The pume is narmaly riven by a steam turbine, out aectric notarscanalso beused. Due thansk ol Fre or explosion due tothe gases given off from ihe cruce al the purnp over must ‘ele ecated inthe pump room. Figure 16.36 lustales 2 nor zontal shaft pura instalation, The contol valve is used to reduce the flew doting the fina un loading stage, whi is necessary to ensure the tank is cor pletely emoted The valve is automaticaly controlled oy Ine Fevol nthe separator tank Tre norvraturn valve prevents oit Irom flowing backwards throug the pump when unloading s sioppee ‘Tha bulkhead acts a afrewallbetween the iwocom partments ‘space cousing is seo wim amecnanical sealo arevent as leakage. ‘Tne pumps ave normaly sizedo unload the vesse! complataly nnabour 24 hours. Thedelivery heaa requis purnp ol’ he ashore terminalis 120 0 180m. This results large pumps with heavy power consumption. up ta say 7 MWY per nelaigestvease's. Gleatgo pumps ng and viveading of water ballast. ‘Tha rok of explosion makes i essential hat all equine pai ol canerating sparks must he exciuded from the pup ‘eam ara the lenk spaces. Furnps should be fited with me: chanical seas, since slug boves can decome overheated During installation, atowance must be made for the move- ments which lake place i the Ful, The shaft coupling should be able 10 absorb minor musalignments between purmp and orien, ‘Smaller tankers for finished products A.characlerisic ol vessels of tis ypeis their abilty to anspor 8 areal umeer of ferent kins oF laid cargoes. The carga space in smaller tankers is also dived into smal tanks, the umber varyingin relation othe cesign ane sie of he vessel 2s the Gaige ston consists of @ numer of diferent igus vabich must not be me # corsmon unicadng system cannot PUMPING MANUAL international 35 umpns unt Fyre 1640 Ryrncayenee ven scbmarae pire be used, Instead every lank sproviced uth a pump ots oan, which Dearing a mine therisk of explosion should De hydraul aly powered. Also, hydremic equ pment can be easier to pro lect agains the ravages of a marine environment. Ir order to lisp yineta’ ato, Ihe pumping untis submersed inthe lewd. The outline srawrgin Figure 16 40 shows the pum instal tion na tank ‘The pumping wl cone:sts ofa centatuga pump andl ahya-au lemotor The sucton connection af the pump is betwouthed ancits entrances close lo tne potomof inetank. The capaciy tthe pump is determines bythe voume tne tank. The ce W fry head 1879 10 150m Tre delive'y pipe andintermeshate suppor orcolurm are cross braced to rach alner to inrease rgidty 376 reduce vibration ( laiger vessels of tus kind te distance Datwean the cock andthe polars f the tank's about 16m. nad to feed ane return pipes forryérauio, te interreciate suapor also cen: tans ages fer sealing laud ‘consian flow valve maintains the flow of ol 9 he hygraulc motor which means thatthe aump operates al a constant speadineupendenty ofthe load, The hydraulic motor als tans devices fer the remote eantal of ne puma Saeed. The pumping unit's supplied with hycreule ol from a power pace vwricn can supply alto several purnps, The ol pressure ihe hyeraul motor feed pipe s normally “60 to 280 Darg. Since the carga may consist of righ corosive meta, the ma ‘erial of pats in contact with iquies mus! be given special cr sideration. The sealing of pump shat, wh ch must funtion in iguics with varying srogeries, alse deserves special atten. Thebreakdownota punp with aans‘ullothquie raises ciicul ties wilnrespect to rapia‘epair Far such eventuates parable pumas must be avaisble for emplying and Mushing aut tanks LNG carriers Considerable quantities of LNG are ranspered from px fers fo consumers. LNG usually consists maslly el roathane $0 ‘hel quted gasmustbe slored atsemperaturesarours 160°C atatmaspherc prossure The material requrements for aor alingat such tow temperatures are welknown, The main pro lem with pumging such cole I quids is ensuring the pump units cooled sufficient fs the hquie gas to remain quia This problem can be solved by using submargee pumps inthe tanks and specially adapted canned moter pumps have been cevegped. Astha complete pump unitis surrcuneed byt fa