{16 Pump applications & solutions pumps diven by standard motors, dry motor pumps, Figure 16.25, because ofthe higher efficiency In borderine cases between small and large plants it may be necessary to cary out @ comparative evaluation of the two types, Inthis comparison the question oftotl energy utlisation| shoulé deat influence the choice of pump. The dry pump ‘motorlosses.are radiated and convectedto the surouringalt, \whlstthe wet pump motor losses are almost entirely given upto the heating system media. ‘The folowing describes methods of evaluating the economic ‘aspects related tothe use of wet or dry motor pumps respec- tively — two extreme cases. Definitions and assumptions \When comparing wet rotor and dry motor pumps, its usual to refer to pump efficiency, np, whichis defined as the relationship between the input and output power, equation 16.1, the difer lence in the two values being equal fo the pump losses, equa tion 16.2 For pumps, the input energy is éefined as the required shaft in- put power, Por a8 the input electrical power supplied from the electric supply system forthe pump unit as a whole, the motor losses being also taken intoaccourt. The outputis usualy de fined as work dane, Pa, equation 16.3, ‘The motor effctency is defined as mechanical power output i- Ved by elecrical power output, the diferencebetween the two being mechanical ard electrical losses, see equation 16.4. In close coupled pumps the pump Power input and the motor Power eulput must be equal ‘The overall eficiency ofthe pump unit. ny, is obtained by mult- plying the motor effcency, my by the pump efficiency, nb, equa tion 165, Allthe losses in a pump unit, and even pump workis converted Intoheat and can be utlisedby the heating system. The pump utput power, Pi dssipated by friction which results in heal “The pump losses, Pye, ae converted inta heat within the pump. Ifthe pump unitis mounted within the heated space, the motor losses, Pw, are given up directly tothe surroundings. Inorderto make a proper comparison between various types of pump uni, account must be taken ofthe economic lationship of the heating fuel and the electical energy Supplied to the pump motor. In the folowing analysis the term “economic eff ciency", ne is used 10 represent tne relationship between the ‘output and input energy, with due consideration ta the specie energy costs ofthe losses, ‘The cost per heat unit extracted from the fuel, allowing for tre efficiency of theheating system, nis defined by"a"in equation 16.6 and the cos for electrical energy supplied by "bin equa tion 16:7, both values in cutrency/k Standard motor pump units Figure 16.26 lustrates the energy flow for a pump unit wth a standard motor and seal. The motor takes energy fram the electric supply system and supplies the pump with mechanical ‘energy via the shaft coupling, The motor energy losses are given up tothe surrouncings, see equation 16.4. ‘The mecharical power is converted into hydraulic energy, equation 16 3, and the pump losses, equation 16.8, are con- verted into heat and transferred tothe qui. \Whon calculating the "economic efficiency’ of aheating system using @‘dry’ pumpunit, then the uriteffiiency mustinclude the ump losses, equation 16.9. The energy costs related to the pump losses being the only losses which can be usefully ut lsed by the heating system. PY Neon sah omer PO Harte sumo at Seo enutons fey oxlnstons pws 1820 Energy Pow ea ora tert eter pump Peottexl Py upped ects power Fru pure ep Bi Birla emyioen Soe extn ost apanaton: Fave 1027 ery fow age fos wet ter motor pnp Wet rotor motor pump units Figure 1627 ilstrates the erery fow for a pump unt witha vetrotermotr large proportion ofthe energy consumesby {he moto isis by te heating system The greater prof the motorheat esses and he pump fiction losses are utsod by te plan a3 addtional Neat. "The heat losses dsipated to he surourding ae negligible ard neee not thereore, be ichded intro cacalatona. Phe “econome ficiency ofa werotor melo: pump unis obtained by cori fing he pump unt efcency and te vate of he actor heat sped, equaton 1610. Equations Pump output power _ P pump input rower ~ ne Equi6.1 P,, = Pump power input-pump power output PUMPING MANUAL International 353