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of Gaskets for Flanges (Soft, Spiral, Ring Joint)

Types Of Gaskets
For Flanges (Soft,
Spiral, Ring Joint)
Author: Projectmaterials
Posted: September 20, 2017 7 Comments

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Table of Contents #

Learn about the 5 key !ange gaskets

types (used in the oil and gas
industry): non-asbestos gaskets full
and raised face (used for low-
pressure, low-temperature and non-
critical applications), spiral wound
gaskets (for higher temperature and
pressure oil and gas applications),
Ring joint gaskets style R, RX, BX (for
RTJ !ange faces), Kammpro"le and
Jacketed gaskets. The article describes
the scope of each type of gasket, the
dimensions to ASME B16.20 and ASME
B16.21, the materials and give some
indications to select the right gasket
for piping applications.

Types of Gaskets for…

NON-ASBESTOS
GASKET
Non-asbestos gaskets are the
simplest type of gasket for flanges
and are produced by cutting graphite,
organic or inorganic non asbestos
sheets into shape (generally, with
water jet cutting machines). This type
of gaskets for !anges suits low
pressure, low temperature, and non-
critical piping and plumbing
applications.

The two main types of non-asbestos

gaskets are the “full face” (FF) for FF
flanges and the “flat ring” type for
raised face flanges (RF).

Non-asbestos gaskets have fully

replaced asbestos gaskets for
decades as studies demonstrated the
risks (for human health) associated
with the production, use, and
disposal of asbestos materials. The
ASME B16.21 speci"cation covers
non-asbestos sheet gaskets (types,
sheet materials, dimensions,
dimensional tolerances, and marking
requirements).

The terms, “!at-cut gaskets”, “die-cut

gaskets”, “compressed sheet gaskets”
and “asbestos-free gaskets” are
synonyms to de"ne this low-end
family of !ange gaskets.
To select the right material for non-
asbestos gaskets, multiple factors
shall be considered: !uid,
temperature, pressure, fugitive
emissions laws, and mechanical
issues.

NON-ASBESTOS
GASKET MATERIALS

The most common materials used to

manufacture compressed "ber
gaskets are aramid "bers (Kevlar),
glass "bers, elastomers, Te!on
(PTFE), graphite, neoprene mixed
with various binder materials (the
most common binder is NBR, i.e.
Buna-N):

Aramid NBR binder

carbon graphite reinforced
glass reinforced (steam service
gasket)
PTFE bi-axially oriented (silica
"ller)
SBR (styrene-butadiene)
CR-chloroprene (Neoprene)
EPDM gasket (ethylene
propylene)
!uorocarbon (Viton)
graphite
BUNA-n-rubber (nitrile, NBR
gasket)
chlorosulfonated polyethylene
(Hypalon gasket)
aramid + SBR binder (premium
type gasket)
graphite + ss316/316l insert
PTFE biaxially oriented (with
hollow glass microsphere) blue
PTFE biaxially oriented (pigment-
free)-gray
expanded PTFE gasket
PTFE joint sealant
PTFE envelope slit type
PTFE envelope milled type
PTFE envelope formed type
MICA sheet
ceramic "ber
Non-asbestos gaskets can also be
coated with graphite, for non-stick
and steam resistance, mixed with
PTFE for excellent chemical
resistance, or with EPDM for potable
water applications.

NON-ASBESTOS
GASKET DIMENSIONS

Soft Gaskets for ASME

B16.5 Flanges
Non-asbestos gaskets dimensions
(for ASME B16.5 !anges), in
millimeters

NPS d1 d2 (GASKET OUTSIDE DIAMETER)

(ID)
Class Class Class Class Class
150 300 400 600 900

1/2 21 48 54 54 54 64

3/4 27 57 67 67 67 70

1 33 67 73 73 73 79

1¼ 42 76 83 83 83 89

1½ 48 86 95 95 95 98

2 60 105 111 111 111 143

2½ 73 124 130 130 130.2 165

3 89 137 149 149 149 168

3½ 102 162 165 162 162 …

4 114 175 181 178 194 206

5 141 197 216 213 241 248

6 168 222 251 248 267 289

8 219 279 308 305 321 359

10 273 340 362 359 400 435

12 324 410 422 419 457 498

14 356 451 486 483 492 521

16 406 514 540 537 565 575

18 457 549 597 594 613 638

20 508 606 654 648 683 699

24 610 718 775 768 791 838

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All values in millimeters

Soft Gaskets for ASME

B16.47 – Series A Flanges
Non-asbestos gaskets dimensions
(for ASME B16.47 series A !anges), in
millimeters

NPS d1 d2 (GASKET OUTSIDE DIAMETER)

(ID)
Class Class Class Class
150 300 400 600

26 660 775 835 832 867

28 711 832 899 892 914

30 762 883 953 946 972

32 813 940 1006 1003 1022

34 864 991 1057 1054 1073

36 914 1048 1118 1118 1130

38 965 1111 1054 1073 1105

40 1016 1162 1114 1127 1156

42 1067 1219 1165 1178 1219

44 1118 1276 1219 1232 1270

46 1168 1327 1273 1289 1327

48 1219 1384 1324 1346 1391

50 1270 1435 1378 1403 1448

52 1321 1492 1429 1454 1499

54 1372 1549 1492 1518 1556

56 1422 1607 1543 1568 1613

58 1473 1664 1594 1619 1664

60 1524 1715 1645 1683 1721

All values in millimeters

Soft Gaskets for ASME

B16.47 – Series B Flanges
Non-asbestos gaskets dimensions
(for ASME B16.47 series B !anges), in
millimeters

NPS d1 d2 (GASKET OUTSIDE DIAMETER)

(ID)
Class Class Class Class
150 300 400 600

26 660 725 772 746 765

28 711 776 826 800 819

30 762 827 886 857 879

32 813 881 940 911 933

34 864 935 994 962 997

36 914 987 1048 1022 1048

38 965 1045 1099 … …

40 1016 1095 1149 … …

42 1067 1146 1200 … …

44 1118 1197 1251 … …

46 1168 1256 1318 … …

48 1219 1307 1368 … …

50 1270 1357 1419 … …

52 1321 1408 1470 … …

54 1372 1464 1530 … …

56 1422 1514 1594 … …

58 1473 1580 1656 … …

60 1524 1630 1705 … …

All values in millimeters. Dimensional tolerances:

For outside diameter NPS 12 and smaller: +0

/ -1.5 mm.; NPS 14 and larger: +0 / -3.0 mm.

For inside diameter NPS 12 and smaller: ±

1.5 mm; NPS 14 and larger: ± 3.0 mm

SPIRAL WOUND
GASKET
A Spiral wound gasket for !anges
feature a metal sealing element "lled
with graphite, PTFE, ceramic "bers
and, non-asbestos "bers ("llers). For
this reason, spiral wound gaskets are
classi"ed as “semi-metallic” gaskets.

The metal component of the spiral

wound gasket provides strength to
the seal, whereas the "llers enhance
the gasket’s conformability and
resilience. Inner and outer rings can
be added to the core sealing element
to facilitate the installation and
enhance the pressure rating. Spiral
wound gaskets with graphite "llers
are the most commonly sold type.

Flexitallic USA introduced spiral

wound gaskets in the petrochemical
industry back in 1912 to cope with an
increasing demand for leak-proof
seals in applications with higher and
higher (and !uctuating) temperatures
and pressures. Other reputable spiral
wound gasket manufacturers are
Garlock and Lamons.

Indeed, a spiral wound gasket is

designed to withstand, better than
other types of !ange gaskets, the
mechanical stress generated by high
temperature and pressure
applications. Spiral wound gasket
application range, therefore, from oil
and gas to power generation.

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The diameter of a spiral wound

gasket may range between a few mm
up to 5.000 mm, and the spiral
wound gasket thicknesses range from
3.2, 4.5, 6.4, to 7.2 mm.
A Spiral wound gasket may be
ordered in di#erent shapes, such as
oblong, rectangular, oval, pear and
diamond.

ASME B16.20 is the spiral wound

gasket speci"cation.

The round type is, of course, the

standard shape for the raised face
(RF), male-and-female (M&F), and
tongue-and-groove !anges (T&G) for
petrochemical applications.

SPIRAL WOUND
GASKET TYPES
A few di#erent types of spiral wound
gaskets exist, depending on:

the number of rings (outer and

inner)
the materials of the inner and
the outer ring of the gasket

Type 00: Spiral Wound Gasket

without rings: they are used for
tongue and groove, male and
female !anges.
Type 01: Spiral Wound Gasket
with inner ring: they are used for
male and female or special
!ange types.
Type 10: Spiral Wound Gasket
with outer ring: they are used for
raised face !anges.
Type 101: Spiral Wound Gasket
with inner and outer rings: they
are used for raised face !anges.
Special Section: Spiral Wound
Gasket with special rings: they
are used for special !anges and
special usage.
Each manufacturer, of course, has
speci"c codes to designate the
di#erent spiral wound gasket types,
but the typical designs are recurring
regardless of the producer.

The image shows how the di#erent

spiral wound gasket types used for Privacy & Cookies Policy