Proposed Sport Development Centre, Abuja, Nigeria:

Adequate Security Through Efficient Crowd Control And

Proper circulation

BY

OKESOLA, ISAAC IBUKUNOLUWA.

ARC/17/5480

A Thesis Report Submitted

To

Department of Architecture,
The Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo
State Nigeria

in partial fulfilment of the requirement for

The award of post graduate diploma in architecture

(PGD ARC).

NOVEMBER, 2019

i
 DECLARATION

I, OKESOLA, Isaac Ibukunoluwa (ARC/17/5480), hereby declare that this thesis entitled;

Proposed Sport Development Centre - Abuja Federal Capital Territory; adequate security

through efficient crowd control and proper circulation is my personal research work and has

not been presented elsewhere for the award of a degree, or any other purpose before.

OKESOLA ISAAC IBUKUNOLUWA. __________________

ARC/17/5480 Signature & Date

ii
 CERTIFICATION

We certify that this project work was carried out by OKESOLA, Isaac Ibukunoluwa

(ARC/17/5480) in the Department of Architecture, Federal University of Technology, Akure and

a partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Post Graduate Diploma in Architecture

PGD. ARC and in accordance with the regulation of postgraduate studies in Federal University

of Technology Akure, Ondo State

Signature: ……………………… Date……………………………...

Project Supervisor: Prof, Fadairo, G. A

Project Co-ordinator: Dr Aluko, O.O

Signature: ……………………… Date……………………………...

Project Co-ordinator: Dr Fakere, A.A

Signature: ……………………… Date……………………………...

Head of Department: Prof. Y.M.D. Adedeji

Signature: ……………………… Date……………………………...

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 ABSTRACT

Sport development is the gradual increase attainment and advancement of sport from

low level to a high level with due cognizance and consideration of the indices that

enhances the realization and actualization of sports development. And A sport center

is a place where sporting activities takes place. It is also a place where people can

play or witness different types of sporting activities. But the unavailability of a

standard sport development centre in Abuja has hindered the progress of sporting

activities and sporting performance both locally and internationally. For the purpose

of this project, case studies were carried out on both local and international existing

sporting centres to understand how they were constructed, how the crowd are being

controlled and also the effectiveness of the circulation within the centre.

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 DEDICATION

I dedicate this project to God Almighty, my creator, my divine provider, my strong

pillar, my source of inspiration, wisdom, knowledge and understanding. He has been

my strength throughout this programme and on His wings have I soared.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

To God is the glory, for the great things he has done. I appreciate God for his grace,

protection and provision before and during this project work.

I also appreciate the contribution of my parents Mr and Mrs Okesola Olusegun, who had

helped me this far in achieving my dream and place my foot on the solid rock. To my

honourable, desirably, loving, very understanding woman, my soul-mate, my encourager and my

helper, Miss. Shobo Adefoluke Anu. To my sisters Mrs. Okesola Aanu Grace for reading

through my project, My brother Mr. Okesola Ayooluwa Joseph, for their support and

encouragement.

I acknowledge all my lecturers for their fatherly support and for

impacting knowledge in me God bless you all. To all my friends; Mr. Irumeji Damilola all who

have been encouraging and support throughout the period of writing this project. God bless you

all.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

DECLARATION ii

CERTIFICATION iii

ABSTRACT iv

DEDICATION v

ACKNOLEDGMENT vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS vii

LIST OF TABLES xiv

LIST OF FIGURES xv

LIST OF PLATES xvi

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background to the study 1

1.2. Statement of research problem 2

1.3. Justification of the study 2

1.4. Aim and objectives of the study 2

1.4.1. Aim 2

1.4.2. Objectives 2

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1.5. Scope of the study 3

1.6. Research methodology 3

1.7. Limitation to the study 4

1.8. Expected contribution to knowledge 4

1.9. Definition of terms 5

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1. History of sports 6

2.2. Administration of sports in Nigeria 9

2.3. Benefits of sport 11

2.3.1. Improved cardiovascular health 11

2.3.2. Lower risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes 11

2.3.3. Helps manage weight 11

2.3.4. It reduces blood pressure 11

2.3.5. Enhanced aerobics fitness 12

2.3.6. Improved muscular strength and endurance 12

2.3.7. Improved joint flexibility and range of motion 12

2.3.8. Strengthens Communities 12

2.3.9. Mental health benefits 12

2.3.10. Promotes Social Bonds 12

2.4. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF STADIUM PLANNING AND DESIGN

2.4.1. Sustainability 13

2.4.2. Structure 13

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 2.4.3. Community 13

2.4.4. Aesthetics 13

2.4.5. Safety 13

2.4.6. Accessibility 14

2.5. THE NEED FOR THE PLANNING OF A SPORT CENTER 14

2.6. STEPS OF DECISION PLANNING 14

2.6.1. Orientation 14

2.6.2. Zoning

15

2.6.3. Location 16

2.7. BASIC FACILITIES FOR A STANDARD SPORT CENTER 16

2.8. SPORT DEVELOPMENT CENTER AND SECURITY 17

2.8.1. Natural Access Control 18

2.8.2. Protective Measures 19

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1. Case study 20

3.2. Objectives of case study 20

3.3. Case study one: national stadium complex, Abuja. 20

3.3.1. Description 20

3.3.2. Facilities provided 21

3.3.3. Appraisals 22

3.4. CASE STUDY TWO: AKURE SPORTS COMPLEX, AKURE. ONDO STATE.

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 3.4.1. Description 24

3.4.2. Facilities provided 24

3.4.3. Appraisal 25

3.5. CASE STUDY THREE: AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY SPORT CENTER

3.5.1. Description 28

3.5.2. Facilities 29

3.5.3. Appraisal 29

3.6. CASE STUDY FOUR: BIRMINGHAM UNIVERSITY SPORT CENTRE

3.6.1. Facilities provided 32

3.6.2. Appraisals 32

3.7. CASE STUDY FIVE: SYDNEY OLYMPIC STADIUM, HOMEBUSH BAY,

AUSTRALIA.

3.7.1. Description 34

3.7.2. Facilities provided 35

3.7.3. Appraisal 35

CHAPTER FOUR: SITE AND PROJECT ANALYSIS

4.1. Study area 37

4.2. The proposed site 37

4.2.1. Site location 37

4.2.2. Site location criteria 38

4.3. Site analysis 39

4.3.1. Climate 39

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 4.3.1.1. Rainfall

39

4.3.1.2. Temperature

40

4.3.1.3. Sun

41

4.3.1.4. Humidity

42

4.3.1.5. Precipitation

43

4.3.1.6. Wind speed and direction 44

4.3.1.7. Cloud 46

4.3.2. Topography 46

4.3.3. Access road 46

4.3.4. Vegetation 47

4.4. Site information 47

4.5. Design brief 47

4.6. Brief development 47

4.7. Brief analysis 48

4.8. Space allocation/schedule of accommodation 49

4.9. Zoning 51

4.10. Building concept 51

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CHAPTER FIVE: PROJECT APPRAISAL

5.1. Design appraisal 52

5.1.1. Spectator seating capacity 52

5.1.2. Crowd control 52

5.1.3. Administrative spaces 52

5.2.0. Construction methodology and building materials 53

5.2.1. Pre-construction operations 53

5.2.2. Substructure 53

5.2.3. Superstructure 54

5.2.3.1. Floors 54

5.2.3.2. Walls 54

5.2.3.3. Doors and Windows 55

5.2.3.4. Ceiling 55

5.2.3.5. Roof 55

5.3.0. Building services 56

5.3.1. Water Supply 56

5.3.2. Power supply and electrical systems 56

5.3.3. Fire protection 56

5.3.4. Sewage disposal and drainage system 57

5.3.5. Acoustic 57

5.4.0. Architectural design strategies 58

5.4.1. Circulation 58

5.4.1.1. Vertical circulation 58

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 5.4.1.2. Horizontal circulation 58

5.4.1.3. Vehicular access 58

5.4.1.4. Pedestrian access 58

CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1. Conclusion 59

6.2. Recommendation 59

REFERENCES 61

APPENDIX 64

xiii
 LIST OF TABLES

Table Description Page

4.1. Schedule of accommodation for the proposed Sports center 49

xiv
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Description Page

3.1: Ground floor plan, A.B.U., sports centre 30

3.2: First floor plan, A.B.U., sports centre 30

3.3: Section, A.B.U., sports centre 30

4.4: Map showing the site 38

4.5: Average monthly rainfall data for Abuja 40

4.6: Average weather data per month for Abuja 41

4.7: Average temperature data per month for Abuja 41

4.8: Average hours of daylight and twilight data per month for Abuja 42

4.9: Sunrise and sunset and twilight data per month for Abuja 42

4.10: Percentage of time spent at various humidity comfort levels in monthly 43

4.11: Average precipitation data per month for Abuja 44

4.12: The average of mean hourly wind speed in Abuja monthly 45

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 4.13: Wind direction from each cardinal point in Abuja monthly 45

4.14: Average cloud data for Abuja 46

LIST OF PLATES

Plate Description Page

1: Aerial view of the national stadium complex, Abuja 23

2: Swimming pool of the national stadium complex, Abuja 23

3: Internal view of the main bowl of the national stadium complex, Abuja 23

4: Indoor sport arena of the national stadium complex, Abuja 24

5: Sitting arrangement at the football field of the Akure Sport complex

26

6: The lawn tennis court of the Akure Sport complex, Akure, Ondo state

26

7: The table tennis table, an indoor sport of the Akure Sport complex, Akure

26

8: The football field of the Akure Sport complex, Akure, Ondo state

27

xvi
9: The swimming pool court of the Akure Sport complex, Akure, Ondo state

27

10: The basketball court of the Akure Sport complex, Akure, Ondo state

27

xvii