KYJITYPHO HACHEJCTBO XIX-XX-XXI (1992/93/94) CULTURAL HERITAGE XIX-XX-XXI (1992/93/94) CKOMNJE 1996Opurmanen waysen mpyn Kyar. nacsen. 930.85(497.17) «.7-36(1996) ‘YANK 72.032.6:628.1]001 36(497.17) PaHoaHTHKH cTpaTemiku OyHapu - Kyu Bo Bpa3ya Kaj Cxomje u Kyexje Kaj Cs.Huxose Sopa TEOPTHEB PenyOnnikn saoy 2a saurrura Ha cnomennunre na Kyarypara - Cxonje Equa on Kpynaure way4HH saraTkH BO BpCKA CO panoaNTHYKHTe HacenOH ON TepTopujara Ha PenyOnka Maxegounja mpetcrasysa OrsopexoTo mpalliaise 34 Ha‘IMHOT Ha HHBHOTO HeKOraIIO OGesGenysame co Bona. ChopexOenaTa anamisa Ha ABe sHavajHN a pencsaNTHH apxeonomKH orxpuruja ro pagpemyna Toj npoOnem. Panoantuuxure yroprenm nacen6x Kaj Hac, no MpaBw1o, HapacHame Bp3 ocraTouMTE ON TocrapH Hacen6u, KOK Gnie sacHonaHH yuITe BO 2KeneS- nloro ppeme (VII-VI nex mpen m. e.), ma, Bo eym- ‘TuHa, npeTcranypaaT xpoHomouIKM BrOpa, Ky2 ‘TYPHO TOBHCOKa, CONPKUHCKA MoGoraTa H, Boe Ho, MlOcneRHa eTaNla Of KOHTHHYspaHOTO AKHBECHE a OTH oKaxM HHS pesnon yemMOr T MACHR pen te., C8 NO BPeMeTO Ha PHMCKHTE OCBOjyBa- wa. Topaqw Toa, paxoaurmuxure Hacen6u HenocpemHo ja Hacnequxe OcHoBHaTa mpenHeno- sunnja Ha npoToncropHcKara onGpanGena KOH- nentiija - mecronoroxGaTa Ha BosBMINeNMja Hay, paGosmre Ha anysujamuure pews Tepacn, KeKon- xy nam nonexe neceTHHH MeTpH Haq OxMcKuTe peumm Kopwra, Ha paxsire penaTHBHO HaBHITeHH apxeououku Haofanmuira, oGpaGenm co crpMH NagMHH On cHTe cTpaHH, Nocera He ce oTKpHeNH MNCTasANNM 3a HOBOR Ha BONA OM MONATeHHH #3BO- PH, KaKBH WTO OROWHa craHane BOOGHIACHH Kaj HopHTe ypOaHn arnomepanun on puMcKaTa entoxa. Weto aka, wena Tparoni HUTY Of HeKOramIHO o- croeme Ha UMcTepHM 3a aKYMyzanmja Ha aTMo- cibepexa ona, KAKBH mITO ce HeCTH Kaj NONHOaH- THIKHTE H cpenHOBeKOBHHTe yrspaysata. Orra- My, @ co ormen max Ha ¢axTor neKa Kaj panoan- ‘THUKHTe HacezGH peyOBHO Gur BIOKyBaH romeM TPYR, MHOTY Bpeme H cpencTBa 3a rpajieHe Ha ON- GpauGenn Genemn BxomK nepmMeTapoT Ha Hace- aeHaTa NOBpUINHa, HOTHYHO ce HaMeTHyRa KOH- KpeTHOTO mpatiaise: Ha Koj Hann THe yrBpleHH Hacen6n Gue mpenenTHBHO OGesGeneHK co crpa- ‘TemKa BoRa, HeoMxomHa 3a ONICTAHOK BO YcnOBH Ha MpeTnocraseHo m peastHo Boeno oncenHyBarbe, Ges xoja cbopracbmkannicknre cHcremu ja ryGar cpo- jara noxontopowna saurrura RenoTBopHocT (KAKO ocHosHa cbyHKuija) # ce mperpopaar Bo HecHTyp- 4a, aypu Gecmmenena minecramaja? Ova mpamare ocoGeHo ce onsecyBa 3a ronemmTe HacenGn, TO- TaMIHH TpafOBH, CO yIOra Ha eKOHOMCKO-cTO-TAHCKH, AMERNCTPATHBNO-YOpABHK M BOCHH 1eH- ‘TPH BO OEM MUKPopernoun, on WH} duSHIKH On1cTaHOK Bo KPHSHH MOMeHTH MHOrY sabucemTa Ha- TaMoumiara cyAGHtia Ha TOUMpoKH Honpasja WIK Ha onpenesienm reo-crparemku HenuHH. Tipu yenonu Ha noseke on craGa Herpaxenocr, onuocHO HoBpUIHO MosHABAIGe Ha apxeonouTKuTe AOKAAMTETH Of| BAKOB BUA H BO HepocTaTOK Ha ‘coonseTHH ememeHTH 3a AUcKYcHja, oKOMY npobie- MoT 3a BoROOBes6eRYBaILETO BO paHOTO aNTHYKO Bpeme Kaj Hac BoommTo He € pacnpapano. Ha- npocro, o8oj BaxeH cermeHT of Torammiara rpay- cka HAM, NoROGPO pereHo, hopruduKanvexa HH sbpacrpyxtypa croeiie HagBop on Mapruuure Ha Romauttara crpysHo-HaysHa mucna. [lo Toj cre- en, urro - Ke ce BURM Of HaTaMoUHOTO HsmaraIbe ~ Hpex HeKonky ronmaH Genre nponyurrena mppata ykaxkawa MpHAHKa MpaBHaHO Ha ce onlceppHpa H RPOTOAKYBa EHO pesteBaNTHO apxeonoMKo oT- kpurne. Henec neke moxke na ce ronopy a pike apxeonout- Ki OTKputHja KOM janaaT ersaKTeH opronop Ha Tope nocraneworo npamame. Crasypa 360p 3a na rpamexnn O6jeKTH, Mefyce6Ho ananoru, KOR ce OTKonaHM Ha Be PaHOaHTHYKH HacenOM uITO ja waste TOKMY yzoraTa Ha perHonanHn NeRTpH - ennuior Bo Cxoncxata KoTAMHA, omMpan Ha pot Tpanuurre Kaj c. Bpasna (10 xm cenepio og Cxo- nije), a apyruor Bo Osue Tlone, wa panor Kpammu- ‘Te Kaj c. Knewje (4 xm jyrosanagno on Ca. Hixo- ae). O6jexror Bo Bpasna sexe #e nosnar Ha crpysHo = MaysHata jasHocr. Beure orkomai Bo 1986 roqu- Ha, @ Bo cTpyaHara aMTepatypa e npeseHTupax co MnenTHuxanuja cropex Koja Toj npercrasysa MonyMeHTamHa BaaeTencka rpoOHHa, onWocHO rpoGua Memopaja, on V-IV nex mpeg H. e.' Of py- Fa erpauia, nax, axanoranor o6jeKT Koj Geme orkona Bo Kuexje ona romuna’, ase MepaTop- "H. Muxynuark - B. Coxononcxa, 1990, 79 - 90, * Apxeonouoto mekonynatie Ha 20K. Tpagnunre xaj Kne- 2xje aime saurrurest kapaxrep. Beule #aepmiewo 80 opra- usauja wa PenyGauvkoT san0g 2a 2aurrira Wa cTOMeHK- unre Ha KyTypara, no nepoRoT oR 13.04 jo 05.06.1994 ro- S3OPAH TEOPTHEB: Panoarrxn erpateurcn 6ynapt Hit HOK3aTeNH, Co TeXHHA Ha HecOGopnHBH apry- MeHTH, Reka HeronaTa HameHa Gwia Bo AMpeKTHa BpcKa co hoprucbikannickHOT cHicTeM H co oGe3- Gepysawero Ha Bona. KoucexpeTHo, nocnennoTo orkpurue ja noxpenysa notpeGara 3a pesuauja Ha ‘Tesava OKONY HaMeHaTa H KapaxTepoT Ha OGjeK- Tor Bo Bpasta, yurre noseke nopagu Toa miro s- ‘Ty bo 1986 roxuta, mmTy nak npH nojouHexuMTe Herpaxypatea (1988, 1989, 1993.) no o6jexror on Bpaaya M oKony wero He Gea Hajenn uBperH 10- xa3n Kou 6u ja onpanqane HeropaTa menTupuKa- uuija Kako rpoOuuua’. TyKa Ke Hanpaname cnopen- ex ocepr Bp3 ocHosnuTe apxuTexToHckm KapaK- TepHCTHKH Ha Bara OGjeKTH H BPS cymITMHICKHTE Noequuoctu Kou ja onpenenypaaT HuBHATa HaMe- ma. 1. Omura n noceOum Kapaxrepueraxn wa rpanOure Beke Ha nps norneg, oGjexrwre on Bpaana # on Kuexje umaat saequmaka ommra Kapaxrepuc- ‘raxa. Tpen c8, o6ara ce co mpapoaronua ociopa, Gara uMaaT uMnosanTen raapuT u oGata ce ¢bysmmpann y1aoKo non nospumuara wa TepeHoT (Ca. 102). Brarpemsurre jmmenauu Ha rpax6ara no Bpagya ustecysaar 7,24 x 5,05 m, a nagpopeur- ute 9,70 x 8,65 m‘. Objexror Bo Knexje e aua- wna. Tepeuexara crpycia exuna ja cosmnypaa apropor ma j TeKcT u apxeonoror B. Kaxeona on PenyGawskwor 38- Box 3a samrrura, xaxo w apxeonoror C. Janes on Mysejexa 6upxa - Cs. Huxone, * Co raxna wewrnduKanja nocera objexror © npeaewru- au # 80 coomureuueTo Ha B. Cokononeka Ha 13. Koarpec a CAJYJ no Bearpay 1988 ronmia, Kaxo it 80 umcpopmarin- surre Texctosm na T. Maxynai (1989 w 1992), Hacnporn Toa, BHR ro KPITHKO - oReMHHOT Hane Ra 3. Teop- rwen “Hua am sragarenexa rpoSia wo Bpaana?!*, Tyne, 13.05.1994, 36 - 37, ‘Heerpamysaxore (H1. Muxysvu - B. Coxononexa, ¥.1,,82) 38 Maqnopeuiva uMpowuua Ha oGjeKror ja Ravaat aN- Menajara 6,60 w, u:To sepojatno npeteranysa newarapeKa pera, Guzejéx na srarpemnara unmposunia of 5,05 M Tpe- 66a na ce nopagat pa naTH n0 1,80 M, KONKY uITO HWsHecyBa ‘eGennnara na sHxoneTe.Kysr. nacneg, 6p. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032. 6:628.1]001.36(497.17) 9 surrenHo norosent: BHaTpe € MIRPOK 5,45 mM, omHa- pop 9,05 M, a couyBanara RomKHHa My HsHeCyBa 12,50. (waqpopenmo). Lenoxynnara ReKoramma OMUHA Ha ono] OGjeKT Ocranysa HenosHaTa, OH- nejkn np nexonysaisero He Geute Hajnen 4eTBp- ‘mor (norecex!) sia, Koj ja 3aT8opaa rpanGara om jyroucrowmara erpawa. Toj sim Ona dbynnupan ua HOBHCOK TepeH HBO MHHATOTO GHA HeMOCKO pas- rpanen. JleGemmara Ha ocranaTHTe TpH sia € He- ‘Ta Kako kaj oOjexTor Bo Bpasma (1,75 - 1, 80m), rTo, on eta erpala, HaMeTHyna orHNen saKny- Nok jeKa oGjexTor no Knexje Mopa a Oust Cape ga OKOmY ABA METH MORON, a OR Apyra crpaxia, jaba MHOTY narkeH HONATOK eKa 4a OGeTE rpanGH Ona npumener cocema ner crannap mpH smna- OGara objeKrH ce cocrojar ox HeTH byHKIUO- HaHo - KOHCTPYKTHBHM eHOBH H, Ges ManKy, maar neva opranusanuja (Ca.5 A-B). Buarpent- Hocra Ha o6jeKror Bo Kuexje conpxn Tpit ene MeHTH: KRappaTHa uraxra co mUMEHSHH 5,45 x 5,42 x (rope), nocranexa Ha C/3 erpana; usnaneno WOKse OKO SHAOBHTE H CKANH KO BORAT AO Imaxrara No Wesara mHpownHa Ha BHATpeMTHOCTA, sacaxajéu Be TpeTHEN om mpoctopor. Topazn bakBaTa IMpONHa Ha cKanHTe, mpeTnocranyBaMe eka Bo sumor MIT HeyocracyBa Ka JM etpana Mopano 7a MMa joa IIMpOKH HIM TPH TOTeCEH nnezonst, Loxnero aanownyea Ha znaGounna 3,80 M lO KPYHHUITETO Ha HajRoGpo couyBaHHOT sum (ox-Hocko cca 5,5 M nox 3aTeKHATOTO MHBO Ha Te pewor), a ce mporera oKony Tpit sHoBH, HeTa- nybajkt on HuBHaTa pannnna 3a 8 - 12 cM. BacoKo © 35 cm. Ton Hero, sajosure weranysaaT Has- narpe yurre 9a 30 - 35 em, Taka nITo, co naxnoTo mBojo npoumpyBamwse Ha sHloBHTe, MaxTaTa € On ‘pH crpaun crecHera Hagomy, 3a mpocesHO 45 ca. Ha wersprara crpana sanowmysaar ckamHTe Toa ‘TaKa INTO Ta3MINTETO ON MPROTO CKATHTO ZEKM Ha cra HuBexeTa co ropHHoT paG wat{KaeTo. Tpe- xy caenuure 21 cxanuno ¢ copmanana BHeHHCKA pasnuxa on 5,15 m. O6jexror no Bpasya ru uma erute onHe KoMmO- HeHTH, co Taa pasiuka WTO THe ce Manky NoHHaKy Ancnonmpann. Tyka NenoKynHMoT mpoctop Mefy sugosirre ony saBpmtysa co npanoaronHa wraxra, V ryxa mocpenyna woKne (usnaneno 12 cm npex bharpenmmrre anna i BICOKO 30 cm), HOA KOC HCTO ‘Taka caequ creciysare Hanomy 3a ymrre 18 - 20 cm on cure enpann’. [lo mraxrara novo Taxa ce crery- Ba HO CKaH, HO HK Bpara uITO e OTROPEHA BO cpeaunara ua nopoarnor jyxen sug. Ckanure BoRaT onNaABOP (CONYBAHH ce camo HajRomAMTe cr ckamusa Mefy HOBparHMINTe On BEIT), a crpmuara Kondburypanuija Ha TepeHor, jy%HO On oGjexror, jacHo crana Wa sHaete NeKa Hexorant Mopazo ja HMa yulITe HeKOMKy eceTHIH ckamiTa Kon poyexe Harope lo CTpMHMHaTa, BepojaTHo KOMOWHMpAHH CO KACKANKO HocTaREHM MaTdop- MH, OM KOH enHa NexH Mpen BIesOT. Tlosaxpara nocrasexocr Ha Bies0nnTe W ckaztH- ‘Te BO OMHOC Ha HaylomKHaTa OcKA OR FpanGuTe BcylIHOcT mpeteranysa Hajronemara pasmika 10- Mefy mn. Taa pasnuka Ona pMKTApaHa OF MOx- HocTHTe ITO Ha rpaqwrenTe HM rH RonyuITaT HeMfeNTITIHHOT peajed) Ha MAKPOTOKaNMMITe, OF enti crpava, Kako H On oTOXxGaTa Koja ObjeK- Tre Mopasie ja ja wMaaT BO OCHOE i HHBHIETe OAGpaNGeHH Genenm, O Npyra cTpatta, Bo ockona, pasnuKara HeMa CYINTHECKO sHAaYeHe, Onnejém, Kako mro moHaTaMy Ke BUAHME, ran- HMOT cnemenT po ¢ynkuujara Ha oGere rpanGu Guna maxrara, a Taa € coceMa CTO peueHa BO o6ara caysan. Oua mro MoxeOn HajMHory mpHemexypa BHHMA- Hie Ha MpB MOrep €, ceKaKo, MonyMeHTamHHOT marnen, Koj Ha onne oGjexrm M ro Rapa rpanex- nor onyc. Bo o6ara enyuan, simarbero € wsnene- HO CO FONeMH, NpABHHO HIREMKAHK KBANEPH ON $ Sa moxero nerpaxkynaturre ro ynorpeGnine repyamior "ne- neu” (HL. Maxynumk - B, Coxonoscka, 1,82), Koj © coves ecoogeren, Gunejka Kaj axriskiere rpanGu x nooTtTO BO apxurexrypara co To] TepMuM ce OaHayBa eneMeHT Koj ro orpatiya siAHOTO ILIaTHO rope, a HUKaKO ozy. Bo Bpa- 11a, 080) apxirrexToneKH{ enemeNT uxa YEpaceH Na, Ha MET aso Ha Koj Ce YKpaceM M SHAHHTe MaTHa Way, Hero. Co vu roj oGpasyna enuucruewa susyenuo - ecreTeKa Wena, lurTo TepMawonOWKH ro onpeneayBa KAKO HOKME.10 KaMeH, MPeMISHO PeNeHH BO XOPHSONTANHK ojacH Co pasnH4nin MMPOYHEH Ko anTepHpaar (Kaci set opus quadratum). Tlomefy nara o6jexra nocrou pasmuka no ¢pinaz- Hara NopaGorka ta munara on 6n0KoBHTe. Cexa- Ko, Taa Gnla HajHenocpemHo yenowenta on pasmH- anre ku upuGnwxna upericrana KonKas oem wa noxroT- bureman paGoTH rpeGano fa ce mpesemar npex na ormoune camara HarpaaGa. Bo o6ara enyuaut, Mopaiio ja ce HanpaBH HcKOM OM mlecT nH nOReRE METH Bo ANaGOUMKHA, a Ha NoBpuMNa sHayNTEMHOCIMPOKa Of| [MMEHSHHTE Ha OCHOBHTE Ha OGjeK- raze. TpeGano ma ce akTHBnpaaT Kamenonowir SE. ako THe Beke MOcTOee, sHATEAHO 7a ce 3a- [EI MMBHOTO eKe™oaTHpame. HeomxonHo 6x70 ce obeaGenaT TeXHMYKH cpeneTBA 3a ROBTEKY- same Wa HeKOMKy mt nonege majanh MacHBRH saMenn Gxoxonit', Ha qameuma on 10 4 13 eM Krexkje), onwocno 23 xm (Bpasna). OGemor wa SaXBHTE AKTUBKOCTH OCeOHO MoaFa NO Hspas ako iia mpeneny eka THe He Guxe mpesemenn ca- sco 3a MarpanGata Ha OBHE OOjeKTH TYKY H 3a HCTO- BDEMeHO MOAHFHYBARE Ha CemeMCKH ONGpaHGenH pitta Hloxpaj Hp, 9a Kon Ke crate 3Gop nozory. ‘Teomonsre 3a HaGanka, onlpxkYBaibe H aMOpTHsa- # amaT ce HoApasGupaar. Ha MHOTY xes1e3: Cexaxo, norpeGuu Gune Matepujanun spequocTH, 32 HOXMMpyBarbe Ha aHTaxupanHre apXHTETKTH Ht aimpHKYBaNH MajcTopH, KAKO H OrpoMHa pa- ‘oTHa ema, Koja, KONKY - Tony, 3a ceTO Bpeme -zpeGazo ja ce onpxyna Bo paGorHa KoHmMja. 3a sero Toa Gua mpen cé norpeOHa upera oprans- anuj, Koja KaKO erammo cpencrBo BepojaTHo ro aaa H MpanoTo Ha Mpuuysa. ‘3nawi, OGeMoOT Ha BaKBUOT aHTaxkwaH TOBOH Ae Xa 2a HuBecTHTOpHTe OBHe rpaNGH Gwe HEOGHY- EO BOXKHH, OAHOCHO ReKA THE MOpa la Mase TaK- aa chymxtuja Koja Ow ja onpapzypana naoxenara sumecrumprja. Orramy, jacio e eka Hi H3G0por Ha SoKamujara sa rpayeme He Oust mpenymres Ha srywajocra, amx 61 Hanpanen Bo dasa Ha nper- NOIHO ypOaHUCTHUKO THaMparbe Ha OBME PaHoaH- siren rpajtosn. Toj w3Gop ceKaKo Gua qMKTHpaHt ox Haenara na oGjeKTHTe, a 3a sanOBONYBame Ha ompegenena norpeba, Koja, ownrTenHO, Kaj OGeTe saceaOn Owna cra. 3aToa € noTpeOHo HajKanpen a BUNIMMe KakDa MecrononoxGa MMaaT OOjeKTHTe Ha npimep, camo no siguIMBTe ma OM sHAOBITE HBO xamnTe wa objexror no Kuewje usta oxony 500 6noxosH, Ha Toa rpeGa ja ce noane neyrapreumor Gpoj na GxoKosH- co Kou e oGsiwlana GyuapeKara waxTa, ToTOa HemsBeC- tor Gpoj 60KoBH on tenocko pasrpanenior IH sin, wen- Becaor Gpoj ot HexoramiNaTa HaeMHa naprija Ha O6- Jexror, Kaxo 1 6pojor a chenepwuinere oS xpuieN SzoKoBH Bo sue janpa suacnex, Gp. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) uu Bo OMHOC Ha MaTHHHHTe HacenOH, RanH BO TOj orien noctojar copnafara n urTo € Toa mopant koe THe Oiie HorpaneHH Ha NocTojamiTe, a He Ha HeKOH ApyrH TOKANAH. Bo Knexje © muory jacxo Bnanmpa HeKoramuara hopracbuxanncka pawka on paxoanTHaKHOT rpan, Gnaronapejku ua Tepenickara Kombarypanyja w Ha MapkawTunTe, nevec cé yurre BHANHBH neurranKu HACHTH Of SeMja, NO KOH HeKoram ce MpoTerane GeReMCKHTe SHROBH BROTK eMHOT nepumeTap, Toa Ges Temkoruja onosMoxKyBa AYPH HANK ja ja uxcupa nosuumjara ua TyKaMIHHOT O6jeKT. O6jexror ce Haofa Bo camnoT ceBepo-sananex xpaj Ha HacenGara, HemocpeqHo Ro muHMjaTa Ha onOpanGennor sim (Koj Gun gyxaupax Bps Hac mitre, @ cera Hejocractysa), Taka urro nlonpesHo ce Mormupan Ha HeropoTo mMue, on BHATpeMIaTa cerpana. Kora Ke ce norsese naxor # penjebor wa Hacen6ara (Ca. 3), Ke ce BHRM ReKa OOjeKTOT € naneKy on Haceaenara monpumtHa (ocobeHo on akpomtonara) #, yIITe MOR@®KHO, leKa Toj TeKK BO anconyTHo HajHHcKaTa TonorpadcKa TOUKa On nospminuata Koja ¢ omarena co onGpanen Genem. Ta nosmmuja cron TouRo HacnpoTH 1aKoT on Haj6mickHor Meanjap urTo ro mpapH Kuewka Pexa cenepxo of Genemckara smMHuja, Ha onane- ewocr of camo 40 merpu. Osue napamerpu Gea josommn 3a neke Bo MpBHOT eH Of HcKOMYBaReTO, NpakTINHO yuITe Mpen Aa Guat orkonaHi KpyHMUrTaTa On SHROBHTE Ha OO- jexror, na mpetmocrasmme Reka Keronara «byHK- uuja Gua Bo Bpcka co oGexGenynamero Ha BORA. Tlo 1px cemmmms, Kora on BHaTpemTHocTa Ha O0- jexror Geme orerpaneT cor HaHoc mTo ro He- Nomuypate, no wlaxrata wa6H noRseMHAa BORA, Ha HHBO Off HajHHCKOTO CKAMTHO, ONOCHO BO HBO CO TopuHOT paG on NOKNeTO OKORY uaxTaTa, Me- pelkeTo co reoxercKM HHETPYMeNT MOKaxAa NeKA paGoT Of HOKIETO eEKH Ha HETA KOTA CO HHBOTO Ha BORaTa BO KopaTOTO Ha KnemKa Pexa (sonH0 Hino Bo ampa-Maj 1994). Co Toa, Haramommoro WcKonysame BO maxTaTa Gemte onesosMoxeno (He HOMOTHa HH HCUpHyBa- HeeTO Ha HoMlaTa CO MoTOpHA NYMIa, Ha Ba HaBpa-2 ‘m), Ho nysicruparero co 2kemesHa MpaKa MOKA 2ka jleKa SHOBHTe Ha WaxTaTa OMaT BO ATAGONHHA yurre najsanky 1,65 Metpi nox mmpoTo Ha BonaTa. Kakna e cocroj6ara no Bpasna 1 jain Tamoumiyot OGjekr - co HeTH apXHTEKTOHCKH exteMeNTTH Kako oxoj Bo Kuexkje - Moxem ja wma tlomaxBa waMe- a, onMOCHO na On rpoGuna? Hexoaxy roxuum npex oTKpunaxsero Ha TO} 06- jexr, Geuze oGjanex roworparbexm npuxas wa rpa- jumirero kaj Bpasga, co may wa aHTHaKaTa na- cenGa, ta Koj ce MpHKaxkaHH HejsmnoT MepHM ‘ap H TpacuTe Ha onGpanGenure sunosn’. Cuopea ‘Toj ruiaH, cenepHHoT paG Ha HacenGara sano4nysa on Kapmure Ha sanaqnara erpaHa on panoT, roToa npanut ronem "3a6" crypen KOH ceRep m, npeKy ejleH jacHo BHRTHD SiN, CKPUIHyBa KOH jyroHCTOK, uckasypajkn ce narope Kou akponorara, OGjex- ToT WTO Geule NogouHa oTKoNAH ce Haje cenepo- samtaqHo of Taa muBja, Ha 20 no 40 MerpH ORC ka MJOXIMNCa, ORHOCHO HanBop Of NOBpUIAHATA Ha pavoanrwiknor rpaq Koja € HasHaNiena Ha TIaHOT, He aiaeme jan nakpara OKonHOcT 3a HcTpaxkysa- ‘unre npercranysasia apryMeH nopeke Bo npHor via mmenrucbuxanjara miro THe ja fame Be TORK ‘uit no Bropara nerpaxynayKa KaMrama’, Ho, noa- fajku on RaMMemmMara ma MpOYeHKa TeKa 06- jexror Bo Bpasna wemam rpoGen TykKy etporo yriuurrapen Kapakrep (1lopafi io, TOrHsHO, To} Mopan la ce Haofa BHaTpe, a He HaRBOp On Hacer Gara) 1 mwajkm ja Bo BAX onmmanaTa jacua cryanja no Kuexkje - kako norspaa 3a wenpai Hocra Ha JaMHemHara npoueHka, upeTuocrasus neka uetpaxypaire wa Bpasna we ro cornenare NeMOKYMHHOT OEM Ha TOKAMHTETOT, OMHOCHO Ne > HL. Muxyasik, 1982, 21 - 22, Ca. 5 * Cnopen erpaxynasurre (HI. Mukysig - B.CoKononcka, ux. 84," (hopmara H yuMeRDINTe Ha GroKouiTe, uuBHATA Spojocr H Has Ha OGpaGorKa, KAKO M MIKO - HomoxGaTa smgunuspane exvia rpoSrma". Visqimujara cexaKo ce ont yma Ha apeMeTo Kora oTOGHalle NeTpaxysaiara. Ho co yacte Herpakynankn Kanmaisa (1986 1988 roguma) Gea COnkPHEHH cHrTe CORP:KHH Ma OOjeKTOT, Taka mITO TloMeTHATA ja ne Moxkeme na Gye M HaTaMy eMMNCTBENMOT KPI ‘repay 3a nexernepuxanja SOPAH PEOPTHEB: Panoanruen erpateurx Oynapn, a Ha TepeHoT Mopa fla Ma Tpari HAH OCTaTOUH on onGpanGen sim Wa TloMMcKa H3OxuCa, Koj ro omaxan o6jexror W To BoRMeKYBam BO Hacez- Gara, EnemexTH 3a Takba fpetiiocraska nocroeja yurre no 1986 ronmma. Miveno, nounysajén on /3 arom Ha objeKTor, 1la BO MponomkeHNe KOH yr, ‘Toraur Geme oTKoNaH Ha 20 MeTPH Ros SH, CO JIN Of eMKAN TpanepriicKH GAOKOBH H jaApO on pesen Kamen m rasa. Toj SH, co mmpornna 2,30 M, neymHocr € 3a 0,50- 0,70 noMMpOK On SK- ROBIFTe Ha caMHOT OGjeKT, TaKa ITO € coceMa BK HenTHO eka mpereranyna npeocrawara remesmHa mapruja on GejleMcKoro matHo (kypTHHa), Koe ss CIS nannna 1 \yirraxio 0 arostor a o6jextor". Hicro Taka, ne On BaKos si Gemle BHAAMB HOM APYraTA cTpaHa Ha OGjeKTOT, NOHY- naj on wagpopeumuor CIM arom, na 80 nponox- xxenme Haq 12 4 KOH HeTOR", puyor ce Tipu equa o6uKonxa wa rpaumrero Kaj Bpasna, Hampanenia co tem TeMeaHo Na ce peKorHocHupa cenepiara naqMHa of por, 3apanH morope HaHe~ cenara mpeTnocranKa, To HajyoB 1 AOKyMeHTHpaD MpORONeTOKOT ON GeAEMCKHOT SH MT ce MIpO- eran 70 C/M aron na o6jextor. Sujor ce rena Ha onicoxa 3oxHmIca, of MECTOTO Kaye HITO MOT nynan jla ce enyurra KOC HHS cTpwHaTa manHKa KOH OGjeKTOT, Ha omnanexeHocr o7 120 M HeTOUHO. Toj ce mporera na nonmcka wsoxwtca on GeneM- cxara mmunja Koja ¢ osnaena Ha nianor of 1982 Togmma. Hamecra co pasrpaneno ame, a Hameca couypaH Jo ee MeTap Han nompurHaTa Ht OGpac- Har co RereTampija, TeMemOT Of SHOT Moxe KOH- ‘THHYMPAHO ja Ce CHEM HATAMY KOH CeBEPONCTOK HW MCTOK, BO RomAuNA Hay 220 MerpH. Camo Hero- ° Verpaxynavurre (M. Muxymsk- B.Coxonoucxa, 1.1, 84) ro unenysaar onoj sig Kako samrwren (napanereH), mpe- uwampajiin nexa oj ¢ warpage Bp “eTHpH merpH AeGen {Genes on naSuena rma. Hejacno e urro noxpas6upaar non "Genem", Gnejin To] Hacnn ce Haofa nog axTusKOTO HHBO Ha TepeHiot, a HecoonReTHK ce M TepMHMTe "aaurrHTeN” “nopaneten”, Gnjejku ce paGoru 4a ocrarox of RomiaTa napraja Ha Genenckara kypraa, ™ Verpaxysaturre RoomuITO He ro enoMnysaar ova CeneM- ‘exo pune.ser nucneg. 6p. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1}001.36(497.17) 13 ‘a aroma napraja mpex cKpulHyBameTo Ha sconmaTa eTpania Of PHOT € HleMOCHO pasyprata woxe na ce Bin Ges HcKonynaie. cto Ta- ea OM BayIH (jocera NenoKyMeHTupaH) Ge- cm su HMA H Ha J/3 MaRHHa ON PUT: H TO} oTera Ha MlOHHCKa MSOXHMIca, a OMHpa jo 110- ‘OKOT Of| OcHOBATa Ha KapmecTHMOT rpeGeH, co mopena cboprucpmkanucKara pamka Ha ax (smn rian na Cx.4). Cnopeg Toa, cera neke Moa a ce KaKe WeKa GesuMeHMOT paHoaHTHaKH 3 xaj Bpagna ondbaiam Bo pamkn Wa Genemmre 0 6 xexrapH nospumHa (Ge3 nonrpanuero Ha vamara crpawa), a He 3,5 XekTapH KaKo mTO MpaKaHo oGjaneHo", Ham nospumma on 4,5 pu cTLOpeN MOFONHEKHATA HeOSpasnoxena sseHKa" 27m, Ha TepeHOT NOCTOM BHALIHB OKaI NeKa O5- ‘oT ce Haofa Ha camara GenemcKa MBA, KAKO -aNeH H OPTaHICKH BAH jest Ha ORGPAHGEHHOT =. Co ApyrH 3Goponu, coceMa WeHTHIHO KAKO ‘Kuexje. Baxnara oxomsocr nexe cama no ceGe sopaawrenwa 3a meHTuduKanujara criopen Koja ror no Bpaaga uman rpoGew xapaxrep, Coetmre Gaxra cocema ja emlacupaar raxsara rruchuxannja: 2 Oj6exror crow roo HacnporH MecToTO Kane ‘scranynaat Uywepexa (Paymrka) Pexa pexa- 2 Bpaama, wa onmanewenoct of 60 MerpH, # Toa x2 mITO Ha Taa AucTaRHa rpanGara € On ABE oGmKoseHa co pessitre Kopura (Ca. 4); LIypn “on oko" Moxe fla ce mponeHH jeKa ‘s1eTO M ropHara Kora Ha wlaxTaTa BO OGjeKTOT aofaat na j1aGouNHa eAHAKBa CO HNBOTO Ha autre KopHTa. Mamysruni, 1982, 22. fscpaxynacarre (V1. Munysré -B. Coxonovexa, #.1.,79) ‘aT oGpasnoxenue wps ochona wa W:to ja aroneMy- ‘Soapumtiara Ha noxauuretor 3a ened xexrap. TIpetno- ‘sew sjeka nla crapwor mpemep (3,5 Xa) ro ogame camo ‘POT Jo HOMOOTKPHEHHOT OOjeKT, NOTPeMIHO MMTE}EH ‘raf mpocrop om ceneprata erpana 611 3aTRopeH co {:2:57 So} 0} akportonsra erpatio ce cnyurra KoH ObjekTOr. ‘Tyka © Heonxogno a ce 3aqpxAMe m pps mpama- "noauo nuno” Kaj onoj o6jeKr, Ounejéu Toa e TeCHO NOBpsaHO co MReHTHd>HKANH- jara mro ja name uerpaxysaunre. Cnopen mB, Monox6ara Ha “NoxHOTO HHRO" € HarnaceHa co uaqaqenMor "ABOeH BeHeN” OKonY suoBHTe” (scyumocr noxneTo). HasonHo, nonor 611 on Ka- MeHM nno4M - GnOKOBH KOM Hasernysane Bps HenycTOT Of "JOmHHOT BeHeN" ( uTO GH sHaIETO Reka nuownre Gute xeGem KOKY BHCOWHHaTa Ha “ropanor nexen” - 0,30 mt), a KOH, nak cHopen HeT- Paxynautre, yilITe po aNTHHKO Bpeme Gre pac: Konamn m Gecnourreno nexpmneMH on orpa6yparmn na "rpoGnayara"'*. Besant Bata PeKOHCTPYKUMfja Ha HAROAHOTO TOAHO HBO Ha weropara cyqGuHa © cocema mponsponna kaxkeme jleka Bak- anconyTHo Heonpactasa, Nopasy cxeqHOTO: 1. He waofame normao o6jachyparse somo Hc~ KycHHTe apxureKTit Om mpoeKTHpane no;HO HHO Ro pamuinua Ha pesiire Kopira M Ha To} HauHH cBecHo 6x To npenyurrHne Ha noreMMjamHO non maByBaibe Of HoRseMHaTa Bona. Ova AOTOAKY HO- nege mTo rpanuremmTe ceKaKo ce cpeTHase co HofseMHara BoRa Kora ro Mpapene HeKONOT 3a sMAOBHTe Ha waxTara (copex HerpaxyBauNTe “remenn"); 2. Bunejkn on pexoncrpyxnnjara Ha ReTpaxyBa- unre mpowsneryBa eka “HoRHHTe mI04H" One eGemn 0,30 M, jacho © OTH THE HHKAKO He MoxeTE Ja WMaaT HOmkHHA 3a MOHOMHTHO mpeMocrynare a Hajkycnor pactoH of 4,93 m nomefy mauaTa Ha “ropuure nen" on ABA cuporupiK simoBH. Kon- ky 3a cnopen6a, HajnomrHor GnoK co Taka neGe- Hwa Kaj Ono] OGjeKT © HanBparHHKOT, Koj KocTHr- nypa cca 2 Metpa. Orramy, sammcnennor "non" Opa ja ce COCTOH ON HajMamky TPH peNOBH XO- PHZOHTaMHO HapeneHH MOG, a Toa sHAIH ReKA cpenmminor pen m KpaesuTe on crpanMuEHTe PeHOBH KOH ce mpy-kane KOH Cpe AMOT npocrop © Hi, Minxysang « B. CoxononeKs, 1. 1. 82 © Hero, 89,14 Ke Mopane, nopagw TexXwHaTa, Na ce NoTnMpaar bp HeKakea Wepera cySeTpykuja, a HHKAKO Bps uecra6uana MonHeTHMa of 3eMja Ha BaaxKeN Te- pex. Ho, np aerpaxkysamero He ¢ KoHcTaTHpaHo Tocroeie Ha cyGcrpykunja u Toa © emHO O HEMI ‘Tava KoH To HerHpaaT MocToemeTo Ha KaMeHeH Hoy Bo OGjeKTOT, a MocenoBaTeHo ja HerMpaar H nanenara myentapuKaunja. 3. On acheKTH Ha KpuMiHostorHjaTa, TEUIKO € 1a ce saMMemm, a He aK BO Mpakca a ce peanusupa, TakBo MealrTHO OrpaGynatK PackonyBate Mpit koe 0 “Honor” co 35 w? nosputita 7a we ocrane in situ nurry enHo mapye, Makap BO exo arom. Hc- ‘To Taka, CHPOTHBHa Ha (pHSHYKHTE 3aKOHHTOCTH ancypyia e Tesara cntopen Koja "Kpanmure* Koma- sre 1,20 4 lon MOROT H RO HeKOMOT TH cbpaaTe “Gecnourrexo HcKpuIeMETe MORHH NAONKH" (“Hj open mpocrara mpecmerKa, Oi Bkymen nonysen, wauecynan 12 3) 4, TloceSuo saaen noKasaTen W HemoGHTHO HBp- cr aprymenr nexa o6jextor Bo Bpasna soonmTo HeMam NOX Ha ONMUIaHOTO MecTo NpercTasypa chaxror mTo T.x."ropen penen" mMta yKpacto 06- paGoTeHH mia Ha cHTe HeTHpH SHROBH, Ha Her Ha SMH Kaxo H caMieTe sHHH nslaTHa. Toa TOROpH Re ka "neweyor” Tpeamo na OHNE BHNAKB, a He TOK Puen ox ReGemmara Wa “NonHH naoyn” npHrene- HII 0 Hero, KAKO MHTo Toa MloepeAHO ro cyrepupa peKoHeTpykiujara Ha WeTpakyBauMTe, 3aropapaj- Kar “non” Ha "rpoGHuyara", meTpaxysaunre ro Mpepunynaar H HOTOPHMOT paxT jleKa nopan Me- ara Hem, 9a na Gwar RHIUIHBH, YkpacHO ce OGpa- Goreni NpyH HM nuuaTa Ha "ONHKOT BeHEN” - OFC} Koj cllopey| HHBHaTa peKOHCTPyKinija HTO TaKa He Ke Moxken ja ce rena, Sunejku ke ce Hanon HOR "nonmure mow". Ce pasOupa, Henpanen mpen BaKOB alicypa, HME HeMaMe NpaBo Aa BepyBame eka epujeHTHo RemrruTe m cKycHH apxHTeKTH, oneneHn nopanu Toa On TyfMHA, TYKY - TAKA H On HeOpexHOCT mpoextupae, RYpH H peatHsupare, eam Ba penoBM yKpacno o6paGorenn GnoxopH oxony sijopure, sa THe NoTOA Ra He ce rHeqaar. 3OPAH PEOPIMER: Paxoarrinacn expareunen 6ynap. Bucokonposectonanuara rpayexnmuKa HsBeq6a a o6jekTOT He HH RONyUrra HH na HMC MpHmAUE- Me npocecHonamHo jMNeTaHTeTBO H MaxHdbecra- uuja Ha Taxea epatonamHocT KaKBa ITO He © MpHNepHa 3a aNTH'KOTO rpanexnMtTBO. Kowes- Ho, Reka oGjexror no Bpagna ema nom no pan Ha Ha [OKNeTO H Reka HeMan byaKnuja wa TpOOHHUA NOTSpAy#a HMBOTO Ha NORSeMHaTa BORA Bo anianornnor objexT on Knexxje. Kou cero opa ce Haospsysaar a xpyru sHavajun TOKAsaTeMH, Ha KOH MOpaMe fla yKaKeMe, Onnej&H To nextec He ce OGenoneHeTH HemMOCHH NoRaTONN 3a BHarpeumocra Wa oGjexTor Bo Bpasna'’. meno, 3a BpeMe Ha HcKonyBameTO Gemle BUNTHBO NeKa GnoKoBnre On SHOBHTE Ha MAaXTaTa HMAaT HE ca- ‘Mo NlorpyGo oOGpaGoreHH mma TYKY H eKa THE ce epomMpaHs On BORA, Koja HeKOrallt MHOTY oro TO nenomuysaxa nHarpemmuor mpocrop". Toce6uo ‘BAXHA TOEMHHOCT € TOa ITO BO THIIETO Ha ceREp- HOT SHA, HemocpeRHO Ham YOKNeTO, ce Haofa To- sem mpenupno-npenaxen oTnop (Ca. 5 - B), Koj nm Hanpanen pH suqaibeTo, co HSOCTaByBaRe Ha eneH GOK BO penoT, HH MaK GH OTHOCTE NpO- * Vlerpaxynaturre ne panaat noxarox 3a paaGosmata 20 xoja Guo ncxonypano no miaxrara. Hanex € camo nonavox ‘eka nagwaT# Gxoxonn Ginne nanex nO AxAGowNA 1,20 a Rog “nloxKoTo miBo" (r.e. noR HoKMeTO), Ho Kaj TeKENUKHETE npeceumt€ nonnevena waprimia na oKony 0:80 4 10K HoKIETO (H. Muynuné - B. Coxononcxa, 1.x, Cx. 2-4). On apyra expana, vo caojor Mncurraj ox nexonynaisara (irepHa noxywenrannja wa PenySnmxnor sav0x 3a saurra) THe Manenynaar xexa G10 nexonysano Ro RaGonnnia 1,80 2,00 1M, Tlocaenioro He woxe fa ce NPOBEpIE Ha TepeHOT, OHIe)- ‘en netpaxynavure ornocne ja uatpynane utaxrara Xo rope ™ HHestec, mpexy evunre MecemH Ro OGjeKTOT He NOXKE Ha ce ajne noxa Gunejsn Yysepexa Pexa cocena npecystyna, Mecinrre xuTeaH W erapie exonjann ce cexanaat jeKa CcaMo Jo NpeN TpHeceTTHHa FORME PeKaTa He caMo WTO He inpecyutynana ryKy neka masta u paGex chown. Sa nejamnoT Boxed moTeHUjaN no GxHeKoTO MHMaTO FOROPH H GpojoT ot oweke eceT#m BORER AOMK EpeAHOTO H HOAMOTO TENE rte, 70 ce HaGene:KaHH Ha BoeHO - TonorpadpcKHTe Kapri. Ba miavemero Koe Uysiepoka ro mana no RanewHOTO MIA ‘70 RoBORHO FoROpH CKONICKHOT aKReRYKT, Koj Ce HaNojyRaN on onaa pexa (niin K. Tlerpos, 1962, 7 - 25).Kyar, nacaeg, 6p. 19-21/1992.94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) 15 GueH, co naGunarse Ha eneH Gn0K". Heropara cbysxuuja Oxt1a na ro oTcTpaHyBa BHIIOKOT OM 1 Aojkewara Boga BO eceHcKmTe H MponeTHuTe Mece- x. JIuwensmarre Ha orsopor (62 x 57 em) narmena ne oGesGenysasre NOBOTHA MponyeHa Mok BO onHOC a OpsnHata co Koja pactexo HMBOTO Ha BonaTa (eco6exo saroa mTo BHMTOKOT TpeGasO Aa Ape- Hupa HHS TAMMIOH Of PeMHIH KAMERA BO SHHOTO janpo). Kaxo nocnemuya, 08a ocraBumo cHTHO 13- PaseHH TparH Bps THNATA OM cHTe YeTHPH SHTOBH: ‘HBOTO Ha BORATa ce HeKAtYBATO NO TOpRHOT pad a ppeHaxiuoT orsop (noBeke on 60 cM Ha YOK- sero), a Mpeky s1eTHHTe MecenH HecoMHetto onafa- 40 MEOTY HUCKO, Taxa mITO, NopanH Ronrorpaj- FOTO H MOCTOjaHO UNKINYHO MeHYBARSe Ha YoHOBH- re (siaxkxocra m Temmepatypara), y6ano o6pa- Gorennte sinta on Hen pen GnoKoBH HAN NOKTETO ce WSpOHMNE eOCHO MAK nO roneMA MepKa, BO Her XOpHIOHTANEH Nojac HaoKomY, 0 mmMjaTa Ha TopHHOT paG of npeHaxHHoT oTsop". Eposujara e oceGHo nspaseHa Kaj OAOKOBHTE OM jyAHHOT SHR, Kage ce rena m Toa jeKa BonaTa ce HcKauypana PesHCH NO TasHMTeTO ON TPeTOTO cKANHTO BO BACIOT, HOpAAH ITO JO HeTaTa AMHNja OcoGeHO Smory ce HspoHNTe H BHaTpeumHTe paGonn on saesnata pamxa (Cr. 5 - B). Cero ona e Tomy OuHTTEAHO mITO AYpH H HE GeMle HeomxosHO 7a ce orkona HeHTHYeH OGjeKT Ha Apyro MecTo, 3a ApasHaHo ja ce NporonkyBa oTKpuTHeTO BO Bpas- a. * lerpaynawure cnownynaar “mymca no Komopara xoja no suatpenmocta nponpena ‘noxgoonmia” (H Mincynowk - B. Coxononexa, wt, 89). On ovaa xyca empeayona midhopmargia ne mone na ce pasepe xan THe socnene Ha oTBopor no cenepitor sit. Ako e Taxa (Gnej- a apyra aymka fe nocToH), Mopame co wypeRe na KOHETA- Tapame eka Ha 80) He Geil MAX OTROP ROOMUITO He MY ene THe ROHKHO BHNANNE +O; axymwo 19 Groxosx no mpawor pea wan woKeTO (1a sre weTHpH sinosi), aypi 17 maar epospann ama (ce- JyMtMenoCHo, TPH Gesmamy NesOeHO, & OcTaMATHTE FARHO ‘bo roneMa mepxa). Hajanky € ourreren ncrosor su (ea. 5-5) Ta saxaysume. Ha6poemrre enemenrn coapsxit- HW CoceMa TH HIeMHANyRaaT OBjexruTe on Bpaana 4 ox Kuexje 30 nornen Ha MHKpo - oxanujara Bo Horsey Ha Hamenara, Bo oGara cnysan, 1360- POT Ha MecToTO 3a HiBHO rpayeHe Gun yenonen On nosHunjara H OrMsuHaTa Ha pexuTe, onHocHO om Mecrata co oGwmHa Hoxsemita noma, a ropHara Kora Ha mlaxTara, KAKO raneH eneMenT na one TpanGn, Gua mpoeKrapaa cnopen HMROTO Ha peunnre Kopwra. Cnenerneno, roa ja onpexenysa ocmHeneHocTa # OcHoRHaTa cbynKnuja Ha Gata oGjeKru Kako Gynapn 3a Bona. On pyra crpawa, aK, HUBHOTO HiITerpaHO MTaHMpatse H emHOBpe- MeHO rpajeie co onGpanGennTe sHAMHH ‘CMICTEHO HM NaBa KapaKTep Ha OGjeKTH co uapa- seHa cTparemika Bpenwocr. enB0- 3. Beprixasmna yucnosnynja ‘Ox erparemxo - onGpan6eH acnext, Ha6opor Ha HOKauuTe Bo OGaTa cHytaH NpeTcranypan ronem Konmpowute, ViMeno, sapmicHocra of peKata nyskHo yenonysana BaKeuTe GyHapH na GunaT noupaNH Ha HajpHsnsHOTO WecTO - BO HajmucKaTa ToHO- rpateka TouKa on dhopracbKansicKara pamKa, KO- ja wajremxo Moxena na ce Opans. Bo cymuna, camo Hopazn noTpeGaTa 3a BoooGesGenyBame, 1 3a HUMITO Apyro, copracbHKaNHcKHTE paMKH Kaj Gere HacenGn Gusie Ha THE MecTa chyiITeHH Ton- Ky HHCKO HHS naqunaTa, Kommposucor ce cocrow Bo Toa mro Ha exen onGpaxGex cexrop, oHoj KOH peKara, caecno Gna OxPTBYBAHa NAAMHATA On punOT (HHAKY BaxeH H cexoram WeKopneryBaH cbakrop wa samrrurara), 3a cMeTKa Ma eMMACTREHATa MOAHOCT Aa ce O6H- jar Tpajun pesepsu xa Bona. Hocnemmuno, nopaqn caaGara onOpaiGena cnocoSHocr Ha TaKBHTe ceK- Topi H NopanH BaXxHOCTA Ha 6yHapare, THe Mecra Mopane ja Guar noceOHo oGesGeneHn H uyBaHH, Henocratoxor ua erpyaia naqua no GenecKHor sun TYKa Mopam a ce KOMneHsmpa, a emuuicrBe- HHOT MOXeH WayHH 3a TOA GW a ce HaBMUIH Ge~ HeMcKOTO HnaTHo SHaMHTEMHO NoBeke OTKONKY Ha16 30PAH FEOPTVEB: Pasoaurrwsku erparemKu 6ysapi npyrure cexropu. Bea Takos aapar etoKynor nperxogen Tpya ja ryGen emHesata. Tomy orty- xa, KaKo H Of (PaKTOT ITO GyHapHTe ce oprancKn pau 2a Geplencxure swoBi, Mpowsmeryna 3aK- AYYOKOT eka OBE cHenMdusHH OFjeKTH uMane agveMun naprunt, [pamrarse © camo 10 Koja sico- Tleneumara couypanocr Ha oGjexrure Bo BepTH Kama npoexuuja e foHeKajle pasmuna, HO saey- HHTIKO 3a OGara € TOA INTO BO MHHATOTO, C& NO Ha- ule pee, THe My caykene Ha ToKaMHOTO Hacene- me Kako MajjlaHi On KOM ce OGHBaT roTOR rpane- ken Matepijan. MHory cesicki Kyi Bo Kuexje ce TorpaneH on jenkani anrHIKH 6NOKOBH, OTKOMa- nm nonenenu ox Tpasmmrre, a Taxon Marepijan Gna ynorpeGen n 2a sujarbero Ha cencKaTa tKpKRa, Koja oW anTHKHOT Gynap € ommanesesa camo CTO metpu (Cx. 3). Tyka, pit apxeostomkoro HeKony- namie Gerlle saGenexaxo jeKa ocobeHo CIM sia cenepimor aron Ha oGjeKTor Rexoraim Gute opra- Hvampanio pasrpajeni, no exua nloromema aKiyyja (Ha wcra uuBeneTa H Ge3 OcTaTONM Of Ba_eHHOT kamen), [lo TexniuKoro Havlecynaibe Wa ocHonara on rpanGava pps nocrojtiara reoxercKa Honora ce moKaxa eka THe jenOBH sexAT TOMO TO oerpHior saceK on Mannara nopojiia Gpasna. 3ia- su To} sacex He © caMo eNO Ha MpHPoAHKOT epo- supext mpottec TyKy Bo Tovlem cremteH © peayaTar om nieKoramen oGeMext weKon 3a najerse Ha KaMeH om amruskara rpanGa. 3a oBa HeMa HUTY cneOTHE Ty KoneKTHB1Io cekaBatke, HO co Tonema cKryp- Hoct Moxke fla ce HeTnocraBi eKa Taa aKipija Ox sia npeseMenta np werpax6ara wa upknara. Ova ne camo nopanu Gnuanwara Ha WpkRara, HITY ca- Mo nopami Toa mTO BO HejsHHHTe sHROBH HMA Kpaylepit of HICTHOT NYCTOBAIEBCKK MecosHK, aM 1 nlopanm enta wiguKaTuBKA MecHa Terenma, Koja cera, 10 OTKPHBaReTO Ha OGjeKTOT, 106MBa Bpey- oct Ha moepenwo cBenourTHo”. TTeremnara, Koja uatan mpunnka na ja cayinHas Ha caMoTo ‘ecto npen Aue HeUeHIMH, ReNH JeKa BO Crapo BpeMe Ha Toa Meco mano HlogaeMen Tyien, Hi Ko} >KITEmIETE wa pes mor xwevoneku rpayt cepmmys cxerypane yo pexara. Te- Bo snmonmre of crapure KykH Bo ¢. Bpasna nero ‘Taka HMa aNTHKH O10KOBH On enKaH TpanepTiMt, Ho cera ce esmmentupann nay 350 napynise, Ho ‘70j 6poj HH omasTeKy He To OTeMHKyBA cremeHOT Ha nlopanteumara exentoaranuja, Onnejkn noneke- ‘To KYKH BO cesIOTO EHEC ce OGHOREHH a coBpe- Men Has. Hest cnenonn 3a MeKoratmara Tom poxa akryesmocr Wa 'pagmmre Kaj Bpasna xaxo exMUITe Ha MpHTONeH rpaexxen Marepujan npeT- cranysaar OrpoMHTe TpanepTMHcKM GIOKORK H INOMH Kon ce OMBAeeHH RO cocenuuTe cema ny- 80 # Mupxost™. He moxe 7a Ma CoMHeBaIbe HeKa ENHH On rnaB- HNTe TYHKTOBIE ON KOH ce ROOHBAN KaMeH H BO Bpasna w no Kwexje Guze roxy OywapcKure SHTODKE H GesleMeKHTe KpHita NOKpaj HMB, 3amITO co coojara MacusHoct H raGapur THe mynese Hajso- Ty, aH MecTonomoxGaTa mM € TaKRA IIIT NpHCra- ToT fo HMB GHA Hajnecen. TpaxrwsHo, no Kamm THM Of OBMe OBjeKTH MpeocTaHaTO camo OHA MITO Onno dynHpano A1aG0KO NOR HoBpumHaTa Ha TepeHoT H Koe BeKe HE ce MeMTATETO fla ce OTKO- nyBa, xovonKy Mopexe MTO Hayony sHAOBHTE HE ce ‘Tonky naqanmn, Ougejkn HenaaT HaqsopenmHH aia om enka KaMeH. Baxnara neHeumia coctoj6a pasGupmuso ja orexk- yBa MOAHOCTa 9a OCKTYpHa pexoucrpykuja Ha naqvenmure naprux ua Gynapexure sunopy. Ce- nak, Kora Ke ce HeKopwerar nonaTouMTe mTO TH awa ceKoj On oBHe ObjeKTH ofMesIKO, a Haxonon- nyBajn ro Apyrvor, uMa ITO Ra ce Kaxke Sa HHB- ara BepTHKanna mMcHosMttta, "ee, No OTKpHBarBeTO HA OGjeKTOT, MOKEME ja 3aKNyHIME eka Bo samiaToTO, MoxeGH Ke TOARY NANA, HerowttTe suoai opwerranija CurypKO Gwe wienKE os cenavarre Ona e mpexpacen npmep 3a Toa Kako NereHRITE HacTaHy- saat ops peanwa nontora, % Bo ¢. Pays, TpancprmickH 61OKOBH H IMIOXM MOKE Na Ce amiav ma raaswaTa cencka YaMtis, MpeR HpoRaBMYaTa CO xykeu 6poj 115, noroa wo uparor Ha ena crapa Kyka KaKo 4H bo orpagara Ha pyra enporH nponaskunara. Meckirre “Aurea KaxyBaaT NeKa THE GHOKORH HOTEKHYHaaT OR Nopa- Ho pasypnara "punexa eunea". Bo c. Mupxonins, Bax GxoKonm wa wo erapnTe Kyks Kaj HonaTa nomAIHHCKA Cra sa,Kym. nacnen, Gp. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) 7 Tlojrosamor noxasaten ro HMaMe Kaj OGeTe rpan- 6m H Toa BO BHI Ha TEXHHSKM HCTO KONKUNUPAH, oaHocho craxyapamsupan Ha‘Mit sa HocTaByBaRe MefykaTHa KoncTpyxituja. Toa ce mpapoarox- sure “JYNKH’ no TMUaTa Ha sHROBHTe, Hat 30 ueTa XopHsoHTaa, Ha BuCOUMHA 2,30 M Han xxatero (Bpaana), oRWocHO 2,63 w (Kie2xje). Kaj oSjexror no Bpasna ce jasysaat no Wee paket AYHKH" BO MOLOMTHTE SHOBH M MO eHHa BO TON mre, HoneKa po Kuexkje Hip TH HMA camo Ha sorure suonM (TpH Bo jyTORAMAMEAOT H sIBE BO sepoucrounnor). Bo o6aTa caysaHt, HOCeGHO BO fexje, "YMKHTE" He ce cOceM cHIMeTpHNHO pac- =opeyemi, a OCKHITE HOMefy jBa cHPOTHBH sH- sos He uM ce noKnonynaar. Topamit Toa, KaKO Ht ~opagd penatueno Mamwre AUMeHSMR Ha "AYMKH- (9x9 c@ no Bpasna; 7,5x7,5 «7x 10 cw > Kuexkje), Hanlomio € lIckny¥eHa MoxHOCTa BO ya Giie BTaaReHM MpeMocTysayKH APREHH ut - Hocauit Sa TanaHicka WIM MefyKaTHa KOH- cuija, na emMCTREKA nOrWaHa anTepHaTia © aBenM 39 HMB ja Guse BMeTHATH MeTaNHH HocauH. Hezpaxysaumme na Bpasna nowncnypaar eka xa Mecta cToene MeTamHM HocaaH 3a ¢baxemu", 9 Ha ona MOXe fla ce cTaRM KPHTWUKA saGemeI- Gunejéu uMenaunre Ha “aymKuTe” ce cenaK =PeMHOrY roneMM 3a HOCATH co TaKBa Hawena, Hero, nonpewuuor npecek Ha ceKoj on THE socaum ( Kako OcHOneH ¢hakrop Ha NoenMHeMHaTa ccumoct) manecynan 81 em? (Bpasna), onocto 56 70 em? (Knexkje), mro rosopy eka nerHMTe (© MPEABHAEHH Na KIAPKaT sHAHNTEMKO Noro- 2MO eMHHEHO HOIK 3aeMHMIKO ONrTOBApyBAHLe. Bo Kuesxje wajnonme curypen foKas 3a Toa, a 302IHO M NOTBpHa eka Hay OyapcKHoT mpocrop sosToea pReHa MefykaTHa KOMeTPYKUHja, Of- ocHo mpocropuja xa Kar. MMeHo, TyKAa MOTOT- zior CIM su e pasrpajen TowHo no mtmnjara na yukuTe", Taka wito yGano ce rena (Ca. 2) neKa \eerasmnTe HOCAH Gre HeOGHIHO OIF H MEOTY zaG0Ko sapneryBasle BO SHOT (OTKPHEHHTE se- sravoBu ce noari 1,10 MM 1,30 m1). amma ~ 3, Muxynumé - B.Coxonosexa, 1.3, 84 Moxe ja ce sakny'tm leKa HocasmTe mame ynora Ha CHINN, 171a60KO BeaeHH aHKepH, KOM KyCO UMpiene of aMMeTO Ha SHOT, BO BHT Ha KOHSOTI, 3a Bps HMB Ma Gume MoOxeHA XopHsoWTamHa NP- nena rpepa. Takpa rpejla Mano H OKpaj mueTO on cnpormBHMor smq, a oGeTe ce nporerane He camo Hay maxrara am mpoyomxysane cé NO cKa- ame, Kae Kpaesnre uM Owe noTHpeHH Ha TEXHHYKH HeeqMaKBO peuleH HawHH™. OBHe Tapa emu FpeRM emyrKerle KAKO XOpHsOHTAMH HOTHO- PH Bp3 KOH, BUCOKO Has HOHPIUINHATA ON MaxraTa, Gune napereHH MpeMocTyBauKK MonpesEH rpemH - nocatm Ha KBapaTHa MaTdpopma on nrTitt Tlopayu waxpara usnenGa wa MefykaTHaTa KOH- CTpykitija, NeHeC He © MOXHO la ce YTBPAM HeKO- raumaTa jeGenmHa Ha HoTHopaMTe Tpens, HHTY ak pacrepor, onHocHo Gpojor Ha mpemocrysat- KiTe TOnpesHM rpenM, HO ce ROGuBA BrevaTOK eka KoHerpykuujara Gua Jecia MWe HaRMUHY: asta BKYIHa BucowmHa 7 70 - 80 em HAN MeTAsTHT- Te KOHI0OMH (RAH ANpOKCHMATHBHA PeKOHCTPYK- uija wa Ca. 6 - A). Hewa npmmsa nopani Koja 6x TpeGaxo na suc Me eka po Bpasjla nocroeso mpyro pemrenne, Kora exe Mo cure ApyTH eeMeHTH H rpagmTestcKHt cranpapau TaMomEMoT GyHap © HmeHTHYEH co ovioj 80 Knexje. Pasika HMa caMo Bo Toa uITo HoTnopuitre rpenu Ha MefykKaTHaTa KoMeTpyKuuja no Bpaana Popupane een nq cepksiaxk noKpaj cure WeTHpH sumoBH, Mpexy Koj TexMHaTa Ha KOHeTpYKHHjaTa eAyMHO ce NpeHecysana H Bp3 TONpeHHHTe sHTOBH, WTO © coceMa HOTHHO, CO ornen eka Kaj Boj OGjexT sMXORHTE enOCHO ja saTsopaaT pamkara Ha OyHapckata waxra omy. OxomHocta yeka moceuxara rpena miro ce mporerana noxpaj jy:kHHoT sm To mpenpesysaxa ® Kpajor on rpexata miro ce nporerana noxpaj 3/3 sua axernynan no *1e6 Xo 3a Taa Wen Gun MsReRKAH BO ra SumTeTo Ha Tpiideceroro ekANIUNO, NOKpaj caMHOT sm (Gpoejéxt onxoay warope). Kpajor om rpegata noxpaj cxpo- ‘TuBHHoT sug Gu huKeupan co Kyca MeTasINa Katha, BIT: ‘ewa ups Gnox O% OCMHOT Pen, & HO PANNA Ha YexOTO ON neraro (13 - To) exannno,18 3OPAH PEOPTHEB: Panoatriuxu erpareunka GynapH. TOpHMOT jen Of BNeSHHOT OTBOP He TPeGa na 36y- yBa, sauurro OM Taa rpema NO HajaHcKOTO cKamLI0 BeprukanHo Toy Hea OCTaHYBATa KOpHcHia BHCOW- Ha na Bnes0r o7{ 2,10 M, ITO € AYpH H MoBeKe on, sucounuata Koja ja uMa pnesHaTa paKa on Hay- Bopemmara erpana Ha jyanwor sux (1,90 M). He e reno a ce pasGepe somo Kaj oGara 06- jexrm rpaquremnte ja nocrasune Mefyxarnata Koxcrpykuitja Bps Meranmm (nepojarHo >erest) xowsonu, Bo Riaknata GyHapeKa cpennua, npBe- Hata KONCTpYKUMja He MoXeNa jla Ma HOAT BeK Ha rpaewe Taa ToBpeMeno TpeGano na ce oGuonyna, nenyMHo Hm neaocHo. TIpumenara Ha eran KOH30N1 OROSMOKYBANA TecHA H Gp3a samewa Ha jorpajamre rpenM, Ges mpitroa ja ce peseMaar uTepneHuMt Bp3 cantTe sHtOBH. AKO konerpykunjara Owsia pemiena Ha Apyr Haute, co Braapypaise Ha peMoctypauKMTe TpenH AHpeXTHO Bo SHNOBNTE, HUBHOTO NOROMHeKHO saMeHyBAtbe HeMMHOBHO Ke Hanarano MOMecTYBaIE 1a 610KO- pitre of BHaTpemmrre aNta, WTO, ce pasGupa, Ke Guno TeXHHTKH HeHIBONTHBO, aH NOBEKE Of PIBHMHO 3a CraTHYHOCTa Ha sHROBItre. Tloce6wo auayaen noqaToK $a BepTuKanHaTa jHc- noamunja ua oGere rpajGu upercranypa BiicHR- kara pasauka of 5,15 M Way HMBOTO Ha BowaTa BO miaxrara, m1To ja cosnaaypaar cKamuTe Kaj O6jeK- ‘ror no Knexje (Ca. 6 - B). On enta erpasta, Toj nonlaToK jacHo cTana Ha sHaewbe jleKa sunosHTe onene jo Taa BHCOWMHA, a, ON APYTA CTpata, oB03- Moxkysa naTaMomma peKoneTpyxmja, co mpece- ‘ryRame Ha JOMTHNTEMHM eneBaNMCKH BpeTHOCTH. Vimexo, typi 1 axo Han Hajropxoto on couysau- ‘re ekamiula HeMano Apyr#, ITO HHaKy © MamKy BepojaTHo, Ha BCHHCKaTa pasauKa on 5,15 4 ‘rpeGa na ce aonane Gapem yurre BHcHHara Ha Bite- sopure no I/M sux Koj cera Henocracysa, saemHO co weGenmmara, onHOCHO BNcHHATa Ha HanBpATHH- ure. Semjakn rm Kako npuMep sommMamiitre BIUCHHCKH BpeRHOCTH Ha BESOT H HanBpaTHAKOT Kaj aanormjara no Bpasqa (1,90 + 0,30 m) noSusane ocHoneH 36up cnopex Koj oGjeKTOT BO Kneaxje man sion sHCOKH HajMamky 7,35 M Ham MoKneTo oKony Gy#apcKaTa maxta. Bpeau na ci IpuicHOMHNMe jleKa Toa € BCYMIHOCT pesHcH coce- Ma HeTaTa BHcoUMHa Ha Koja cb RO MeHEC © cONy- nan o6jexror BO Bpasna, co oGere nerosit rpa- nex dpaan saemHo. Baxnoro cosnafatse ja He- Tupa reaaTa cilopex Koja propata rpagexa asa no Bpasna mpercrasysa oGHonena, onHocHo HaHono WsrpaeHa rpoGHa rpanGa Bps nocrap o6jexr co ucra Kamena”. PenenanTHn HaTaMOmIHH nonaTOnM 3a enenanynTe naga cannot pesjec) Ha enlocpenHara oKonHHa, saeqo co HosMjaTa Wa GenecxiTe Kpua KOH ponupaat Jo arnure Ka o6ara o6jextu. Bo Bpasna € MHOTY ROGpo BINLTHBO jeKa H ananHOTO H ce- RepHoTo Genemcko KpH0 ce cbynaupann npu6- JIIDKKO Ha BICONHHA To Koja Gur pasypHar o6jeK- ‘Tor on mpaara rpanGexa casa. Toa ronopit teKa pen sla Guye Hanpawena o6tonara (II dasa) on ‘vaa mueneTa nla Harope Mopame na ce nporeraat sujoBuTe Of NpoTOreHKOT OOjeKT, samITO TO} Gu uarpanen emvonpemeHo co GenemcKnte Kpia. Bo cupormano, cpoprihukanicxara panka Ke octane: Ja HesaTaopenta, Owyejkm GenemcKiTe KpHta It1TO ro ompakaat o6jeKTOT He ce MocraneHH Bo HCTa ocka aMM TaHTeHTHO ce pasMHHyBaaT 3a TOMKY KOMKY ITO e oar OGjeKTOT, Ha NHCTaHNIA OR Hero- nara qujaronana (Ca. 4). Co apyri 3Gopoon, oGjexTor e Toj Koj co csojor nonoar cenepeHt cnojor iokyc 3anapen six To mpasit noBpsyBarbero nomefy qnere GeeMckH Kpiina. Ona © mtory Gu- ‘Tew ¢bakT M HeOnMMNIMD apryMeHT 3a oupenery- ate Ha KapakTepor UITO ro HMaN HayseMHHOT Jen Ha oSjexror no oGere das. Hivewo, co ornen neKa GexeMckHTe Kpisla TyKa Mopae na CunaT BUCOKH HajMamky nev - lect MeTpH 3a fa ja oct Bapypaar cpojara ochonma yHKmmja, jacHo & eka TaKBa HaySMeMHa BHCOMMHA MOpam ja HMA H o6jekror Koj rH nospsysa. Bapoyem, Toa ro noKa- 2kyha Hl ApeHAKHHOT KAHAN Koj € OTKPHEH Ha Kap- Nata HenOcpenHO Hay HCTONHHOT six Ha OGjeKTOT, ® Yi. Muxyauug - B. Coxononcka, #.n., 90. Mefyroa, ‘euuyeitio ¢ jeKa anropure He MoxeNe a Najtar MaKAp ‘equa anaornja 2a rpoOxa rpayGa co Taxon apxureKTOHCKH Apaivkaan Kaxos mTo wma o6jexror wo Bpasna,Kyar, nacneg. Gp. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) Ha oxony 1,60 m norope om HajsHcoKata wenec couynana, TouKa Ha cbasara II (Cx.1)%, a auja ouurnegua ynora Gna qa ja co6upa HaBenyBa, Tlofaneky on HCTONEHOT sin, aTMocdepcKaTa BOTA Koja ce cnepana Hits nanuHara Ka pryor. Cuopen cure ope enemeNTH, upeR ypuBaILeTO, a BepojaT- io W110 OGHoRyRaKETO HO BropaTa basa, SHNO- pure Ha oGjekror no Bpasita Rocruraysare Buc ‘univa on eceTHHA MeTPH Hay AMMjaTa Ha oKNe~ ‘ro oKony GynapeKara mtaxTa. Vinenmiaa entxa ce no6na «20 Knexje. Tyxa, an sanaxHnor arom on GyHapeKHoT MpocTop He- ocpenHo ce Hagiecyna semjax saci, Koj ro Hag suulysa cerammoro Kpynmure 3a noneke on 4 Merpit (irro e peste 3a efeHt MeTap TIOBHICOKO oft pexouterpyupanure 7,35 a). Jo mpea ge neneHHH, TaKOB HaCHH ce NpoTeraille M OK cenepHara expana, ¢& 0 Mectoro Kage ce Haofa ceBepnnor aroa ita o6jextor (Ca. 3)". Brmejku nps THe wacn- ‘ni NeKoranr GuwIe BTeMeneHH GejleMckitTe SHAOBH, jacto © ort o6jekror wopam ja ja RocrHrHysa HMBHATa BHCOUAHA, Ta HOTOA Aa MpORoskyBAA warope No KpyHMUTaTa Ha GeneMcKHTe SHAOBH. Cnopex 10a, stmonure Ha objextor Bo Kuexje ce uomurare nomefy 10 12 Merpu Hap NoKNeTO OKO- ay Gywapexara waxra. Topagi qenactmpanocra Ha wenocpegnara oxomMHa, 40 creneH npH Koj oomuTO He ce ONPTYRA aHTHYKOTO HUBO Ha ‘repenor, jleec He © MOXKHO fa Ce YTEPRE KOMKY of Ta pucouMHa sacakan HapsemHMoT jem on rpa6ara. Ho, rpy6ara upecmerKa ronopm jeKa cooanocor 6ua npuGawkHo 2: 1 RO KOpHeT Ha Haygemuara naprija (Ges jaGowHaTa Ha GyHap- ckara maxra), Beke og eHec couysanara sitcownna na sHn0- autre ox o6jexrure no Kuexxje # Bpasna (I dasa) ce rena neKa Hay Oy#apcKHoT npocrop Te Maze © HL, Muxysané - B.Coxozonexa, 1ux., Ca. 1 0 4 ° Hacunor npa xoj Hexoraul cToes cesepruor GeyeMenH Si ucromio oy objextor cera e YenOcHO oTeTpaHeT OK Mexa- nusaujara wa TPO “Tlenaronnja” ~ XIIT rpaqwamurre on Ce, Hitxone, koe ryxa co rons exerstoatnpa waxar. Fpen Re peeHHNH Geule AoGpo couysan. 19 mpoctopuja Ha Kar, Koja, no oGara caysan, 3a3e~ Mana cyrepenicKo muno. OTTaMy, MIHHMYMOT pe- KOHCTPyMpaH enenaNicKM BPEMHOCTA TOBOPH He a, HoTO Taka Bo o6aTa eny'an, Hay cyrepencKara Mopana ja nocron yurTe emma mpocropuja (Ca. 6-A), Baksata Hexoramma WaqsemHa BHCONMHa ta 06- jexrute no Kuexje uno Bpasna, saento co xpyru- ‘Te pesleRaHTHH MloKasarenu (oprancKaTa nonpsa~ Hoct co GeneMeKiTe sHOBHL, HeTypeHaTa MOSM ja, ctparemnemre ppenHocTHt Ha MAKPOOKAuMHITC), ja oytana aropara, jomomuuresia Wako He MoMast- Ky Baka byHKNja: co cnojor HansemeH jez OBE o6jekrn wane yaora Ha CNIHN KYTH OR BoRTeYeH ‘Tit, Kou, OcBeH UITO TH OGeIGeryRane GyHapHTe Bo cRojaTa nossemia BHaTpemTHocT, mitory ja sronemypasie onGpanGenara Mok Kaj najpusisu- ‘re 1 HajocerausH ceKTopH on hopTudbuKanMcKHTE PAMKH Wa MaTHMHHTe HacenGH. Bo BpcKa co ona, Kaj oGjexror po Bpasna nocrom yuire enwa MigukaTHBHa noepMocT. Ha sanamimor sua on T basa couynan € esleH of ReKorauMieTe Ba cHMET- piriio nocraneHs OTBOpH ( BCOKH 85 CM, IIMPOKHL 50 cM Ha BHarpemoro, a camo 21 eM Ha HanBO- peulHoTo sTHIe), KOH CoceMa HAMTHKYBAAT Ha KORO: BeKoBHuTe nymkapuunn. Merpaxysaunre wa Bpasna ru uqeurmpukypane Kako “nposopnm - cBernapanun” na “rpoGunyara" (?!). Ho, THe ormops upunafaar na cyrepenekata mpoctopmja, a KOH Hawop TaeaaT HenlocpenHO Ha aHTHKOTO uugo Ha Tepenor. Hitsxitor oGnHK H Mecrontocta- Betlocra cyrepupaar sakmy¥oK qeKa ce paGorH 3a crpemmapck ream, of KOM Gpanmrenute Moxe- ae ja AejermyBaaT ON HHIOK pakYpe, BPS oucay- xyneunre Ha Henpujatenckure oncamE cpeneTBa. Crparurparexara enka Koja © foGnena co HeKo- nypamero no Bpaga Muory TpaxcnapenrHo, Hus nonexe ConPAHHCKH NoemMHOCTH, MpeROHyBA JeKa bropara rpaylexna chaza Ha TYKAMINHOT OOjeKT He npereranyna oGuona Ha rpoGwa rpanGa TyKy o61t0- Ba Ha Kysa, ORHOCHO peaKTHBHpalbe caMO Ha BTO- para of nopaneumure [Be cpyxxryor Ha O6jeKTor. ‘Husa exemenru, neke antocrpocpapans on Herpa- oKynaunre, MoKaxKyBaaT AeKa xKMTeNNTE Ha Cpa jure - Bpasga Hemane seke cw " eKoHOMcKa20 Mog 3a jla ja Hanpanar oGHOBaTa GapeM mpuGmIDK- Ho KBanuTeTHa Kako MpBouTHata rpanGa. To ypuawero na NpsoGHTHaTA Kyza, TeMenHO H He- ComreHo Ro ROeH BOP, THE BepojaTHo KemaTe HHL ‘wuory Bpeme 3a Toa. Oj| Ham sacera HenosHaTH npuunnu, GyHapeKnor mpoctop Gun orpprex ox uaraomma ymorpeGa H, 3aenHO co MpHcTanoT urTo pores No HeTO, HeTOCHO Gua MenomHeT (HABE ampan) co semja on Hentocpennata Gnusia, Taxa, ay crapHor npacran Gum coananen TPH MeTpH BUCOK Hac, cHDIKO KOHTaMHENpaH co KepamiyeH, MW Apyr apxeonomnn Marepajas, 3a Bp3 ero a Gu- ne Wanparen Hon mpHcram BO pana co HanseM- Ho oGKoeHaTa Kyma (cnlopen HeTpaxyBaTHTe npomoc II*)"*. Moume qo6pa naycrpauuja 3a oGuOByBATKHOT Mpolec H HOOMHITO 4a KapaxTepor ua oGjekror no Gere asu Aawa Mecrononox- Gara Ha mpouajqenure "KaMenH mruToBM", sua waMena He © [O KPaj apTAKysIKpana On crpana Ha nerpaxysanTe?. One npanoaromHH G10KOBH CO sao6sleHa ropHa noTecHa crpana ce o6paGoren kako GnOKOBHTE ON MpoToreHaTa Kyaa H pe na TajHaT mpi Wej3HHOTO HACHTHO ypHBAIE CeKAKO ctoene ajrope, Kako Napanter wT Kako Tpano- OpaxH Ha KpynmurreTo of jy:KHOT sq, BO PaM- usta co weronoro HanBopemmHo mune. Op, perepe- ara crpava, GasaTa Ha ceKoj IITHT e McnaKHaTa no Hesara UINposMHa, BO BUA Ha CHO Pe6PO Koe LITpYH cNPOTHBHO of THNETO, OMHTTEAHO 3a Ka Moxke Rp Hero jla HaIeTHE KpajoT on SaBpINHNOT pe M104 Ha KPYEMMITeTO H Ha TO] HaMH, co JOnonNMTETHO TeXNHCKO onTOBApyBAme, Na ce crpesm Tenjemmnjava 3a npesprysaise wa mruTor ® Ha npmatoxennor rian werpaxysawTe mpnKaxkarie cao ‘fet nest of nprevaner - neroaara mpana oTceNKa No OGjex- ‘ror. Mefyroa, AypH i He croMenynaar jleka Ha cnpoTmsuaTa Ccrpania (non apruniara na m1avor) Mpucranor usa sna ‘Teavlo nore NpoyOMXeHNe, KOE PT M ce HeKaNyBa KOH iaj6nucxara Tepaca on wacenGara. » Cyrepupanuot nnevarok Aeka urrvrosire “saTs0paze K ‘ko Katianit HeKou OrRopH - HA” (HLMuxyasmnk - B. CoKo- -noscxa, 1.3, 82) npercrasyea ancypa nese mopany canara ‘rexxna Ha UrTHTORWTe, Koja He HOMyINTa ManItnyniparbe CO SOPAH TEOPIHEB: Panoasruuxn erparemxu 6yapy, Kon HagBop. Tipu oOHonara, mpen ja ce uetomH co aemsja GyHapexor npoctop u crapwor mpxeran, NaquatnTe UTHTOBM Gwe HOBTeNeHM, 34 TOBTOP- Ho a ce HcKopweTar Ha HeT Ha'IHH BO KPYHHIN- TeTo Ha HopaTa Kysa, No He cre UITHTOBH TyKY camo ynorpeSnmane - oHMe KOM pH nafameTo He ce uckpuimne. Toy 3aToa, mp HcKonyBameTO, bo GyHapckHor mpocrop ce Hajenn camo ABA orkpuienu ropHit je0BH Of BaKBH UrTHTORM (HEB. 6p. 133 u ini. Gp. 144), cousHaTH HHS cKaMHTe 80 noxsiero. Yerupa npyrit MTHTOBH, ON KOH TPH eH, Gea 3aTeKHATH cca 4,00 0 cca 6,50 M MOBHCOKO, ARpeKTHO Bp3 MpHe- ‘anor of O6HOREHATA Kya, OBMT=IeAHO ToBTOpHO naquarn, Kora Taa Kya ja noKMBeaTa cynGusta- ‘va wa mperxoqnata. mule207, BO Pamala Ha Muaxy, orkpmtena ropia LITHT HajqopMe HBO GyHapcKHOT mpocTop Ha Ky- ° nara no Kuexje, wagdara Henocpemto noKpaj nogoaruor CIM sii, pH AHOTO on ckasTe (apyrIt ovekyname fa ce Hajnar co RooTKonyBameTO Ha Gynapexara maxra). Toa € yurre egen enenenT oj orkpmtenure o6jexri no Bpasna w no Knexje TH MpaBi Hanlon aHaNOrHH BO MOTMER Ha Conp- >xuaTa OnOBHHa Of BAKOB 4. Xpononornja Crpareunznre GyHapu - Kym no Bpasna u no Kue~ axje npinafaar wa wacenGH 4MM AHTHUK KynTypHH caoeBH coupxaT KepaMaven MaTepijat (co Kapax- ‘repucTuKH Ha XemeHWSupana, MpeqoMMHARTHO RoMautmia MpoxyKtuija) Koj He Moxxe Ra ce naTHpA nopaHo of cpenuHara HAH of Kpajor na V Bex pen t.e., HTY NoOUHA On cpenHara Ha IIT BeK pen H. €.% JacHo € OTH Toa ce onTHMannuTe 2 Ha apyro mecto (H.Muxyzunt, 1976, 162) ¢ xaxxano nexa na rpanuurrero kaj Kuexkje ce naofaar esionn on Kananienst *werapexi" aun (wayctpapan ene parent), croper KOM XMBOTOT Ha OBa MecTO ce OBUBAA H BO paNHOT TT nex. per wc. Corsacno co mnuantre awrnikn nonaTon 3a BH siayopa, ona e craneno no ¢bysxunja Ha noxasew warepujan ‘pat y6uxawijara. Mefyroa, Bo contara Koja no 1994 romimaKynr. nacnen, 6p. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) 2 BPEMCHCKM PaMKH BO KOM MoXKeTe a HacraHaT onue o6jexrn. Ho, co ornex Ha xpynusrre ommrec- ‘TReHO - NONATHYKH H RoeHH s6uqHYBAmA mTO ‘Toraul ce caysmze Ha Bue mpoctopH (cosnaBatbe- ‘70 1 nogeMoT Ka TlajoneKoro KpasicrBo; napaen- HoT pocHlocTaByBame Ha BOeHA H MOMHTHNKA xe- Temonija on crpawa Ha MaxenoncKara ppxapa 3a ppeme wa ®unun II a Anexcannap Maxenonckn; wapnerypamcto na JInsmMax no Microuna Makeno- unja; excnansujara u orpaGynauKHTe MOXONH Ha Hlapnamurre on cesep; nponupor wa BonHcTBERHTe Keanu) W co ornen Ha norpeGata noonpeneneHo fa ce YTOWHH HeTOpucKHOT MoMeHT Kora GHLTe rpaneMm opHe cKanM cTpaTemmKH ObjeKTH, ce pas- Gupa saenHo co cbopracbuKamMicKHTe cHCTeMH Ha KOH MMC npumafaar, THe He HEH WBa BeKOBH peT- crapyBaaT mpemmory mIMpox BpeMeHeKH nujama- 20x. Orramy, ce HaMeTHysa mpamiasero: amu TH HMa W KOH ce MapaMerpuTe 3a HonpennsHO 7a- ‘Taparse? Tipu apxeoxomkoro ucxonysaise Bo Kxexje, 80 buarpemmocra Ha oOjeKtor mpoxtajnosme onpene- neo KOMHMECTRO bparMeHTH H NoTOTeMH Tem0BHL On cHBO H UpBeHO NeveHa patoaHTHNKa rpHapHia, nenoBH On rpyGn KyjNtCKH cayOBH, KAKO H nlap¥niba on ucTospemena rpajexwa (noxpmsHa) KepaMnKa. Osoj mavepajar, Koj Bo oOjeKtor ro careKne can mitre MopojHH BOAK Of epORHpAHHTe MOBHCOKH HonameMHH AeTOBH Ha HacenGara, ro cpekapaBMe a cHTe MAGONMEH, HaMeMTaH co MaKaTOT Koj MOA nejcrao Ha eposujara KowTHmyapano ce Hanacty- am, NO WenlocHoTo satpynynamwe wa ocrarommTe on rpan6ara. Kako Taxos, Toj apxeonomxn Mare- Pijan Hema qupexran penannn co warpanGaTa co ja oTvopmane mpexy aBeTe HajimrrensHsHo naceayBanK Te- pac on noxanmrevor (28 x 2,5.) He HajnosMe HiTy eneH ‘bparnen on Kepaninka nomaana on epenitara ta TIT nex. Haxo ynopno wacrojysame, so Texor na 50 ANesHOTO Mpe- crojynaine Tasty, Kananewa Kepananka He npottajgosMe WIT a nospumnnara, Takna Kepanitka He e Hajyena Wity Bo TleT- ‘Te apxeoounka cous mpi erpaxybaneTo Ha Apxeomoul wor mysej no 1986 roguma (ctopen weTepnara noKyMenTa- ‘ja na PenyGamxHor saBon 3a saurriTa), a HH MpH MHOTY- pojmmre apyru joceraumn pexorHocimparsa. cbynxnnjara Ha oGjexror, na, ocneH wrTo rH Hapa Tope moconenure OmmTH ApeMeHCKM PaMKIt, He HL Kopiera 58 aTHpaibe. Panoanranka kepawitka e mpowajena po Bpas- Ra, BO eHOPMHO KOMHEIECTBO (9.600 dbparMeHTH) - eneH fem BO BHaTpemHOcTa Ha OGjeKTOT, a Npyr Hen Ha Tpacure On mpcTanHTe, onHOCHO Ha Mpocropor nomefy sanaqHoT GenemcKM sma 1 Beprukanuara Kapa Bo NoAHOXxjeTo Ha puzor. Bo ‘Toa KONNYECTHO € COAPRAH H ONpEReMeH Gpoj bparmentn on noxsasnreran TpnesHM cazoBH, YkPAceMH BO ManHPOT Ha ATHIKOTO MOHOXPOMHO 1 upnenorpurypuo nasHo camKaperao®. Onoj Mav pujan uM nocnykH Ha McTpaxyBaHTe KAKO ROnOmMTeNCH HO paxKeH aPryMeHT Bp2 OcHOna Ha xoj ja ompenemune usrpanGara wa o6jextor no Bpemero of Kpajor Ha V jo cpenmara na IV nex pen #. €. Hinaky, KaKo mpecyneH xpoHoxoUIKH 0- kasaTes THe ro HeTakHyBaaT rpanlexKHHOT OMYC, BO Koj Pienaar oGenexje Ha aTHYKOTO rpanexKHH- 80 on Vu pax IV sex, np To, Bo OORT Ha oGere nojasn na WM OGesGenar MeropucKa saqHH- Ha, Ce MOBHKYBAaT Ha AKTHBHOCTa Wa aTHHCKHTe ganaerann - KoaoHHCTH”, MefyToa, crpaTurpa- qpujara ua oGjexror no Bpasqa noomurro ue ana NOBOA 34 HCKOpHCTyBame Ha MpowajnenKoT Kepanuuen MaTepujam KaKo MepsTopeH eneMenT ga naTupasse, [ph ncKonysaieto, Toj marepyjan Gna HaofaH npeTekHo KOHNeHTpHpaH BO TopaHTe SOHM Of HannacreHara 3eMja, Ha ene NO YeTHpH MeTpH jAGOGHHA NOX MOBpuIKHATA Ha TepeHOT (aro sHa4H Haq po xopH2OHTOT Ha ropHMoT nem on Il chasa Ha rpanGara), noneKa no noomAMTe cnoeEH H KOH TH, "NORHO HBO” Ha OGjeKTor (scyumocr noKreTo of I (pasa, Ha AnaGounHa Ha cenym MetpH) Heronoro npucyerso Gusto nomamy- GpojHo™. Onaa cocrojGa HMKaKO He e BO cKMaR co »T, Muxynunf, 1990, 93 - 101 ® Hicro, 79, 100; - H.Muxynung - B.Coxonoscxa, 1.3, 80. * T-Mueysxong, 1990, 93. Buynonennnysa neKoopaHnpa- octa Ma HeKaDkysaibaTa Ho Bpexa co coreNGHTe 38 Kepa- Musxuor warepujaa. Taxa, wa eso mecto (T-Muxyssnk, Nx. 93 ) ce em gexa "..ce saGenemyna wsmecua THNO- OUIKa pasmuka Mefy HaoguTe oR ropHuTe N RoANNTE2 cKaxkyRamero koe HapHsIHO ja oTs>pna MoxHOCTA mponajlenara Kepamuka fa ce cmusHaa Bo O6jeK- ‘Tor of rope, HS crpMiiaTa ceRepHa mayyma Ha pu- JOT, a He @ RO COrMACHOCT HM co TRPHEHeTO HeKA cajopure OMe KpUIeHH Ha caMoTO MecTo, MpH nlorpeSauor prtyan®. Axo so oGjekTor HapyeTH- Ha Ro aHTHIKO BpeMe Gemre Gun BpmeH TAKOB purya, erparurpadbekara cnmka ke HMaile wspa- aeno o6parent pen. Bupoves, Bo npeTxomHOTO Ht slaraie HaHecoBMe MHOTY JoKa3H eKa Bo Bpasya BoommTo He ce paGoTH 4a rpoGua rpanGa. H euopsaoro kommiecrso a npoajteEMOT Kepa~ MilieH MaTepmjan yaarysa Wa 3aKTYHOK fea Toj Gun ceKyHnapHo BHeceH onHanBop”. Herpaxxy- natmTe Ha Bpasia ce enHmHH BO HCKAKyBaIbeTO jeKa, npn o6nonata, oGjexror on T casa w npuc- ‘TanoT Jo Hero Gw1e HajHanpen HestocHO HacunaNH ona KOMEMO- co 3enja, a noToa Gna HsTpanena * parupia rpanGa". Ce wameruyna mpamiarseTo: on kane Guia mosajMena semja (najmamxy 500M?) 3a ‘roa Hacunynarbe? Toafajén on cosHanmeTo neKa xarenure wa Tpaquurre - Bpasna rpax6ara ja o6noBue MHOTy CKPOMHO, AYP MpoBH30pHO, ynorpeGynajku ro crapnor rpagexer MaTepnjan Koj mM Gn mpi paka W jonpemynajgn HeKnanu- ‘TeTeH HOR Of HemlocpenHaTa OKOHHIa, MOKEME Ha mpernocranume eka 4a WachnysaiseTo THe eT ‘raka ro MpHMenmre Hajecuuor HaHH, A KORdH- Typanuijara Ha TepeHor TaKBa ITO Hajsre« “iit 61x TOKMY OR TOPE Aa ce ypHBa semja, WeKO- cnocon’, a a ppyro MecTo no HcTHOT 360pHNK Ha TpyHOBH (U.Muxysrung - B. Coxononcka, Ht, 80) ce THpAIE eKa “rwnonourKn pactanen ety naoniTe Ox pasn¥smie cxoemH ‘owoeno juiaGoxunen He ce saGenercanm” xysatt ta Aropara 30 Taco. Toj 6ystap, rpaes Hero TaKa Wo omye co KaMeND KeaePI I aGOK ees METPH (DHT pewen npewone 3.5), nax 12.00 cexyniapuo nucexm xepa suk pparnewr, AeAyMNO OM apxajexHIOT nepHon a Hajn0- rege on TV nex npex We, Kako H MoneTa ox 70a mpeme (Fr. Blonde - AMiller- D. Mulliez, 1989, 467 - $94), HL, Minxynun - B. Coxonovexa, 14, 90 SOPAH TEOPTHEB: Panoairruukn erpareuncy 6ysapy. nnawa Wa crpMnara naga uo ce HanHecysa Han o6jekror. Taa mamma wury Toraut Gua, airy me ec e crepmma Bo apxconomka ewmesa. Jomo HMTesIeH oKaS 4a BAKBOTO NOTeKIO Ha WacHa- nara senja mpereranysa (paxTOT eka BO Hea, MOK- aj bparmen™n on dina tpesia Kepammxa, Gea mponajjeun MHOTy noneke HexOBH ON OOHEH KyjHCKH cajoon, na H HspascHo MHOUITBO jeAOBHL on cocema npy6u, paso sapaGorenn nouns, xa Ko 11 Napuniba of MHTTOCH - KepaMMUKH KaTeropHit KOH nooGmacno ce cpexasear Ha -AuBeaxHIUEE ToBpMMHH, saeAHO CO 2KMBOTHHCKH KOCKH, MeTIET H pyro, ITO HeTO Taka € npoHajqeHo BO Haci nara semja. Bo cnysiajon, awruuxwre akHBeamn HH noRpunmim co Raxos MaTepHjan ce mpocTapaar HCOKO Hap OBjeKTOT, a TH HeMa HHKANe HaOKONY no HeronoTo pawunurre. Cnopen Toa, semjara Gu- sna ouMrAeAHO cNeNeHa OR rope, Ma HejsHHATA CO- APXUHIa HKAKO He MOKE a Ce JeMe KAKO KOpH- ceH MoKasaTen 3a BPeMeTO BO KOE GHA HsrpaeH oGjextor on I ¢pasa. Ocranyna na cia camo part paieTo cnopen rpaneXHHOT Onye, Ho, OGjeKTHB- Ho, TyKa nee He MOXE KATeropHTIHO Aa ce HeKAY- Sw enentyaanocra Toj qa OHA HarpaneH mpen Kpa- jor ox V sex, nam nak aypm no cpenunara on TV ek, aaumTo ce aHae OTH exHaMT mprepareumTe Ty KYMTyPHM BpenHOCTH pO Hamre Kpauurra ce 3a- ApKyane MHOTY ORONO OTKONKY Bo HOpasBHe- fre epenMi Kage THe Gwe KpeMpant. Tipu verpaxypamero no Kuexxje koncrarupanme eka efleH On rpanlexkuire MaTepHjamu KOH ce yno- ‘rpeGeHn Bo suxoBnTe On GyHapeKnor Hen Ha O6- jexror e Baposuior Manrep. Manrepor ce janypa Bo ¢byrute Mefy Gnoxonure, a Kaj KpyauurTaTa on sHmOBHTe ce raleNa AeKAa cHojuMTe HospuNMEH Ha Gnoxonure Guxe npematkaHH co MasTep mo We sara mmpownna, JleGenmara Ha cnojor Bo dbyru- Te HE © NOTONEMa ON NBa-TPH MuHMETPH, TAKA urTo € cocema jacHo nexa MazTepor HeMan yrora a NOBP3yBA4KO CpeNCTBO 4a SALIBPCTYBAIBE Ha SH- napujara, saurro GxoKonnre mefyceGHO ce ApKaT co cBojara TexNHa, mmposa H cnor. Orrany, * B. Coxonopexa, 1991, 170, T. 4, Ca. 1 - 10.iKynr, nacates. 6p. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) 23 emmucrBeHoro AorHuHo OGjacHyBame 3a yroTpe- Gara na onoj rpanexeH MaTepyjan ro Haofame BO cnenuewunuor Kapaxrep wa OGjeKTOT H BO TIOsHa- Toro ckojermo Ha napra ya AemyBa anrncenTHuKH a xeamndexnncen. Ta tpe6axo na ro cnpewt saranypameto (paasojor Ha MHKpooprammsMure) wa Boara Bo GyHapekara maxra, Bo cny'aj HHS gyrnre ety GroKonmTe na mpompe saraxena arMoctbepexa nona Koja NORMpa onHaNBop, npeKy nowpara, 3a npeseMameTo Ha BAKBa npeseHTuBa rpagurenure BepojaTHo ce onayauxe nopami oKomocta yeKa non3eMuNOT jem On OjeKTOT tenocno e «byxAMpant no Yakanecra TOBA, Koja € uspaseno Bopompomycna. Tp apxeonouKxoro HcKonynawe 3aGenexkaBMe H CHTYpeH HOKAs 3a onpanqanocra 1a Toj rpanexwmuut sacar: Bo Gy- HapckHor upoctop vecTo mpomupana arMoc- bepeka Rona, Koja, mpoOuBajkn ce Hus MaxTepor uw wenejki ce aps MATA OR sHAOBHTE, Ha HUD navaoxkiia naponiia ckpama. OffauBaRkeTO Ha To} Mpowec ROHOHUTeNHO ro NOTBPAUja XeMUCKO - MitllepaslomrKHTe HeniTyBalsa Ha MpAMepom Of Mastepor’, Hifeno, THe HoKaxKaa ZeKa npoulecor a KapGosmaanmja He © 3ampttien, OMHOCHO eka BO MasrrepoT € MpicyTeH roslem mpoueHT Ha cx0G0- Hew KaNUMYM - XHAPOKCHA, KAKO TocTeAMHA OM nloctojasiara WanoxkeHocT Ha Bmara. Yuorpe6ara Ha napon asrep Kaj HonseMHUOT (6ynapexu) yen Ha objexror no Knexje, o4n- ruieqHo co MpocpHNAKTHYKA Wem, He caMO ITO & nokaa nonexe 3a cynkuujara Ha OGjeKTor an ja oGjacuypa m waMeHara Ha ynrTe epex ememenT on Heropilor cocran - ojacot oft KONT KpynHospHecT MecoK (KaKOB HeMa BO GmlcKaTA OKOTHHA) CO Koj ce onarenn suonmre on HagBopemmara crparia, no uenara noxsenua seprukaa. Bes comuesarse, ‘roa e npsuor ¢bunrep, Koj TpeGan na pum dba- SHYKO Mpewuctypame Ha BOKaTa WTO TONMpaTa Kou suopue, HaGoparopreKare nenuTysaisa Bp3 Marrepor, Mefy ApyroTo, MoKaxkaa oTCycTBO Ha © Anammuara e nampuiena po 126oparopajara wa PenyGnas- wor sanog 2a 2aurTira Ha CHOMEHHUTe Ha KY:TTypaTa, Of cerpana wa gun, nox. Texwonor T. Cranmena, XTOPHAM, cysKharH M HUTpATH HO HeTOBHOT cocras (inaxy soo6iiaeHo mpucyrHH xeMHcKH exemeHTH Bo nowBaTa), mTo Moxe6H € MocnenAHa On nocpenynamero u edukackocra Ha mecounnor uarep. Teuepasuo, mpucyersoro wa napor ManTep # necowen ¢itrep, KaKo MpocbuTaKTHIKH KOMIO- HEHTH CO KOMGHEMPAHO PHSHIKO - XEMACKO Hej crso, cwiso ja onpaayna ceombartocra Ha npoek- ranTcKaTa O6MHcHeHOCT, RecbuHTHEHO MOTRP- ysajiia neKa 3ay Hea cTojar MuOry HcKYcHH apxH- ‘rexTH, cilenjanuerst 3a BaKDH OOjeKTH. Bo xpowoxounKn norsie, HocroemeTo Ha Bapon Mantep Kaj oGjexror no Kuexje npupnexyna HUMANE MpReHcTREHO KAKO HERUKATOP KO} OH ynarysat Ha HoMHenaTa eka cranysa s6op 3a Tpan6a on peaTHBHO AOUHEXeH AaTyM, ORHOCHO on xenemucrusxuot nepuog. Ona 2aroa HTo RypH i 3a To] MepHon pocera HeMaBMe ROKAXKaIH cosHanmja sa KopHcTeIeTo Ha BapoR MazTep BO Hanne Kpammra. OcBeH Toa, HO camo Ha upB orneg, H MMMO3aRTANTe HUMENSIM mITO TH HMA onoj crparemku o6jexr (Kako cermexT of (bopTH- cbuxauuckara ocmmenenoct, Koja 3a mpeayenon upetiiocranyna Hocrocibe Ha saBHmHa omHTHHKA W eKONOMCKA KIHMA Ha OBHle Npocrop) GH ynary- , MOKEOH, Ha BpeMeTO Kora TlajoHcKOTO kpasiergo, notnafajkn mon HomHTHNKa 4 BOeHA jypmcauknmja wa MaxeyoucKaTa xpxana, ja Mpeseno ynorara na nejsHit "cenepeH uITHT" H, Ha mocpeneH HaMiH, 4a3¢10 cooRRETHO MecTO Ha roraumara Mefynaponna nomuTHYKa cHeHa, Nopaalt urTo H caMoTo Toa KpancTBo (HeroBHTe rpajonu) Mcpazo jla nocenysa onpenenexH BoeHO - TexHICaKH noTeHTjamH. Hopamt weroTo, MoxHO © Ra ce HomMeT ocoGeno Wa enoxara Ha Ay0- eon, NpBHOT ajoNcKH BAaxeTeN co oebutpAjaTHa Kpaiicka THTY7a, Bo WHE BpEMe Tlajonna noxKHBE- ana Hajronem moyen « acbupManyja. pan Mefyroa, eqHo Apyro, Miory sHavajHo OTKpHTHe HO Koe Rojnopme Ro Kueakje, co curyprocr ja 10- Mectysa Hajpanara ynorpeGa Ha Bapo ManTep Kaj Hac BO TonTaGOKOTO MHHaTO. BoeqHO, Toa OTKpHTHe To faba M HajfoGpuor xpoxomouKH24 3OPAH PEOPIMEB: Pantoasrraxn crpareunkn GyHaps. penlep, mlocurypex on cure Apyrn, 3a oupeneny- Balke Ha BpeMeTO BO Koe ono] OGjeKkT Ow Hsrpa- nen. ViMeHo, no Gy#apckMor mpoctop, Bps YerupH GnoxosH on mMNeTo Ha CIM sun, OTKpHBMe ABE pAgMinIHH cHTHaTypH, KOM CO WAeTO TH Bpexae ANTHNKHTe KaMeHopectit, pen ta Guar 6I0KO- ure nsunaan (Cx. 6 - B). Ha yea GnoKa (enteH Bo ‘TperuoT pen H EReH BO CeRMMOT HAR HOKIETO, Gpoejiu osyjony uarope) crox Hera curHaTypa" A" a Ha pyrn jlea mITo exaT eneH Bp3 ApyT (BO TPe- ‘TmoT pen H BO BTOpHOT, Kane GIOKOT € BrpaneHt naonaxy) la nar ¢ MenMMaka cHrHatypaTa "KER". Cnenmepasiara rpaduja wa nocneuara Gykea Kaj BTOpHOT BHI cHTHaTypH MpeTcrasysa Gurua Kapaxrepucraxa Hejsunata ynorpe6a Bo TpYKHOT cBeT BPEMEHCKH © OTpANHYeHA Ha apxaj- CKHOT MepHOT H KYCO BPEME OCTE Hero, a CO O- ce6uo Hapaaena Gpojiocr Ha nosHaTH MpHMepH of nocaeguwre nenenun Ha VI no cpenmnara xa V BeK NPey H.e., Taka MTO BO NaneorpacpeKata Hay- a Taa CYAN KAKO ee Of OCHOBHNTE eneMeHTH ga pacrosnanaibe Ha panire (nonwoapxajcKn) TeKCTOBH HCHMULAHH co TPHKH amdaer. Cnopen mperacgor uiTo 3a cexoja oGnacr moofeaKo To nana oGemmara cryquja Ha LH. Jeffery”, naxna rpacbuja wa GykBara "po" e MHOrY IHpoKO pac- mpocrpanera 80 axTHaKa Tpunja, co mperexna ynorpeGa mefy Jonumre, wo He ceKane. Taka, 30 Lenpamia Fpauja ra e nooGnuaena wa EyGoja go Beoruja, xoyexa Bo Eruua a xa Arnka peste cocema oreycraypa (nosHaTH ce caMo Ba samH- napuu cpparmenra on Exeysnnnon so Arusa)*. Bpojimre npmuepa op Testononec (Kopasr, Em- naypoe 1 jyana Aprommna, Haxonuja, Enna) 30 najromem xen ce On mpsnre nenexmn Ha V BeK npen me.” Ha erejckmre ocrposit (Jlemnoc, He- ioc, Tapoe, Kung, Tepa, Kpir), KaKo tna jon cere (Kecpanomuja), ucrara e mpycyra wa war- nex ox toued VI # mpsara nioopuHa Ha V Bex. Bo ucroro Bpeme ce jasyba Wa HaTnMcuTe on rps ° LH. Jeffery, 1963. * Hero, 67, 80, 89, 109. » Mero, 152, 177, 181, 183, 207. xnre, raasio eyGojeks Konom na Cimuaja # Bo Jyxua raja (Kiwte, Haxcoc, 3aukie, Peruox, Xumepa), HoToa Ha WcTOBpeMeHUTe MoHETH 1 ApyrH npenMerst on opcKitre KoaoNNH Cupakysa, Tapenr, Merapa XuGneja, Kako 1 Ha MOHETHETE Of axajckara Konosnja Kporon®. 3a qarupame Ha upamepure on Tecasmja, no npsara nomopHHa Ha V pex, Kopuerar panute Mower Ha JIapuca, Kaj Kou rpacujara “R" jecuauranno ce samenyna co rpacujara “P* no cpemumata na Toj nex". Peo- rpacexit H KOMyHMKaNHcKH, ye HOGAHCKY 10 Hac ce mpmmepitre Kaj HaTMMcHTe Henman co napock# amader of Tacoc, narHpann nomery nocneyuara verepruia ox VI # pTopata veTBpTH- na on V nex. Tlogouyexnnre npercrannuus, naTmpanu Bo Tpetara YeTnprHHa Ha V eK, ce uspaseHo MazyGopjnn, pesucu emuneaH (Aproc, Enugaypoc, Merapa XuGneja, Meranort), a exe- ‘TPeMHO Ce PeTKH OHMe ITO ce aTHpaHH HO Kpa- jor wa ncruor Bex (Aproc, Beornja, Kupena), Cnopen Toa, curHaTypure ITO rH OTKPHBME BPs kamenme Gnoxosi po Kuexkje ce najcrapure na- THlapHH sanucH co rp4KM ampaGeT KOH jo cera ce npoxajjenn wa tepxropujara wa PenyGnuka Ma- keylonuja, Hu mpeocranyna camo qa ro mpone- HHMe MOMeHTOT Ha HHBHOTO Hactanyname. Muc- glaM jleka pearex H HajnpicparsHs npHeran Bo Taa HacoKa ke Owe ceneKTHpameTo Ha MOXKHUTe Tep- MMHH, NO MpHAKHHOT Ha eMMMAHANuja. HmeHo, chopey{ ceramauor creneH Ha HayaHne cosHa- ja, no cpenunara wa V nek mpey H. €. 50 Hammn- ‘Te Nocenepul Kpamurra He MocToene Taka usrpa- eH OMUITecTREHO - HOTUTHIKH H OMMITeCTBEHO - eKOHOMCKH MpHANKH, KOH OH Gute npenycnoB sa ROCTaHOBYBAIke Ha FpaCkH 2KHBOT, BO AHTHIKATA emma Ha 36opor, omHOCHO 3a WarpazGa Ha rpan- ckH choprupuKanuckn cucremH Kako Bo Kuexkje no Bpasga, 9a uM oem mpHapysKum oGjexTH Guo HykHO Aa ce aHraxupaar RepanpaHH apxit- Wero, 232, 242, 245, 247, 249, 270-271, 280, 296, 308. # Hero, 98, * Viero, 301;- Y.Grandjean - D-Knoepfler, 1973, 553, Fig, 1.Kynr. wacneg, Gp. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) 2s crexrn - Tyfmuu. Oj Apyra erpatta, uaK, TemKO Moxke la ce Monepysa JeKa curnatyprre on KHe~ akje BeMeNCKH KOMHIENAMpaaT co MOCReANMTE 1 peTKH ajeKBaTHH mpuMepx 60 Cpttrja, on uocTen- mnre jetlenmm na V nex, nopanm npocrara npr ‘ina urTo, RO BpeMeTO Kora Guste curHMpaHH Gaoxonnre Bo Knexkje, cnenmpmuntara rpadaja na Gyxnara "po" cenak Mopa fa Guna cé ymrre no noakrupia 1 ommMpoxa npaMera. Orrasy, onry- Mamunte BpeMeHcKM paMKit 3a cHrMaTypHTe, On- Hocto 3a WarpazGara Ha crpaTeMKNor OGjeKT co nojia cbynxrprja no Knexje, Gu ja onpaxaza rpe- vara eTsprava on V nex mpex He. Bo upHior Ha ‘Toa onaT M apxeonomko - erpararpacbeKure 0- aTOUM MITO TH AOGHEME co NapaTenHO coMRaIKHO HeTpaxypaie Ha TnanHHTe HaceNOMACKK HOBPI- nu ox Tpantuurre - Kuexkje, a 3a Kou oftemno Ke crane 360p Ha Apyro mecTo. Tipaiuamero 3a npeuaHo jaTupaise Ha aNanor- Huo o6jexr no cKorieka Bpasxa (I ¢pasa) ocrany- ‘Ba cé yurre oTBopewio Nlopanl, KaKo ITO TloKanpen € meTaknaro, OTcyCTBOTO Ha OOjeKTHBHO cHTypHH joKasarenu, Ho, co orney, na cb ona mITO ro cp Kapame Kaj Hero KaKO MeTa apxHTeKTOMcKa 1 qysiruicka conpaxnua, a ocoGeHo msajku rH mpe Buy HesHaunrennata qucranna (cca 50 KM om Knexje) # rioGanno saemumaxara reo-noamTH- ka, ofocio reo - crpaTemmka mpenonpesieHoct Ha Gara MHKpoperHoHH, MoxkeMe Ha 3aKNYSIMME je~ ka 06aTa o6jekrH Ce 1LIOR Wa eAHOBpeMena HoTpe- Ga Ha epiia cra cpenuna, Bo eneH ReT HcTOpHCKH Moment. Peepattrex 70Ka3 3a oBa Haute casmTe erpaxysayn wa Bpasja, 40 coogpetHo ne ro Komentupane. ViMeno, wa nucoumna 7,40 M ay, nojor on upcrantor Ha I (pasa, a 4,30 st nap nogoT on mpucranor Ha UI rpagexrta casa, THe oTKonANe extent 1p06 (rpo6 2) no Koj name epe6penta dpu6y- fa on Tal. "ManoasMjcK” THM, Koja tonaTHo ja navupaat Bo Kpajor wa V - noveToxor Ha IV Bex © UMuxyzané - B.Coxononexa, 1, 85, 87, Ca. 10. “ Haonot wa epoxua ¢pu6yaa saemuo co KeaTcKH Me Bo elem rpo5 on Bpasiacxo no P. Byrapuja (B. Huxozon, 1965); Raoner wa eponsnr cpu6ynu xaj cxoncKo Hepes, Koj pen We.", Makap UITO HMA sHsIMUH sa MOROKE- 2XKeH JaTYM Ha BaxEuTe HaotH. Ha TexHMUKaTa noKyMexTaynja mT ja mpuroxKHIE, jacHo ce rie eka Toj TpoG nexem BHCOKO Han ypHaTH- uurre Ha npnctanor on II dpasa, ToYHo BepruKasTHO Hay Heropvor WeToMeH napaneren sus. Cuopen roa, 10 BpeMeTo Kora Gna BKOUAH OBO} Tpo6 (spemero ua duGyara) enuononpyro nporeKxe cure GUTHH HacTaNM: HrpaqGaTa Ka oGjeKTOT, HeronoTo WacHIHO ypubame, Herosara oGHoRa (IT qhasa), Heronoro MoBTOpHO YpHBARe, KAKO i BPE MeHcKHOT HHTepRan NoTpeGeH Ja 3acHMyBalbe Ha ypilarunure co seMja, BO Koja oToa Guo wsKp- leo cloMeHaroro morpedysame, PeTpoctex- ‘THBHO, a pectleKTHpajéut ro BPeMeHCKHOT caxToP, BaKBHOT XPOHOAOMIKO - CTpATHrparpeKH Cie BOA noyuIaGoKo no V eK Mpem He., KAKO cxucrBEHO Moxulo Bpeme 3a I basa Ha o6jeKror Bo Bpasna. Crparemmure 6ynapy - Kynt BO Knexje Bo Bpagna uwaar nonekexparHo siasicwbe - ueTopitc KO, KYATYPONOMIKO, APXHTEKTOHCKO - YMETHHIKO, a npen e8 mayo, 3a mps nar, on HUB HosnanaMe xa Koj HAYHH paHoaHTHUKHTe rpaqoBH Kaj Hac TO petanaie mpoGnemor co BonooGesGenynaiLeTo, KaXo e7lHa ofl cHottre Hajcymrrectmenm norpeGu, p2aHH 3a ONCTAHOKOT Ho BOeHH Yex10BH. Kaj ose oGjextm cpekaname KoHKpeTHM noaToust 3a TO- raunimre doprudpukanncxm pemenuja a Home NpHAPYAHH eneMeHTH, 3a OcHOBHNTE MpHBIUIIE npn w3Gopor Ha soKammutTe, 3a npuMeHeTute rpa- urenckn crannapy, 9a TexHMKHTe Ha Tpaqere Kopiicreiure Marepiijanm, 4a enocoGwocritte H 110- ‘TeKoTo Ha rpagurTesTe, 32 MoTpeGwTe M Mokra ce naTupan po panuior IV nex (B. Coxosowexa - P. Tank, 1975, 233, 7. 1), Ho Koj conpokit W neORM ON TepaaH TO ce napaSorews op crakniena nacra, THIUMHH 3a KpajOT Ox TV n:3a Ill nex npex w.e. (enopeau B, Burpaxova, 1987, 67), Buau row amenerero Ha P. Baci (1987) 2a uaoqure ox ccxoncko Hepean i 02 oxommuara wa TIpoxymte. HL, Muxyssing - B. Coxonosexa, w.n., Ca. 1 0 3.26 Ha HupHuTe Hapavarenu... Bo HHB HaofaMe moC- PenHo cnefomTBo 3a Nlojanara Ha opranusupat Trpajicku 2kuBOT Bo MOcenepiTe jes10BH On PenyO- siuxa Maxenonuja, ypeneHt ctlopen craxnaprure Ha BIICOKOpaIBMeMHOT aRTHIKH cBeT On MemuTepa- HoT, ako He HoBege Torault Gapem BO BoeHO - Ges- Geauocuure acnexri. Tue ce XoKas 3a nocToe- meTO Ha sapiyita CKOHOMCKa H NOMNTHYKA MOK Ha onoj mpoctop 80 EHO MHOTY paHo BpeMe - Bo panara evama Ha KAaCHYHMOT MepHOR, a 3Ha- ‘wwrresHo pe BpeMeTO Ha HaM HosHaTHTE HajoH- ck BraaTesH m HMBHHTe KonaHM napH. OBa TOK- penyRa MHOry HOBH Mpauratba, Ha KOM HayKaTa Fonpso ke Tpe6a pa najxe onrosopu. Equo e Beke curypHo: Hajpanmre nHcoKH jocrpemH Bo rpanex- RIMITROTO TyKa He OHIe ROCTHTHATH NOR BrHjaHH- ero Ha Ariiia H Mopani RenyBareTo Ha aTHIKHTE KononneTH, nounynajgu on Kpajor wa V Bex per We., AMIE OPaHO H BO KOHTAKTOT CO APYTH jeTOBH on rpaxuor cer. Crenucikara Kaj curmarypare on Kneaxkje ne e aTH1Ko oGenexkje TyKy cmpOTHEEO on Toa (rpacpujara "R" mocreneno wevesHysa 110 T'pako - nepcucksre BojHm, eranio, a mpocropxo npHOmiDkcHo exBHRANEHTHO CO pacTexXOT Ha aTHI- ckara noMuaamuja). Ako Ma emeMeHTH Ha atusicko rpagexmmmrrso on V sex (oSpaGorKara Ha Gnoxonie po Bpasna) THe npaeHcTBeHo MOxE- ne na Guar nocpenHH, MpexecenH mpeKy PYTH, reorpacbckH NOGIHCKH KyTypHH cpenAEM, KOH yurre oj Nopao HMaze BocttocraneHM BpCKH CO Buarpemmocra wa Bankaxor. “[[apexraute” nix- januja on Aruna, rnapHo macupanm mpexy HejsH- Hara xostonuja Amdunome, nome xo wspas owia, typi no Hlenonoweckara Bojtia, of wocmen- ure HeKomKy ronan na V nex na Havamy. TIpen ‘roa, ceonurr MoKonon Bo pemammure co GanKaH- ckata BHATpemIMOcT uMane, Om ena CTpara, Ma- pockara Konouuja Tacoc (co cnonre emmopiit Ha SOPAH TEOPIHEB: Pavioairuvxu crparemku GyHapy. HeTOURHOT MaKeNOHCKH Oper) Koja onro roctto- napena co pynumnsre wa TTaxraj x co Tprosckitre natmurra Kony jomoro Tevenne Ha Crpyma, 2 On apyra erpaa Opojawre rp¥Ku, npentoMHnanTHo eyOojexm KooHMH Ha Xankuqwuxnor Tonyoc- ‘Tpon, HH KysITYpHM ANHjanmja BO cenepen mpanett ce onpupane yurre no VI nex mpen He. Hajpepo- jarHo on TWe cpenuHM noreKHYBane apxHTeKTH- ‘Te Kou Gune anraxnpann Bo Knexje 1 80 Bpasna, Bo on0j Moment cé yirre He aHaeme copes 44] KOHKpeTeH MpHMep HIK TePK GysTe TpaNeRM oBHE crpaTemikn GyHapy - KYM, HO Taa OKOMHOCT He HH Tpaby MpeuKu fa rH eTepMaHMpaMe KAKO TAKBH, IpH Mocroewero Ha penenaHTHH w BRATHEH OKasH 3a HuBHATa (byEKUMja, Ananormnre fon- Bo TpeGa na ru Gapame, cexaKo mefy conp>xH- HHTe Ha NouHOapxajcksTe - paHoKxaciann cbopTH- buxauncxn pemenuja no rpaxnor cnet. He moxe- Me coceM TONHO a YTBPAUME HO Kora OH BO aK- ‘THBHa ynorpeGa objexToT Bo Kuexje, a He ro smaeme HuTy Toa BO KOH GypHM HacTaHH Ha ABA nara Gun pasyprysax o6jextor 0 Bpaspa. Co MOTOseMa HAH MOMaA cHTypHOcr, 3a THE H 3a APYTH NoRpoGHocTH MoxeMe camo Aa MpeTHoc- ‘TanypaMe, uajii TH Ha YM cKyAHHTe MORATONH BO AHTHYKHTe MHMAHH HSBOPH KOH ce ORHECyBAaT camo Ha HajKpynEnTe HacTaHH Kaj Hac BO BeKO- BHTe TO HM MpeTXoReNe Ha pHMcKHTE OCROjy- natba, Ho, peke cme cHrypHH eKa crparemmKure Gynapit - xy on Kuexxje « Bpasna He ce emma crsennTe TaKBH OOjeKTH Ha HaiMoT reorpacbcKH mpoctop. TIpi HlunTe HeTpaxkyBaiba Ha noroxe- MuTe YTBPAeHH Hacen6H of paHoTo aHTAYKO pee ceKako Ke ce Hajnar H Apyrm, urTo He Ke une TeMKo, Ounejém cera, OTKAKO MPOHMKHABME Bo ToruKaTa crlopen Koja THe Gnmre rpanenm, BeKe TO HMaMe KIYSOT 3a HHBHOTO OTKPHBare.Kyar, nacaen, 6p. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1 001.36(497.17) a KOPHCTEHA JIMTEPATYPA - LH.Jeffery, The local scripts of Archaic Greece, Oxford 1963, - H. Muxysrank, Crapo Cxonje co oxommirre T=p- muna, Cxonje 1982. - Hi, Muxyarme, ¥Ouxanja wa Busasopa, Town next sGopHmk Ha bun. axyater, KH. 28/2, Ckonje 1976. - H. Muxysrmk - B. Coxonoscxa, Tpo6uuua Bo Bpasja kaj Cxonje, Macedoniae acta archaeolo- gica- 11, Skopje 1990. - B, Coxonoscxa, Pawoauruaka paso paGorena kepammka Bo Makenonnja, Macedoniae acta archaeologica 12, Ckonje 1991 - G. Mikuléié, Gradi8te /Brazda, Ranoantitka grobnica, Arheoloski pregled - 28 (1988), Ljubljana 1990. - P.-Muxyaruk, Kawrapocu m cxucpocu ox rpo6iumara no Bpasxa, Macedoniae acta archaeo- ogica - 11, Skopje 1990. - G. Mikulchich, Early classical crypt in Brazda, Macedonian newsmagazine, No 4-5, 1992. - K, Henpos, Axnexyktor Kaj Cxorje # npo6ne- Mor Ha Heronoro RaTHparse, TonmmneH sGopHMK Ha un. axyarer, KH. 13, CKonje 1962. = Fr Blonde - A.Miller - D.Mulliez, Le comble-ment @un puits public 4 Thasos, BCH, Vol. CXII - 1989, = ¥.Grandjean - D. Knoepfler, La porte du Silene, Travaux de Ecole francaise en 1972, BCH, Vol. XCVIMM - 1973 - B. Haxonos, Tpaxwicxa nameranun 3p Bpa- ‘ancko, MAM - XXVIII, Copia 1965. - B. Coxonosexa - P, Tammx, Een rpo6 on Kya- neu, 360pHnK Ha Apxeonomnot my3cj VI - VII, Cxonje 1975. - B, Bunpaxora, Cnomenmpr on Xenennernaxnor nepuox no CP Makegonmja, Cxonje 1987. = R Vasié, Oblast istotnog Kosova, juine Srbije i se- verne Makedonije, Praistorija jugoslavenskih ze- malja - V, Sarajevo 1987,28 3OPAH PEOPTHEB: Pauoaerwven erpareunkn Oynapu. Early antique Tower-wells in Brazda, near Skopje, and Knezje, near Sveti Nikole Zoran GEORGIEV SUMMARY Among the newly excavated arceological discoveries in the Republic of Maceodnia, two analogue tower- wells from the Early antique period are of special significance. The first one was discovered in 1986 near the village of Brazda, 10 km north of Skopje. In the professional literature it was presented as a monu- ‘mental imperial cemetery from the Vth to IVth century BC about which no firm evidence existed. The other object near the village of Knezje, 4 km southwest of Sveti Nikole (Eastern Macedonia), which was ecxavated by me in 1994, has provided exact data that these objects were actually somethnig else, and had totally different function. Both objects have rectagular base, and their interior consists of the same three components: big under- ground chamber, 2 m deep shafi, located at the bottom of the chamber, and stairway down to the shaft (Fig.5 4-B). The shaft and the chamber are divided by an in- wardly protruded foundation around the walls. The disposition fo these components differs a little due to their location configuration. The inner-wall surface was lined with precisely cut and positioned stone or clay. Both configuration. The inner-wall surface was lined with precisely cut and positioned stone or clay. Both wells do not have outer facades, since they have been destroyed in the past. The objects were parts of huge fortified antique towns, administrative and military centers in Ovce Pole and in the Skopje valley, that existed between the Vth and the Hird century BC. Both objects have typical location: each of them is located at the lowest topographic level of the whole fortified town. That position is always located in a foothill, near a river, about 40 to 60 m away from the riverbed (Figs. 3 and 4). The geodetic instrument has shown that the highest point of the shaft was designed fo be at the same level with the riverbed. It was practically confirmed by the underground water that emerged upo to the foundation level in the Knezje well. This data, and the facts that the objects were integrally planned, simultaneously built, and organi- cally connected to the protective ramparts, show their primary function: they are strategic wells needed for survival of the population in case of besiegement. This study notes some evidence which that the two wells used to have overground portions (with wooden contructions and rooms), which were as hight as the nearby rampart walls, Such elevation indicates the secondary, but equally significant function of these tower-wells: the superficial parts of these objects were a kind of inward towers that served to intensify the defensive power of the most risky segment of the for- tification frame, resulting from its lowest topographic position, Two, out of four signatures, engraved in the antique stone blocks of the well in Knezje, give relevant data about the time when these strategic objects were built, The shape of the last letter of the signatures "KER" is ppical for the Greek alphabet from the archaic pe- riod, which in antique Greece was going out of use at the end of the Vth century BC. All the data and evi- dence imply that these strategic objects were built ‘during the third quarter of the Vth century BC. 1 think that foreign architects, specially skilled for this kind of constructions, have been hired (o built these tower- wells. They might have originated from Halkidiki Peninsular or from the Eastern Macedonian coast.Kya, wacten, Gp. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.052.6:628,1]001.36(497.17) 29 1 ORADISTE" BRAZOA -grobnica- ionoa 3 ‘ o Cou Ocnosa na o6jexror no Bpaana (1 wxesrrucpmeanuja cnopex Hi Muxyarané-B.Coxonoscka) Fig. Base of the object in Brazda (and identification according to IMikulGié and V.Sokolovsks)3OPAH TEOPTHEB: Panoawruuky crparemKn OyHapa. @) BYHAP-KYAA /ocnoea/ FPAAUUTE”- KHE IE. (C12 Ocnoua ua objextor Bo Kuexje Fig.2.Base of the object in KnezjeKyar, uacneg. 6p. 19-21/1992-94 UDC 72.032.6:628.1]001.36(497.17) wy - 3 = 4 x o a ia 6 LER i WY. » SS Lanting" Pa CAD . ~ (Cx3 Than wa rpaniurrerm xaj Knexje # wecrononox6ara ta Gykap - Kyra, Fig. Plan of the ancient town at Knezje and location of the tower-well2 OPAH FEOPIHED: Panoarerwsnxn expareun 6ytap wT PAAWMMTE* BPABAA (Ca Tran na rpazmmrero Kaj Bpaana a Mecrononox6a na Gynap - xynara, Fig Plan of the ancient town at Brazda and location of the tower - well@ KCC \ << 2 Cx. 6 Bynap-xyna bo Kner 5) Fig. 6 Tower-wellin Knezje: A)WPAAMITE” KHEKIE &) ees BYHAP-KYAAWJ PASWMUTE” KHEKJE BYHAP-KYAA nPeEceK MPEA J/3 SUD Ry KIWPAHA AAABOMHHA Cx. 5 Tipecens wa ofjexnsrre no Knexxje (A) 0 Bpasna (B) Fig. 5 Section of the objects in Knezje (A) and Brazda (B)J PAAUWUWTE" BPABAA BYHAP-KYAA cek PEA HCTONHMOT A: 4, _ LO é