_ MANUAL ON TECHNICAL GUIDELINES ‘® FOR HOSPITALS AND HEALTH FACILITIES PLANNING AND DESIGN VOLUME 5 - APPENDICES a DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Mania 1994APPENDIX A EXISTING DOH HEALTH FACILITIES (source: DOH - Hospital Operations and Management Service anc DOH - Bureau of Licensing and Regulation) Currently, the total number of DOH Goy'yPublic hospitals is six hundred twenty four (624) of various types sush as special, specially, medical centers, regional, provincial, district, municipal and medicare community hospitals: Included here are eighty two (82) new ten (10) bed hospitals spread over the fourteen regions which were constructed in 1990. Majority of these existing hospitals are in Region 4 (14%) but the total number of beds are concentrated in the Netional Capital Region/Metro Manila Ares (30.019 cf 41,428). Combining the government and private beds, Region 8 has the highest bed-population ratio of 1: 1040 while NCR/Metro Manila Area has the lowest with 1:248, This somewhat ilustrates the inequity of health resources distribution in some regions. 8.14APPENDIX B CURRENT CATEGORIES OF HOSPITALS. Based on Sec. 6 of the 0.0.H. Administrative Order No, 68-4, S. 1989, entitled "Revised Rules and Regulations Govarning the Ragistralion, Licensure and Operation of Hospitals in the Philippines" and pursuant to Sec. 16 of R.A. 4226, otherwise known as the "Hospital Lioensure A a) @ 3) @ hospliais shallbe classified as folows GOVERNMENT OR PRIVATE: Government Hospital - operated and mantained partially or wholly by the rational, provincial, municipal or eity government or other political subdivision, board ar alher agency thereol Private Hospital - privately owned, established and operated with funds raised or coniributed through donations, or by private capital or other means by private individuals, association, co;patation religious organizations, firm company or joint stock association GENERAL OR SPECIAL: General Hospital - provides services for all kinds of illnesses, s, Injuries oF deformities alhealth cars ‘Special Hospital - provides services for one particular kind of lines need PRIMARY, SECONDARY ANDTERTIARY CATEGORY ACCORDING TO SERVICE CAPABILITIES OFFERED: Primary Hospital - equipped with the service capabilties needed to support licensed physicians rendeving services in Medicine, Pediatrics, Obsteinies, and Minor Surgery, Secondary Hospital - equipped with tho service capabiliies needed to support licansed physi rendering Services’ In the field of Medone, Pediatrics, Obsteirics and Gynecotogy, General Su and. cther Ancillary Services, Tertiary Hospital - fully depertmenialized and equipped wih service capabiliies needed {0 support Certified Medical Specasts and other licensed phystbians rendering services in the field of Medicne, Pedialries, Obstetrics and Gynecalogy, Surgery, their subspecialias ard Ancillary Services TRAINING AND NON-TRAINING: Teaching and Training Hospital - departmenialized hospital with accrecited Residency Training Program in a specified specially or discipline. BatAPPENDIX D PATIENT CARE AREAS (source: Philippine Electrical Code, Article 7.11.6) Patient care areas, classitied as follows, shall be those areas designated by the governing bedy of tha health care facility in accordance with the type of patient care anticipated: a) 2) 3) General Care Areas are patient bedrooms, exerrining rooms, treatment rooms, clinics. and similar areas in which itis intended that tho patient shall some jn contact with ordinary appliances such as a nurse call system, electrical beds, examining lamps, telephone, and entertainment devices. | In Such areas, it may aio be intended that patienis be connected to eleciromedical devices (such as heating pad, electrocardiographs, cainage pumps, monitors, otoscopes, ophthalmoscapes, peripheral intravenous lines), Critical Care Areas are those special care units, intensive care units, coronary care units. angiography laboratories, cardiac catheterization laboratories, delivery rooms, operating rooms, and sinvlar areas in which patients are intended to be subjected to invasive procedures and connected to line- operated, slectromedical devices, Wet Location is a patient care area that is normally subject to wel conditions including standing water on the floor or routine dousing or drenching of the work area. Routine housekeeping procaduras and incidental spillage of liquids do not define a wet location, 3.41APPENDIX E CATEGORIES AND SOURCES OF HOSPITAL HEALTH GARE WASTE (source: Manual on Hospital Waste Management by the DOH Environmental Health Service) Health Care Waste are those generated from hospitals; clinics (2.9, medeal, veterinary. dental, maternity, Iyeng-in) laboratories; blood banks; research offices; drug manulacturersand other Insitutions, like schools, colleges. and universities and the like produsing heath care waste. Categories and Sources of Hospital Health Care Waste: A. General Waste ~ includes domestictype waste, packing materials, non-infectious arimal bedding, wastewater flom laundries end other substances that de nat pose a special handling problem ar hazard te humen heath or the environment B. Pathological Waste consists of tissues. organs, body parts from surgical operations, biopsy and autopsy, human fetuses and animal carcasses; and most blood and body fluids. © Radioactive Waste generated trom nuclear medicine section, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and the perephernalia used. This is in the form of solid. atid and gas contaminated with radio nuclides, exemplifiedby racio-lodine technetium 99 and tndium in particular, excrela of patients who urderwant radio isotopic therapeutt: appization, the needles and syringes, test tubes and tap waste washing of such paraphernalia. D. Chemical Waste comprises dissardad sold, quid and gaseous chemicals, for axampla from diagnos ‘experimental work, ard cleaning, housekeeping and disinfecting procedures. Chemcal waste may be hazardous or non-hazardous. For the purpose of choosing the most appropriate waste handling ie and method D1 Hazardous chemical waste is considered to be waste when iis = taxi conosiva (acids of phic? & bases of pH1>12): - flammable, + | reactive (explosive, water reactive, shock sensitive). genotoxéc (earcingenic, mutagenic, teratogenic or other wise capable of altaring genetic materia); for exemple, cyto-toxic drugs. (D2. Non-hazardous chemical waste consists of chemicals other than thos2 described above. suchas sugars, amine acids. and certain organic and inorganc salts. Infectious Waste Includes cultures and stocks of infectious agents from laboratory work, waste from surgery and 5.54autopsies on patients with infectious diseases, waste from infected patients in isolation wards, waste from potentially infectious cases, waste thal has been in contact with infected patients undergoing haemodialysis (2.9. dialysis equipment such as tubing and filets, disposable tovels, gowns, aprons, gloves and laboratory coats) and waste that has been in contact with animals Inoculated with an infectious agent or suffering from an infectious disease. Sherps include needles, syringes, scalpels. saws, blades, broken glass, nails and any othr ems that can cause a cut er puncture. Pharmaceutical Waste - _ Mdludes pharmaceutical products, drugs and chemicals tha! have been returned trom wards. have been spilled, are outdated or contaminated, or are lo be discarded becausa they are no longer tequired Pressurized Container Waste > include those used for demonstration or instructional and otier purposes, containing innocuous or inert gas, and aerosol cans that may explode if incinerated or accidentally punctured 55.2autopsies on patients with infectious siseases, waste from infected patients in isolation wards, waste trom potentially infectious cases, waste that has been in contact with infected patients Undergohng haemodialysis (2.9. dialysis equipment such as tubing and filers, dssposable tovels, gawns, aprons, gloves and laboratory coats) and Waste that has been in contact with aniinals inoculated with an infectious agent or suffering from an infectious disease. Shorps include needles, syringes, scalpels, saws. blades, broken gkiss, nails and any othar items that can cause a cut or puncture. Pharmaceutical Waste - _ thcludes pharmaceutical products, drugs and chemicals that have been returned trom wards, have bean spiled, are outdated or contaminated, or are to be disvarded becauss they ara no langer required Pressurized Container Waste + include those used for demonstration of instructional and other purposes, containing innocuous or inert gas, and aerosol cans that may explode i incnetated or accidentally punctured, 55.2APPENDIX F ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION SYMBOL ] A. OUTLET Ls FLOOR WALL AA DUPLEX RECEPTACLE 2. SINGLE RECEPTACLE © AS AIRCON ° 4 SPECIAL PURPOSE AS TELEPHONE © A6 INTERCOM ©, A7 GROUND AB ISOLATION MONITOR ROOM INDICATOR | AQ BED LIGHT w/O/O/4 4/6) O1O A10 X-RAY WARNING LIGHT a 561ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS DESCRIPTION SYMBOL B. FAN COOLING UNIT C. AIR CONDITIONING CONDENSING UNIT D. PANEL BOARD E. EMERGENCY LIGHT eo 5.82APPENDIX. SPECIFICATIONS AND RECOMMENDED DESIGNS OF X-RAY FACILITIES (source: DOH Radiation Heath Service} X-Ray Facilities for a District Hospital Maximum Bed Capacity: 100 Location: ideally located in the ground foor, near outpatient and emergency departments, Minimum Number of Rooms and Minimum Space Requirements: atleast 32 Square meters 1. X-ray room, darkroom and conto! rom = One (1) x-14y examination 1oom and control room - at least 18 square meters One (1) darkroom at least 5 square meters 2, One (1) film fling, tm viewing and interpretation room at least 8 square motors 3. One (1) restroom - at least 1.5 squate meters 4. Patient waiting area Equipment and Accessories: 1. One (1) 100 mA, 125 KV xray unit 2. One (1) pe. caliper with 1.0 cm graduation 3. One {1) unit S-gallon manual processing tarks or manual thormocontrolisd processing tanks. {if possible) 4, Thrae (8) pes. carbon fibrelbakalite casseltes with high speed intensifying screens for each x-ray film sue 5. Six (6) pes. til hangers for oach x-ray film size 6. Two (2) pes. darkroom satelights and one pe. darkroom exhaust fan 7. One (1) po. lead rubber apron and pair of lead rubber gloves with lead equivalence of at leas! 0.25 mm 8. Gne (1) po. wooden fitm dying rack One (1) pair of stirring pacidlos 10. One (1) pe, metalic stem dial type thermometer BIAA44. One (1) pe. darkroom interval timer 42, One (1) set lead markers 18, One (1) pe. tluminator for four fims 44, One (1) stationary grid 45, One (1) pairlead rubber gloves, 16. One (1) leaded passbox Manpower: 1. Aphysician who has been certtied as a medical spesialist in Radology dy the Department ot Health medical manpower committee (lor govarnment facilties) 2. Apiysician who has completed the module 1 of the Department of Health - Philippine Collage of Radiology Stopladder Training Program in Radiology | for primary government facilis ) 3. Atleast one (1) radiologic of X-ray technologist duly licensed by the PAS 4. One (1) qualified Radiation Health and Satety Officer Physical Plant Specifications and Recommended Desig Layout 4, Xray Room: 1.1. Allindicated wells of Figure G-1 (valls A to F) must be made of any ofthe fotowing materials toa height of al least 2 meters from the floor or ground outside the x-ray room a, at least six (6) inches poured concrete OA at least six (6) ches concrete hollow blocks with all cavities filed and packed with concrete and plastared wih at last 1/2 Inch cement plaster ‘on each side of the blocks, OR, b. at least 1/16 inch (1.8mm) thick lead sheet, Note thal care must be taken to avod punctures inthe lead sheet which may occur durng installation, Its recommended that the lead sheet be glued onto and sandwiched bolwoen wooden panels. 1.2. Both halves of the door leading to the xray room musi be lined with 1/16 inch (1. Simm) thick leet sheet from edge fo edge including door jarnbs (hana) to a height ot at last two (2) moters:flom the toor. To prevent sagging of eed sheet, they mus: not be nalled nor punctured. (tis recommended that the lead sheet be glied onto and sanduiched between wooden panels. 1.3. Windows must be provided for ventilation along wall Eut the base o| the window's must be located not lower thal two (2) meters from the ground outside the x-ray room, 1.4 Alead glass viewing window wit [ead equivalence of atleast 1.5 mm musi be provided for wall E The lead glass viewing window must be wide enough to view the patiert during the examination Tho outer edge of the lead glass viewing window should be at least 18 inches rom the outer edge of wall E. Wall shall not exceed 2 meiers in height to provide techniciarr-patient communication, 4.5. Ared warring light bulb must bo put-up outside and above the door leading to tho xray room to be illuminated automatically when the mache is swiched "ON". Warning notice on the door shoud BTA2have the following announcements: "X-RAY ROOM - DG NOT ENTER WHEN THE RED LIGHT IS ON" 1.6 Arectangular canal for electrical cables of the x-ray machine shal be proveled along the floor trom the high tension transformer to the hack of the control console booth. For information regarding the location andthe dimensions of the rectangular canal, the engineer who wll install he x-ray machine ust be consuited. This canal must be provided with @ caver made erther of wood, aluminum or tin sheats to protect the cables. It shall be constructed in sucha way that when the covaris placed, the ‘cover and the floor are at the seme level 1.7 Asieal rod with curtaine must be proveledd for the dressing booth. 1,8 Two (2) ste! rods, 50.¢m. long 45 cm. apart, for hanging lead rubber aprons and! lead rubber gloves must project from wall D. 1.8 Inside the control booth, a cassette rack (See Figure, G-2) for storing x~ay film casseties when they are not in use must be provided as nicated in the design. Note: Do net store x-ray tllm cassettes inside the darkreom, Do not leave x ray fms inside the cassette fora long period of time. 1.10 The waits shal have a minimum height of 3.0 meters, 1.11. A double pole, double throw (DPDT), €0 amperes, 250 vot satety swich box (for 100 mA, 125 kV xray machine) must be installed on the side of wall G, The bottom of the switch box should be at eyelevel Darkroom 2.4 The darkicom must be entirely ight proot. There must be no light leaks into the darkroom 2.2 A\light tight door must be provided in the darkroom, This door must be painted matte black and must have a door lock 2. The darkroom must havea dry area with a working bench for loading and unioading cf cassettes anda wet area for processing tanks. The darkrcom must also have a regular sink, preierably of tiled concrete, 2:4 The darkroom floor should be water proof and weshable, The floor and the lower half walls of the ‘wel area must be covered with bathroom tiles, pure chrome yellow in color, with a drain in the tloor canter 25 The ceiing and the walts of the darkroom excep! the lower half walls of the wet area, should be painted with chrome yellow with ne white pigment added{o the paint. The walls must be washable 2.6 Storage cabinet wth five parttions for diterent sizes of fresh x-ray tims must be provided above or underneath the counter top of the dry area (Ses Figures G-3a and G-30) 2.7 Fordetals ofthe construction ot atlisc conerete x ray hn processing tanks for manvaltlin processing, please referto Figures G-da to G-4d, A master tank must be made of tiled concrete with insert tanks that can be purchased commercially, 2.8 Onthe ceiling of the darkroom, lwo separate electrical convenience outlets must be provided, One 571.3is for the ceiling fan and the cther one is for white light (incandescent) llumination. 2.9 White light ilurination using incandescent bulb must be provided inside the darkroom for the purpose of carrying out work that does net require safelight. llumination is needed for activities suchas room cleaning, mixing of solutions, ete 2.10 A light-tightair-iniet and air-outlet with an exhausttan should be instaled inside the darkroom. The ait-iniet must be installed near the floor while the air outlet must be installed above the processing tank near the ceiling (See Figures G-5a and G-5b). 2.11 A standard safelight must be provided inside the darkroom. It ehould be installed 4 ft, above the working bench 2.12 Onthe wall ofthe dry area, three electrical convenience outlets must be provided at top level, ene of which is for the darkroom satelaht 2.19 Onthe wall ofthe wet aréa, an elacirical convenience outlet must be provided for the exhaust fan, 2.14 On the wall above the regular tank at a height of not lower than 100 cm. from the tope of the tank, ‘two steel rods 45 om. long and 87, em. apari must project 2.15 A wooden trame for diferent sizes of film hangers must be provided en the wal between the wet and the dry area 2.46 The darkroom must have an adequate supply of fresh water. 2.17 A par of plastic paddles must be provides inside te darkroom for mixing processing chemicals, ‘One will be used for rrixing fixer solution while the other for mixeg developer solution, 2.18 Fiber gliss tankor container wilh cover to be used for storing fixer Solution, mustbe provided inside the darkroom, 2.19 Awooden frame for film drying (See Figure G-€) musi be provided inside the darkroom iffilm dryer is not available. Reading’Viewing Room 3.1. A builtin cabinet with upper shelves far active fling of patient radiographs and lower shelves for storing X-tay request and resull forms, patient logbooks, patient indexes, and other supplies must be piovided (See Figure G-7), 32. A builtin x-ray flim viewing box (negatoscops) rust be provided, 32 Anelectrical outlet must be provided for the viewing box to provide power to the fluorescent lamps of the viewing box. Pationt Waiting Area 4.1 Benches must be provided along the corridor and adjacent to the x-ray room tor waiting patients. ‘oiners 5.4 For long term storage of unused x-ray flms, a room free of radiation and chemical contamination and air conditioned 24 hrs, day is required. SIAMNOTE: 1 2 3 271 t Al sides of the wooden frame are open, 2, Vertical frames (a,6,¢,¢) shall be 38.1 mm 38.1 mminsizes. bb. Horizontal frames (e.f. 4, ijkl) shallbe 38.1 mmX 50.8 mm insizas. Alidimensions indicated are in nilimeters. Figure@-6. WOODEN FRAME FOR FILM DRYINGTHREE OMENSONAL EW LATERAL VIEW X-RAY ROOM 2 EXHAUST FAN, WIGHT TAA DARKROOM X-RAY ROOM 1 uouT-T164T AINE (Segue 6-53) Figure G-Sb DETAILS OF ALIGHT-TIGHT AIR OUTLET fez _NOTE: 1. Thelouversandthe tight-tight ‘cover mustbe painted black, | Louvers a coven DARKROOM UsHrnesr cover Figure @-Sa, DETAILS OF ALIGHTTIGHT AIR INLETee TT ‘GRAY FUN Hy ps | WaTeRLeve, 3} 1] ste ran RAY FILM HANGER {@558 mm A439 Orn) _j vaNoran ¢ CONTROL KNOB Hance |< Lge= Figure G-4e. RINSE TANKINV ONISSAIOUd AVX 31AHONOS GL SHL IO WALSAS ONIGAINTA “dip ounbi4 Bais tov | | | 1 | (apa eauyn Nv wen No 1S¥aT AY CT-MEAO) Soa fib cree 5a ol ea aaFigure Gd DEVELOPER/FIXER INSERT TANKSINVL ENISSSO0Hd AVE-X SLABONOD GAIL “BPO ani ‘sioppuijnu U exe payeaipu suoIsueUIp IY “| SLON ‘GON NIMC BON Nv,NOTE: 1. Alldimensions indicated are in milieeters, Figure G-3b. FILM BIN (A ighttigit storage cabinet for fresh x-ray tims)rack shall be made of thiskwood or plywood. NOTE: 1. Allsides andpartitions of the wooden cassette 2. Thettamesstallbe made 0138.1 mmx38,1 mm thick wood, 3. Alldimensionsindicatodare n millimeters. FiguieG-2, WOODENCASSETTERACKG2 X-Ray Facil A B ies for a Provincial Hospital Maximum Bed Capacity: Losetion. ideally located in the ground floor, near outpatient arid emergency deparieents. Minimum Number of Rooms and Minimum Space Requirements: 1. Xefay room, darkroom and control room = Two (2) x-tay examination rooms and control room - at least 23 square meters each room = One (1) darkroom - af least 6 square meters One (1) flim fing, fim viewing and interpretation room = atleast 9 square meters each room 3. One (1) restroom - at least 1.5 square meters 4. Patignt waiting area Equipment and Accessories: 4. One'(1) 500 mA PYF >+ray unit with image intersitier 2. One (1) 100 mA x-ray unit 8. One (1) 800 mA x-fay unit, mobile 4. Qne (1) automatic fim processor, low volume, selected hospitals only (depends on film workload) 5. One (1) thermo conirelled processing tank, manual, 19 gallons & Three (3) pes. caliper with 1.0 cm. graduation 7. Three (3) sets lead marker 8 One (1) exhaust fan 9, Two (2) darkroom safetight 10. One (1) pe. metalic stem ial type thermometer 44, One (1) ps. darkroom luminous interval timer 12. Three (3) pes. lead rubbar aprons wilead equivalence of 0.25 mm 13. Three (3) pais lead rubber gloves or lead handshields 14. Six (6) pos, cassettes whhigh speed intensifying screen for each fli size 15. Six (6) pes: film hangers for each x-ray flm size 5.1.2116 (One (1) stationary grid 17. Two (2) negatoscope, 8 films 48. One (1) general purpose ultrasound unit, selected hospitals only 19. Two (2) loaded passbox Manpower: 4. physician who has been certtied as a medical specialist in Rackology by the Department of Health medical manpower commites (tor g>avernment facilfies) 2. A physician who has completed the madule 1 of the Department of Health - Philippine College of Radiology Stepladder Training Program in Radiology (for primary government facilities) 8, Al least one (1) radiologic or X-ray technologist duly licensed by the PRG 4 One (1) qualified Radiation Health and Safety Officer Physical Plant Specitications and Recommended Desig’Layout X-ray Room 1.4 Allindivated walls of Figure G-8 (walls A to 1) must be made of any of the following materials to a hoight of at least 2 mators from the floor or ground outside the *-ray room. a al least six (6) inches poured concréle OR al least six (6) incties concrete hollow blocks with all cavities fled and packed with concrete and plasterce withat least 1/2 inch cement Piaster on each side of the blocks, OR, b. atleast 1/16 inch (1.5mm) thicklead sheet. Note that care must betaken to avoid punctures: in the lead sheet which may occur curing installation It is recommended thal the lead sheet be glued ontoand sandwiched between wooden panels, 1.2 Both halves of the door leading to the x-ray toorns 1 & 2 must be lined with 1/16 inch (1. mm) thick lead sheet from edge to edge including door jambs (harrba) to a height of atleast two (2) meters from the floor. To prevent sagging of lead sheet, they must not be nailed nor punctured. itis recommended that the lead sheet be gluad onto and sandwiched between wooden panels. 1.3 Windows must be provided for ventilation along walls A. C and D but the base of the windows must be located net lower than two (2) meters from the groundifloor cutside the x-ray room: 14 lead glass viewing window with lead equivalence of at least 1,5 mm must be provided for walls F and |. The lead glass viewing window must be wide enough to view the patient during the examination. The outer edge of he lead glass viewing window Should be at least 18 inches from the outer edge of walls F and |. Walls F and I shall not exceed 2 meters In height to provide technician patient communication, 1.5. Ared warning light bulb must be put-up outside and above the door leading to the x-ray roorn to be tluminated automatically when the machine is switched “ON”. Warning notice on the door should have the following announcement: "X-RAY ROOM - DO NOT ENTER WHEN THE RED LIGHT Is ON" 87224.6 Arectangular canal far electrical cables of the x-ray machine ehall be provided along the floor from the high tension transtormer to the back of {he control console booth, For information regarding the location and the cimensions of the rectangular canal, the engineer who yrillinstal the x-ray machine must be consulted. This canal must be provided wth a cover made either of ‘wood, aluminum or tin sheets to protect the cables. It shall be constructed in auch a way that when the cover is placed, the cover and the floor are at the same level 1.7 Asieel rod with curtains rust be provided for the dressing booth, 1.8 Two (2) steel reds;’S0 em. long 45 em, apart, for hanging lead rubher aprons and lead rubber gloves must project from vals C and D 1.9 Sink with counter top must be provided inside the x-ray room for contrast media preparation, (Over or underneath the counter top, cabinets must also be provided 1.40 Inside the control console bosth, a wooden cassette rack (See Figure G-2) for storing x-ray fim cassettes when they are not In use must be provided as indicated in the design. Note: Do net store x-ray fm cassettes inside the darkroom Do not leave x-ray tims iisice the cassette fora long period of tine 1.11 The passboxes must be lined with lead at least 1.5 mm. thick. 1.12 The tollets should all be provided with toilet bowl, separate fauret, sink with its own faucet and drainage. 1.13 A double pale, double throw (DPDT), single phase. 60 amperes, 259 volts safety switch box (tor 400 mA, 125 kV y-ray machine) OR DPOT, single phase, 80 amperes, 256 volls safely switch box (for 300 mA, 125kV xray machine) or DPDT, single phase, 109 ampares. 250 yoits safety ‘switch box (for £00 mA, 150 kV x-ray machine) AND/OR DPDT. three phase. 100 amperes, 250 Volts safety suitch box (lor xray machine over SOOMA) must be installod on the side wail ct the control booth, The bottom of the swilch box should be at eye level Darkroom 2.1 The darkroom must be antiraly light proof There must be no light leaks into the darkroom 2.2. Aight - tight door must be provided in the darkroom. This door must be peinted matte black and must havea door lock 2.3 The darkroom must have a dryarea with 2 working bench for joading and unioading of cassettes and a wet area far processing tanks. The darkroom must also have a regular sink. pre‘erably of tiled concrete. 2.4 Tha darkroom tloor shauld be waterproot and washable The floor and the lower haf walls ot the wel area must be covered with bathroom tiles, pure chroma in color with a drain in the floor center, 2.5. The ceiling and the walls of the darkroom except the lower half walls of the wot area. should be: painted with chrome. yellow with na, white pigment added to the paint. The walls must be washable, 2.6 Storage cabinet with tive parlitions for different sizes of fresh xray films. mus} be provided 57.23above or Underneath the counter top of the dry area (See Figurés G-3a and G 3b) 2.7 For detaits of the construction of tiled concrete x-ray processing tank tor maaual flim processing in case of breakdown of automatic filn processor, please refer to Figures G-4a Lo G-4d, A master tank must be made ot tiled concrele with insert tanks that can bo purchased commercially. 2.8 On the ceiling of the darkroom, wo separate electrical convenience oullets must be provided. One is for the ceiling fan and the other ana is for white light (incandescent lumination 2.9. White light illumination using incandescent bulb mus! be provided inside the darkroom for the purpose of carrying out work that does not require safalight. INlumination is needed for activities such as cleaning the room, mixing of solutions, #tc 2.104 light-tight air-inlet and air-outlet with an exhaust fan should be insialled inside the darkroom. The ait-outlet must de Installed above the processing tank near the celling while the air inlet must be installed near the floor (Sea Figures G-5a to G-Sb) We recommend that the exhaust fan be attached to a ducting system. 2.14 A Standard safelight must_be provided inside the darkroom, It should be installed 4 {t above the working bench. 2.42 On the wall of the dry area. an electrical convenience outlets must be provided at joy lovel, one of which is for the darkroom safelight 2.43 On the wall of the wet area, an electrical convenience outlet must be piovided for 1h exhaust fan, 2.14 On the wall above the regular tank at @ height of not lower than 100 em. from the top of the tank, two steel rods 45 cm. long and 87 om apart must projoct 2.18 A wooden frame for different sizes of film hangers must be provided on the wall between the wet and the dry area 2.16 The darkroom must have an adequate supply of fresh water, 2.17 A pair of plastic paddle must be provided inside the darkroom for mixing processing chemicals. One will be used for mixing tixer solution while the othar Will De used for mixing developer solution 2.18 Fiber glass tank or container with cover to be used for storing fixer solution, must be provided inside the darkroom, 2.19 Gas mask must ba provided inside the darktaom for protectin against chemical fumes when mbting processing chemicals, Reading/Viewing Hoon 31 A built-in X-ray film viewing box (negatoscope) must be provided. 3.2 Anelectrical outlet must ba provitied on the wall of the viewing box to provide power to the iluorescent lamps of the viewing box 87.24Patiant Waiting Area 4.1 Benches must be provided for waiting patients Uttrasound Room 5.1. The room must be provided wth an air-conditioning unit Clerical Room 6,1 Abuilt-in cabinet with upper shelves for active filing of radiographs and jower shelves for storing x-ray request and result forms, patient logbooks, patient indexes, and other supplies must be provided. onets 71 Forlong term storage of unused kay firs, room free of radiation and chemical contamination and air conditioned 24 hrs. a day is required 5725