Tutorial_4_Immune system

1. Define the terms below:

a. Immunodeficiency= A medical condition in which your body does not have

the normal ability to resist infection.

b. Opportunistic infection= Infection that occur more frequently

c. Antibodies= secreted by lymphocytes in response to foreign cells

d. Allergen= a substance that causes an allergic reaction.

2. Describe AIDS disease.

AIDS disease is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV transmitted
in body secretions such as blood, semen and vaginal secretion. It commonly enters
body via blood transfusion or blood-contaminated needles and during sexual
intercourse.

3. Compare Immunodeficiency and autoimmune syndrome.

Immunodeficiency Autoimmune
When you do not have ability to defend When your body attacks itself.
against outside disease
SCID, AIDS Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia gravis.

4. Distinguish between immediate and delayed hypersensitivity.

Immediate Delayed hypersensitivity

- It appears and disappears rapidly
- It is induced by the intake of
antigen by any route.
- It is antibody mediated B-cell
response.
- Desensitisation easily but short
living
- It aappears slowly and last
longer
- Only by skin contact
- It isT-cell mediated response
- It is difficult but long living

5. Discuss the allergic response in hypersensitivity.

Allergen enters bloodstream. Then, B cells make antibodies. Antibodies attach to

mast cell. Allergen binds to antibodies on mast cell. Lastly, histamine is released,
causing allergy symptoms.