A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses.

An
independent clause can stand alone. A subordinate clause is a clause that starts with a subordinating
conjunction such as because, so, since, if, etc. and cannot stand alone.
The complex sentences that were presented show cause-effect relationship. Because, so, since and if are
commonly used subordinate conjunctions.
A Cause is a reason why something happens. An effect is the result or what happens because of something.

Underline the independent clause and encircle the dependent clause.

1. In the north, people prefer wheat because they make it into bread or noodles.
2. Mr. Salazar works very hard so he can be promoted.
3. If man doesn’t throw his garbage anywhere, there will be no clogged drainages.
4. Ericka became a social worker because she wanted to help others.
5. Filipino heroes died for our country because they wanted to be free form foreign oppression.

Match the causes in Column A with the effects in Column B to form complex sentences.

Column A
(Causes))
1. If we inhale unclean air
2. Factories in the cities dump their
chemical wastes into the rivers
3. Because the residents in urban areas
throw plastic and tin cans anywhere
4. Since some people do not practice
proper sewage disposal
5. If there is not enough clean water to
Column B
( Effects)
-- we will get sick of respiratory diseases
-- canals get clogged
-- so water gets polluted
-- we cannot cook food,use bathe, etc
-- the air will have anunpleasant smel