a person who (relative clauses 1) can speak six languages. IT met a woman. She can speak six languages, Linas csneesicnanee peters passnesl a thing that/which . she > who Ll 1 sentence ver nnnnrnnnnny I met a woman who can speak six languages. Jack was wearing a hat. It was too big for him. LL m2 sentences. it — that or which ‘ ene FSO NCE a Jack was wearing a hat that was too big for him. Jack was wearing a hat which was too big for him. who is for people (not things) A thief is a person | who steals things. Do you know anybody | who can play the piano? The man | who phoned didn’t give his name. ‘The people | who work in the office _| are very friendly. that is for things or people: ‘An aeroplane is a machine | that flies. Emma lives in a house | that is 400 years old. ‘The people | that work in the office | are very friendly You can use that for people, but who is more usual which is for things (not people) [An aeroplane is a machine | which flies. (not a machine who ...) Emma lives in a house | which is 400 years old. Do not use which for people: Do you remember the woman who was playing the piano at the party? (not the woman which ...) ‘who and which in questions > ‘the people we met (relative clauses 2) =Exercises Unit 101 101.1 101.2 101.3 101.4 Choose from the boxes and write sentences: A ... is a person who ... . Use a dictionary if necessary. athiek a dentist, doesn't tell the truth is ill in hospital abutcher a fool takes care of your teeth -steals-things- a musician a genius is very intelligent does stupid things a patient a liar plays a musical instrument sells meat 1 _.A.thief. is, a. person, who steals things. 2A butcher is a person 3 A musician 4 - 5 — - 6 7 8 7 Make one sentence from two. 1 (Aman phoned. He didn't give his name.) The. man. who phoned. didn’t give his, name. 2 (A woman opened the door, She was wearing a yellow dress.) The woman a yellow dress 3. (Some students took the exam. Most of them passed.) Most of the students 4 (A policeman stopped our car. He wasn't very friendly: The no Write who or which. 1 met a woman WM... can speak six languages. 2 What's the name of the man haas just started work in your office? 3 What’ the name of the river flows through the town? 4. Where is the picture _.. was hanging on the wall? 5 Do you know anybody... wants to buy a car? 6 You always ask questions are difficult to answer. 7 havea friend is very good at repairing cars. 8 I think everybody went to the party enjoyed it very much. 9 Why docs he always wear clothes are too stall for him? Right or wrong? Correct the mistakes. 1A thief is a person which steals things. person who. steals, 2 An aeroplane is a machine that flies. OK, 3A coffee maker is a machine who makes coffee. 4 Have you seen the money that was on the table? 5 I don't like people which never stop talking. - 6 I know somebody that can help you. 7 [know somebody who works in that shop. 8 Correct the sentences who are wrong. 9. My neighbour bought a car who cost £40,000. 7the people we met the hotel you stayed at (relative clauses 2) ‘The man is carrying a bag. |» ven es very heavy. J ~ “es The bag (that) h carrying is very heavy, 1 sentence ern i | Kate won some money. | 5 onenees Whaat is she going to do with it? “ What is Kate going to do with the money | (that) she won? | evmennene f sentence a You can say: 1 The bag that he is carrying ... or The bag he is carrying ... (with or without that) the money that Kate won? or ... the money Kate won? You do not need that/who/which when it is the object: subject _verb_ __ object The man | was carrying | a bag = the bag (that) the man was carrying | Kate | won some money — the money (that) Kate won You | wanted some books ~+ the books (that) you wanted | ‘We | met some people = the people (who) we met Did you find the books you wanted? (or... the books that you wanted?) ‘The people we met were very friendly. (or'The people who we met ...) ci Everything I said was true. (or Everything that I said ... We say: 1 The film we saw was very good. (not The film we saw it was ...) Sometimes there is a preposition (to/in/at etc.) after the verb: Eve is talking toa man. > Do you know the man Eve is talking to? ‘We stayed at ahotel. -* The hotel we stayed at was near the station. Itold you about some books. — These are the books I told you about. We say: the books T told you about. (no/ the books I told you about them) ‘You can say “(a place) where ‘The hotel where we stayed was near the station. ‘The hotel we stayed at ...) You must use who/that/which when it is the subject (> Unit 101) 1 I met a woman who can speak six languages. (who is the subject) Jack was wearing a hat that was too big for him. (that is the subject) fa person who ..., a thing that/which ... (relative clauses 1) —>Exercises 102.1 Make one sentence from two. 1. (Helen took some photographs. Have you seen them?) Have you seen the. photographs, Helen took? 2 (You gave me a pen. I've lost it.) Tve lost the 3 (Sue is wearing a jacket. I like it) I like the vn 4 (L gave you some flowers. Where are they?) Where are the 5 (He told usa story. I didn't believe it.) I 6 (You bought some oranges. How much were they?) How 102.2 Make one sentence from two. 1 (Lwas carrying a bag. It was very heavy.) The bag. | was carrying was very heavy : 2 (You cooked a meal. It was excellent.) The 3. (’'m wearing shoes. They aren't very comfortable.) The shoes 7 4 (We invited some people to dinner. They didn’t come.) TRE en - 102.3 You ask your friend some questions. Complete the sentences. 1 Your friend stayed at a hotel. You ask: ‘What's the name of .... the. hotel. you. stayed. ak 2 Your fiend was talking to some people, You ask: Who are the people ‘Your friend was looking for some keys, You ask: Did you find the 4 Your friend is going to a party. You ask: Where is the 5. Your friend was talking about a film. You ask: ‘What’ the name of 6 Your friend is listening to some music. You ask: What's that 7 Your friend was waiting for a letter. You ask: Did you get 102.4 Complete the questions. Use where. 41 John stayed at a hotel. You ask him: Did you like ...the hotel. where you. stayed. 2 Sue had dinner in a restaurant. You ask her: What's the name of the restaurant = - 3 Sarah lives in a village. You ask her: How big is the 4 Richard works in a factory. You ask him: Where exactly is Unit 1028 o'clock 0 I start work at 8 o’clock. 10.30 1 The shops close at 5.30. midnight ete. 0 Bye! I'll see you on Friday. une ¢ Mon : oe ree ence |G What do you usually do on , Sundays? New Year’ Day etc. Mark Dey Be © The concert is on 22 November. 1 I'm going on holiday in October. 1B Emma was born in 1983. 1 The park is beautifal in spring. April/June etc. 2003/1968. etc. summer/spring etc. at the weekend © Are you going away at the weekend? at night 1 Lean't sleep at night. ‘at Christmas / at Easter | 0 Where will you be at Christmas? (but on Christmas Day) at the end of... © I'm going on holiday at the end of October. at the moment 0 Are you busy at the moment? in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening 1 L always feel good in the morning. J Do you often go out in the evening? but on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Friday evening / on Saturday night etc. : 1 I'm meeting Joanne on Monday morning. © Are you doing anything on Saturday night? ‘We do not use at/on/in before: © Are you going out this evening? 1 We go on holiday every summer. Last summer we went to Canada, © I’m leaving next Monday. (not on next Monday) this ... (this morning / this week etc.) last ... (last August / last week etc.) next .., (next Monday / next week etc.) every ... (every day / every week etc.) in five minutes / in a few days / in six weeks / in two years etc © Hurry! ‘The train leaves in five minutes. (= it leaves five minutes from now) 1 Bye! I'll see you in a few days. (= few days from now) injatjon (places) -» UnitExercises 103.1 Write at/on/in. Unit 103 1.90... 6 June 7 24 September 13 Friday morning 2 ..dM... the evening 8 Thursday 14 Saturday night 3 half past two 9 11.45 15 night 4 Wednesday 10 Christmas Day 16 the end of the day 5 1997 uw Christmas 7 the weekend 6 September 12 the morning 18 winter 103.2 Write at/on/in. 1 Bye! See you ..0M.... Friday. 2. Where were you 28 February? 3 I got up 8 o'clock this morning. 4 [like getting up early the morning, 5. My sister got married May. 6 Diane and I first met 1991, 7 Did you go out Tuesday? 8 Did you go out Tuesday evening? 9. Do yon often go out the evening? 11 L often go away the weekend. 12 I'm starting my new job 3 July. 13. We often go to the beach summer. 14 George isn't here the moment. 15 Janc’s birthday is December. 16 Do you work Saturdays? 17 The company started 1989, 18 [like to look at the stars night. 19 ['llsend you the money the end of 10 Let's meet 7.30 tomorrow evening. the month, 103.3 Look at Lisa's diary for next week and complete the sentences. saruRDAy Parky (evening) 1 Lisa is going to the cinema ...0n Wednesday evening 2 She has to phone Chris 3 She isn't doing anything special 4 She's got a driving lesson 5 She's going to a party 6 She's meeting Sam 103.4 Write sentences with in ... . 1 It’s 8.25 now. The train leaves at 8.30. ‘The. train. leaves. in, five, minutes... 2 It’s Monday today. ll call you on Thursday. I'll 3 Today is 14 June. My exam is on 28 June. My 4 Its 3 o'clock now, Tom will be here at 3.30. Tom days. 103.5 Write at/on/in if necessary. Sometimes the sentence is already complete, and no word is necessary. 1 I'm going .... 9"... Friday 7 What are you doing the weekend? 2 I'm going ...x... next Friday. (already complete) 8 [phone Robert every Sunday. 3 Lalways feel tired the evening. 9 Shall we play tenr next Sunday? 4 Will you be at home this evening? 10 I can't go to the party Sunday. We went to France last summer. 11 I'm going out. Pll be back... an hour. 5 6 Laura was born 1990, 12 Tdon't often go out night.He's got a camera She's waiting for a xi Its a beautiful day. a... = one thing or person: Rachel works in a bank. (not in bank) O Can I ask a question? (not ask question) Thaven't got a computer. © There's a woman at the bus stop. an (not a) before a/e/i/o/u: Do you want an apple or a banana? T'm going to buy a hat and an umbrella. There was an interesting programme on TV last night. also an hour (h is not pronounced: an Kou) but a university (pronounced yuniversity) a European country (pronounced yuwopear) another (= an + other) is one word: Can I have another cup of coffee? We use a/an ... when we say what a thing or a person is. For example: © The sun isa star, © Football isa game. Dallas is a city in Texas. A mouse is an animal, Its a small animal Joe isa very nice person. We use a/an ... for jobs etc. x: What's your job? &: I'ma dentist. (not I'm dentist) 1 ‘What does Mark do?” ‘He's an engineer” 0 Would you like to be a teacher? 1 Beethoven was a composer. 1 Picasso was a famous painter Are you a student? 4 car / some money (countable/uncountable) >Exercises Unit 65 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.4 Write a or an, 1.0%... old book 4 airport 7 university 2 window 5 new airport 8 hour 3 horse 6 organisation 9 economic problem What are these things? Choose from the box. “bird: fruit mountain — river. musical instrument flower game _ planet tool _vegetable 1 A duck is. bird. 6 Saturn is 2 A carrot is 7 A banana is 3 Tennis is 8 The Amazon is 4 A hammer is 9 A rose is 5 Everest is 10 A trumpec is What are their jobs? Choose from the list and complete the sentences. architect dentist shop assistant photographer electrician nurse taxi driver 1 She's a. dentist. 5 2 He's 6 3 She 7 4 8 And you? I'm Write sentences. Choose from the two boxes. Use a/an where necessary. sEewant-to-ask-yeu. Rebecca works in old house artist ‘Tom never wears Jane wants to learn 4 | pay question. I can't ride Mike lives in. bookshop foreign language My brother is This evening I’m going to hat bicycle [want to ask you a question.train(s) bus(es) (singular and plural) The plural of a noun is usually -s some nice places these students anice place this student singular (= one) —* plural (= two or more) a flower — some flowers atrain — two trains one week —> a few weeks a flower some flowers Spelling (+ Appendix 5) os /-sh/-ch/-x—> -es bus— buses dish —> dishes church — churches box — boxes also potato —* potatoes tomato — tomatoes -y + -ies baby — babies dictionary —* dictionaries party — parties -ys day days monkey —> monkeys boy —> boys -f/ -fe > -ves shelf» shelves knife —> knives __ wife = wives ‘These things are plural in English de lh Maa ( scissors glasses. trousers. jeans. shorts tights pyjamas 1 Do you wear glasses? 1 Where are the scissors? | need them. You can also say a pair of scissors / a pair of trousers / a pair of pyjamas tc. 1 [need a new pair of jeans. or I need some new jeans. (not a new jeans) Some plurals do not end in = this man —> these men one foot — two feet that sheep — those sheep awoman ~> some women —_ a tooth all my teeth _a fish > a lot of fish achild > many children _a mouse —> some mice alo a person —> two people / some people / a lot of people etc She's a nice person. but © They are nice people. (not nice persons) People is plural (= they), so we say people are / people have etc. : 1 A lot of people speak English. (not speaks) like the people here. They are very friendly. Police is plural: The police want to talk to anybody who saw the accident. (not The police wants) by atfon preposition + -ingExercises 66.1 Write the plural. flowers 5 umbrella 6 address 7 knife 8 sandwich 1 flower 2 boat 3 woman 4 city 66.2 Look at the pictures and complete the sentences. Unit 66 9 family 10 foot 11 holiday 12 potato 1 There are a lot of Sheep. in the field. 2 Gary is cleaning his 3 There are three at the bus stop. 6 The 66.3 1 I'm going to buy some flowers. Ok, 2 I need a new jeans. It a lovely park with a lot of beautifil tree. ‘There was a woman in the car with two mens. Sheep eat grass, David is married and has three childs Most of my friend are student. He put on his pyjama and went to bed. 9 We went fishing, but we didn’t catch many fish. 10 Do you know many persons in this town? 11 Llike your trouser. Where did you get it? 12 The town centre is usually full of tourist. 13 [don't like mice. I’m affaid of them. 14 This scissor isn’t very sharp. wus 66.4 Which is right? Complete the sentences. 1 Its a nice place. Many people ..99.... there on holiday. 2 Some people always late, 3. The new city hall is not a very beautiful building, Most people ~ like it 4 Alot of people television every day. 5 Three people injured in the accident. 6 How many people in that house? 7 the police know the cause of the explosion? 8 9 0 The police looking for the stolen car. I need my glasses, but I can’t find I'm going to buy new jeans today. 4 Lucy has got two : 5 There are a lot of in the river. are falling from the tree. Are these sentences OK? Change the sentences where necessary. \ need, a nen pair of jeans. OR | need. some, new jeans. go or goes? is or are? don’t or doesn’t? watch or watches? was or were? live or lives? Do or Does? is or are? it or them? a or some?this/that/these/those this (ingular) these (plu) that (singular) those (plural) Do you like this picture? Who are those people? Do you like that picture? this picture that picture this piceure here) aise hat picture there) these flowers those people ieee (e these flowers her) | HERE (= those people there) We use this/that/these/those with a noun (this picture / those girls etc.) or without a noun: © This hotel is expensive, but its very nice 0 Who’ that girl?’ ‘I don't know! 1 Do you like these shoes? I bought them last week. 0 Tho¥e apples look nice. Can I have one? - CyMmeel pug with a noun © © This is a nice hotel, but it’s very expensive. 1 ‘Excuse me, is this your bag?” ‘Oh yes, thank you! 1D Who’ that? (= Who is that person?) 1 Which shoes do you prefer ~ these or those? without a noun Svpitrotn Seng, 2 that = something that has happened 1 ‘I'm sorry | forgot to phone you’ “That's all right? 1 That was a really nice meal, Thank you very much. that = what somebody has just said: 1 ‘You're a teacher, aren't you?” ‘Yes, that’s right? 1 ‘Martin has got a new job? ‘Has he? I didn’t know that! 1 ‘T'm going on holiday next week’ ‘Oh, that’ nice? We use this is... and is that ... ? on the telephone 1 Hi Sarah, this is David. (this = the speaker) Is that Sarah? (that = the other person) We use this is... to introduce people: A: Brian, this is Chris, B: Hello, Chris ~ nice to mect you, © Hi AMANDA BRIAN cHris 158 this one / that one —Exercises Unit 74 74.1 Complete the sentences. Use this/that/these/those + these words: woh mete) ee MELT Cy birds house plates posteards seat ences (970 a ‘choos. (6 carevontre 1 2 ie iyesin Ee AoteS€. Do you like these. shoes 3 > How much are .&> =a d) 74.3 Complete the sentences with this is or that’s or that. 1 2 JANE: Oh, hi Sue. How are you? B ‘: U'm sorry I'm late. 5 a: Beth plays the piano very well. pi: That's. all right. B: Does she? I didn’t know ‘a: Lcan't come to the party tomorrow, 6 Mark meets Paul’ sister, Helen. B: Ob, a pity. Why not? PAUL: 3 on the phone MARK: SUE: Hello, Jane. Sue. 7 A: I'm sorry I was angry yesterday, Mark, my sister, Helen Hi, Helen. OK. Forget it! 4 a: You're lazy. 8 &: You're a friend of Tim’, aren't you? Bi enn HOt true! B: Yes, right,old/older — expensive / more expensive O° CI lz) AN [k95| (£10 old older heavy heavier expensive more expensive Older / heavier / more expensive are comparative forms, ‘The comparative is -er (older) or more ... (more expensive). older/heavier etc Short words (1 syllable) -» -er: old — older slow > slower cheap > cheaper nice > nicer late ~* later big > bigger Spelling (> Appendix 5): big > bigger hot + hotter thin — thinner ‘Words ending in -y — ~ier: casy + easier heavy —* heavier carly + earlier Rome is old, but Athens is older. (not more old) Is it cheaper to go by car or by train? (not more cheap) Helen wants a bigger car 1 This coat is OK, but I think the other one is nicer. 1 Don't take the bus. It’s easier to take a taxi. (not more easy) far — further: “How far is it to the station? A mile?” ‘No, it’s further. About two miles’ more . Long words (2/3/4 syllables) + more carefal => more carefal polite -* more polite expensive + more expensive interesting + more interesting You must be more carefitl. I don't like my job. T want to do something more interesting. Is it more expensive to go by car or by train? good/well > better bad — worse © The weather wasn't very good yesterday, but it’s better today. 1 ‘Do you feel better today? No, feel worse’ 1 Which is worse ~ a headache or a toothache? 184 older than ... ! more expensive than ... ‘the oldest / the most expensive >Exercises Unit 87 87.1 87.2 87.3 87.4 Look at the pictures and write the comparative (older / more interesting etc.). 1 heavy 2 big 3 slow heavier 4 expensive 5 high 6 dangerous 4000m —/5000m ae Write the comparative. 1 old older 6 good 2 strong 7 large 3 happy 8 serious 4 modern = 9 pretty 5 important 10 crowded . Write the opposite. 1 younger ....older. 4 better 2 colder ss 5 nearer . 3 cheaper 7 6 easier Complete the sentences. Use a comparative. Helen's car isn’t very big. She wants a... bigger... one. My job isn’t very interesting. I want to do something ... more. interesting. You're not very tall. Your brother is - David doesn’t work very hard. T work My chair isn't very comfortable. Yours is Your idea isn’t very good. My idea is These flowers aren't very nice. The blue ones are My bag isn’t very heavy. Your bag is a I'm not very interested in art. I'm in history. 10 It isn't very warm today. It was yesterday. 11 These tomatoes don't taste very good. The other ones tasted 12. Britain isn’t very big. France is 13 London isn't very beautiful. Paris is 14 This knife isn’t very sharp. Have you got a... one? 15 People today aren’t very polite. In the past they were 16 The weather isn't too bad today. Often it is much eeiudsHEEne 185older than ... more expensive than ... fotel Prices Hot er 0 (per 00 440 z ropa HOt! Lo nea Hotel 425 sah Hotel 110 Royal Hot & She’s taller than him. The Europa Hotel is more expensive than the Grand. We use than after comparatives (older than ... / more expensive than ... etc.) Athens is older than Rome. Are oranges more expensive than bananas? Its easier to take a xi than to take the bus. “Hlow are you today?’ ‘Not bad. Better than yesterday’ ‘The restaurant is more crowded than usual. ‘We usually say: than me / than him / than her / than us / than them. You can say: © Lean run faster than him, or I can run faster than he can. 1 You are a better singer than me. or You are a better singer than I am. I got up earlier than her. or I got up earlier than she did. more/less than .. 60 A: How much did your shoes cost? £50? B: No, more than that. (= more than £50) The film was very short ~ less than an hour. They've got more money than they need. You go out more than me. MORE THAN 50 LESS THAN 50 40. a bit older / much older etc. Box A is a bit bigger than Box B Box C is much bigger than Box D. © Canada is much bigger than France bi be Sue is a bit older than Gary — she’s 25 and he's 24. a bit The hotel was much more expensive than I better than mach | expected. more difficult more expensive You go out much more than me. 186 ld — older, expensive —> more expensive —> not as. as >Exercises 88.1 88.2 88.3 Write sentences about Liz and Ben. Use than. I'm 26. I'm not a very good swimmer. Pm 1 metre 68 tall. I start work at 8 o'clock. 5 I don’t work very hard. I haven't got much money. I'ma very good driver. I'm not very patient. 9 Tm not a very good dancer. 10 I'm very intelligent 11 I speak French very well. 12 I don't go to the cinema very much. is older than Ben. is_a, better swimmer than Liz 1 Liz 2 Ben 3 Lizis 4 Liz starts 5 Ben : 6 Ben has got Ben. Complete the sentences. Use than. He isn’t very tall. You're ....taller.. than him, She isn’t very old. You're I don't work very hard. You work He doesn't watch TV very much. You T'm not a very good cook. You ‘We don't know many people. You 7 They haven't got much money. You Tcan't run very fast. You can 9 She hasn't been here very long. You 10 They didn't get up very early. You 11 He wasn't very surprised. You BAW e Unit 88 Ben T'm 24. Pm a very good swimmer, Pm 1 metre 63 tll. I start work at 8.30. I work very hard, T've got a lot of money. I'm not a very good driver. I'm very patient, I'm a good dancer. I'm not very intelligent. I don't speak French very well 1 go to the cinema a lot. ee : Ben (OR, taller than he. is) Complete the sentences with a bit or much + comparative (older/better etc.). 1 Emma is 25. Gary is 244 Emma ... 16.4. bit older than, Gary. 2 Jack's mother is 52. His father is 69. Jack’ mother 3. My camera cost £100. Yours cost £96. My camera - 4 Yesterday I felt terrible, Today I feel OK. I feel 5 Today the temperature is 12 degrees. Yesterday it was 10 degrees. Its 6 Sarah is an excellent tennis player. I'm not very good. Sarah .not as ... as not as ... as She's old, but she’s not as old as he is. Box A isn't as big as Box B. © Rome is not as old as Athens. (= Athens is older) © The Grand Hotel isn’t as expensive as the Europa. (= the Europa is more expensive) I don’t play tennis as often as you. (= you play more often) © The weather is better than it was yesterday, It isn’t as cold. (= as cold as it was yesterday) not as much as ... / not as many as... © T haven't got as much money as you, (= you've got more money) I don't know as many people as you. (= you know more people) 1 I don't go out as much as you. (= you go out more) Compare not as... as and than: 1 Rome is not as old as Athens. Athens is older than Rome. (not older as Rome) © Tennis isn’t as popular as football. Football is more popular than tennis. 1 I don’t go out as much as you, ‘You go out more than me. We usually say: ay me / as him / as her etc, You can say: 0 She's not as old as him. or She's not as old as he 3 You don’t work as hard as me. or You don’t work as hard as I do. We say the same as © The weather today is the same as yesterday, 1 My hair is the same colour as yours. nD Larrived at the same time as Tim. ‘much}many — Uni ‘older than . more expensive than. —>Exercises Unit 89 89.1 89.2 89.3 89.4 Look at the pictures and write sentences about A, B and C. 1 2 Ai — A 5 ——«:; e B 1 Ais ...bigger than C, but not as big as B Ais B, but not 6 Cis A, but Ais , but 5 B has got 6 C works Write sentences with as... as... Athens is older than Rome. Rome ....ign’t. as. old, as. Athens, My room is bigger than yours. Your room isn't You got up earlier than me. I didn’t We played better than them. They T've been here longer than you. You She’s more nervous than him, He auone Write as or than. 1. Athens is older... 14... Rome. 5 Joe isn’t as intelligent he thinks. 2 I don't watch TV as much you. 6 Belgium is smaller Switzerland. 3 You cat more me. 7 Brazil isn’t as big Canada. 4 'm more tired today I was yesterday. 8 I can’t wait longer an hour. Complete the sentences about Julia, Andy and Laura, Use the same age / the same street etc. Julia Andy Laura 1 (ge) Andy. is the same age as, Laura. 2 (treet) Julia lives 3 (time) Julia got up 4 (colour) ‘Andy’ 189the oldest — the most expensive HOTEL PRICES IN KINTON (Per room per night) Europa Hotel £140 Grosvenor Grand Hotel £125 Bennets B Royal £120 Carlton D fd Astoria £115 Star Palace £110 Station Box A is bigger than Box B. The Europa Hotel is more expensive than the Grand. Box A is bigger than all the other The Europa Hotel is more expensive than all boxes. the other hotels in the city Box A is the biggest box. The Europa Hotel is the most expensive hotel in the city Bigger / older / more expensive etc. are comparative forms (—> Unit 87) Biggest / oldest / most expensive etc. are superlative forms. The superlative form is -est (oldest) or most ... (most expensive). | Short words (old/cheap/nice etc.) — the -est: old > the oldest cheap > the cheapest nice —> the nicest but good — the best bad > the worst | Spelling (+ Appendix 5): big — the biggest hot > the hottest | Words ending in -y (easy/heavy etc.) > the -iest: casy — the easiest heavy > the heaviest —_pretty —> the prettiest Long words (careful/expensive/interesting etc.) —> the most careful > the most careful interesting —> the most interesting ‘We say the oldest ... / the most expensive ... etc. (with the): The church is very old. Its the oldest building in the town. (= it is older than all the other buildings) ‘What is the longest river in the world? Money is important, but it isn’t the most important thing in life. © Excuse me, where is the nearest bank? You can use the oldest / the best / the most expensive etc. without a noun: Ken is a good player, but he isn’t the best in the team. (the best = the best player) You can use superlative + Pve ever ... / you've ever ... etc. : The film was very bad. I think it’ the worst film I've ever seen. ‘What is the most unusual thing you've ever done? 190 present perfect + ever > older | more expensive —>Unit 90 90.1 Write sentences with comparatives (older etc.) and superlatives (the oldest etc.). Exercises 4 ee Aj cp 90.3 | $$$ isan Able RESTAURANT A excellent RESTAURANT B net bad. RESTAURANT C good but: not wonderful RESTAURANT D_ aifidl £12.00 big/small (A/D) (A) 8) A is. bigger than_D.. A is. the biggest. B is the. smallest. Jong/short (C/A) Cis A ©) Dis ®) B young/old (D/C) D (B) © expensive/cheap (D/A) © (A) good/bad (a/c) (a) ©) Complete the sentences. Use a superlative (the oldest etc,). This building is very old. It's It was a very happy day. It was - Its a very good film. It’s - . She’ a very popular singer. She's It was a very bad mistake. It was Ie’ a very pretty village. It’s 7 Tt was a very cold day. It was 7 He's a very boring person, He's ooo ey sHeene Write sentences with a superlative (the longest et the. oldest, building in the town. of my life. es T've ever seen. in the country. I've ever made. Ive ever seen. of the year. - T've ever met. |. Choose from the boxes. ‘Sydney Alaska Everest the Nile Brazil Jupiter high large long country city. mountain river Africa South America state Austtala the world planet | | the USA the solar system Sydney. is the largest city in, Australia. Everest 1 2 = 4 - 5 6 191