maximum Vx" goo, against the total storey shear; Trax = VX" oor! VXiaat 5. Summarizing alll the tax in each storey, choose the highest Trax of all and adopt this value to calculate the reliability factor (p) of the structure. To appreciate the discussion, the four storey sample building has been subjected to gravity and seismic loadings; let us calculate the maximum reliability factor of the system. 1. Open STAAD model with generated load already in the structure and operate the following functions; Step 1: OPEN STAAD FILE Step 2: ANALYZE, RUN ANALYSIS. Step 3: Make sure ACTIVE LOAD page is set to desired seismic loading and direction. Step 4: Click POST PROCESSING, RESULT, VIEW VALUE, BEAM RESULT, MAXIMUM, SHEAR, ANNOTATE, OK, CLOSE. Step 5: Click local SHEAR Y FORCE Step 6: Click FRONT VIEW +Z Step 7: Click-Hold mouse and Drag to target column storey. Notice that the column will tum to bold red. Step 8: Click CUT SECTION, SELECT TO VIEW, VIEW HIGHLIGHTED ONL and then OK Step 9: Click ISOMETRIC VIEW to view the shear column of the whole floor as shown. 1" Floor FLOORI-SEISMICX-SHEARX. Applying seismic lateral force in x-direction, shear values are generated in the x-direction of the first floor as shown; 218.547KN 1 foint SEAD-PICE Noh Davao Tecuial Conferenae %Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bul the nscP 2010 | Module 02 - rims Loading a. V1" gut = 3,563.575 KN (it is the sum of all shear in the first storey columns in the shear x-direction). b. VI" nex = 215.547 KN (this column becomes interior column when considering shear x-direction). ¢. Adjacent column shears are 208.751 KN and 187.055 KN. Therefore select 208.751 KN, d. Therefore; Tax = (0.70(V1%max) + 0.70(V1"ad))} / V1"total (0.70(215.547) + 0.70(208.751)] / 3,563.75 0.083, FLOORI-SEISMICX-SHEARZ. Applying seismic lateral force in x-direction, shear values are generated in the z-direction of the first floor as shown; l.. foe Leer qty" a, VI" gu = 164.482 KN (it is the sum of all shear in the first storey columns in the shear z-direction). b. VI" pax =17.956 KN (this column becomes interior column when considering shear at z-direction). ¢. Adjacent column shear is 15.280 KN and 15.550 KN. Therefore select 15.550 kN, d. Therefore; Tmax = [0.70(Vmax) + 0,70(Vadj)] / Vtotal 0.70(17.956) + 0.70(15.550)] / 164.482 1143, FLOORI-SEISMICZ-SHEARX. Applying seismic lateral force in z-direction, shear values are generated in the x-direction of the first floor as shown; ~TTeint SEAD-PICE Nor Davo Techical Conzence on‘Analysis and Design of Four tory Reinforced Concrete Bullding using STAAD. 2010 | Module 02 - Prim $I) chap sn a 4, Visat = 213,902 KN (it is the sum of all shear in the first storey columns in the shear x-direction). b. Vinex = 19.646 KN (this column becomes interior column when considering shear x-direction). ©. Adjacent column shear is 19.357 KN and 16.976 kN. Therefore select 19.357 (0.70( Vmax) + 0,70(Vadi)] / Vtotal (0.70(19.646) + 0.70(19.357)] / 213.902 128 Tmax FLOORI-SEISMICZ-SHEARZ. Applying seismic lateral force in z-direction, shear values are generated in the z-direction of the first floor as shown; Tint SEAD-PICE North Davao Technical Conference 24wscP 2010 | Module 02 Lu ‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and a. Viout = 3,563.575 KN (it is the sum of all shear in the first storey columns in the shear z-direction), b. Venex =206.268 KN (this column becomes interior column when considering shear z-direction) ¢, Adjacent column shear is 206.086 KN and 171.902 kN. Therefore select 206.086 KN. d. Therefore; [0.70(Vmax) + 0.70(Vadj)] / Vtotal = [0.70(206.268) + 0.70(206.086)] / 3,563.575 0.081 Follow the same approach in getting the rmax of 2" floor and 3" floor and tabulate results to get the highest of all the rmax Which, will be used in the calculation of reliability factor, p Direction | ‘Shear Values, kN Floor Scismic Vadj | Viloor a x x 215.547 | 208.751 | 297.001 | 3,563.575 [x Zz 17.956 | 15.550 | 23.454] 164.482 | 0.143 _| z x 19.646 | 19.357 | 27302 [213.902 | 0.128 _| : z z 206.268 | 206.086 | 288.648 | 3,563.575 | 0.081 _| a x x__ | 220.726 | 201.681 | 295.685 [3,171,166 | 0.093 x z | 20.041| 13.618| 23.561] 145.975 | 0.161 z x 19.769 | 17.061 [25.781 | 196.948 | 0.131 [— z z 221.355 | 219.691 | 308.732 | 3,162.264 | 0.098, ci x x__| 157.473 |" 148.508 | 214.187 |2,428.296 | 0.088 [x z 13,952 [10.714 | 17.266 | 118392 | 0.146 z | x 19.070 | 15.386 | 24.119 | 147.038 0.164 z z 161.681 [160.872 | 225.787 | 2,428.294 | 0.093 Highest Fas = 0.164 Choose the highest rmas {0 be used in the calculation, this case rimax = 0.164 (from seismic x with shear value at z-direction of 2" floor). Substituting to the equation; = [6.1 / Pax VAB, =[6.1/(0.164x ¥486) } = 0312 Since p is less than 1.00 therefore use p = 1.00 as the minimum limit of SMRF, it shows that there is no need to add more bays at short direction. 1 Saint SEAD-PICE Neth Davao Techni Conference - - 5 35‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAL 4.12 DETERMINATION OF LATERAL SEISMIC LOAD COMPONENT, Ey, The determination of seismic forces using the Static Lateral Force procedure requires the calculation of horizontal shear at the base of the structure which will generate lateral forces over the height of the structure. The base shear is the product of seismic response coefficient Cs and the total weight of the structure. This base shear is also known as the lateral seismic load is expressed by the equation. =[Cyl/RT]W V total base shear in kN cy ~ seismic coefficient factor from table 208-2 and table 208-8 T= seismic importance factor from table 208-1 R ~ global ductility factor from table 208-11 T elastic period of vibration, seconds Ww - total seismic dead load, KN Limits, Vase = [2.5CU/R] W Vain = 0.11C,IW for general area i.e, zone 2 for the Philippines Vein = [0.80 ZNI/R] W for seismic zone 4 Fundamental Period, T Each structure has a unique natural or fundamental period of vibration which is the time required for one cycle of free vibration. The factors in determining the fundamental period include the stiffness and heights of the structure, and the fundamental period may vary from 0.1 seconds for a single-storey building to several seconds for a multi-storey building, T = Gtiy ‘yy, = height in meter of the roof above the base, not including the height of penthouse or parapets. C; = 0.0853 for steel moment-resisting frames = 0.0731 for reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames = 0,0488 for all other buildings. T = (0.0731) (15) = 0,56 second The form of this expression indicates that the natural period increases as the height of the structure increases and is greater for steel frames than for concrete frames. “Tein SEAD FICE North Davao Teal Conferense ; %6‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bullding using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 02 - Primary Loading Seismic Dead Load, W The seismic dead load W as specified in NSCP Section 208.5.1, is the total dead load of the structure and that part of the service load which may be expected to be attached to the building, and is expressed by this equation: W = (Total Dead Load of the Structure, DL.) + (25% of Floor Live Load only for Storage and Warehouse) + (0,50kN/m2 allowance for movable partition) + (Total weight of permanent equipment and fittings). Roof and floor live loads, except as noted above, are not included in the value of W’as they are considered negligible by comparison with the dead loads. In designing floor members for gravity loads, the loading intensity specified in the NSCP Section 204.3 for movable Partitions is /.0 kN/m’, This value allows for local concentration of the partitions, while the overall average value of 0.50 kN/m? is adopted for seismic loads. For permanent walls which are constructed from heavier materials, the actual weight of the walls shall be used. 4.13 DETERMINATION OF VERTICAL SEISMIC LOAD COMPONENT, Ey The following requirements apply in Seismic Zone 4 only. The vertical effect of seismic force is expressed by the equation Ey =0.50C,1D where: C, _ - seismic coefficient factor from table 208-2 and 208-7 I «seismic importance factor from table 208-1 D = total dead load in kN when used with Strength Design method ~ By is zero in value when used with ASD method Finally, E = pE), + Ey shall be used in the load combination for the analysis of the structure which will be discussed in the next module, E=pEy+ Ey Where: E,= =[Cvl/RT] W. = [(0.641) /(8.50.56)])W =0.134W Pp =2-[6.1/ tm VAB] ~[6.1/0.161 x V486 ] 381 therefore use 1.00 30. CID .50 (0.441) 220D D=DL 1 Tint SEAD-PICE Newth Davao Technical Coateoase‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bullding using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 02 Primary Leading E=0.134W + 0.220DL 4.14 MANUAL CALCULATION OF SEISMIC LOAD To manually demonstrate seismic effect calculation assuming that STAAD PRO facility is not available, the following equation, code limitation and table will show the distribution of these forces into the structures. A. Lateral distribution of Horizontal Seismic Forces: ‘The distribution of base shear V over the height of the building is obtained as follows: Vo = R+tlk Where: F = additional force added at the top of the structure = 007TV < 0.25V = zero if T <0.70 secs with i= 1 to level n Ro = (V-F)wyhy/ (wh) NSCP 208-15 level where force will be calculated to level n To show the lateral distribution of seismic forces in our sample building, please refer to the tabulation below for reference. Horizontal Seismic Load Distribution F(V-R)Wehx/ | Number of | Average* Pies | SEEN) | Be Gombe) | Wake [Wihi, kn Columns _| Fh per col. Deck | 408.65 15.00 | 6,129.75 141.52. 6.00 23.59 4 465.85 9.00 | 4,192.65 96.80 6.00 16.13 3" 465.85 6.00 | _2,795.10 64.53 _| 6.00 10.76 2a | 465.85 3.00 32.26 6.00 5.38 Ground | 317.45 : : 6.00 a Total | 2,123.65 | 14,515.05 335.11 ote: * ~ As an approximation, the total Fx in every level will be distributed equally on the node of cach columns if these are equally spaced and loaded in the structure, However, the exterior | “Yuin SEAD-PICE North Davao Tecinoal Conference ~ — Sears)‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bullding using STAAD.Proand the NSCP 2010 | Module 02 Loading columns will only receive half of that average load. * = If average Fh per column is not applicable, it is suggested to use the appropriate load distribution by calculating exactly the tributary weights of each columns in that level divided ‘by the Wx of that level to get the percentage of Fx for that column. To show the vertical distribution of seismic forces in our sample building, please refer to the tabulation below for reference. [ Vertical Seismic Load Distribution = | Floor Area | Fy=0.50CalW, "| Number of | Average™ See ee ee aia) a Columns _} By: pe al. Deck | 408,65 15,00 125.86 6.00 20.98 4° | 465.85, 9.00 i 143.48 6.00 231 | 3" 465.85 6.00 _ 143.48, 6.00 2.91 | 2 46585 [3.00 143.48, 6.00 2391 | Ground | 317.45 : 7 | 6.00 16.30 Total | 2,123.65 _| [ l ote: * ~ As an approximation, the total Fy in every level will be distributed equally on the node of each columns if these are equally spaced and londed in the structure. However, the exterior columns will only receive half of that average load. * = If average Fv per column is not applicable, it is suggested to use the appropriate load 1 Joint SEAD-PICE North Davao Technical Conference — . 29,‘Analysis and Design of Four Stor Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 02- Primary Loading | distribution by calculating exactly the tributary weights of each columns in that level a |___ by the We of that level to get the percentage of Fy for that column. 4.15 VARIOUS FACTORS AFFECTING SEISMIC LOAD CALCULATION A. Seismic Zone Factor, Z ‘The seismic zone factor Z, given in NSCP Table 208-3, is the Code estimate of the applicable site dependent effective peak ground acceleration expressed as a function of the gravity constant (Williams, 1997). The values of Z range from 0.075 to 0.40 corresponding to various zones per UBC seismic zone map of the U.S., but the Philippines is divided only into two seismic zones as indicated in NSCP Figure 208-1. The zone factor is used, in conjunction with the soil profile type, to determine the appropriate ground response coefficients C, and C, given in NSCP Tables 208-7 and 208-8, ‘fia SEAD PICE Noa Bava Tecal Conteence - > 30— = 7 - ~ = Tagum City, Davao del Norte ‘Tagum is a first class city in the 1* congressional district of Davao del Norte. it has 256,068 people with approximately 43,193 household as of 2010. ‘The city, same with other places other than Palawan ‘and Sulu, falis on seismic zone no.4 which means could expect a lot more experience of seismic effect. Last 15” of January 2010, A magnitude of 5.3 earthquake struck ‘Tagum City in Davao del Norte on friday moming. The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs) ‘said the earthquake struck 32 kilometers Southeast of Tagum City at 8:07 a.m, Phivoles said the earthquake, which was tectonic in oFigin, was felt at Intensity 4 in Davao City, Intensity 3 in ‘Tagum City, and President Roxas in North Cotabato, and Intensity 2 in Matalam and Makilala towns in North Cotabato, Kidapawan City and General Santos City l Zz B. Soil Profile Types, 54 to Sr The ground vibration caused by an earthquake tends to be greater on soft soil than on hard soil or rock. As the vibration propagates through the material underlying the structure, it may bbe either amplified or attenuated depending on the fundamental period of the material. To account for this potential amplification, six different soil types are identified in the code ranging from hard rock to soft soil. The classification may be made by determining on site the average shear wave velocity in the top 30 meters of material. Alternatively, for soil Profile Types C, D, or E, the classification may be made by measuring the standard Penetration resistance or undrained shear strength of the material. Soil profile type Sp is described as rock and is that material in which the ground response coefficients C, and C, are identical to the effective peak acceleration value Z. Soil profile type Sy is described as hard Tock and has the effect of reducing the ground response coefficients by 20 percent. Soil Profile type Se is described as soft soil and has the effect of increasing the velocity-based ground response coefficient C, by up to 230 percent. For soil profile type Sp, which is described as sensitive clay or peat vulnerable to potential failure, a site-specific hazard evaluation is required to determine the ground response coefficients. When soil parameters are unknown, in accordance with NSCP Section 208.4.3, soil profile type Sp may be assumed unless it is determined that soil profile types Sp or Sv may be present at the site. NSCP Table 208-2 lists the soil profile types ~TTeiat SEAD-PICE North Davao Tecaszal Conference‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro and the NSCP 2010] Module 02 Primary Loading Table 208-2. Soil Profile Shear Wave SPT, N Under-drain { Velocity, Vs No. of Blows | Shear Strength | 7 (m/s) per 300mm | _(kPa) } [Sa Hard Rock > 1,500 s a | Sp Rock 760 to 1,500 _- 5 Sc Very Dense Soil | 360 to 760 S00 >100__ and Soft Rock | — = Stiff Soil [18010360 [1510 50. 50t0100__| Soft Soil [|< 180 <15 50 Sr Soil requiring site-specific evaluation, See section 2084, Soil profile type SE also includes any s defined as a soil with plasticity index ; P> 20, Wne> 40 percent and Sw <24 kPa, The Plasticity index P, and the moisture content Wine shall be determined in accordance with approved national standards. profile with more than 3.0 meters of soft clay C. Ground Response Coefficients, C, & C, The ground response coefficients C, and C, are parameters which reflect the potential amplification of the ground vibration caused by different soil types. These coefficients are a function of the zone factor Z, the soil profiles S, to Sand, where applicable, the near-source factors N, and N,. The fundamental period of a structure determines which of the two coefficients C, or C, controls for longer periods. Values of C, and C, are given in NSCP Tables 208-7 and 208-8 for soil profiles type A to type E. A site-specific geotechnical investigation is necessary to determine the value of the coefficients for soil profile Type F Table 208-7 Seismic Coefficient, Ca Sa 0.32Nv Sp | _0.40NV _| LO Sc 7 0.56NV ‘'oiat SEAD PICE North Davao Tesinal Conference - an)Analysis: D. Occupancy Categories and Importance Factors, I Normal building structures designed in accordance with the NSCP or UBC Code may be expected to resist an upper level earthquake with a recurrence interval of 475 years without collapse and without endangering life safety. It is anticipated that structural and nonstructural damages will occur which will necessitate the shutdown of a facility until repairs can be implemented. In some circumstances, this will not be an acceptable situation and a design is required which will ensure the immediate resumption of operations after a severe earthquake. ‘Table 208-1 Seismic Importance Factor, L L_Essential Facilities _1.50 Il, Hazardous Facilities _ | __ 150 Ill, Special Occupancy = 1.00 IV. Standard Occupancy 1.00 V. Miscellaneous 1.00 See Table 103-1 for Occupancy category listing. The limitation of Ip for panel connections in Section 208.8,2.3 shall be 1.0 for the entire connector. Structural observation requirements are given in Section 107,9 For anchorage of machinery and equipment required for life’safety systems, the value of Ip shall be taken as 1.5 z i Essential facilities are defined in NSCP Table 208-1 as hospitals, fire and police stations, emergency response centers and buildings housing equipment for these facilities. Hazardous facilities are defined a structures housing materials which will endanger the safety of the public if released. In order to ensure that essential and hazardous facilities remain functional after an upper level earthquake, an Importance Factor | of 1.25 is assigned to these facilities. This has the effect of increasing the prescribed design base shear by twenty-five percent. E. Response Modification Factor, R The structure response modification factor R for various structure systems are given in NSCP Table 208-11. This factor is a measure of the ability of the system to absorb energy and sustain cyclic inelastic deformations without collapse. Table 208-11A i Force-Resist " Structural soe of Concrete 1 font SEAD:PICE Neth Dav Technical Conference 33Analysis and Design of Four Story Relnforced Concrete Building using STAADPro and the NSCP2010 | Module 02 - Primary Loading A. Bearing Wall System + Special Reinforced Concrete] 4 5 = = a Shear Walls + Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls B. Building Frame System + Special Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls or Braced Frame * Ordinary Reinforced Concrete 45 2.8 NL NP 55 2.8 NL 75 Shear Walls or Braced Frame ao ee pen || + Intermediate Pre-Cast Shear] 5 an 2 ‘Walls or Braced Frame : - C. Moment-Resisting Frame System + Special Reinforced Concrete Gs)| 38 ML a Moment Frames + Intermediate Reinforced ____ Concrete Moment Frames * Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Moment Frames D. Dual Systems ‘© Special Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls _ * Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls E. Dual System with Intermediate Moment Frames + Special Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls + Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls a * Shear Wall Frame Interactive System with Ordinary RC| 4.2 28 | NP NP Moment Frames and Ordinary ” RC Shear Walls F. Cantilevered Column Building _System _ - + Cantilevered Column Elements SS) 28 NL NP 35 2g |e NE NP 85 28 NL NL 65 28 ‘NP NL 65 28 NL 50 42 2.8 NL 50 22 2.0 NL 10 G. Shear Wall Frame Interaction System ea Tint SEAD-PICE Ne Daas Teal Coteence : 34 55 28 NL 50‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD.Pro andthe NSCP 2010 | Module 0 Loading F. Seismic Source Classification ‘The maximum moment magnitude potential of a fault and its slip rate are used to classify seismic source types. Three different sources types are identified in the Code ranging from the most active Type A source to the least active Type C source. Type C sources are relatively inactive faults, not capable of producing large magnitude earthquakes, NSCP Table 208-6 lists the different types of faults. ‘Table 208-6 Seismic Source Types Faults that are capable of producing large magnitude events and that have a high rate of seismic activity. All faults other than Types A and C 65! Lib development length 1 10m to 20mm (2-6 ire to 3m (0-836) ‘nm ST (O10) 3. STAAD Pro DESIGN INPUT PARAMETERS From the STAAD Pro syntax, the parameters are first stated overriding any default value. One must be aware that while the program executes the design, the design output must be checked against the code, especially the seismic provisions on detailing requirements [Parameter Name | Default Value Description —_ i [FYMAIN * 60,000 psi (414 MPa) [Yield Stress for main reinforcing steel FYSEC * 60,000 psi (414 MPa) | Yield Stress for Secondary Stee! i Fi * 4.000 psi (28 MPa) ‘Compressive Strength of Concrete a CLT 1.5 inch (37.5 mm) Clear cover for top reinforcement CLE 1.5 inch (37.5 mm) Clear cover for bottom reinforcement CLS *1.5 inch (37.5 Clear cover for side reinforcement _| MINMAIN** #4 (12mm) Min main reinforcement bar size ‘MINSEC ** #4 (12mm) _ ‘Min secondary reinforcement bar size MAXMAIN **__| #18 (57mm) ‘Max main reinforcement bar size SFACE 70.0 If specified, the shear force at the start of the beam is computed at the distance of SFACE#d from the start joint of the member. | EFACE *0.0 If specified, the shear force at the end of the beam is computed at the distance of EFACE+d from the start joint of the member, REINF 00 Tied column, A value of 1.0 will mean | spiral column, E WIDTH *ZD ‘Width of concrete member. This value defaults to ZD as provided under member _ properties, - DEPTH *YD Depth of concrete member. This value defaults to YD as provided under member properties Tint SEAD-PICE Nowth Davao Toshnical Conlerenoe‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro véthe NscP 2010 | Module 04 Detailing NSECTION*** [12 imber of equally-spaced sections to be considered in finding critical moments for beam design. TRACK 00 BEAM DESIGN: With TRACK set to 0.0, critical moments will not be printed out with beam design Teport. | A value of 1.0 will mean a print out. A value of 2.0 will print out required steel areas for al intermediate sections specified by NSECTION. COLUMN DESIGN: TRACK 0.0 prints out detailed design results. ‘TRACK 1.0 prints out column interaction analysis results in addition to TRACK 0.0 output. ‘TRACK 2.0 prints out schematic interaction diagram and intermediate interaction values in addition to all of the _ above. RHOMN (0.01 (indicates 19%) Minimum reinforcement required in a conerete column. ACI code allows 1% to 8%, * This values must be provided in the current unit system being used. ** Bar sizes must be in “mm” when using metric units, *** maximum section is 20 EXAMPLE OF DESIGN BRIEF FOR BEAMS UNIT KN METER START CONCRETE DESIGN CODE ACI 2002 FYMAIN 414 ALL MAXMAIN 20 ALL CLB 40MM DESIGN BEAM 1 7 10 END CONCRETE DEISGN Inthe STAAD Pro V8i (SELECT Series 1), three versions of the ACI code are currently implemented, the 1999, 2002, and 2005 edition. To access the the 1999 edition, specify the commands: START CONCRETE DESIGN CODE ACI 1999 PTeintSEADPICE North Davao Tecinioal Conlerence 7Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bulldng using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module! Detailing To access the 2002 edition, specify the commands: START CONCRETE DESIGN CODE ACI 2002 To access the 2005 edition, specify the commands START CONCRETE DESIGN, CODE ACI or CODE ACI 2005 ACTUAL OUTPUT OF DESIGN — BEAM NO. 97 DESIGN RESULTS - FLEXURE PER CODE. forsee) LEN - 5000,MM FY - 275. FC- 21. MPA, SIZE - 300. X 400. ras "para ‘o cemply wit sce 2010 LEVEL HEIGHT BARINFO | FROM TO — ANCHOR (MM) (my __om STA END 1 /'5- 12MM 802. 3989. NO NO 2 3 420MM 0. 1484. YES NO 3 342, AER 20MM / — 3308. 5000. NO YES BEAMNO. 97DESIGN RESULTS- SHEAR AT START SUPPORT - Vu= 68.16 KNS Ve= 81.19 KNS Vs= 9.70 KNS ‘on le required, Tus 0.34KN-MET T= 2.9KN-MET Ts= 0.0KN-MET LOAD 4 NO STIRRUPS ARE REQUIRED FOR TORSION. REINFORCEMENT IS REQUIRED FOR SHEAR. PROVIDE 10 MM 2-LEGGED STIRRUPS AT 178. MM C/C FOR 2158, MM ADDITIONAL LONGITUDINAL STEEL REQD. FOR TORSIONAL RESISTANCE = 0.00 SQ.M. ATEND SUPPORT -Vu= 70.66 KNS Ve= 81.19KNS Vs= 13.03 KNS Tu= 0.34 KN-MET Te= 2.9 KN-MET Ts=_0.0KN-MET LOAD 4 NO STIRRUPS ARE REQUIRED FOR TORSION. REINFORCEMENT IS REQUIRED FOR SHEAR, PROVIDE 10 MM 2-LEGGED STIRRUPS AT 178. MM C/C FOR 2158. MM. ADDITIONAL LONGITUDINAL STEEL REQD. FOR TORSIONAL RESISTANCE = 0.00 SQ.CM. Toit SEAD DICE Neth Dav‘Analysis an Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bung using STAAD Pro and the NSCP2010 | Module 04 Design and Detaing 561 5000X 300X 400 581 eer {} | 4No20 1342.) 0.TO 1484 J4No20/H 342.3308,T0 5000 | | 14*10c/e178 | | | || | | 14*10c/e178 | 5No12 H] 54, 802.TO 3989 Hd | I Vi i VI ir | e000 | | 000 | | || e000 | | 0000 | 4#20 {| 4420 | | 1 4#20 {1 4#20 | iI iI iI lI I | | S#12 [| Ss#12 | 4 S#H12 | | 1 | | 00000 | | 0000 | | ooo00 | | | HW il cel i I In the actual output, should there be a value for additional longitudinal reinforcement for torsional resistance, the area shall be added to the steel area supplied for flexural resistance. Furthermore, the same applies for the web reinforcement. The equation bellow explains the point clearly’ A= Aft Atl ‘Aw=As+ Atw Where: A__ - total area for longitudinal reinforcement Af - area for flexural resistance All - area for longitudinal torsional resistance Aw = total area for web reinforcement ‘As area for shear resistance Atw ~ area for web torsional resistance 4, REQUIREMENTS FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT STRUCTURES At this point the design output of STAAD Pro is compliant to ACT 18-08 or NSCP 2010 except the seismic detailing requirements. At this level the designer must not end his design based on the STAAD Pro output, since the detailing output does not automatically include the seismic provision requirements. He must incorporate these seismic requirements to the STAAD Pro output and introduce some modifications Since the Philippines is situated in a high seismic risk region, Special moment resisting frames (SMRF) is commonly adopted as the type of structural framing that is designed and “1 Tost SEAD PICE North Dav T‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro and the NSCP2010 | Module 04 Design and Detailing detailed to sustain strong earthquakes. Special provisions for designing and detailing are given for 1) Flexural members of special moment frames such as members subjected only to bending, 2) Special moment frame members subjected to bending and axial load such as columns, 3) Joints of special moment frames. 4.4. SECTION SIZE Flexural members shall satisfy the following: (ACI 318-08 Section 21.3.1.1) 5. Clear span In > 4 x effective depth, d 6. The flexural member width-to-depth ratio, b/d > 0.3 7. Flexural member width b > 250mm (10”). 8. Flexural member width, bs of the supporting member plus distances on each side of the supporting member not exceeding % of the depth of the flexural member. 4.B, LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT Longitudinal reinforcement requirements (ACI 318-08 Section 21.3.2 or NSCP 2010, Section 421.5.2.1 1 Longitudinal reinforcement for both top and bottom steel (A) should be in the range defined as follows: “(es ‘9 $(A)<0.025bd (SI syster abd s(A)S (SI system) B 2. The positive moment strength at joint face should be greater or equal ¥ negative moment strength at that face of the joint: Leftjoint — am,,* > 5OM, 7 Right Joint OM,,° = OMe 3. Neither the negative nor the positive moment strength that any section along the ‘member should be less than % the maximum strength provided at the face of either joint. 4. ‘Neither the negative nor the positive moment strength at any section along the member should be less than % the maximum moment strength provided at the face of either joint. “TV Sint SEAD-PICE Nowih Davao Tecnal Confrence - 7 . Fp‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bulling using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Mos Deta 5. Lap splices of flexural reinforcement are permitted only if hoop or spiral reinforcement is provided over the lap length. Maximum spacing of the transverse reinforcement enclosing the lapped bars shall not exceed d/4 or 100mm. Lap splices shall not be used. a. Within the joints; b. Within a distance of twice the member depth from the face of the joint; and ¢. At locations where analysis indicates flexural yielding caused by inelastic lateral displacements of the frame (i.e. formation of plastic hinges). 4.C. TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT ‘Transverse reinforcement requirement. (ACI 318-08 Code Section 21.3.3 or NSCP 2010 421.5.3) For special moment resisting spaced frame, plastic hinges will form at the ends of flexural members. Those locations should be specially detailed to ensure sufficient ductility of the frame members. Transverse reinforcement gives lateral support for the longitudinal reinforcement and assists concréte to resist shear. It should satisfy the following: 1. Hoops are required over a length equal to twice the member depth from the face of the support form both ends of the flexural member, 2. Also, hoops are required over length equal to twice the member depth on both sides of section where flexural yielding may occur, as shown below: > 3. The spacing of hoops, s, should not exceed the smallest of the following values ad/4 b Bight times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal bar ¢.24 times the diameter of the hoop bars. 4.300 mm, The first hoop should be located not more than 50mm from the face of the support. 4. Where hoops are not required, stirrups with seismic hooks at both ends shall be spaced at a distance not more than d/2 throughout the length of the member. “Joint SEAD-PICE Navth Davao Techs Cores a‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 04 ~ Design and Detailing FLEXURAL MEMBERS Hoop spacing is. smallest of: ai6 Bab ; 24 hoop ab ; 300mm ; STAD Pro output TypPic, EISMIC DETAILING F HEAR AND TORSION “TV Joint SEAD-PICE North Davao Toshnizal ConferenceAnalysis and Design of Four Story ced Concrete Building using STAD Proand the NSCP2010 | Module 04 Design and Detailing BEAM DETAIL WITH SEISMIC PROVISION ‘2mm ea \ \— 10mm hoops / stirrups \ 5000 . eae an Hoop spacing is smallest of: d/4 ; Sdb ; 24 hoop db; 300mm; STAAD Pro output 5. COLUMN DESIGN Column design in STAAD per the ACI code is performed for axial force, uniaxial and biaxial moments. The loading which produces the largest amount of reinforcement is called the critical load. Column design is done for square, rectangular and circular sections. For rectangular and circular sections, reinforcement is always assumed to be equally distributed on al faces, This means that the total number of bars will always be a multiple of four (4). The Bresler Load Contour Method is adopted by the program for such biaxial moments. The program will iterate in steps a steel ratio of 1% to a maximum of 8%. When the equivalent axial and biaxial moment capacities for a given steel ratio is arrived at for the assumed column dimension without exceeding the 8% maximum steel ratio, then the total steel area Tequired shall be distributed equally on the cross section. The Bresler Load Contour Equation Where a = 1.24, If the column is subjected to uniaxial moment, a is chosen as 1.0 “1 Foint SEAD-PICE Noth Davao Technical ConferencethenscP2010 | Module o Detail ‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building Design and Muc Muy rere Mny =——=— Mox é mo Mux = Puey = design moment about x-axis Muy = Puey = design moment about y-axis Mnx Moy = sik Column Interaction The column interaction may be obtained by using the design parameter TRACK 1.0 or TRACK 2.0 for the column member. If.a value of 2.0 is used for the TRACK parameter, 12 different Pn-Mn pairs, each representing a different point of the Pn-Mn curve, are printed, Each of these points represents one of the several Pn-Mn combinations that this column is capable of carrying about the given axis, for the actual reinforcement the column has been designed for. EXAMPLE DESIGN BRIEF FOR COLUMNS, UNIT KN METER START CONCRETE DESIGN CODE ACI 2005 FYMAIN 414 MAXMAIN 25 ALL DESIGN COLUMN 23 25 END CONCRETE DESIGN COLUMN DESIGN OUTPUT The following output is generated without any TRACK definition, thus using the default of TRACK 0.0 COLUMN NO. 1 DESIGN PER ACI 318-05 - AXTAL + BENDING FY-4150 FC- 25.0MPA, RECT SIZE - 275.0 X 300.0 MMS, TIED AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED = 882.8 SQ, MM BAR CONFIGURATION —REINF PCT. LOAD LOCATION PHT 8-12MM 4 (PROVIDE EQUAL NUMBER OF BARS ON EACH FACR) ‘TIEBAR NUMBER 12 SPACING 192.00 MM 4Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 04 Detailing TRACK 1.0 generates the following additional output COLUMN INTERACTION: MOMENT ABOUT Z -AXIS (KN-MET) Po Pn max Pebal Meal e-bal. (MM) 2109.38 1687.50 785.43 9775 1245 Mo Petens, Des.Pn Des. Mn ch 478i “375.48 75.04 51.21 0.19497 bal. (MM) 2109.38 1687.50 715.80 88.78 44 Mo Putens Des.Pa DesMn eth 43.01 375.48 75.04 3.92 0.01492 TRACK 2.0 generates the graphical illustration and pairs of the Pn-Mn curve in addition to the above printed results. 5.1 SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR COLUMNS, 5.1.1 Longitudinal reinforcement (ACI 318-05 Section 21.4.2) The area of longitudinal reinforcement, Ast, shall not be less than 0. O1Ag or more than 0.06Ag.The lower limit of the area of longitudinal reinforcement is to control time dependent deformation and to have the yield moment exceed the cracking moment. The upper limit of the section reflects the concern for steel congestion, load transfer form floor elements to column especially in low rise construction, and the development of high shear stresses. Spalling of the shell concrete, which is likely to occur near the ends of the column in frames of typical configuration, makes lap splices in these locations vulnerable. If lap splices are to be used at all, they should be located near the mid-height where stress reversal is likely to be limited to a smaller stress range than at locations near the joints. The flexural strength of the column should satisfy the following: Me 2 (6/5) Mus Where XM = the sum of nominal flexural strengths of columns framing into the joint, evaluated at the faces of the joint. Vin SEAD-PICE Work Dato Tesi Conirenss 5 5‘Analysis and Desig of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bulldng using STAAD Pro andthe NSCP 2010 J Module 04 - Design and Detailing = the sum of nominal flexural strengths of the beams framing into the joint, evaluated at the faces of the joint. Flexural strengths shall be summed up such that the column moments oppose the beam moments. This approach, called strong column-weak beam concept, ensures that the columns will not yield before the beams Mn x Mol + Oe (M+ Myn)J= (6/5)(Mart Myr) Mn 5.1.2. Limiting size of columns For special moment frames resisting earthquake induced forces shall satisfy the following requirements as stated in NSCP 2010 Section 421.6.1 1. The shortest cross-sectional dimension, measured on a straight line passing through the geometric centroid, shall not be less than 300mm. (Sec 421.6.1.1) 2. The ratio of the shortest cross-sectional dimension to the perpendicular dimension shall not be less than 0.4, (Sec 421.6.1.2) 5.1.3. Transverse reinforcement spacing (ACI Code Section 21.4.4.2 to 21.4.4.4) or NSCP 2010 Section 421.6.4.3 Spacing of transverse reinforcement shall not exceed the smallest of (a), (b), and (c). d. of the minimum member dimension. €. _ Six times the diameter of the longitudinal bar, and as defined by the given equation. , G50mm - hx) 3 So= 100mm where 100mm < So < 150mm, hx = spacing of additional cross ties or overlapping hoops, which need not exceed 350mmin, on centers, Tait SEAD-PICE North Davao Tecnica Conference 76‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building sing STAAD Pro and the NSCP2010 | Module Detailing sgn and ‘The transverse reinforcements specified above shall be provided over a length, Io, from each joint face and on both sides of any section where flexural yielding is likely to occur as a result of inelastic lateral displacement of the frame. The length, lo, shall not be less than the largest of (a), (b), and (c) (a) the depth of the member at the joint face or at the section where flexural yielding is likely to occur, (b) one-sixth of the clear span of the member; and (©) 18 inches. Ordinary spacing of hoops without seismic provisions which are calculated by STAAD is the smallest of the following: (a) 16 times the longitudinal bar diameter (b) 48 times the hoop diameter (©) Minimum column thickness, The graph shows the details for transverse reinforcements applying the special provisions for seismic requirements Clear height, a { 18in Larger of orh loo} tl Transverse reinforcement requirements for rectangular hoop reinforcement. Courtesy of Portland Cement Association iy‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building sing STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 4 - Design and De larger of yor hy 6.24 (Clear span) 18in 039 Ay? ade or 00s, fe Sin (ACL21.44.1 when cover >4 in) ‘Transverse reinforcement requirements for rectangular hoop reinforcement. Courtesy of Portland Cement Association (Notes on ACI 318). TF Toit SEADVPICE Noh Dav Technical ConferenceAnalysis and Design of our Story Reinforced dng using STAAD Pro and the NSCP2010 | Module 0 Detailing ACTUAL STAAD Pro output for column COLUMN NO. 333 DESIGN PER ACI 318-2005 - AXIAL + BENDING FY -413.7 FC- 27.6MPA, SQRE SIZE - 500.0 X 500.0 MMS, TIED AREA OF STEEL REQUIRED = 9850,0 SQ. MM BAR CONFIGURATION —REINF PCT. LOAD LOCATION PHI 8-40 MM 4,021 9 STA 0.70 SACOM PARSON EACH FACE) 12 SPACING 320,00 MM) ¢<—_____ NOT ADEQUATE FoR iv ae = —-REQUREMENT COLUMN INTERACTION: MOMENT ABOUT Z -AXIS (KN-MET) PO Pomax —Pebal.— M-bal e-bal. (MM) 9783.67 7826.94 252482 943.38 373.6 Mo Pitens. DesPn Desa eh 797.02 415880 303083 121.89 0.01002 COLUMN INTERACTION: MOMENT ABOUT Y -AXIS (KN-MET) PO Pnmax bal Meal. e-bal. (MM) 9783.67 7826.94 2524.82 943.38 373.6 MO Ptens. Des Pn DesMn ch 797.02 -4158.80 3039.83 806.08 0.06629 Po MnP Mn (@Z) 722487 451.63 361243 851.43 6622.79 $40.67 301036 902.63 602072 612.35 240829 941.09 5418.65 680.37 1806.22 921.30 . 4816.58 74176 1204.14 895.00 : 421451 79827 602.07 853.33 NOMINAL] * Po MnP Mn (@Y) AXIAL] + 722487 451.63 361243 851.43 COMPRESSION} 6622.79 54067 301036 902.63 Pb 6020.72 61235 240829 941.09 Ios 5418.65 68037 1806.22 921.30 Lt 481658 741.76 1204.14 895.00 [*MO-Mn, 421451 79827 602.07 853.33 | * BENDING Pttens|* MOMENT | 1 iia SEAD PICE Nah Diva Te 79isis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro andthe P2010 | Module 04 - Design and Detaling COLUMN DETAIL WITH SEISMIC PROVISION SECTION [see ‘2mm hoops.‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Conerete Building using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module 04 - Design and Detailing SEISMIC JOINT DETAILING DETAILS AND DETAILING OF CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT 525, em SPACING OF |_o/4 FOR DIMENSION By BUT Ay y- | PHES. TN Lat SOF CREATES THEN 4" [1000] EMG cass. “8” the TO. Cac JOINT woes wey 3E, SPACED AT *25n* oer win FoR THE OEPTH GF THE SHALL C¥ES! CENTER MALE OF ‘eA WHEN 3EAUS WITH WIDTH 2 Sean cotta | TINGS "THE NIGH OF TE COLA Fane INO tHE FoUR St0es DF x eoLNN. Pow atl chen cONoirions. Use [eoes Sesceb at sn ove! ns cto (sme ia a +S stint OE No. s4eo 608 03 15 (m0. 813.6) 2 co a Baths f coum wars et 2 peine ecient In ALL sotTs Sko'tw Tar Cotubas. FoR 4-015 tales Lo. ABOVE S80 bELOw .o1nTS. see eat cat eLevav ions MEstREOU RED TC RESIST. snzan-ewALl BE HOOPS. AND SPACInG ShALL AGT EXGEEO 2 TWeEM ecuanicas, SmLiceS oF weL0E9 PoletSceee cata: nat mone Teen KScinace ane. ie'ae Spetcay AT any TiN MI VERTICAL GrStanee ein Sec icHS Pe TN. feOmm OR MORE SUPPLEMENT CAUSES ERNATE 50° AND 135" EAOS pW CNGECUTIVE GROSSES enw LONGI THOINAL SHEEL SOM FOR CLARITY Sh © KOOP AND SUPPLEMENTARY CROssTiE SPACING. NOT 10'Cxceeo Bsr OF 4° [1 QOm) so = COUN Fle staring, nos to enctea aco Bo MERU NGAUS 240p FTES, Barb C2" [300m + Se ual atacace Te T fe BALE 1G com cnass section > © CARGEST COutam DiuewSION SUT NGt LESS SAL San oke"Sixte CLEAR HE TCH, OF TB°[ OOH) Fig, 6-Typical seismic. resis i dei: columnsAnalysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 MANUAL OF CONCRETE PRACTICE sae Tot COLUMN HOOPS: i \ CLASS "B" TOP a“aan sp. 1ce—-| edie it If | For Soin Hoops ND OF ngore on P| voit woo Beau Baas L t = | i L REAM HOOPS: 1d URS -VERTICAL SECTION ¥-¥ Ny SPanonc atau nooPs =<] 1 BEAM BARS { ' a. 00r 20 [6ormict To'enD OF HOOKS. ON Ue SeaM BARS rm =I y * Lanrertor sea HON? 7 ~ Ll 4a J PLAN SECTION X-x Nov Fig, Ha) Typcalseigicoessan! join desis tncrower than column Module 0 Detailing Design and ROUNG COLUMNS CAN HAVE CITHCA HOOPS OR SPIRALS Cate 1: For enone of high sess 18h Ineror amd spaniel boas‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAD Proand the NSCP 2010 | Module 04 Design and Detailing DETAILS ANO DETAILING OF CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT 1527 Ne mt | |_ cuss <9 tor Haak sPtice 2h¢ {eom|ce | T_[| | For voint woes foteho oF | HGOKS. oN iE | | Seat ears i ‘ eo} x ea a coLUMN HOOPS — sioint Hoos ‘TL ] i 1 . a BEAM HOOPS| JOINT HOOPS MAY BE USED GNLY WITHIN [TT | Beau Webs were Bean 1s NARROWER sy! Tian Cots USE To REPLACE INTERIOR SPANDREL BEAM HOOPS. SOINT HOOPS: Biz" | 6Omm| CL | TO"ENO oF HOOKS _ON BEAM BARS Eee INTERIOR @cAW HoaPS PLAN SECTION X-x Fig, 70)—Typeut seam resists joint devils—Case 2: For repions of ouaderateselamic risk Interior bear wider than olumn! spandel beams narration col, 1 Joint SEAD-PICE Nook Davso Technical Conferense a‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced: coun woors T= FI] | euass 9" 19° 2hz' [6omm|CL 4 | | FOR JOINT ca To-eNo oF | 1 HOOKS. OW deaweass | IT rete Buillng using STAAD Pro andthe NSCP 2010 | Module 04 - Design and Detailing x saint Hoops | J |, t i SooeeAR ay ELI s x ee “VERTICAL SECTION Y-¥ eS SPANOREL BEAM HaGPS 1 BEAM BARS. L-.---. JOINT HOOPS: 2hz" [60mm CL. To"eNO_OF HOOKS_ON BEAM BARS INTERIOR BEAN HOOPS PLAN SECTION X-X | BEAM A00°S| | RUSUNT MOPS May BE USED ONLY wITHIN BEAM WIDTH WHERE BEAM IS. NARROWER: i [a Sha Goer" Gee tote dee Interior ~ TIES ONLY. Fig, (e)—Ispical seismic resistant jon details Cate 3 For regions of moenate seismic rth, trier beam wider tha ‘otun span Hea tne wha colon, "“T Tein SEADSPICE Norih Davao Techni Confezense‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro andthe NSCP 2010 | Module 04 Design and ing Det asa [MANUAL OF CONCRETE PRACTICE Apu sEnrostoM. te 280 GOTO ine be aneept Aan ene ENT STRENGTH? 258 van VENT ita ar tae OF Finch sc | Aintuas or 2 aus. cout iweus Ta 8 6 MIMENY SIREMGDY AT (aCE at LEAST fr fnemtens EGATIVL MOMENT STRENGTH 7 oe {| i q I LUAU be 1 et wt veges | sgpes | vege sewer ap | ME a [som dg Spon me to eNOS Ey st ok 8 a Bide a Fam Bee tS or mee a fyypers se oe ee yg gopuere LOO cts 8 EN Se < 8h aca 4 rues cena 4 AS SOIC, MAE BLE BS SOTA 2 RISE BleP Ge spaceo EEA ARE Bb oR Fig, STypicel seismic-esstan devas: sur member. Toit SEAD-FICE Norlh Davao Tecnica Contaence - - — es‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Proand the NSCP 2010 | Module 04 - Design and Detailing DETAILS AND DETAILING OF CONCRETE RERFORCEUENT oO. fe som) —_ sane a cae Jeri RF EES] i i 2 as P ef —_ | eft Achascngre cepts acc | ere Sa OE voy a tre resem se oe SLOSS EEE a ee ‘Fig. [3 Standard cotunn ties applicable fr ether preastombled cage or field erection I Tint SEAD-PICE Newth Davao Technical Conference — - :Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bulding using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Module Detailing DETAILS AND DETAILING OF CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT jee SECTION sat Pain @rcron rat noe ci Mee tr haw sure ob ne rere ono le tha en reg mere tees ese a3 piace, cual ete and soaks be Ay Based oa Sch Same teas eae Fig ¢—Columa slice dea Tei SEAD-PICE Nath Davao Technical Conference 87Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Conerete Building using STAD Pr the NscP 2010 | Module 04 Design and Detailing REFERENCES R. Park and T. Paulay (1975), Eccentrically Loaded Columns with Biaxial Bending, Reinforced Concrete Structures, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. M. Hassoun and A. Manaseer (2005), Design Philosophy and Concepts, Structural Concrete Theory and Design, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York. M. Hassoun and A. Manaseer (2005), Slender Columns, Structural Concrete Theory and Design, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York. ACI Committee 318 (2006), Chapter 21 ~ Special Provisions for Seismic Design, ACI Building Code Commentary (ACI 318-05). Farmington Hills, MI. ASEP (2001), National Structural Code of the Philippines, Volume 1: Buildings, Towers and Other Vertical Structures, 5" Edition. Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines (ASEP), Manila, 2001 Technical Reference manual, STAAD Pro V8i, Research engineers International, Bentley Solutions Center (2008) “PS SEAD ICE No Dao Tein Coteeace 7 oe3s and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Building using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 | Appendices APPENDICES “VF SEAD FICE Novi Davao Tesinial Contes »‘Analysis and Design of Four Story reed Concrete Building using STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 Appendix A APPENDIX A: Floor Plan and Elevation 1, Typical Floor Plan: spaces rox Rent i | I i TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN ~V" Soint EAD -PICE Nor Davao Teshnizal CnferenceAnalysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Build ing STAAD Pro and the NSCP 2010 Appendix A 2. Elevation: L i i i Tena oecxteves $4 : a oe fH 4 as 1 au CON LEE i [ i ; ! eve. | | I | | 4 A) e Cc © ® FRONT ELEVATION “TV Tint SEADYPICE Noh Davao Toshnical Coaterence‘Analysis and Design of Four Story Reinforced Concrete Bullding using STAAD Prosand the NSCP 2010 APPENDIX B: STAAD Pro Command File STAAD SPACE START JOB INFORMATION JOB NAME 4-STOREY RC BUILDING JOB CLIENT PICE-SEAD JOBNO3 JOBREV 1 JOB PART SEISMIC LOADS & COMBINATIONS ENGINEER NAME SEAD ENGINEER DATE 05-Jan-11 END JOB INFORMATION INPUT WIDTH 79 UNIT METER KN JOINT COORDINATES, 1000; 2800; 3 1400; 4 22.00; 5 2700; 6006; 7806; 8 1406; 9.2206; 102706; 11 00 12; 12 8 0 12; 13 14 0 12; 14 22.0 12; 15 270 12; 1600 18; 1780 18; 18 140 18; 19 220 18; 20270 18; 21 04 0; 22840; 23 14 4.0; 24 22 4 0; 25 27 4 0; 260.4 6; 278 4 6; 28 14 4 6; 292246; 3027 4 6; 3104 12; 3284 12; 33 14 4 12; 34 224 12; 35 274 12; 3604 18; 378 4 18; 38 14 4 18; 39 22 4 18; 40.274 18; 4104 -2.5; 428 4-2.5; 43.144 -2.5; 44 22 4 -2.5; 45 27 4 -2.5; 46 0.4 20.5; 47 8 4 20.5; 48.14 4 20.5; 49 22.4 20.5; 50.27 4 20.5; 51 0.43; 52843; 53 1443; 54.22.43; 55.2743; 36.049; 578 49; 58 14.49; 5922.49; 6004 15; 618 4 15; 62 14 4 15; 63 22 4 15; 64274 15; 65 44 15; 664 4 18; 6724.5 4 12; 68 24.5 4 6; 69 24,5 4 10; 70224 10; 7107.5 0; 7287.50; 73 147.5 0; 74 22 7.5 0; 75 27 7.5 0; 76 07.5 6; 7787.5 6; 78 14 7.5 6; 79.22 7.5 6; 80 27 7.5 6; 81 0 7.5 12; 82.8 7.5 12; 83 14 7.5 12; 8422 7.5 12; 85.27 7.5 12; 8607.5 18; 878 7.5 18; 88 147.5 18; 89.22 7.5 18; 9027 7.5 18; 91 0 7.5 -2.5; 92 8 7.5 -2.5; 93 14 7.5 -2.5; 942275 -2.5; 95 277.5 -2.5; 96 0 7.5 20.5; 97 8 7.5 20.5; 98 14 7.5 20.5; 99 22 7.5 20.5; 100 27 7.5 20.5; 101 0 7.5 3; 102 87.5 3, 103 14 7.5 3; 104 22 7.5 3; 105 27 7.5 3; 106 0 7.5 9; 107 8 7.5 9; 108 14 7.5 9; 10922 7.5 9; 1100 7.5 15; 1118 7.5 15; 112 14 7.5 15; 113 2275 15; 1142775 15; 115 47.5 15; 116 4 7.5 18; 117 24.5 7.5 12; 118 24.5 7.5 6; 119 24.5 7.5 10; 120 227.5 10; 121 0 11 0; 1228 11 0; 123 14 11 0; 124 22 11 0; 125.27 11 0; 126 0 11 6; 127 8 11 6; 128 14 11 6; 129 22 11 6; 130 27 11 6; 131 011 12; 132 8 11 12; 133 14 11 12; 134 22 11 12; 1352711 12; 136011 18; 1378 11 18; 138 14 11 18; 13922 11 18; 14027 11 18; 141 0 11-25; 142.8 11 -2.5; 143 14 11 -2.5; 144 22 11 -2.5; 14527 11 -2.5; 146011 20.5; 4478 11 20.5; 148 14 11 20.5, 149 22 11 20.5; 150.27 11 20,5; 1510.11 3; 1528 11 3; 153 14 11.3; 154 22 11 3; 155 27 11 3; 156011 9; 1578119; 158 14 11 9; 159 22 11 9; 1600 11 15; 161 8 11 15; 162 14 11 15; 163 22 11.15; 164 27 11 15; 165 4 11 15; 166 4 11 18; 167 24.5 11 12; 168 24.5 11 6; 169 24.5 11 10; 17022 11 10; 171 0 14.5 0; 1728 145 0; 173 14 14.5 0; 174 22 14.5 0; 175 27 14.5 0; 176 0 14.5 6; 1778 14.5 6; 178 14 14.5 6; 179 22 14.5 6; 180 27 14.5 6; 181 0 14.5 12; 1828 14.5 12; 183 14 14.5 12; 184 22 14.5 12; 185 27 14.5 12; 186 0 14.5 18; 1878 14.5 18; 188 14 14.5 18; 189 22 14.5 18; 190.27 14.5 18; 191 0 14.5 -2.5; 1928 14.5 -2.5; 193 14 14.5 -2.5; 194 22 14.5 -2.5; 195 27 14.5 -2.5; 196 0 14.5 20.5; 197 8 14.5 20.5; 198 14 14.5 20.5; 199 22 14.5 20.5; 200 27 14.5 20.5; 1¥ Toit SEADYPICE Nonh Davao Technical Conference 2‘Analysis and Design of Four tory Reinforced Concrete Bullding using STAAD Pro ane the NSCP 2010, Appendix 8 201 0 14.5 3; 202 8 14.5 3; 203 14 14.5 3; 204 22 14.5 3; 205 27 14.53; 206 0 14.5 9; 207 8 14.5 9; 208 14 14.5 9; 209 22 14.5 9; 2100 14.5 15; 211 8 14.5 15; 212 14 14.5 15; 213 22 14.5 15; 214 27 14.5 15; 215 4 14.5 15; 216 4 14.5 18; 217 24.5 14,5 12; 218 24.5 14.5 6; 219 24.5 14.5 10; 220 22 14.5 10; MEMBER INCIDENCES 121 22; 2.22 23; 3 23 24; 4 24 25; 5 26 27; 6 27 28; 7 28 29; 8 29 68; 931 32; 10 32 33; 11 33 34; 12 34 67; 13 36 66; 14 37 38; 15 38 39; 16 39 40; 17 46 36; 18 36 60; 19 6031; 20 31 56; 21 56 26; 22 26 51; 23 51 21; 2421 41; 25 47 37; 26 37 61; 27 61 32; 28 32 57; 29 57 27; 30 27 52; 31 52.22; 32.22 42: 33 48 38; 34 38 62; 35 62 33; 36 33 58; 37 58 28; 38 28 53, 39 53 23: 40 23 43: 41 49 39; 42 39 63; 43 63 34; 44 34 70; 45 59 29; 46 29 54; 47 54 24: 48 24 44: 49 50 40; 50 40 64; 51 64 35; 52 35 30; 53 30 55; 54 55 25; 55 25 45; 5641 42: 97 42 43; 58 43 44; 59 44 45; 60 51 52; 61 52 53; 62 53 54: 63 54 55: 64 5657: 65 57 SB; 66 58 59; 67 60 65; 68 61 62; 69 62 63; 70 63 64; 71 46 47; 72.47 48: 73 48 49; 74 49 50; 75 65 61; 76 66 37; 77 66 65; 78 67 35; 79 68 30; 80 67 69: 81 69 68; 82 70 59; 83 70 69; 84 71 72; 85 72 73; 86 73 74; 87 74 75; 88 76 77: 89 77 78; 90 78 79; 91 79 118; 92 81 82; 93 82 83; 94 83 84; 95 84 117; 96 86 116; 97 87 88; 98 88 89; 99 89.90; 100 96 86; 101 86 110; 102 110 81; 103 81 106; 104 106 76; 105 76 101; 106 101 71; 107 71 91; 108 97 87; 109 87 111; 110 111 82; 111 82 107; 112 10777; 113 77 102; 114 102 72; 115 72 92; 116 98 88; 117 88 112; 118 112 83; 119 83 108; 120 108 78; 121 78 103; 122 103 73; 123 73 93; 124 99 89; 125 89 113: 126 113 84; 127 84 120; 128 109 79; 129 79 104; 130 104 74; 131 74 94; 132 100 90; 133 90 114; 134 114 85; 135 85 80; 136 80 105; 137 105 75; 138 75 95; 139 91 92; 140 92 93; 141 93 94; 142 94 95; 143 101 102; 144 102 103; 145 103 104; 146 104 105; 147 106 107; 148 107 108; 149 108 109; 150 110 115; 151 111 112; 152 112 113; 153 113 114; 154 96 97; 155 97 98; 156.98 99; 157 99 100; 158 115 111; 159 116 87; 160 116 115; 161 117 85; 162 118 80; 163 117 119; 164 119 118; 165 120 109; 166 120 119; 167 121 122: 168 122 123; 169 123 124; 170 124 125; 171 126 127; 172 127 128; 173 128 129; 174 129 168: 175 131 132; 176 132 133; 177 133 134; 178 134 167; 179 136 166; 180 137 138; 181 138 139; 182 139 140; 183 146 136; 184 136 160; 185 160 131; 186 131 156; 187 156 126; 188 126 151; 189 151 121; 190 121 141; 191 147 137; 192 137 161; 193 161 132; 194 132 157; 195 157 127; 196 127 152; 197 152 122; 198 122 142: 199 148 138; 200 138 162; 201 162 133, 202 133 158; 203 158 128: 204 128 153. 205 153 123; 206 123 143; 207 149 139; 208 139 163; 209 163 134: 210 134 170, 211 159 129; 212 129 154; 213 154 124; 214 124 144: 215 150 140: 216 140 164, 217 164 135, 218 135 130; 219 130 155; 220 155 125, 221 125 145; 222 141 142, 223 142 143; 224 143 144; 225 144 145; 226 151 152; 227 152 153; 228 153 154: 229 154 155; 230 156 157; 231 157 158; 232 158 159; 233 160 165; 234 161 162: 235 162 163; 236 163 164; 237 146 147; 238 147 148; 239 148 149: 240 149 150; 241 165 161; 242 166 137; 243 166 165; 244 167 135; 245 168 130: 246 167 169. 247 169 168! 248 170 139: 249 170 169; 250 171 172: 251 172 173: 252 173 174, 253 174 175; 254 176 177; 255 177 178; 256 178 179; 257 179 218; 258 181 182. 259 182 183, 260 183 184; 261 184 217; 262 186 216; 263 187 188: 264 188 189. 265 189 190; 266 196 186; 267 186 210; 268 210 181; 269 181 206; 270 206 176, 271.176 201; 272 201 171; 273 171 191; 274 197 187; 275 187 211; 276 211 182: 277 182 207; 278 207 177; 279 177 202; 280 202 172; 281 172 192; 282 198 188: 283 188 212; 284 212 183; 285 183 208; 286 208 178; 287 178 203; 288 203 173, 289 173 193; 290 199 189, 291 189 213; 292213 184; 293 184 220; 294 209 179; 1 Tat SEAD.PICE Neath Davao Teshnical Confers 93