4. NOJABA V PA3BOJ HA, BOCNMTAHNETO Bocnurani a fase eee OTkaKO nocToM YoBeKoT, cnuTaHVeTO yoseKor cBecHo ja npinaronyaan epeammara ae vols nuween a Ban cpeqjuHata Bo Koja xuBeeN 3a cpow notpeOv. Vctopuckn repay ‘ AaHO, notpebaTa YoBeKOT Aa ja MeHyBa OKONMHaTA, a BO Toj n} pouec u ceGecu, co TeK Ha BPEMeTO, MoctaHana kapaktepuctuKka Ha a 4OBeKOBaTa npupoga. OcHOBHMOT penetrate ; ) Toa ce peanusupa e pabotata, Koja Pp aa CHOBEH YCNOB 3a ofBojysatbe Ha YOBEKOT Of ae uapcTso. MosHata e pesusata feKa pa6otata ro cosgana YOBeKOT. Npexy Taa pa6ora, Toj nouwan Aa KomyHuuMpa co Apyrute nyre uv cBecHO Aa TO NpeHecyBa CTEKHATOTO UCKYCTBO Ha nomfafata reHepayyja. Mputoa, saxeH acnektT 3a Toa mpetcTaByBa BOCNMTaHNeTO. Bo noveToKoT Ha \Mannusaliujata mu pasBojoT Ha ONWTeCTBOTO, BOCNVTaHMeTO NpeTcTasyBano HaMepHO M CBECHO KOMYHULYpalbe, npeky koe ce cakano HelwTO Ma ce npeHece Ha apyrute, unu fa ce Bnivjae Bp3 HuB. Co TeKOT Ha BPEMeTO, KAKO wTo ce pasBuBano OMLWUTeETCBOTO, YOBEKOT Ce nopeke cTaHyBan cpeceH fa TM KOpucTM ecbeKTMTe Of TaKBOTO KOMYHMUparse, noce6Ho BO OfHOC Ha mnagute, na oTTyKka BocnuTaHueTo Ce nopeke cTaHyBa cBecHa, wesMcXoAHa, cMcTeMaTHMHa opraHvsnpaHa AejHoct. Konkapo & 3HaverbeTO Of TaKBOTO npevecysaie, roBopaT cpakTuTe. Vimeo, Ges Toa He 6" 6uno opraHusupaHo HUTY fpovsBoAcTBoTo, He 6u 6un MoxKeH pasBojor Ha Haykata, TexHMKaTa M BOOMUITO ‘enokynHMOT paso) Ha uvBunusayyjata, a CO camoTo Toa M Ha YOBeKOT. Bes To} mpouec, z a3B0).< YopeKoT ce yuuTe Gu 6un Ha HajHucKnoT cTeneH OR eaaeale ol O4OBEY Hot KamenoTo speme. Boyunoct, porate PI Bes are nora. YogeKoT, BocnMTaHneTo OAMrpasO wary ys10 yn onuTectsoTo. Hema OnluTecTBO BO He 6 noctoen HM 4YOBeKOT, Seanned with CamscannerArp Posanwtia Nonosa Kockaposa ¥ koe He nocTow BocnuTaHHeTo. Ha socnutanveto Tpe6a ga ce rea kako Ha Ueto, MOXKHOCT 3a TpaHccbopmalvja Ha HUCKMTe OONu\M Ha NOCToeIng YOBEKOT KOH NoBMcoKuTe, xyMaHY O6nMuN Ha rsuCTHpaine “oBexor. Mopanu toa, MHorymuHa BenaT feKka Bocnurannery « Npopommysarse Ha esonyunjara M ApMpoAHUTe rojas, i MOBEKOBMOT paseo}, NpeKy CBECHM aKTHBHOCTH. Co tekot Ha sBpemeTo, BocnuTaHveTo og AgjHocr MpevecyBabe Ha paOoTHOTO UCKyCTBOTO 3apann Gesbenypar, ersucTeHuvja, ce noseke jobusano Kapaktepuctixa fa MHOrycTpaHa 4opeuKa KoMyHitkalyja. BoyuHocr, cTaHysa CBE CHa y Uenecoobpasna onuitecTBeHa AejHocT koja ™ HapMuiysa Pamuire Ha Mpevecysatbe Ha pa6oTHoTO. uckycTBO of TeHepauvia ig reHepauyja. Shaun, BocnuTaHveTo e nocnequua Ha PasBojoT Ha Yopexor y ONLUTECTBOTO, HO MCTO Taka e M ycnoB 3a Toj pasgoj. Ha To} Hayy BocnuTaHueTo ce noseke ctanysa MHOry BakHa onuwtectseHa Notpeba, 6es koja 6v Gun oHeBosMorKeH NOHaTAMOLUHNOT paseo) Ha ONLUTECTBOTO, OAHOCHO Ha YoBeKOT. Ha 2. OCHOBHM KAPAKTEPUCTUKU HA BOCNMTAHVETO @, OA npwunta wro He noctor Uenecoo6pasio AejcTBysarbe, Tyky cama Mex@HM4KO BexOabe 4 NOBTOpyBatbe Ha oppeneHn panKelb2 Hecomueno e AeKa VW 4oBeKoT @ SnonowKo cywTecTBo, wo sHa4l! eka W BocnutaHueto uma C80} npnponeX Gnonownn Kopel 1 (50 } A =A a Sanned with CamscannerBoseg 80 nenarorujara Mefytoa, 3a BocnuTHata cbyHKuyja He e AOBONHO camo Toa, Of npuuwka WTO BOCNMTaHMeTO e€ cBecHa M MnaHckM opraHvaupaka AejHocT, Koja uma cson wenn u sagaun, cBoja co“pKnHa uu oprakvsaTopcKn oOnMyn MeTogN n cpegctsa. 3Ha4M, BOCNUTAHNeTO e npeQ Ce HaMepHa, unTeHUMoHanHa AejHoct, Koja uma cBon kopeHi\ BO NpaNckOHCkaTa M HecBecHa rpyKa Ha KMBMTe CyLUTeCTBA 3a CBOUTE Mau UM Of Taa rpwKa ce pasnukyBa TOKMy No cBOojaTa cBecHa Hamepa. . Bocnumaxuemo e@ ceecHa akmueHocm u e eo dupeKmHa epcka u OGHOC co ocmaHamume KomnoHeHmu u npoyecu Ha passojom Ha unavBupyata. Noafajkn op cbaktoT geka YOBeKOT e homosapiens (pasymMHo, CBecHO cywTecTBO), Koj uma aKTMBeH, CBECEH M TBOPEYKM OfHOC KOH oKONMHaTa, Kaj Hero ce pa3sBuna cBect 3a notpeSata of BocnuTHo genysare. Bnpouem, 80 MpollecoT Ha OCBECTYBalbe M ONOBeYYBabe Ha 4OBEKOT, BOCNMTaHNeTO OAMrpano Uickny4nTenHa ynora. On Apyra crpaHa Nak, YenokynHoTo AenyBalbe Mo ogHoc Ha MnaguTe, YoBeKOT ro Npapen co onpegenexa en, WTO AoBeNO Ao Toa BocnuTaHeTo ce nogeke qa cTaHyBa UenucxopHa m ce noopraHusupatia AejHOCT. * Bocnumattuemo e opeatusupatia u cucememamoxa dejHocm , koja ce pasfukyea 00 mHozy6pojHume cnyvajHu u HeHamepHu, umnpoeusupaHu U HeceecHU sfujaHuja 60 YoeeKOsama oKONUHa. Osaa kapakTepucTuka He tpeOa fa ce cchaTw kako cTpora HopmupakocT, yHMcbopMupaHocT, wWa6noHu3zaM, Tyky Kako uckny4y“Bo noTpeGeH yCNoB Ha CBECHO VM pallMoHanHoO BopeHe Ha BocnutHata gejHocT. LlenucxogkocTa Kako kKapakTepucTuKa WTO NpetxogHo ja cnomeHasme HajcunkHo ce maHucbectupa npexy u3s6opot wm chopmynupatbeTO Ha Wenta Ha BocnuTaHneTo, CBecHocTa BO MpoMMcneHocTa M HaMepaTa BO pasBojoT Ha TM4HocTa qa ce us6epaT HajqoOpu naTuulTa, MeToAM u cpepctBa, Aogeka cuctematuuHocta M Oprakusnpakocta BO paspaboTeHvoT cyctem Ha uHcTMTyUMM uM Mogenn 3a BocnuTaHne (rpyna aptopu,1997), 0 Bocnumanuemo e onwmecmeexHa dejHocm Mu kako TaKBa, Toa e onwmecmeexo-ucmopucku ycnogeHo. Kako wto ce PaseuBano onwrecTsoTo, Taka ce pasBMBano M BocnMTaHueTo. Npwtoa, xapaktepnctuKute Ha coomBeTHaTa onLuTecTBeHo- ® Seanned with CamscannerexonomcKa cbopmauyja, OAHOCHO BOCNOCTABEHUTE Onur. OAHOCH, HaYMHOT Ha MPOMSBOACTBO M CNMYHO, Ce oppasy pocnutanneto.Taka, noctojat + — eBMAeHTHM Paani pocnuTaHveTo BO NPBOGUTHOTO, POGOBNALETENCKOTO, cbey | Taxa Kako WTO BNpOYeM ce pap, ' chopmauun mefy cee, Taxa I oe onwitectBO MTH. onutecTBeHO-eKOHOMCKUTe pasnukyBa Mi BOCrIMTAHMeTO. Pasnuku noctojat He camo Of AHA BO AP. onun cbopmauyja, tTyky BO pamknte Ha CAHO MCTO onurecr, | ce BOCNMTHHTe CHCTeMH Ha Chapra, i 1 Epugetex npumep 3a 10a Atwua BO Bpeme Ha po6opnageTencKoTo onwtectBo. Cnapra, og kako apxasa MHory Bojysana, HeryBana BOCNUTHA Len cuney y V3QPKNKB BOjHUK, CO MHOry Maliky nHTeniextynako BOCTUTaHne | uyTatbe, nnuiyBaibe, CMETalbe Mi Neetbe BOJHMUKH NeCHH. leuara cz ocnutysane Ha MHOry cypoB Hadi, Ha Vig ApxKNIMBOCT, >eA, raqy BOjHU4Ka NOCNyLWHOCT. Atuna nak, 6una pasBveHa nomopcka ApxaBa CO MH pagsnexa Tprosuja u mopennoscrso. Ha ATHHa kako Tpaf Apxae ” Bo Toa Bpeme He M Tpebame cumHn BojHMUM, TyKy YYeHH Ayre. 3atoa Ha BocnuTaHueTO ce NocBeTyBano M3BOHPeAHO ronewo pHumanne. Jeuata Ha aTuibaHuTe nocetyBane yuunuuuta yusTe oF 7-ta rognHa. MocToene noceoHu = y4nnvuwta 3a Mysto pocnutaHueHapeyeHn §=Kumapucmu, 3a cbusuuKo, —Hapesert nanecmpu, Kako w ramHasu. BocnuTHaTa Hen Bo ATuHa Guia kanoxaratuja- XapMoHMYeH pa3Boj Ha TesOTO nw ayxor, 1 ocnepHo ce ocTBapysan HM3 BOCNUTHUOT CHCTEM. Bocnutarneto ce ocmasapyea npexy odpedeHu codpxunts Husxata o6pacor npn wro of M360poT Ha CoAp:KMHUTe, HauuHuTe Ha MpeseHTauuja uv uxTepnpeTaunja, sasucat | peayntatiTe of BocnuTaHveTo. MpuToa, uenuTe, coppxneure t apuoct. BP akTuBHocTMTe Mopa fia OugaT BO o“peneHa komnnemeHT’ KOHTeKCT Ha 0Ba € Ml CO3HaHMeTO Aeka BocNUTAHMeTO Ce ocrBapye? Hug MHCTHTYLIMOHaNHY «MM BOHMHCTHMTyyMoHasH chop" sapicHOCT Of YenuTe, COAPKMHUTe H BUA;OBUTE Ha AKTHBHOCT . Bocnumanuemo e uHdueudyanex, Ho 60 ucme epents onwmecmeeH 4yuH u OejHocm. 3a pasnuKa OA onurecre , no) TeHEPal|UCKMOT aCNeKT KOj € NPeTE>*KHO cpunogocpcKo-cou! &) Seanned with Camscanner& sacHoBal, 3a MHAMBMAyanHuoT acnekt e kapaxtepetwu4Ha MewxXONOWKA 3acHoBaHOCT. NosHaro © Reka paspojot Ha ceKoja nuuHoct ce oneuBa non Bnvjanne 4; Tematcku Bex6u: ° OGjachn tm ww Haya om co Pas6upatbe cure kapakTepuctuku Ha BocnuTanueto * Wncopmupaj ce nogetanuo ATUHCKOTO BocnMTaHHe, KaKo 1 Crapmor Pum, Adanuaupaj 3a cnapTaHcKoTo 3a BOCNMTaHMeTO BO T™ BocnuTHMTe Yen. 3. OCHOBHU NEAArOWwKU NOMMU VY KATErOPUn Bo pamxnte Ha negarowKata Hayka, KaKO OCHOBHY noumn vu kaTeropuu ce uspBojysaar: socnumaHuemo, o6pasoeanuemo u Hacmaeama. Moxpaj HB, nocTojat u pyr Kon noOnucky ru OneAenyBaat OCHOBHMTe, OAHOCHO ce nomowHM. TaKBn ce: yielbe, camoo6pasoeanue, camosocnumanue, couujanusayuja, pecouyujanusauuja u dpyeu. 3.1. Bocnutanueto Kako HajlwMpok noum v4 npouec BocnutaHyeto e HajluMpoK Dead floum, HO M npoyec. Toa Npetctasysa ce oHa wTo NyfeTo cBeCHo, HamepHo, CucTematcku m opraHusMpaHoO fo NpessemaaT Ha nnanoT Popmupaise Ha nuyocta u Toa Kako of acnexT aay . Oprakusupa onuiTecTBoTO, Taka M of acneKT Ha al a Seanned with CamscannerHavenayata. SHaun, (i ‘opHocHo H : yw fonroTpaeH n nomen, komnnexceH ' Se “ cpopmnpalbe ya sMMHOCT.a Of pil Ouer. eronenryanel emouynonarieH, counjanen, (pMsn4Kn uTH, one uenonnoct wa annjannja, KOM ce pBpwaT on para oto BO YenvHa, onus eee eae Oe HacraBXAKCr, NOnMTHMUKA nay rpyna, cemejcTBoTo, YAANMUTET®: ese ae Pm, mac- MeQuyMy, noeguHun, Kako w npeky pi , MeTOpy, noctankn M COAPKHHM. Osue 6pojHi 4 pasHoBMAHH cpaxtopy, ( moxart fa 6ugat copmanHit “ necbopmanit) AejcTeyeaar cunyy HenocpeaHo um ce Aen OA ceKojaHeBHHOT KABOT Ha og wuguevpya. Merytoa, co opaa onpegenOa © OApEneHa cays egHata crpaHa Ha npoulecoT pocnuTaHve, a TOa @ BNWjaHVETO tg caxtopute (opmannuTe “ necbopmamHuTe). Mputoa, HuBHor, BnujaHne MoxKe Aa 6uge manky “nn noBeke MO3MTMBHO, Ho » HeraTusHo. CeTo Toa ykaxyBa Ha co3HaHveTo AeKa BOCNUTaHKeTo @ MHory cnoxKeH MH MasIKy egHocTaBeH Mpolec. Nopagu ceojara cnoxeHocr “ KoMnneKcHocT, a ocobeHO nopaA cbyHkunjata usto ja uma (opmupate Ha ogpereH cpojeTBa, OCOOMHN M UpTH Ha nuutoct) BocnuTaHveTo, € AonroTpaeH NpoUlec. Taka Ha npumep, He moxxe egHa nosvTuBHa Hasika, 6uno Aa e pa6oTHa, xurnexcka, kyntypHa, “nm nak MopanHa ocobuva (OffoBOpHOcT, YecHocT, ynopHocT, focneaHocT, xymaHocT) fa ce cbopmupa sa kparto Bpeme, 3a HeKONKy QeHa wnu HeAeNn. Toj npouec ce oABBa kako peayntat Ha fenysatbeTo Ha OpojHu cbakTopy, HO Mi Kako pesysTar | Ha flenyBatbeTO, OAHOCHO akTMBHOCTa Ha CaMaTa JIM4HOCT. Toa e npeuoT acnekt Ha BOChMTaHNeTO. | Bropwot acnekt ce COCTOM BO co3qaBalbe MaKcnmanilt peanHn MOxKHOCTM Ha CeKoja equHkKa Aa ce uspa3sn KaKO SMMHOCT, i OfHocHO fa ce opmupa Kako NUYHOCT. 1 Tpetvor acnekt Ha npoyecot Ha BocnuTaHne ce opHecysa #4 camara wHavevpya. Teopeukata ctpaHa Ha nuunocta @ A vMaHeHTHO sHavelbe. Konky noseke m moronema akTHBHOCT : OgHOCHO TBOpelTBO Og cTpaHa Ha BocnuTakMUMTe, TonKy NOOPS: 1 MoycnewHo, noyenoento copmupatbe Ha akTusHa m KpeaTMBH® smunocr. : Shaun, MoxKeMe fa KoHcTaTHpame jeKa socnuTaHHeTe Sanned with CamscannerBoseg Bo negarorujata eB0eTO HajluMPOKO SHavee ondbaka ceskynHoct Ha BnujaHvja HaCO4ECHM KOH chopmupaibe Ha pa3nuunn acnektu Ha nuyHocta: 3.1.1.Bocnumaxuemo 60 nomecuo 3Hayene BocnuTakveto Bo notecHa cmncna, Hajyecto ce ccbaka Kako vsrpanyBatbe MM OOnnKyBatbe Ha nuuHocTa mu KapakTepoT. BcywWHOCT, TEXKULUTeTO TyKa € cTaBeHO Ha eMOLMOHaNHaTa Mv BoneBaTa CTpaHa Ha Nu4Hocta. CogpyxuHata Ha BOCNMTAHVeTO BO MotecHa cmucna oncpaka cbopmupatbe Ha nO3MTMBHM KapakTepMCTHkM Ha BonjaTa m KapakTepot Ha NuyHocTa, Mopanky oco6uHV, AOCNeAHOCT, NpunuMnventoct, YoBeYHOCT u cn. OTTyKa, opaa onpegen6a, Hajyecto acoympa Ha HayMHOT Ha Koj poguTeNnuTe WN BO3sPAaCHUTe TO NOTTMKHyBaaT pasBojoT Ha CBOeTO AeTe BO pamkuTe Ha CeBKyNHOTO BNivjaHMe Ha Toj pasBoj Of acnekT Ha: cemejcTBoTO, MpvjaTenvte, onwrectBeHaTa cpequHa M Apyro, OfHOCHO BKyNHOCT Ha BNujaHuja Ha Kou AeTeTO Guo u3sNOr%KeHO BO cBojaTa COLMO-KyNTypHa cpeAMHa. BcywiHocr, Kora feHec Ke ro Yyeme cnoraHoT AO6po wn NoWo BocnUTaHMe, CNOHTAHO HU Ce HaMeTHYBa MICHlelbeTO Ha OApegeHA 4OBEKOBN OAHOCH M HUBHMOT KBaNTeT. 3.1.2. Vmexuuovanto u cbyHkuuoxasHo eocnumaHue Beke Hanomexasme feka BOCNUTHVTe BNivjaHvja OA CTpaHa Ha 6pojunte cbakropn (onwTecTBO, ceMejcTBO, yuunMuTe, BPCHYYM WITH.) MokaT Aa OugaT pasnv4Hn. Bo >xnBoToT Ha 4YoBeKOT ce KapakrepucTM4Hn MHory HeHamepHny, cnoHTaHM enujaHija, Kon MoxKkaT Aa Oupat nosuTuBHy, Ho w HeraTuBHu, TakeuTe Brivjahvja KOM MMaaT AOMMHAHTHO HeraTmaHo snijanve, He MoxaT Aa ce BOpojaT BO BOCnMTHH snujatuja, HO He Moe HiTy Aa Ce oppeve HMBHOTO NocToebe W Aenypatbe. Axo ce moTcetwme Ha OCHOBHMTe onpegen6u Ha Bocnutanveto eka e: CcBecHa, HamepHa, (mHTeHuMoHanta), NnaHeKa gejHoct, Toraly cnoHTanute, HeHaMepHn BNivjaHuja ce BOpojysaat oe TH ano eocnumanue. [lon cpyHKyuoH | Seanned with Camscannera-p Posanuna Nonosa Kockaposa cbyHkyoHanHo BocnuTaHne ce noApas6upaat nenesa Ha Kou Ges onpeneHa HaMepa, YECTO NATH M CTAXKjHO Boar Mop, Ha pasBojoT M cbopmupatbeTO Ha YOBeKOT. Toa e@ npoyer AejctBysaatT HeKOHTpONMpaHy YMHUTeNM, OAHOCHO onurte, 8 y cpegnna co cBouTe AO6pu, HO M MHOry 4ecTO nown Maree (Vukasovié,1997).HajeqHocTaBHO Ka)KaHO, BO Sy HaHa BocnuTaHve cnafa BnujahveTo of cpeAMHata, Mac Me, : coupjankitTe MpexkH, BPCHMUNTE, NOAMTHUKHTE NapTHH Hap, 4 ime, Nocton AejcTByBalbe, HO KOe MHXWOUupa4Kn BNnjae sp3 Pagegj.. cbopmupatbeTo Ha nosuTMBHH CBOjcTBa M LPT Ha NM4HocTa, 3a pasnnka 0 HeHAMepHOTO, cnOHTaHOTO snyjay, oprannanpanata, negarouk OcMMcneHa M CO onpeneHa ye HacoveHa onuTecTBeHA AKTMBHOCT Ce HapeKyBa UHMeHYLOHan, eocnumanue. MefaroulKo sHayerbe Mi AMTHUTET WMA cayp WHTeHYMOHaNHoTO BocnMTaHNe. Co oreg Ha Toa peg BOcnuTaHveTO e@ cBeCHa, HaMepHa, (vHTeHuNoHanta), a; onpefeneHa Yen AejHOCT, VHTEHLMOHANHOTO BocnuTaHHe os | NOMCTOBeTYBa CO BOCNUTAHUeETO BOOMLUITO (UCTO Kako NpeTxXopHo). Tpe6a fa ce pasnuKkyBa cbyHKMOHANHO BocnuTaHne op chyHkyMoHanHa nucmeHocT. VimeHo, nUcMeH YoBeK BO AeHEUKe BpeMe He € OHOj Koj sHae fa WTA, NULWYBa M CMeTa, TYKY NMuHoct koja e cnocobHa 3a uuTalbe u ynoTpeba Ha HajpasHoBnpH cumOonu, sHaun, Koja yMee ga nononHu chopmynap, Aa HanMue CV, copmanHo nucmo, fa ucnpatu meun, fa ce cHajje 8 AuruTanHuotT cBeT Ha xMBeebe, 3aTOA LITO Toa cTaHyBa Cc NoHeonxogHa noTpeba Bo JeHeWHO Bpeme. 3.2. OBPA30BAHUE O6pasosaHneto KaKo Negarowka kateropyja rm uma coneaHute komnoveHtu: NIpeama komnonenma ce ogHecysa Ha npenecysaie # yosojyeaibe Ha Hay4Hn sHaetba, wcbopmaunn, cbakr, 4oBe4" oniiTecraeHM BpenHoctu, om pasnnunuTe o6nactn Ha Haya kymypata, ymeTHocta, TexHukata, uwHcbopmatuKkaTa 4 ze O6pasopanneto He cmee a ce cthatu camo Kaxo mpoue® i 1 Seanned with CamscannernpenecyBabe Ha SHaelbaTa, Tyky M KAKO Mpoliec Ha ‘akTMBH cpecHo Mi KPITMUKO YCBOjyBalbe Ha 3Haeiba, BUCTHHM M BpeAHOCTH on cTpaa HalOHMe KOM ce o6pasysaar. Bmopama Komnonenma ce opHecysa Ha varpaAyBalbe pasempalbe Ha MHTenekTyanHn, pa6orHn, KyntypHM TeXHMYKM,, xurneHcKn M APYTM HaBNKN WM yMeelba, Toa e@ npouec Ha ocnocobysaibe Ha AM4HOCTa fa Moke BO CeKOjQHEBHMOT: KUBOT M go npakruKaTa fa ce cnyxn co Beke cTeKHaTHTe sHaetba BpeAHOCTY, KAKO MV cnoco6HocT camocTojHo, ofHOCHO no naT Ha camoobpasoBaHve fla ce CTeKHyBaaT HOBM 3Haetba M BpegHoctu. ~~ . Tpemama komnoneHma ce opvecysa Ha pasBuBalbe Ha nouxv4kN MW COsHajHn (KorHMTHBHH) cBOjcTBa VV cnoco6HocTM Kaj wguewayata. 3Hauu, oO6pasoBaHneTo kako nefarowka kaTeropuja, CO CUTE cnomeHaTn KOMNOHeHTH, NpeTcTasysa ocHoBa Ha BOCNMTAHNeTO. Muory YecTO TePMMHOT o6pasoBaHne ce KOpucTh BO 3aenHuya CO py TepmuHu, co Yen McTuTe THe no6nucky ga ce onpefenar. Taka Ha .npumMep BO 3aBMcHOcT Of wkoncknoT cTeneH Ha o6pasopaHue, s60pysame 3a: OcHOsHO, cpedHO, sUCOKO o6pasoeanue. Bo 3aBvcHocT OA o6nacra Bo Koja ce CcTeKHyBa oGpaszoBaHveTo , OHOCHO sHaelbaTa, HaBUKUTe VU yMeelbaTa, MOKE fa Ouge: mpupodovay4no, ymemHuyKo, — MamemamUu4Ko, nonlumexHU4KO U CHUYHO. Cnopea mpupogata KapakTepoT Ha 3HaelbaTa, obpasopaHveto moxe Aa 6uge onwmo u cmpyyHo. Mputoa, onwtoTo e o6pazoBaHue koe My & notTpe6Ho Ha ceKoj YoBeK 6e3 ormeg Ha npodecujata koja ja uma, unu ke ce saHnmaBa BO guia. CTpy4HoTo WN BOKALMOHOTO © oOpasoBaHne € TaKOB BUA Ha OOpasoBaHne koe TO nogroTBysa YOBeKOT 3a OApegeHa cTpyKa, 3aHVMatbe, OfHOCHO npocbecuja. Bo saBucHocT OA mecToTo Kage o6pasopaHneTo ce OcTBapyBa, ucToTo Moxe fa 6upe: WkOsCKO (uncmumyuuoHanusupato,popmanto) u (Heqbopmanno). Tog tepmnxot o6pasosaHocm, (MegarowKn nexcuKoH 1996) ce nogpas6upa pesynTaToT Koj ce nocTurHyBa CO o6pasoBaHveTo, To HUBO Ha OOpasoBaHne. OAHOCHO NocTMrHATO™ (=) ita Seanned with Camscanner3.2.1. Copmanto, HeopmanHo U UHcbopManHo 6p aso¢aH ye Bo saeucHoct of MecTOTO Kane LITO O6pasoparner, a octsapysa, Toa moxe a Ouze: & . ®@opmanto (MHCTUTYUMOHANM3MPAHO,LUKONCKO), koe Bony oppenexa dunioma; mo i e » Hecbopmanho (o6pasoBaHveTo koe ce OfBuBa npexy Pay | chopmn Ha HeLUKONCKO yHelbe, KAKO LITO Ce: CeMMHapH, 06 kypcesu m Ap.) co we WTO NoceTyBalbe ce AoOuBa CoonBere, cepmucbukam 3a cTekHaTM KOMMeTeHUMM Of Hekoja Mp.nocetysarbe Kypc no CTpaHck ja3uk, Kype no rpadbuuku Ansa o6yka 3a enosHa KomyHnkalija 4 cn. a | . Wuebopmanvo (cnoHaTHo, ciyyajHO, MOMaTHO CTekHyBaie Ha sHaelba BeLUTHHN foMa, Npeky YWTalbe KHUTH, cheperbe ia enykaTBHn emucun, npeky KOMyHUKauyja Co Ap. nyfe ui cn. ([Ip, r Hekoj Moxe ga Hay4n Naki jasuk of Gaba, AeAO ui Ch.), 3a wo He ce o6uea HuTY CepTHdpuKaT, HUT Aunnoma. | | | | 3.3. HACTABA Hactapata = npeTcTasysa HajopraHv3upaH —BOCNMTHO o6pa30BaH Npolec, Koj oncbaka Tpu chakTopu: HacTaBHMK, yYeHAK HacTaBHY coApxkuHy. HactasaTa ce opraHv3supa, co yer Wo noecpukacHo Aa ce ocTBapw npouecoT Ha sBocnuTaHne o6pasoganve. Hactapata npetcTapysa efUHCTBO Ha TOj Npouee: BeywHocT, Hema HactaBa Koja camo oOpasysa, mn cave Bocnutysa. ae Npumep, yuejkn oppegenn coapxunn op majyni j23! YY@HMKOT CTeKHYBa KOHKpeTHM 3Haetba of Taa ObNacT, HO BO uo Bpeme yun M MUCH, ODHOCHO paseuBa uTeneKtyanHi cM N cnoco6Hoctu, npvdaka u pewasa oppeneHn sanaun On o6nact, npw wo paseuBa oprosopHoct, pocneAHOCT, xymator conugapHoct, fo6necr 4 ap.mopanHu oco6unu, KOM ae KoMnoHeHTa Ha BocnutaHvero, 4 pales BocnuTaHveTo UM obpasosaHueTo npeky HacTanar PyBaar Ha Hajopraksupan i HajeduKacen Haunl, OM Seanned with amscanner——— ea) HeonpaBAaHo © Aa Ce CBenaT mM fa ce orpaHMyaT camo Ha HacTapaTa. Cexoja HactaBa OcTBapysa Tpu OCHOBHM saqaun: . CTekHyBalbe Ha 3Haelba, HaBMKM M yMeetba, LITO cnafa BO oMeHOT Ha Mamepujananama sadaya; 9 PageuBalbe Ha ofpeneHu cnocobHocTn 3a caMmocTojHO cTekHyBalbe Ha 3Haelba, yMaeetba M HaBMK, 3a CaMooOpasoBaHne won. (@opmanHo-cbyxK4yuoHanHama 3ada4a); . Visrpanysate, cbopmupaibe Ha noeguHn caojcTBa Ha sim4HocTa M KapakTepoT (eocnumua 3adaya). EcbukacHa HacTaBa uma Toral Kora ce peamusupaaT cuTe ganaun, 6e3 fa ce npeyerysa 6uno koja. O6M4HO npeAVMeHsvoHupaHa e MaTepujanvata (o6pasosHata) 3agaya, Koja e HajnecHo ocTBapnusa.3a >aNn, BOCNMTHaTa saqa¥a BO Haute yuunusta @ M3BOHPeAHO MHOTy sanocTaBeHa, a Toa HeraTHBHO Ce oppasysa BPs MNaquTe reHepaynu. YunnuwteTo “ HaCTaBHMKOT qpe6a cro Tonky fla BocnMTyBaar, KonKy M O6pasyaar Toxpaj ocHoBHuTe nenarowKkn novmu mu KkaTeropmv, 80 nenarorujata, ce KOpucTaT M nosese noTecHH, cpoAHM noMMN co kon no6nucky ce onpenenysaat HeKon acneKTa " noppayja Ha pocnuTHata fejHocT. Camoo6pasosanue -kora camaTa wHgueupya Ges HenocpeAHO M MocTojaHo npucycTBO Ha ApyrM nya, Kako HacTaBHUK, BOCMMTYBaY, MHCTPYKTOP MM CIMYHO, ycBojysa oppefeHu gHaelba, BpeAHOCTM, HABUKN M yMeelba CO nocpegctso Ha ApyrM cpepcrea: pagmo, Tenesnsyja, KownjyTep, OAHOCHO MHTepHeT Mt cnMuHo. CoppemeHata koHYenyvja Ha OOpasoBakveTo BKny4yea obpasopaHve 3a camooOpazoBanne, Kako MHOry sHayajHa komnoventa, Camoo6pasoBaHveto npercrasyBa ocHoBa 3a AOKUBOTHO, MN NepMaHeHTHO o6pasoBanne. Camoeocnumanue e npouec Ha usrpaayBaibe Ha OApPEAeHu cBojctBa, ocobMHU M cnoco6HocTM Ha concTeeHaTa NM4HOCT 6e3 AupexrHo yuecTBo W noMoU! Ha HacTaBHUKOT, BocnmTyBauor M4 AP. Ocnoco6ypaeTo Ha MnaAnTe 3a camopocnuTaHve e BarkHa _(Mlegarowikn neKcnkor:446). npeBocnuTysarbe) uma 3a yen CO Hekoraw BO OUTHO UsMeHeTU safaua Ha ceKoe BOCrMTaHNe: Pecouujanusayuja ( cneyucpu4Hu meToAM 4 cpeacTBa, Seanned with amscanneryenosu (BO cneyyjanHn ycTaHOBM 3a NPEBOCNUTYBAILe - orctpanat nn nak yOnakaT MspaseHuTe cna neraTuBHoTo opHecyBatbe. Bo Taa MHOTY ChOrKeHa paGora, 4, ce oTkpuBaaT M KONKy © MOXxHO Ce ENMMMHMPAAT NPHUNHyTe " jopene fo TakBoTO aco\ivjanHo OAHECyBalbe. Tematckn Bex6u aj conctseHu npumepn 3a cbopmanno, Hecbopwanio, uucbopmanHo obpas0BaHue Konky feHec HecbopManHoTO o6pa30BaHve e SHavajig 3a npocbecvoHanHuoT pasBoj Ha nuyHOcTa? eS Pasmucnu 3a BOCNUTHOTO BujaHne ig HacTaBHukoT/BocnuTyBa4or). re 4. @AKTOPM 3A PA3BOJ HA NIMYHOCTA Bo passojoT Ha nuuHocta yuecTByBaaT HeKoNky cakTopy, Ko Haj4ecTo ce AenaT Bo ABe ronemu rpynu: GuonowKM M4 COUMjartHl. Bo npeata rpyna cnafaat revetckute chakropu, oAHocHO HachleACTBOTO, a BO BTOpaTa rpyna ce Haofa counjanHaTa, OAHOCH onuecTBeHaTa cpennta. Hexon apTopu, Bo pam«nTe HW Couujankute cbaktopu ro B6pojysaat u BocnutaHmeTo, a apy nopaan roreMoTO sHavelbe WTO ro uma BO chopmupatbeTo M4 peasy BocnuTaHNeTO fo vcTaKHysaaT Kako noceGeH bakTo? ion ee suavelbe € uw axTupHocta Ha noeamet Teetonceyy ocTa, Koja ucto Taka moxe Aa jonire ., eee 50 VicTopHjata Ha YoBeKoT, OMMHAHTHO ect? i iomuykume, . ja npenumersuonn » OdHOCHO BuonowKUme meopul paar Bi if aktop, opHocHo @xHOCTA M sHayemeTo Ha HacneAHil a3 : Ha renure. Osue teopun kage poafa 20 Sanned with amscanner6nonowKMoT —~AeTepMMHMaM, BO: knacHuITe — onurTecTBs ypeaysalea ce BO cbyHKuyja Ha BnageauKara knaca u npeKy Hi actojyBa Aa ce NoKaxke Aeka YoBeKoT ce pafa co opHanpen npeaonpeaeva cyAouta, Bo cMucna ga Supe Aobap unw now, 6oraT un CMpoMaB UM e HeMokeH Aa U3sMeHM HeUITO BO TOj Nornep. Bo cheyAanHoTO OnUTecTBO, AomnHupaat ccpakatbata AeKa Gor Mm nogenun nyfeto Ha BNapeTenn u noTunHeT, OAHOCHO Ha GoraTu 4 cupomawwHy. Mogouva, Teopyjata 3a apuescKa KpB. (,cuHaTa™ KpB), HacTojyBa ia fo 3aluTMTN HacenegHoTo npaBo Ha apucToKpatujata, a nokacHo, “ XutTnep ja Kopucten oBaa Teopuja 3a cBouTe HauMcTHYKM env, NpokNamupajkn AeKa camo repmaHcKaTa Hayyja e npegoppeneva Aa Bnapee co ceeror. Mlocta exctpemuu Bo oBaa cmmcna ce M TeopuuTe Kon ToBOpaT jekapyp M MpocTuTyTKaTa, KPMMMHaneyoT, HNN snoCTOPHHKOT ce pafaar. Hekon amepnkatcku aBTopn ykaxysane Ha sabenexuTenHOTO yuTenektyanHo 3aocTaHysatbe Ha ypHaTa paca BO OAHOC Ha 6enata, noTKpenysajku ro Toa Co pasHu ucTparkyBalba, BO KOM Ce gavemapysane MHOry pyr BaxHA eneMeHTA, —npwMep cpepMHckuoT cbaKTop MTH. 3Haun, EBUeHTHO e feKa cuTe Teopmn KON BO OCHOBATA TO umaat 6nonowkuoT cakTop, Ce TANMYHO eAHOCTpAHY VM BO HUBHATa ocHoBa Ne@xkN NefarowKMoT NecumusaM. Hacnpotu HMB, CO ucTa TakBa OCTpuHa MU eKCTpeMHOCT ce nojasysaaT emnupuctuuKuTe Teopun Kon ja npeyexysaar ynoraTa Ha cpeAUHcKuoT chakTop, Kako M Ha pocnuTaHueTo. Opue Teopun, npBexcTBeHo ce jaByBaaT co Yen, ja ™ ocnopat npeTxogHuTe chakatba, a npeky Toa 4 BNafAeaHKOTO cchakatbe 3a HacneqHaTa Nosuyyja uv onwTecTBeH cTaTyc Ha cbeyganvata apuctoKpaTuja. Bo OBOj KOHTeKCT, HECOMeHO Hajronem noOopHuk & ton Slok wu HeropoTo yuetbe Aleka HeTeTO ce pafa Kako Tabyna paca, 4ucTa Ta6na, Gen nuct xapTuja Koja noHaTamy ce vcnuwysa CO Tek Ha wckycTgoTo m BocnuTaHeTo. CnopeA Hero, Hema BponeHu Aucnosuyu, ofHocHO YOBeKOT Ce pafa goGap unu now, BO 3ABUCHOCT Of, BOCNUTAHNeTO cpeannata 80 Koja MBE: - unosocbor Jlajounuy, npeuerysajku ru. MOXKHOCTMTe =Ha Bocnuranweto, uctakHyea:” lajre HM BO PALleTS HRBMORY HON 4 i Seanned with Camscanner- BOcnTaHve, a HYe 3a NoMasky OA eAeH Bel KapaktepoT Ha Espona.” ( KoneKTue aBTopH, 1997), (cMeTaaT BocniMTaHueTo 3a CeMOKHO. GNUYHO Ha HMB y Fo aproputeT Kat nocouyBa eka HOBEKOT NOCTAaHYBa YoRe,, 20 og Nat Ha BOChuTaHNeTO. 4 MlosHatu ce v pasmucnysalbaTa Ha McMxonoror Ra, i NpetctaBHuk Ha 6uxesnopucruTe, Koj CMeTa AeKa BO 80HCHocr cpegunata, Moxe of AeTeTO Aa ce Hanpasn: SPMMHHaNe, i 5 YMeTHMK, MucaTen M LUTO FIM yuuTe He. : : Osve uw cnu4yHn rmequuta NoTNONHO ja SaHemapyeaa, ynoraTa Ha HacnegcTBOTO, a ja npeyeHysaatT Mokra ha, cpeauuckute cbakropv v Ha BocnuTaHHeTO. Bp3 Taa ockoga & Tpagat vu KOHYeNMuTe 3a NeAAarOWKKOT ONTAMH3aM, kon ce Met) Taka EQHOCTpaHn , KaKO MW NpeTXOAHUTe. : Egkoctpavoctute Ha npeTxoqHuTe Teopun ce HacTojysa la ce HajMuHe co THp. Teopyja Ha KOHBepreHunja, Koja ja Pasenea Urep koja ekneKTu4KH ro nomMupyea chakTopoT Hacnepctao 0 chaktopor cpeamna. Mputoa, BocnuTaHuKoT ce cepaka Kako nacwpey OGjekT, onHOcHO ce saHeMapyea HeroBaTa CBeCHa AKTMBHOCT, wtp € nak HegonyctnuBo, Gupejin ce sHae AeKa 6e3 Taa ‘KTMBHOCT, HeMa pa3Boj. ‘ Ortyka, cospemenute ccpakatba ynatyBaar Ha COsHaHne peKa 3a pasBojoT Ha NuyHocTa nogeAHaKBo BAHN W sHayajHH ce: (pakropor Hacnepctso, onwrecteeHata cpeguna, Bocnutanvero 1 aKTMBHOCTa Ha WKAMBUpyaTa. f. 4.1. Tenercxu chaktopn Fenerckute chaktopu, (WacnegHuTe, BpopeHn ocobuH) onwtn GuonowKu haxtopu kon uma fonema ynora Bo pagBojoT H4 MOBEKOT. Hacnepnute ocobunn He wa Ponurenute, tyky 4 of noGnuckn 4 NopaneyHn npepun. NorepAer HM 1 A @ Reka YoBeKOT BO CBojoT rey i Tenecka KoHcTuTyyyja, (@) Seanned with CamscannerBose 0 nenarorjarTa HepBHMOT CVCTeM WM Apyrv’ KapaKtepueTuky BO BMA HA aucnosmum“.THe ce npexecyeaat npexy Tenure, HacnegHuTe amcnosv4Mn HE Ce roTOBM cnocobHocTu, TyKy noTeHUMjanHn MOXKHOCTM M YCNOBM 3a paseo] Kon MoxaT, HO M He Mopa fia Ce peanusvpaaT BO cnoco6HocTu. BcywHoct, mHory oco6uHM npn pafaeTo He Mopa fa Guat npucytHu, uako ce reHeTCK sacHoBaHv, Oupejkn 3a HeKou on HuB e NoTpe6Ho speme 3a cospeBatbe Ha uctuTe. floKonky reHeTcKMTe npegucnosvyMin HenlocpeAHO Ou TM npoektupane cnocoGHocTuTe Ha YOBeKOT, Toj On 6un ocyAeH saceKoraw 4a e noBpsaH co oppegena npodecyja unn Aejuocr. Negarorvjata kako Hayka 3a socnutanneto He ja wHTepecupaaT roTosute ocobuHn kon ce Hacnegysaat (THe Ce BO AOMeHOT Ha Ovonorujata, MonekynapHata reHeTHKa TH), Tyky ce wHTepecupa 3a MOxHocTuTe 3a paso) Ha reHeTcKMTe NpeaMcnosMynn Nog AeicTeO Ha cpeqvHaTa, BocnMTaHMeTO Nn akTMBHOCTa Ha MHAMBUayaTa. Hema comHeHve AeKa HacnepHuTe ocobvHu uMaaT OrfpoMHO Bnisjae Bps pasaojor Ha nuuocra, Mefytoa BO HiKoj cny4aj He ce efVHCTBEH M OAnyyyBa4KU chakTop Ha Toj pasBoj. BcylwHocT, FeHeTCKUTe ANCNosMuMU Tpe6a fa UMaaT MOrKHOCT ja ce pasBujaT, Ho 3a Toa TpeOa fa GugaT BooyeHy, unu oTKpMeHH. Vimeo, AoKoNky HeKoj Co NoTeHUWjanHa MoxHocT ( AucnosnuMM) Aa Buge reHuj BO HeKoe noppayje (np. mysM4Ka Wn nuKoBHa ymeTHocT), cpeguiata He My fae MoxHOCT THe ANcnosMuMM Aa ce uspasaT, omHocHo fa 6upaT BOOYEHN M pasBueHM, Kako M Toa Nu4HOcTa cama Aa noctaHe cBecHa eka mM noceAyBa M akTMBHO Aa paSoTn Ha HUBHO pasBuBalbe, Toral AUucnosuyunTe Ke OcTaHaTa HepasBueHn. 4.2, OnwitectBexata ( counjanva ) cpepMHa Kako chaxtop. Noafajiu on chaktoT Aeka YOBeKOT € ONUITeECTBEHO cywecreo, OnwrectseHata cpeguka Mma MHOTY Foremo sHavetbe BO passojor MW chopmupatbeTo Ha sMYHOCTA. Kon rexeTcKn Aucno3suynn Ke ce Paseujat, co Kakos KBamMTeT M CTPYKTYPA, Bo ronema mepa ke 3aBucn v.gq chakropor onluTecTBeHa CPeAMH. Vako uma rnequura Seanned with Camscanner~ enopen Kon mW reorpacbexo-KMMATCKHTe PAKTOPM Moxar pa, Bp3 KapakTepoT Ha MM4HOCTA, EConak THe HE ce on OnwectseHata cpeanka BO Koja € CUNHO M3paseHo Mian Ha: cemejcTBOTO, YYANMLUTeTO, BPCHHUNTE, MaC-Mequynyrs, Peay opraHusayn M cnM4Ho, My OBOSMOXKYBA Ha AETETO KaKo Honus cyuiTecTao-nocteneHo Aa U3pacHe BO OMLUTECTBEHO cyyy npeky cTekhysalbe Ha sHaelba, HABMKM, YMeeHba, onuTecrys oguecysaite u apyro. Konky € BaXkHa ONLUTECTBEHATa cpeayya. nocounme HekoM NpMMepM KOM NoKaxKyBaaT AeKa Ges coog, couyjanva cpeanna, 4OBeKOT He € MOXHO Aa Ce PASBHE BO YoRe, Mp. 1. Bo 1799 roquxa, BO JykHa Ppanuyja Bo wyma Ging HajgeHo HanonHo rono Momue Ha BOspact Of OKONY 12 rogHHH, iog 6uno ucnpateHo BO HalMOHaNIHMOT MHCTUTYT 3a ryBoHemy, Momueto 80 CBOeTO OfHECYBAHE NOKAKYBANO Heobyyyy, kapakTepucTukn: 'pxeno ui ce OOMAYBANO Aa KACHE AKO HeKOj my ce Npv6nwxun, oynte my 6une GesnspasHn, HE MOrKeENO co BNpOT pa Pasnukysa cnuka og penjed uTH. Yuute my Gune ckopo HeoceTnuBM Ha HMckKM 3BylM. HuKoraly He naveno, a PacnonoxkeHneTo 6p30 my ce meHyBano mM npemunysano og cMeetbe BO AeNpecuja u OOpaTHo. MomyeTo Ha koe My fame une Buxtop, 6uno nognoxeHo Ha noce6xa Hera. Mefytoa, pesyntatute Oune nown. OcobexHo He moxen fa ro COBNaga YOBeKOBMOT 0B0p. Buktop ympen kako mak of 40 roquiu 6e3 Aa ce pa3sBne BO 4oBeK. Mp.2. Bo Vivavja, 80 1920 rop. Bo enna Bonuja jama 80 uyHrata, Nokpaj ABa Bonka VM ABe BONUnHba, Gune npoHajpeHn Be Aesojuniba. Mpsoto geBojye umano 2-3 roauHn nm my jane we Amana,a BTopoto-Kamana u umano 8-9 Fogunu. Kora rm nporalue, AebojutbaTa Mane noBepeHue Ha Bon. Ce jeyKene Ha YeTHM Hose, Hoke sapuBane kako Bonu, janene cyposo meco, ucnywrae HEKOM 4YAHN 3BY\M UTH. Nocra Seanned with CamscannerBose Bo negarorujara npoHaune BO 1838 Kora umana 6;5 (-wecT wu non) -roAMHH. Vispachata BO TeMHO, 6e3 cBex Bospyx n coHYe, Guna cbusM4KM HepasBMeHO M paxuTM4HO AeTe. HogeTe'n Gune WcKpMBeHH M MHOrY ewiko ce ABWKena. He s6opysana, ce nnalwena of HenosHaTH, noce6HO OA MMja Of Malwku non, OcTapana BneyaToK Ha AeTe CO wuTenextyanHa monpeveoct, npennaweHo mu HenpyjaTescKn pacnonoxKeHo.Co Ap. s60poeu, oguecysatbeTo Ha Visabena ogropapano oTpunuka Ha AeTe of wWect MeceLM. Co cneyyjanex TpeTMaH og MequuMHcKn nepcoHan, ncuxonor yw jasm4eH cTpy4tbak ( noroneg)socnoctaBeH e NpBMOT KOHTAaKT, waxo o6nguTe 3a npBuTe rnacosy He Gune HuTY Mamnky yCneLHV. Ho, co NOcTMrHyBalbeTO Ha npBuTe ycnecu, HanpeAyBalbeTO OAeTIO 6p30. Bo norneg Ha roBopHvoT paseoj, Vsabena nomuHana Hi3 cyte HOpManHu CyKUeCMBHM chasn Ha roBop of NpBaTa AO WecTaTa roguka Wi Toa MHOry 6p3o, OTKONKy WTO ApyruTe Aela NOMMHyBAAT. [lo apa Meceuv, Of MOMeHTOT Kora ro u3sroBopuna NpBMOT 360p, yaa peke cocrasysana KpaTku peyennuy. 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Ako HaCTaBHMKoy | SbyGesHo ce ofHecyBa CO yYeHMyNTe, Tue N MefycebHO je KomMyHuuMpaar Ha my6e3eH TOH. Begpuua 4 AyXoBuTocT- yYeHMUMTe CakaaT BeApN, HacMeany M4 onTuMMcTHUKM OpveHTupaHy muya. Co TakBM OcoGuHN Tpeba pa Pacnonara cexoj HacTaBHuk uv BocnuTyBaY, Ougejku Ha Toj Hawn Nlonecko ce pewiasaaT npoOnemute, nonecko ce KoMyHMLIMpa, HOM NOSMTMBHO Ce BNYjae BO BOCNMTHO-OOpasoHUOT Npoyec. Bnpoven yure ronemvMoT negaror KomeHckn Bo XVII Bek kayKan sera HacTaBHUKoT Tpe6a rpuxuTe u fomMaWwHUTe npo6nemn ga ch mh ocTaBM NpeA BpaTata Ha yYMNHUYaTa u co Beso Nuye ga BNese BHaTpe. Camoposep6a- HacTasHukoT/socnutyBayoT Koj uma pasBvelo ConcTBeHa CamogoBep6a mHory nonecHo Ke ja ocTBapysa cBojata ynora. Camoposepbata pesyntupa co Nouutysaibe, Bepoa 80 CnocreeHuTe OANYKM MW McnpaBHocT Bo NocTankuTe. i Sener Aopata opraHusupanoct Ha HacTaBHMKOT Aosepba kaj ponuTennte, Ho uco Taka Baa ocoOMa 4a WW BoncntHa yriora, Gupejk » OMAE}KU enementure cTapyBale Aobpa Opraxusnpatocr Hi wTe Ha BocnocTasy! 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Ortyka, crarm4HoTo cbopmynupalse Ha opaa yen 6u raceno: Llenata Ha pocnuTaHMeTo e cecTpaH pa3sBoj Ha mu4HocTa. 3a pasnuka of cTaTM4HOTO, AVHaMM4HOTO (npoLjecyanHoTO) copmynuparbe Gu oncakano saKso onpenenysalbe: ,CecTpaHo paseusaize Ha ‘cuTe noTeHyvjanu Ha nu4HocTa ( HacneAeHu M NpeTxXoAHO cTeKHaTM) uv HMBHO 360raTyBalbe; pasBMBatbe Ha KPUTM4Ka cnoco6HocT uv camocTojHocT 80 onpeflenysarbeTo Ha pagnm4Hn npucrann Bo NpupopHMTe wu onuTecTBeHUTe HaykH, MOpanoT M BOOTILITO BO . TeKOT Ha CTeKHyBalbeTo Ha sHaetba M XMBOTHO McKyCTBO. (konextue aptopy:137). Mpu yTBpAyBalbe Ha yenta w 3aqauute Ha BocnutaHueTo ce noafa Of OApeAeHM BpeAHOCTH KOM ce BaKHY kako 3a cerawHocta, Taka M 3a MAHMHaTa Ha HOBeKOBaTa saeqHMya. ytyponowkata AvmeH3uja Ha WemTa Ha BocnuTaHneTo © MHory sHayajHa, on npuumHa UITO BocnMTHaTa AejHOcT e CBpTeHa KOH MgHUHa. Opaa AMeH3uja npeTnoctasysa npoekuvja Ha YenuTe Ha eflen nogonr BpeMeHCKh nepHOf,, CAHOCHO HEMMHOBHO @ YenuTe Aa coppyxat Bo cebe uv aHTMuMnaTnBH enemenTu. OppenysatbeTo Ha BocnuTHuTe yenn Bo cbyHKunja Ha MAHMHATA @ MowWHe TeLwKa 4 73 Seanned with CamscannerA-p Posannna Monopa KockapoBa gato upHuHaTa He MOxe Aa Ce Npenayn, y. Bo opaa cmuucia, noce6HO 3Hayeibe a. WHANKaTopHTe Ha pasBojoT M NpOrpecoT M HACOKMTE BO Kon We ce Apart. Bo oBoj KOHTeKCT Ha npvmep, BO NyOnuKaynute i Yuecko, npegHoct ce AaBa Ha cnepHUTe ACNeKTU: xyMaHitzay couvjanHa npasAa, conugapHocrT, Tonepanuvja “ Nocebiig BHUMaHue ce nocBeTyBa Ha OAHOCHTE mery HaPOAMTe, kako y BkynHata nomoxK6a Ha YOBEKOT BO COBPEMeHATA UMBUNUZALyja yt Osne acnextn Tpe6a fa ce semaaT Kako 6a3v4Hn OAPeAHAUM npy cbyTyponowKoTo AusajHupalbe Ha socnuTHaTa Wen. cnoxeHa: pa6orTa, AeTanu vw noeguxocti 6.3. Konkpetusupatbe Ha esta Ha BocnuTaHueTo Eguo of Hajyecto nocTasyBaHuTe Npawatba e gann Tpeba na noctow egva onwta, unv noBeke noce6Hn Wenn Ha BOCnuTaHneTo, KON MoKOHKpeTHO 6u ja onpAenysane onwtaTa umn raskata pocnutHa yen. 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Kako npwmep 3a axanusupalbe ke ja HaBegqume yenTa Ha OCHOBHOTO OOpas0BaHue Koja e UcTaKHaTa BO HajHoBMoT 3aKOH 3a ocHosHo o6pasoBatine (Cri.eechik 161 of 5.8.2019). \Ulennte Ha ocHoBHoTo o6pasosanne ce: o6esSenysarbe yerioceH ondaT BO BOCNUTHO-OOpas0BHV0T NpoYec U oAroBapalbe Ha pasHoBMgHuTe noTpeou Ha cuTe yueHuu npeky o6esbepnysatbe CYLUTHHCKO y4ecTBO Ha cle yYeHHIN BO Hero, - obes6epnysalbe cucTeMcKM npucTan 3a NOTTUKHYBalbe Ha KOFHMTNBHOT, COL|MOeMOLMOHANHUOT M NICHXOMOTOPHUOT pasBoj Ha yueHukoT cormacHo CO HefoBuTe pasBojHn KapakTepucTuki, NoTeHyyjanu 4 acpuHyTeTM, - nocturHysaise Ha HallMoHanHinTe cTaHAapaM 3a y4eHMUMTe 80 OCHOBHO obpasoBaHve Of, nogpayjata: jasmyHa NMMcMeHOCT, vay4ysaike ppyrn jasnyM, MaTemaTHka, nmpnpoaky HaykKA TexHonoruja, AurvTanHa MVCMeHOCT, niu4eH M cOljaneH paseoj, Aemoxpatcka xyntypa Mm ‘fpafaHcTB0, MPETNPMEMHMUITBO cbvateucKa nucmeHocT Kako m yMeTHMUKO MspasyBalbe, KysITYPa M 75 Seanned with CamscannecA-p Posanuva Nonosa Kockaposa myntuKystypa, - paseuBaibe camopopepOa MW CBeECT kaj YYeHnioy concTseHara MHAMBMAyANHOCT M OAFOBOPHOCT 3a CBOMTE nocran, = pocnutysae 3a MOYNTYBaeE Ha pasnyrigg, CopaGorKa, nounTyBabe Ha PasMM4HOCTA, OCHOBHUTE YoRE;o,’ cno6ogu uv npaea, ms - pasBvBatbe Ha nucmeHocTa M cnocobHocTHTe Ha yWeHnyng 3a pasOupatbe, mHchopmupatbe M MspasyBalbe Ha MaKeZOHCKH jagyy Vi HeroBOTO KNpMNcKO NcMO, - pasByBatbe Ha NVCMeHOCTA UM CrlOCOBHOCTHTe Ha yueHnuyre 3a pas6upaibe, uHcbopmupatbe MM Mu3pa3yBalbe, noKpaj a MaKefOHCKH jasiik M HerOBOTO KNPMSICKO NUCMO M1 Ha ja3vik v4 nncyo Ha npwnagHnyvte Ha saeqHnyMTe Kon 360pysaar ja3snK pasnuyey Of MakefoHCKnoT jasuk, : - pasByBatbe cBecT Kaj yYeHNuMTe 3a npunagHoct ta Peny6nuka CepepHa Makegonuja “ HeryBalbe Ha HalMoHanknor, TpafaHcKuoT, ETHUYKUOT Mi KysITYPeH UAeHTUTET, - noproTeysatbe Ha yYeHMKOT 3a OffOBOpeH >kMBOT £0 CNOGOAHO, rparaHcko MW AEMOKpaTCKO ONLUTECTBO, - Pa3BUBalbe Ha CNOCOOHOCTM M BeLUTMHM 3a UCTparKysalbe, ekcnepumeHTupatbe u pelaBatbe Ha npo6nemn, - CTeKHyBalbe ONWITH M NpvMeHNNBN sHaetba VM BELUTMHM LTO ce foTpe6Hn BO ceKojAHeBHNOT >%NBOT MM 3a HaTaMoLlH o6pasoBanve, - ocnocobyBaibe 3a HaTaMOLHO ObpasoBaHne Mm AOxNBOTH? yuerbe, - fopapwika Ha TaneHTupaHn u HafapeHn y4eHMu pasnuuun o6nactu - yHanpepysaibe Ha sfpasuoT HauuH Ha >x"Becle i BOCNITYBatbe 3a NpeseMatbe OfFoBOPHOCT 3a CONCTBEHOTO appa? Ww 3a 3alUTUTAa Ha KMBOTHATa cpegMHa." 3aKOH 32 ockoBt? obpasopanne (Cn.Becnk Ha PCM 6p. 161 on 5.8.2019:3"4)- 80 _ Hv . Koxxpemusayuja Ha yenma ep3 ocHoea Ha nroedl Hacmaenu npozpamu 0 oddennume HacmaeHu npedMe™ Bp3 ocHoBa Ha usHeceHTe npeTxofHit meee Ud KoHKpeTusaunjaTa noHatamy ce spin cnopeg yenta 4 sana 76 Seanned with amscannerenue HacTaBH rpe6a Aa COAP: ( « CTeKHyBatbe MW NPEAMETH VM HUBHUTe HacTaBHH Nporp: Bo KOHTeKCT Ha NPETXOAHO UsHEceHOTO, Npod, T.Manauk of BenrpancknoT YHMBepsiTeT cMeTa AeKa YenTa Ha ocnuTaHMeTo ‘Man 1999:39): Ha ONLUTV M CheyMjanusupaHn 3sHaelba, Passoj Ha ONT M CneyWjanHn cnocobHocTH, +» PaaBoj Ha MHTepec 3a yuelbe Kako fa ce yun, « Ocnoco6ysatbe 3a OAPepeHO 3aHumalbe, Ocnoco6ysalbe 3a nepMaHeHTHo o6pa3zoBaHue, « PasBoj Ha KpUTHYKO MUICHelbe M KpeaTHBH cnooc6HocTn, « OSe36epysatbe Ha cbusvuka, uHTenekTyanHa VV couvjanHa spenoct, © Emanumnayyja Ha mnagute, pasBiBatbe Kaj HB TonepaHuvja MpetcepatenorT M cnoco6HOCT 3a AOHECyBalbe Ha OANYKU. 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KOMNOHEHTUTE HA BOCMUTAHVETO MW HUBHATA mEry3ABUCHOCT Co3HaHveTo feka BOCNUTaHueTO € eAMHCTBeEH Npoyec, He FO Herupa NOCTOeHbeTO Ha OAAENHM KOMNOHEHTH KOM UMaaT OcoBeHO gHauelbe 3a OAPeAeHN AVMeHsMN BO pasBojoT Ha NMYHOCTA. Tnegako 0g Toj acnekT, Moxxe Aa ce s60pyBa 3a; MHTeNeKTyAaNHO, ecTeTcKo, ¢pu3M4KO, MopamHo, paGoTHOTeXHM4KO = M emoumoHanHoO §BocnuTaHve.Co BakBaTa nogen6a, He ce garposyBa LeNOBVTMOT paseo] Ha NuyHOCTa, OAHOCHO HejanHaTa wuterpanHoct, Tyky HanpoTns, npeky mMoxHocra fa ce pasrneaysaaT oAAenHM npauiatba (yen, saqaym, npmHumnn W cniuo) ce npupoHecyea 3a nofoGpo u noyenocHo pasrneaysarbe Ha Twe cerMeHTM, a npeky Toa mu 3a MoetpukaceH paseo} Ha nm4nocta. 4. HTENEKTYASIHO BOCNMTAHME He nocton pasnuka mefy TepMuHuTe wHTenekTyanHo UM yMecTBeHO — BOCNTaHne. Tve ce cyHoHumv, TepMuHoT. wmTenexyanto floafa of NaTHHcKHoT a6op intellctus w osHa4yBa pasym, yM, (Byjaknuja,1991:265) OpHocHO §«cnocoOHocT 3a cosHasatbe, un Of TPYKUOT 360p NUS, WTO 3Ha4M MHTenekT MN ym. Co orneg Ha Toa #eka npumevata Ha TEpMUHOT MHTeNeKTYAaNHO BocnuTaHve BO muTepatypata e novecta, ce onpenenneme 3a Heropa ynotpea, 6e3 Aa ce uckny4yBa MOxKHOCTA 3a npumeua Ha TePMUHOT YMCTBEHO socnutaHue (Kako WTO npakTukysaaT HeKOM aBTopv Bo yue6HuuMTe NO negarorvja). Ha oBoj Ha4MH, CeKakBa MoxHoct 3a HegopasOupalbe © Hagmunata. Sanned with Camscanner41.1. Kpatok MCTOPHCKK npernea Ha Ppa3Bojor 4; untenektyanko BOcnMTaHve Bo axTM4KvoT nepvor, MHTeseKTYAanHOTO BOCnHTayg nameneTo camo 3a feuaTa Ha BMAACANKATA Kaca. No oy conpxuHa, roa e qocta GoraTo M onaka dunoagg. mutepatypa, yMeTHoCT, 4 Apyro 1 KaKO TaKBO € BO TecHa pees TenecHoTo (cpu3sn4Ko), MopanlHoTO Mi ECTETCKOTO BOCTIMTaHye, ‘Atmucknot pocniTeH cicTeM TEXHEE KOH cHiteag XapMMOHMYHOCT Ha MHTemeKTyaMHOTO, ecTeTcKOTO bicnoy, pocnutanne. Bo Cnapta, ak, MHTenekTYANHOTO BOCKMTAHYe « noctaseHo Ha MHOry HMCKO HMBO M Ce OANMKYBA CO roney, efHocTpaHocr. 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Ce BopefysaaT W HOBM Hacrastt COnpxvHH, a 3a Hajancok o6pasoBen gocrpen ce ceva May¥yBalbeTO Ha SIaTMHCKMOT M rp¥KMOT jagnk, Ha knunKeBHoo®: yMeTHOCTa, puMckaTa u IpuKata cbunosoduja. Mop7ouka, guavet? AoOuBaatT M actpoHomujata, reorpacpujata, uctopujata wv PP HacTaBHM npepmetu. a KomeHck Hanpasiin ronem ueKop Hanpea 80 OANO® a saageee ene, Te) were paaneers CT Of cTpaka Ha yueHnunTe, Gapajk’ SHO ay, JyBaaT npeky HarnegHocT u Toa He CaMO aunsyerts ‘ a Seanned with CamscannervarnepHocT BO Koja yuectayBaar cyte ceTuna, Bo opaa cmvcna en neropaTa Mpenopaka: 3a NonecHo pa-ce sanomHu, ce, Heka ce ynorpeOyBaaT ceTunaTa Konky wro moxe nopeke, Heka HenpecTaHo ce APY cnyxoT co’ BugoT,” jasnKoT co paxara."(KomeHcku, 1954:75). lon lok octpo ce npotuen Ha yueseTo Ha nameT u 6e3 pas6upaibe. OA THe npmunin Toj npenopauysa opapeme - HaBpeme peyata Aa ce cTaBaaT BO cuTyalMja aa pewaBaaT oppegeHn npo6nemy, Kako 6u MorKene MHTenekTyanHo Aa ce aHraxKnpaar. 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TakBoTo useAHauyBalbe € cocema HeonpaBy”aHo, of, ciepHiNTe Apwannn: Novmot o6pazopakue ondaka: ycsojypatbe Ha sHaelba I chopmnpatbe Ha HaBHKu Ml yMeeHba, Kako mW MarpapyBatbe Ha HayseH norneA Ha CBeT M pa3BUBalbe Ha KOFHUTMBHUTe cMocoOHOCTH OunrnegHo e Qeka KoMNOHeHTUTe KON TO onpegenysaaT nowt oOpasoBakve cnafaatT m Bo pomeHoT Ha unTeneKTyanHoTd Bocnuranne. MefyToa, Toa He € qosoneH aprymeHT nomefy HMB A ce cTaBn 3HaKOT efHakB0, of npuynHa wro nacusHoT® " CHUAKNONEAMCKO ycBOjyBake Ha sHaelbata, He aHaun pa38o wuTenektyanHuTe cunn uv cnocob ‘ srcyoTBy8 aktusHocr of crpana na HOCTU, foKoNKy oTCY' iu Aoafalbe Ao sHaeiba, ar psc nye coos TeopeuTsoTo y moenTisnocra peel aediunn ap sche cra, nepmateHTHo obpasoBaHle Sanned with Camscannerronemu pasnuiky M AVCTHHKUMY NoMery HuB, Mefy npeute kon J@ corenan taa pasnuka e xpsarcKnoT nearor A. Bykacosnk, oj epckata Ha MHTenekTyanHoTO. pocnuTaHve Mu obpa3soBaHneto ja mega uns OfHOCOT Ha HagpeAeHocT M NoApeferocr, (Vukasovic:1976) Cnopeg Hero, wHTenekKTYANHOTO O6pasoBaHve cTon Bo HappegeH ogHoc co noumot oOpasopanve, 6upejkn Mma MlOWMpoKo ~ sHavetbe. NokoHKpeTHO, COAPxUHaTa Ha YHTeneKTyanHoTO BocnuTaHNe He ce ucupnyBa CaMo CO O6pasoBaHuero, TyKy n Hagsop of Hero. Jypu nu Bo cry4ajoT Kora no@ obpasosaHne nogpas6upame nokpaj yosojyBatbe Ha 3Haeiba, HaBNKY uM yMeeba uM pasBiBalbe Ha Ticwxocpusv4ku cnocobHOcTH nM usrpapysalbe nornea Ha cBeT, co Toa He saBpluyBaaT CHTe 3aQa4n M MOKHOCTM Ha MHTNeKTyaNHOTO BocnuTaHne. SHAN, MHTeNeKTyaNnHOTO BocnuTaHue KAKO HagpefeH floum, ro ondaka npouecot Ha o6pasoBaHve, HO He ce cpenyBa camo Ha Hero. Apyrm astopu mak, jacHo noteHumpajkn eka mefy oOpasoBaHneTo uM MHTeNeKTyaNHOTO BocnMTaHMe He More Ma ce cTaBM 3HaKOT efHaKBO, cMeTaaT AeKa He Cekorall obpasoBaHneTo e 80 cbyhkuyja Ha MHTeneKTyanHoTo socnuTaHve. ViMeHo, cnopea, Hu, CTeKHyBalbeTO Ha SHaelbaTa He Mopa ceKoraly fa e BO PyHkyvja Ha mHTenekTyanHoTo § socnutaHne. TlosHaTn ce Npumepute og uctopyjata Kora m mHory OOpasoBaHu nyre 6une Auktatopu, y6Oujuu u cnu4Ho. O6pasoBanveto e€ BO cpyHklyuja camo Tora Kora 6yQn NosMTMBHA eMo\MM, Kora Bnvjae Ha (opmupatbeTo nosuTHBHN cTaBoBM uM yGepyBalba, ro paseuBa KPUTHYKOTO MUcHetbe, OAHOCHO Kora ce chopmupa YoBeK. WntenektyanHoto BocnuTakve He More fa ce useqHa4M M CO Hactagata, uako MMaaT MHOTy 3aefHAYKH AONMPHM ToUKM. Hema comHeHve eka Mpeky opraHnsmpaHuoT BOCnMTHO- 06pasoseH npouec (HacTaBaTa), MHTeMeKTyanHoTO BocnuUTaHMe ja Nocturnysa caojata Hajronema Yen M ecbikacHocT, HO MorpelwHo € ako YenocHo ce ugexTucbukysaar. Hau, HeOcnopHO e eka Hactapara e usponpegHo BaxeH cbakTop Ha MHTemekTyanHoTO Seanned with CamscannerpocnuTaHye, 6upejkn TyKa ce oposmoxyBa CUCTEMATHYK6 tS guaeHara, poBepyBalbe BO camocrojHaTa padora, Pasenea, T iy KpMTHYKOTO mucnetbe M Apyro. Merytoa, Heonpasgaio » an mucnn eka nacrapata moxe Aa ce cBeAe Ha MATENeKy a & Mo pocnuTaHie. BeywHoct, mHTenekTyanHoTo BOCNMTAHNE BO ono, pacrasaTa moxe Aa Ma MoTeCHO, HO Vi MOLUMPOKO sHavene, VrenextyanHoTo BocnuTaHMe COreAaHO HS noteoy, guauere, ce objachysa MmpeKy chaxToT WTO BO acrasara «gy peanvsupaaT Apyrute BocnuTHY nogpayja (cbusnuKo, ecterog mopasIHo paGoTHo-TexHM4KO), uiTo 3Ha4n eka He Moye face orpanun camo Ha yHTenekTyanHOTO BOCTIMTAHHE. Loran nacrasara ce cBeAysa camo Ha MHTesIEKTYANHOTO BoCKiTanye oral uctoTo 6u Tpebamo Aa ce cny4n 4 Co ocTaHaTHTe BocnuTyy nogpayja: MopanHo, usi4Ko, @CTETCKO M PpaOOTHO-TexHHHKo, (Nonosa-KocKapoBa: 2002). MowmpokoTo sHayerbe Ha MHTenekTyasHO ce oGjachyBa npeKy cosHaHveTO Beka yMCTBEHMOT paseo) Ha yoBexoT He Ce OfBNBa CaMO BO HacTaBaTa Toj Tpae KOHTHHympato BO TeKOT Ha LesIMOT >KUBOT, OQHOCHO VU HagBop Of HacTaBHHOT npoyec. Og apyra ctpaka, ako ro mpucbaTume co3HaHMeTo era WHTeNeKTyaNHOTO BOCNUTAHMe HE moxe fa ce orpaHM4n camo BO pamkuTe Ha Hactasara, Oupejkn ce ocTBapysa M HasBop Of Hes Tora, HOpManHo e fa 36opysame u 3a Apyrn cbakTop Ha pa BocnuTHO nogpayje, 6uno Bo yyvnuwTeTo unu HaQBOpP OA Hero, OfHOCHO NpeA, unM No Hactasata. BsaemHata nosp3akoct Ha uHTenekTyanHoTO BoonMTal! te eae foonarti Nogpayja, npousnerysa og cakror WT a percrasysa epHa crpava, KOMMOHeHT? n 'eTO, TyKy BO UcTO Bpeme e€ u OCHOBa Ha yenoxynit? pollec Ha BOcnMTaHNe Mu obpasoBaH Beywroct, " YeBOjyBalbe Ha CucTeM Ha 3Hael hs fe 7 mm NpaBuNHoTO Hacouyealbe Hea, HaBnkn W ymeetba, KAKO T yennuTe, co. obeaten A uHTenekTyanHnoT par fe OctaHaTuTe cTpaHn Ha 8a ocHopa 3a ocTBapyBare cit guanko un padotHo-t Bocnutanneto: mopanko, 27! 4 exHn4Ko. Ako ce uma Bo npeaBvA TO BOCNMTAHNE nak, me 09 0 108 90 Sanned with Camscanner& ya wuTeriexTyaNnHOTO © OCHOBa Ha YoBeKoBara | ayn fr aro np Toa ce NOBUKAMe Ha Kant, Koj pasymor ro nosp gute cniocooHOCTN Ha AYXOT, Toraly cocema e onpasjaHo na ce noreHuMPa MHTerpanHo-npoHnkHyBauKata ynora Ha aTeneKTYasHOTO BCONMTAaHMe BO OfHOC Ha Apyrute BocnuTHH omnoHeHTH. 3Haun, MOxKeMe fla KOHCTaTMpame eka cuTe BOCNUTHK noapayja COWMHYBaaT EAHA YeNnHa npeKy Koja ce wspasyBaaT pasBojHvTe cTpaHw M AMMeH3MM Ha nu4HocTa. Ho, sapaqn obes0enyBalbe Ha nogobap nperneg u usrpapyBatbe cosHaHue LUTO og KOHKpeTHMTe AVMeHSMN 3a paseo] Ha nuMuHocTa Tpeba Aa ce normrysa ( pasBuBa) npeky BocnuTHMOT npoLiec, BO NegaroWwKaTa yayka ce visancepeHunpane neT KOMNOHeHTH: MHTeneKTYaNHO, mopanHo, (PASHYKO, ECTETCKO M pa6orTHo-TexHnuKo. Cute ce 6nucKn wTecHO MOBp3aHh, HO CMTE NOAeAHAKBO CaMOCTOJHM noce6un . 4.3. 3aga4w Ha MHTeNneKTyanHoTo BocnuTaHue Sagauute npeTcTasyBaaT MHOry BaykHa KOMMOHEHTAa Ha wuTenektyanHoTO socnvTaHne. Tue ce napameTpw no KOU ce onpenenyea " CoApxuHata Ha BOCTMTAHHeTO, Co Oren Ha cbaKToT To uHTenekTyanHoTO BOCnMTaHMe NpeTcTasyBa OCHOBa Ha YenokynHvoT BOcnMTeH cUcTeM. Zanauute Ha wHTeneKTyanHoTO BocnuTaHve, cneAeHn BO pasHute yye6HNUM no nefaroruja BO pasHN BpeMeHcKN Nepuony, NokaxyBaaT pasBojHa feHesa. Nputoa, onpefenyBaibeTo Ha gafauute Bo Teopyjata Ha negarorjata e AeTepMuHMpaHO Of, PpaspojoT Ha nefarowkaTa Hayka, a noceGHO Of Toa Kako HejsMHUTe CosHaHuja ce npeKpwyBaaT BO ccpakalbeTo Ha UHTeNekTyanHOTO BocnuTaHve MW HeroBoTo ONpeAesyBalbe. Taka, 80 nppuTe yyeOHUn NO negaroruja, kako HajBaxkHa equicTBeHa 3aga4a Koja ce nocTasysa npeA MHTeNeKTyaNHOTO. BocnuTaHMe e@ cTeKHyBaleTO Ha 3Haelba MBps Taa OCHOBA Warpanyeawe Hay4eH norneg Ha cBeT.3Haum, YenoKynHoTO BHuMaHne e@ chokycupaHo Ha matepujanHata KOMNOHeEHTa (cTeknypatbe Ha sHaetba) a ApyruTe KOMNOHEHTH Ce 3aHemapyBaar. 94 Seanned with amscannerA-p Posanmna Monosa Kocraposa Mogoyna, Bo nepvopot mefy 70-Te u 80-1e - MuHaTHOT Bex, NenesaTa Ha 3aqayn Ce NPowWMpysa, Gay, as e Ha aMcTunKuujata wo ce NnpaBn Mey yuTepe, AADC yy BOCHMTAHNe BO OAHOC Ha COpasoBaHvero vi Hactasata, ste sagaun Ha wHTeneKTyaNnHOTO BOCNMTAHHE ce yr, a) cnegunte: YBa, ° YcpojyBatbe Ha 3Haelba, * opmupatbe ymeetba Ml HaBUKN, « Pagsvpalbe Ha MHTeNeKTyanHuTe CHNM M CnocobHocT, * Osnapysaite co kynTypata Ha MHTenekTYAaNHMoT Tpya, «© O6nukysabe nosvTMBH CTpaHy Ha NM4HOCTa. (Vukasovi, 1976: 25). Bo ocHopata Ha Baka cbopmynupaHuTe 3ayaun, nexy notpe6ata Bo yyunnuTeTO He camo Ala ce CTEKHYBaaT 3Haelba # | chopmupaat HaBuky u ymeelba, TYKY YYEHMKOT Aa Hay4n fa yyn, fa vctpaxysa, fa Ope VHTeNeKTyaNHO aKTUBCH, fa KOpNcTH pasHn MsBopH Ha 3Haetba. | Bo nepnogot nocne 80-Te roqunn Ha MMUHaTHOT BEX | eBUEHTHMO e BNVjaHveTO Ha HOBUTe TeHAeHUMM KOU ce pesynrat Ha paspojoT Ha negarowkata Hayka. ViMeHo, noTpe6ata 3a aKTMBHa ynora Ha YYeHMKOT BO BOCNUTHO-O6pasoBHMoT —Npoues aHrakupalbeTO Ha HETOBMTe YMCTBEHM CUM ocnocobysatbero %4 camoo6pa3oBaHne Aobusaar ctpatewka onpepenba BO sapaume Ha WHTeneKTyanHoTo BocnuTaHve, WTO ce sagpxysa M AC ener. Taxa KaKo saqaum Ha uaTeneKryanHoro BocnuTaHve vcTakHyBaaT: + YcpojyBatbe Ha 3Haeiba, HaBMKY, yMeetba UM copampat? norneg Ha cBeT, * Paseupalbe Ha unTenextyanHute cunn u cnoco6Hoc™, « PaspuBatbe Ha kynTypa Ha yMCTBeHUOT TPYA, * Ocnoco6ysatbe Ha yyeHnyTe 3a camocTo}| Ha 3HaelbaTa, OAHOCHO OcnocobyBalbe 3a CaMOO! MW NepMaHeHTHO O6pazoBanne. a CospemeHoto —_—onpenenysaibe Ha gagaunte 92 Seanned with Camscannerc yreneKTyaniHoTO BocnuTaHne, ykKaxkysa Ha cbaxroT’ jeKa> 3a coppeMeHHoT —BOCTTHO- O6pasoBeH npoyec He e noseke wunepaTne cTeKHyaaieTO Ha sHasieara, MiaKo Toa He ce Hervpa, pHuMaHMeTO ce cBpTyBa Ha Apyute cyluTMHCKN cTpaHu: Aa Aoara go wapas akTuBHaTa ynora Ha y¥eHiKoT BO HacTasara, Aa He Ce yooojyaaaT rOTOBM sHaciba uHcbopmauuy, tyky cTpaTermn yacoNeH KOH CAMOCTOJHO CTeKHyBalbe Ha sHaeHaTa, Aa ce paseea wuTenektyanHa sby6onutTHocT, fa foafa Ao “spas sM4HVOT aHraxkMaH Ha YYCHUKOT BO CTCKHYBalbeTO Ha 3Haebbata, goseaysabe Ha YYeHMUNTe BO nocTankuTe Ha caMocTOjHO: avanusupalee, CMHTeTUSMpalbe, NpenosHaBalbe M edunnpatbe Ha npo6nemue co KOM ce coowysaaT mM HMBHO pelllapalbe CO paamucnysaite, Kako M fa ce cbopmuipaaT HaBMKi 3a KOHTMHYMpaHO obpasoBaHne. 4.4, MpwHuynu Ha MHTeNekTyanHO BocnutaHve Bo cekoja opraHusupana pa6ota, ce npumerysaaT oApeAeHM npwkunu. Tue npetcrasysaaT onuTM Havena 4 6apatba Kou tpeba a ce nownTyBaar, co Yer BOCNUTHO-O6pasoBHUMOT npouec Aa 6uge noycnewen. Noarajku of cosHaHveTo AeKka uHTenektTyanHoTO BOCNUTaHMe ‘TpeOa fa e Taka opraHusupaHo Aa: © cbopmupa nore Ha cBeT, * rm pecnektupa wHauBnpyanHuTe cnoco6HocTn Ha NUYHOCTA, * opropapa Ha BospacTa pasBojHuTe cnoco6HocTM Ha smutocta, ® =MOTTMKHYBa AKTMBHOCT M nosuuyja Ha cy6jekT Ha yYeHMKOT BO BOCNUTHO-OOpas0BHMOT NPoLec, * chopmupa HaBuKn 3a camoo6pasoBaHve mM mepMaHeHTHO o6pasoBaHne. acnekTu, 80 pamKuTe Ha Bp3 ocHosa Ha ropeHaBeneHMTe a ce vs_BojaT cnegHuTe WHTenextyanHoTo BocniTaHne MoxKaT A Mpakunnn: Seanned with Camscannerp Posanuiia Monosa Kockaposa a © Mpuxyun na HayyHa 3acHoeaHocm, Mpuryun na ceecua akmueHocm, © Mpuryun Ha coo6paseHocm co so3pacma Ha yYeHuyume ©) Mpunyun na undueudyanusayuja. * Tpe6a fa ce wma BO NpPeABAA AeKA NpuHUNNUTe 42 UHTenektyanHoTo BocnuTaHHe, ce BCYLWHOCT M MpMHUANA 4 yo ocTanaTuTe BocnMTHY noApayja. 1.4.1. [punuun Ha HayyHa 3acHOeaHocm Osoj npunyyn sHa4n us60poT Ha COAPYKMHMTe, KAKO M HaYnHoT Ha TonkyBatbeTo Ha novmuTe Aa OvfaT Hay4HO sacHoBann, HaykaTa e ABMKeUKa Ca Ha ONLUTECTBOTO MU YOBEKOBMOT pazedj, lla oTTyka M HeONXogHocTa Of NOUMTYBalbe Ha Hay4HMTe peayntarn BO CUTe CefMeHTM Of >KMBOTOT Ha 4OBeKOT.!pucakalbeTo Ha 080) NpwHunn sHaun MHTeNeKTyanHOTO BOCNMTaHve Aa pasBuiBa mHTepec 3a HaykaTa. MOKOHKpeTHO, BO COAPXKUHUTe Ha MHTeNeKTyaNHOTO BocnuTaHue fa ce KOpucTaT Hay4HO-NpoBepeHu uM coBpeMelit sHaelba. Bo peanusauyjata Ha NpuHuWNOT Ha HAYYHOCT BO paMKnTe Ha uxTenektyanHoTo BocnitaHve, tpeGa fa ce nounTysaaT HeKONKy OCHOBHH Bapatba: ° Bo octsapysatbeTo Ha Oapaibata 3a Hay4HOcT ce HavAys4 Ha onpegeneHn TewkoTuu, Kon ce pesyntat Ha exopmHnoT OPS passoj Ha HaykuTe. Vmexo, Hay4Hute sHaetba Gpso sacrapysaal | ce yABOCTpy¥yBaaT, OfHOCHO HUBHYOT 6poj mocTojaHo ie 3ronemysa. Of Apyra ctpava nak, HopmanHo e feKa cuTe Hay! CosHaHvja He MOxKAaT fa ce npeseHTupaaT Ha yueHnunTe HemuHosHo e fa ce spum cenexyyja_ Ha HajcywiTecrBen cbyHfameHTanHu sHaewba 04 cekoja Hayka u Tue Ha conse?! Ha4MH Npeky nountysabe nm Ha pyr npunyunn AA ' MkkKopnopupaa’r BO HacTaBHuTe conp»kuHM 3a onpegeneHa 50 Be erticta ic cin cad eS Hay4Hoct Aa osoamona apatbe nexn notpebaTa Dp 0 nacTasHNoT npouec M BOBeAyBalbe Ha onwiTuTe MO! or yluTe Of paka Bospact. MpemHory npa 94 Sanned with Camscanner | | |opwenTupaHaTa HacTaBa, ‘Kane Aoafa po wspas emniy poonuTysatee, HE ABA MOXHOCT 3a paspyBaise Ha Toph crete Ha Toj HAY MW: HEAOBONHO ce Ocnocobysaar i pa macnaTs OcoBEHO AKeHTOT Aa ce crasy Ha aaa mcrnetee : *e > [lpn peannsauyja Ha Sapatbeto 3a Hay4HOcT, He cmee fa ce gaxemapy @akTOT LITO MHTenekTyanHoTo: BocnuTaHne: noKpaj Toa wo e enHa KOMNOHeHTa Of pasBojoT Ha niuHOCTa, Toa eM ocHoBA ya yenoKynHata BOCNMTHO-o6pasoBHa pabora.Ortyka; npnHynnoT ya HaywHa 3ACHOBaHOCT He ce ogHecysa camo Ha yutenexTyamHOTO, TYKy M Ha OCTaHaTHTe BocnuTH noppayja. 4.4.2. [punyun Ha akmueHocm Osoj npuxuvn nog”pas6upa yyeHukoT ga uma nosnyyja Ha cyOjext, a He NacuBeH o6jekT BO BOCNUTHO-o6pasoBHuOT npolec. Bo cyluTMHaTa Ha OBO] NPUHLUMN, Nex NoTpeSaTa Ha yYeHMUMTe Aa He mM Ce NpeHeCyBaaT 3Haetba BO FoTOBa chopma, Tyky 40 HMB pa ce goafa npeky CONCTBeEHa aAKTMBHOCT, CO BNOxKyBalbe Ha wuTenekTyaneH Hanop. UnTenektyanHoTo BocnuTaHve He cMee fa ce orpaHuun WU fa ce cBege camo Ha MaCUBHO cCnylWalbe, 3aOMHyBalbe M penpoAyuiupatbe, OfHOCHO Ha THp. MpMMo- npepasaykn ofHOC Ha HacTaBHMkoT uM y4eHnKor. OTTyka, YenTa Ha npvHyunoT Ha CBECHa AKTMBHOCT He € NACMBHO MeMOpupalbe KV penpogyunpatbe Ha 3HaelbaTa, TYKy PasBUBalbe Ha uiTenektyanHutep cnocobHocTu. lpeky oBoj ApukyMn ce MpvgoHecyBa fa ce pasBue caMocTojHaTa pa6ota Ha yyeHuuuTe, kaKO U HABHO OcnocobyBalbe 3a camooOpasoBaHne. CamocTojHoTo cTekHyBalbe Ha 3HaelbaTa Ma rofeMa BaKHOCT M npeTcTaByBa WaHeHTHa gajla4a Ha MHTenekTyanHoTO BocnuTaHMe. OA THe NpM4MHM VM NpUHUMNOT Ha CBECHA AKTUBHOCT ykarkyBa Ha notpe6ata Wenmunte ga opnageat co meToguTe Mm TeXHUKUTe Ha CamoctojHoTo yuerbe.IlosHaTo e Aeka sHaeHbaTa 6ps0 sactapysaat, Na oTtyka u noTpe6ata of NnepMaHeHTHO o6pasoBanue ce noBeke Aoafa po napas. a NoreHunpatbeto Ha npukuvnor Ha a TMHa npetnocrasysa MMCrIOBHa aKkTMBHO! KTUBHOCT, BO cBOjaTa ctr. Hopmano e€ BO 95 Seanned with CamscannerA-p Posanuva Monosa KooKal Ba npoyecot»Ha yYelbe ompeneHn sHaetha Aa Ce ycaojyeaay sanomHyBaise. Toa ce npeA ce, caxtorpacboxn Nonaroyy uncbopmaunn. 0A ucropwja, reorpaduja MM CAMYHO. 3y, mucnoBHaTa akTMBHOCT He moxe Bo YerocT Aa fo weTAcHe azanomnysareTo. Mefytoa, cyuiTuHaa @ 80 TOA Aa Ce SanOMHypaa, TeKHyBaaT NPEKY CONCTBCHOTO Mucreye onve cosHaHnja Kon ce ©’ ogHocHo Ha npoyecoT HA ganomHyBatbe Aa MY NPETXOAM npor Ha mucnelbe. @axt e AeKa Avctpn6ynpa sHaetbeTo @ MHory NOeAHOCTABHO HA YHEHMKOT Aa ity op on Hero fa ce Gapa Aa Fo ancopbypa ucToTo, CO aKTMBUpalbe Ha Heropata MeMopHja, OAHOCHO fa to 3anomHn. Mpumep, 80 TPaaHyMoHanHioT npuctan, HacTaBHMKor ¢ HaBnkHaT ga uM [M npeseHTupa qpaxTuTe Ha YYeHMUMTe Of THnor: »Mlapu3 e raseH rpaA Ha dpanuyja, a Aruna Ha Tpuyija" u og yuenukot ce Sapa camo Qa ro 3anomMHe TOA. Fipuxumnot pa akTuBHocT, noApas6upa Apyr npuctan, Kafe YYeHNKOT CaM ke Moxe jaa Aojne Ao TOYHMOT CAFOBOP, HOM Aa MONE Aa OproBopH H Ha CHM4Hn Mpawalba of THNOT: ,lTo ro npasu Maps nocebex 3a @panuyja, a wTo Aruna 3a Ppuyja?” PassusalbeTO Ha MUcreHeTO Ce nocturHyBa Camo ako npouecor Ha cTeKHyBalbe Ha sHaetba Ce SacHOByBa BPS icnoBka AKTMBHOCT, OAHOCHO CAMO aKO NPM CTeKHYBatbeTO Ha sHaetbara Te ce MMCNOBHO aKTMBHM, ako ce BOBEAYBAAT BO aHamusa, CHHTESS, uxpykuyja, AeayKunja, revepanusayyja “ cnuuHo. OTtyKa # cosHaHueTo eka MucnoBHuTe cnocobHocTM Ha yyeHMunTe, ucToBpeMmeHo ce ui ycnos mu pesynaT Ha HacTaBaTa. 1.4.3. [IpuHyun Ha coo6pazeHocm co eo3pacma Ha yyeHuyume Mpunynnot Ha coo6paseHoct Ha uTenexryamHor® pocnuTaHue co BospacTa Ha yueHnUMTe yKanysa Ha noTpeoata npit ws60poT Ha cCOAPKVHWTe M meTo_VTe Ha untenextyanHor BocnuTaHve fa ce NounTyBaaT CnocobHOcTUTe MW MOrKHOCTH See ee ue 3a OfMpegeHa BO3pactT. Noafajku og mucnata Ha Komenckn ,Ha ymoT Aa He wy % HaMeTHyBa HVLUTO LTO He oprosapa Ha HeropaTa Boapach (KomencKn,1954) co o80j npmHuun ce 6apa coppxMHiTe ite HA 96 Scanned with CamscannerSe Donato mame ce oppasysaat ap3 m™ Hagmunysaat HeropuTe woxHocTu. OTTyka u Bapaiseto Hacrs aT Ha BO3pacHuTe MoxHOcTH Hema fa tM notyeHysa, HuTy eHMUMTe, TyKy Ke ro NOTTMKHyBa Wa YWEHMUMTe, Ha HaYNH Koj npeyeHyBa cnocobHoctuTe Ha yu Toj pasBoj. Co npasunho HacoveHata Hactaga, moxe PasBojot pa ce AOBeAYBa AO NoOBUCOKO HuBO. Vero, noshato e eka npexy YHEHETO YYEHMKOT ce pasBuBa, HO ucTo Taka, y4elbeTo un CTEKHYBarbETO PaSNNYHM sHaelba. Aejctaypaat NOBpaTHO UW BNujaat passojot fa ce Npogna6ouysa, ofHocHo Aa 6uge Ha nosucoKx cTenen. 1.4.4. Mpuxuun Ha uHOueudyanusauyuja Npuxuunot Ha UHANBMAYaNKMsayyja npeTnoctasysa Gapaiba 3a npunarogysatse Ha WHTeNeKTYaNHOTO BOCNUTaHMe KOH VHAMBi- Ayanunte KapakTepucTuKn MW ChocobHOCTH Ha yueHuUmTe. Notpe6ata og nouuTysalbe Ha oBoj npuHyn npousnerysaog CO3HaHNeTO Aeka Ha UCTa KaneHfapcka BO3pPacT, EBUAEHTHU ce Pasnuku mefy yyeHuunte BO mHTeNekTyaneH, cb3v4kn, eMoTHBeH, Couvjanex u Apyr norneg. BcywHOocT, ofamHa e KOHCTaTMpaHo feKa cuTe yyeHuyn He pacnonaraaT co ucTM cnocobHocTH, Tyky ce Pasnukysaat mety ce6e. . incre Ha wHgMeugyannsauyja ce ccbaka kako "Punaropyparse Ha fMmaKTMYKUTe AKTMBHOCTA KOH vaste Sonejin cmetka 3a HiBHMTe MHAMBMAYANHN KapakTepucTuKn, TIpeKy “HAVBNgyanusaynjata ce TexHee Aa ce ocTBapaT aan PasBoj Ha cexoj noequvey. Co Apyr sa6opoBH, 080) np 97 Seanned with Camscanner~ B-p Posanuna Nonosa Kockaposa sawn fa ce nowTyBaaT MHAMBMAYANHITE KapaKre yuenuute, a npn Toa sagauuTe, compxnnute, idl 5 qbopmute Ha HacTaBHa pabota fa ce Mpwcnocotay ye 14 a KapakTepucTHkn, UNN NOTOYHO KOH: MoxKHOCTuMTe, CNC Hog, oco6beHocTuTe Ha YYeHUUTe Of VcTa Bospacr, Fpuriypn, Te wnauevayanvsaunja Npetnocrasyea = MMAWBHAyanig WHQUBYgyanusupana HacTaBa. Vngueugyanuata HacTaBa 3Haun Peannsaynja MHTenekTyanHOTO BoCnMTaHNe NpeKy COAPxNHH Kon ce cyte yYeHuY, HO CeKOj camocTojHo pa6orn, MHANBuAyanHo rv usBpuyBanocTaBeHuTe sagaun. Vinqueupyanusypanata HactaBa nak 3Ha4n MHTeNeKTyanHoTy veTH ag k f E i BocnuTalne fa ce peanusupa Npeky COAPIKMHN KOM ce panini 24 | OAHOCKg cute yueHnun. Cexoj Hanpegyea cnopeg concTBeHoTo Temno, 2. ECTETCKO BOCMUTAHUE Yopexot He e camo homosapiens, tyxy Toj eu homoesteticus, wro sHauv feka camo YoBeKoT uma cnoco6xHoct fa F Ja sa6enexysa, ga ja AoxKueysa u pa ja cosgasa y6asunuata. Vn, Kako WTO pexon egeH mucnuten: ,Ce wWTo e KUBO Caka yOasnna, HO CaMO 4OBekoT He Camo LTO ja caka, TyKy ja cosgaga." (Montegaza, yt. cnopen M. Topresnk, P.Huukosuk, 1990: 59). Bes taa CnocobHocT, YoBeKOBMOT >KuBOT 6u Gun MHOTY cupomalweH, Secmucnen n eQkoctpan. Mpexy goxusysatbe crosman 4 y6aBoTo, YoBeKor ectetcKn ja oceojysa v o6nuKysa r SaToa M ectetcKoTo BocnutaHue e cocTaBel " ‘OnXoneH ycnos sa yur oj #8 erpaneH u 4eH pasBO} smuviocra, X@PMOHUYeH pi Sanned with Camscanner3AHMMABalbe CO CnopT HW CNOPTCKM AKTMBHOCTH, Ha: To) y Npugoxece sa chyHKyMOHANHO KOpHCTelbe HA CNoboAHOTO | BO UICTO BpeMe Mi sroneMyBalbe HA NCMXOGUSHKHTE cnoodg,, kaj mnagvot uopex. 3Ha4M, Hajgo6ap Ha4vH fa ce 0 NepMaveHTHMoT uHTenekTyaneH 3aMop Kaj nu4Hocta e AKTUBHO GaBerbe co : FMHACTHKA, CNOPT, CNOPTCKA TPH, dra, Bex6u M Chu4Ho. mrs Tematcku Bex6n Kako mgeH HactaBHiK/socnuTyBa4 Kako Ke envjaey Qeyata npaBunko Aa FO KOpMCTAT CBOETO cNobopiig Bpeme? 4, MOPANHO BOCIMTAHVE Mopanot e o6nuk Ha onuwTecTBeHa cBect. Kako Takos, cexkorall npeTnoctasysa ofpefeHu Hopmm, npuHynn, npasine nu 6apatba Kon ro perynupaat oAHecysBarseTo Ha myfeTo BO cHTe ccbepu Ha YOBEKOBMOT ONLITECTBEH M NIMYEH XKMMBOT. Etumonowkoto sHayelbe Ha 360poT mopan noTeKHysa of ,flaTMHcKoT 360p moralis 4 mores, WTO sHa4M 36up Ha o6myaM KOM opo3smMoxysaaT moBoreH M cknaneH oncraHoK M paseo] #4 noeguxeyoT M onwTecTBoTo." ( Byjaknuja:566). Mopanot cekoral nofpas6upa KOHKpeTeH M onwTe’ OfHOC Ha YOBeKOT KOH Apyrure nyfe, KOH onWTeCTBeHaTa cpenwia M KOH CamuoT cebe. MopanHoto BocnuTaHve npeTnoctaByBa AonroTpaeH “ HA Manky efHocTaBeH npouec 3a cpopmupatee v mopanka nuuHocr. Moxe fa ce Karke Aeka MopanHoTO aconnTatl® e@ BO MCTO BpeMe M ONWwTeCTBeHO BocnuTaHve, 6uaejke 2 a NogroTByBa YOBeKOT 3a 3aeQHMYKN >%KNBOT BO onwrecrBero™ ee komnnexcet 110 Seanned with Camscanneraennmua, @ oA Apyra cTpaka nak, nouy a gennata, BPEAHOCTHTE, SHAUN AeKa on " mopanHo BocnMTaHne, TYBabeTO Ha Hopmute, WWTECTBEHOTO BocnuTaHne pocrojaHo c@ MEHYBAN M pasByBan. On tye TPM, «Bo aanmuHvTe eMOx M MCTOpUcKH nepnogu, nyfeto panne quenysame WTO © HECHO, LITO HeYecHO; WTO © pobpo, wiTo He e: sro € AO3BONIEHO, a LUTO He e; LITO e Mopanto, a wTo Hemopaniio yw cnu4Ho. SHaum, MopanHo-eTu4KuTe cchakatba, OHOCHO mopanoT, nocTojaHo ce MeHyBane uM ceKorall 6uine Bo cbyHKunja Ha oppeneHo onwrectso, Knaca, Tpyna w Apyro. Pasnukute so MopanHuTe cipakatba Ce MEHYBame He CaMo CO npoMeHuTe Bo onuTecTBeHO- eKOHOMCKMTE cbopmaynuy, Tyky UW BO pamkuTe Ha ucTO ONWTECTBEHO ypeaysalbe, NMocTojaT pasnuku uw cnopoTuBcTaBeHocTu. Taka Ha npimep, OHa LUTO € MopanHo 3a BNafeauKata knaca, He e MopanHo 3a noTumHetata Knaca. Bo KOHTeKcT Ha oBa, ce MHoryOpojHuTe socTaHvja WTO ce cny4yBane BO UcTOpyjata, Kon noTYMHeTUTe excnnoaTMpaHuTe ri OpraHisvpaat npotu excnnoatatopure. Bo poOosnagetenckoTo onuitectso, pobosnagetenot 6un CONCTBEHUK Ha poGOT, KOrO He caMO LITO ro ekcnnoaTupan, Tyky, moxen uv fa ro npofafe, na Aypy u fa ro yOue. Mputoa, takeute foctanku ce cmetane 3a cocema mopanun. VicTo Taka, yOuBarbeTO Ha cna6uTe AeyYa Bo CnapTa, He ce cchakan kako HeMoparieH 4H. Bo qbeygankoto onuiTcTBo, cbeyfaneyoT He moxeN fa TO y6ve KMeToT (sakpenocteHuoT cemaHel), Tyky moxKen fa ro Mpofane 3aenHo co 3eMjata. TakBaTa nocranka ce cmeTana 3a Boo6uyaeHa MW MopanHa. Bo 6yp»koackoTo rpafaHcko OnuTecTBO, nocToena chopmanHo- NpasHa eguakpoct Ha cue nyfe. KanutanuctoT He Moen Aa TO yOve, HuTy ga ro npogage padoTHuKoT, HO >KecToKaTa ekcnnoataunja He camo Ha MalKata paGoTHa cna, TyKy M Ha *EHCKMOT AeTCKMOT TpyA ce cmeTane 3a o3BONeHH MM MopasiHi. Bo couwjanuctmukoro onwrecTBo | oAHociTe LTO ce Socnoctasysaar mefy nyfeTo ce KapakTepusmpaaT Kako TIOMOBEHIN foxymann) u nonpaseaun, 80 onHe Ha npeTxonHOTO Gyporoacte afancko onuwtecrso, Coljanuctu4koTo onurectBo = rpaaw Mii 111 Seanned with Camseanner“ omusrecraex cncrem Ha MopanHn HOPMM eAHaKen aq Pa6oTHuKoT He e NpnBaTHa concTBeHocT, HMTY Nak Cpenctgara nponsBogcTeo ce npuBaTHi. TaKBuTe NPOMEHM BO onWTecTagr, oppasysaat BO MopariHOTO socnutaHie. Apxasara ja ANtypg yenta. Ha MopanHoTo BocnuTaHve MW HUKO) HeMa paso pa, menysa nn suvgovsmerysa LTO s6opyea 3a daror pera ToranutapHocta Ha couMjanv3MoT kaKO OMLUTECTBEH cHtcTeMy og BrpagfyBa BO BocnuTaHueTo. (Torocka, 116). CospemeHoTo rpafaHCKo OMLUTECTBO AoKnByBa TONeMa kpyag Bo opHoc Ha cucremoT Ha MopanHiTe BPeAHOCTM, uno HajHenoponHo ce ofpasyBa Bp3 BO eel Ha wnanara reHepauvja. BnujaHneto Ha cTapnte ccpakatba noneka onafa, Ho ap ico Bpeme ce jaaysaat m Gapaiba 3a HOBM MOpAaNHM OAHocH ccpakatba. Bo sHauuTenHa Mepa Ce wspa3eHM NpoTMBpeyHoctn metry mopanHaTa cBecT u ONUTeCTBeHUTe —opHocH, wgmeugyanHata onuTecTBeHaTa CBeECT, MOpankuTe BpenHocm v onmgectBeHata cpeaMna Mi ChMYHO. 4.1, Cywtwna v 3Ha4elbe Ha MOpanHoTo BocnuTaHue CywTuHata Ha MopanHoTo BocnuTaHMe ce refa mpeky cbopmupatbe Ha MopanHa CBeCcT, MopanHM yBepyBatba MM CTaBOBl, usrpagyBatbe Ha cnoco6HOcTM 3a MmopanHO npoueHyBalbe Vi passvBalbe Ha MOpanH uyBCTBa, jakHeHbe Ha BomjaTa WH KapakTepoT M OfTOBOpHO OfHecyBalbe u AejcTByBalbe. OTTyKa, 34 MopanHo BocnuTaH He ce cMeTa camo OHOj Koj Moxke ga nocranysa & MopamiHo, TyKy OHO] KOH He Moke Aa nocTanysa Ha Apyr HaXil: Satoa egeH Of KpuTepyymuTe Ha MopanHoTo BocnuTaHie e cTeneHor Ha chopmupaHocT Ha MopanHute moTMBH. Bo cogpemeHoTo onuirectso noce6Ho e mapaset NpoTMBpeYHocTa, OfHOCHO HeycornaceHocta mery mopanHiTe pce yapateara wa eleieanecr Co pasnusnure Hauora een ee ferences Nokpaj toa, noceGHO an Bnvjatuveto Ha noce6uure col aaa ee ai " uujankin rpynn. ; Bo MPOHeCcoT Ha MopanHo BocnuTaHne KapaKrepucTa4l@ e ET 112 Scanned with CamscannerpHa W cyOj@KTMBHA cTpaHa, Mpexy o6jexrnar “8 yeaa crea poten BO ONWTeCTBOTO, a Bo cy6jexruenar fat ao "spas On © Ha fu4HocTa KOH onuectBoTO; oe , opnapyBalseTo CO ONWITeCTBeHUTe HOpMH HW Gapawa u oY HO octsapysatse. SaToa u Benue jeKxa mopanor Noppas6upa jereH OAHOG HA MOBKOT KOH’ Apyrute nyfe, KOH wrecTaeHaTa cpenvHa (couvjantata mukpo W-makpo cpeqnia) 1 1H caMMoT ce6e. i ‘ MopanoT Kako OAHOC Ha 4OBeK KOH YoBek ce ocrBapysa Hua cexojaHestaTa YOBeuKa KOMYHMKaUvja. Mpuroa, Toj ofHoc Moxe fa Gye nosuTMBeH VIM HeraTuBeH. TlosutuBHnoT opHoc ce mannpectmpa npeky: XyMaHvi3aM, Tonepanunja, nowntysatee, wgapHocr, a/iTpyvsam lM Apyro. HeraTuBHuoT Ce uspasyBa BO BYA Ha eronsam (ce6u4HoCT), ompasa, 3aBMCT, HENOUMTYBalbe, OMAaNOBaxyBalbe, HeTONepaHyyja wapyro. Bo oBaa Hacoxa, HeMMHOBHO e@ 4a ce fenysa og manu ose, KakO NPEBEHTMBHO AejcTByBalke co len Hamanysabe Ha neraTMBHHOT OAHOC. MoparioT Kako OAHOC Ha YOBeK KOH co\janHata cpeguia, ce octsapysa HajpBO BO paMKUTe Ha CeMejcTBOTO, Kage AeTeTO TM cbopmvpa npsuTe nornegn 3a MopanHo ofHecysaibe u MopanHa ceect. Bo 080] KOHTeKCT, MOLWHE BaXKHM Ce XAPMOHMYHUTe OAHOCH 80 ceMejoTBOTO, no“NTyBalbe Ha cuTe UNeHOBM Ha ceMmejcTBOTO, mpagetbe Ha mefyceOHa goBepba u my6os. Oguocor Ha 4oBeK KOH couWjanHaTa cpequHa Moxe fa Guge NOsuTMBeH, HO MW HeraTMBeH. Mo3sMTMBHUOT OfHOC Ce MaHMdbectupa Npexy pa3BMeHO 4YBCTBO Ha NMpWNMaAHOCT KOH OMWWTECTBOTO UM KonekTMBOT, NPAaBUNEH OAHOC KOH ONUITECTBEHVOT MMOT, rpwxKa 3a saumuTa MM sa4yeyBalbe Ha npMpogHata M onuiTecTBeHaTa CPequHa, Kako MU NpeKy pasBMeHO NaTpMOTCKO YyBCTBO (rby6OB KOH TaTkosuHara), Heratusunor ofHoc ce uspasyBa Npeky HECOBECeH O{HOC KOH ewchara WM nowMpokata onwTecTBeHa cpeAMHa, a M Npeky ia ranwaan wan THp. noKan-natpwoTusam. Ha ewes Renmei Npoyecn tpeba npesexTuBHo Aa ce BTWjae NpeKy : @HVETO, OAHOCHO BOCNMTHMTe COAPKKHM. Mopanor kaKo ogHoc KOH cammoT cebe con npeTnoctaByBa 113 = ac Seanned with Camscanner-p Posanmia Nonosa Kockapona MopanHa coBecT, a ce uspasyBa MpeKy noeqnHn xq OcOBMHN NM CTeneH Ha pasBVeHOCT Ha BoMjaTa. Bo opa; foce6Ho ce akleHTMpaaT cneqHuTe oco6unu: AocnegHocT, OQny4HOCT, CaMOKPUTUYHOCT, npwHyynuenkocr, WHUYYjaTUBHOCT MM CM4HO. OpropopHocta e@ efHA Of OCHOBHUTE ogy kapaktepucTukn Ha mM4HoCTa, Ma 3aTOA Tpe6a fa ce ar mann Hose. OproBopHocta KOH ce6e, npetnoctasyaa 9 ofropopHoct KOH gpyriTe. Bo mo¥eTOoKoT Taa Moxe pq " Maxudectupa HM3 HajenHocTaBHM cHTYaLIN: Aoararbe e | yunnuuite TOUHO Ha Bpeme, AocmeAHO USBPLUYBAalbe Ha paboriits O6BpCKN AoMa M BO YYUNMLUTETO Mi CrMMHO. PaspupatbeTo Ha ogaa oco6uia Kaj yYeHNUNTe Of Marin Hose NPMAOHEcyBa paskosngHie aKTMBHOCTH Ha BpeMme Mi KBaNUTeTHO Aa ce peanusipaa’. KputuuHocta, OAHOCHO CaMOKpMTMTMMHOCTA 2, 0 Tecka Bpcka CO OAFOBOPHOCTA M OBOSMOXKYEA, pasBuBaibe Ha cnocobHoct 3a o6jekTMBHO M peaslHo MPOL|eHYBarbe Ha CONCTBEHMTE, HO It Ha tyfwte noctankh = M opHecysartba. Tlopann —mspasenara cy6jexTuBHocT, WTO ja NoceAyBa YOBKOT, HE © HI Maniky Necko fa ce passusa u chopmupa KPUTMMHOCT, OAHOCHO CAMOKPMTUYHOCT kako KapakTepHa oco6una. Ottyka, pasBuBalbeTo Ha Baa ocobnHa Tpe6a Ala ce 3acHoBa Ha aesusata: Tlocmanysaj co Opyeume maka, Kako uimo cakaw mue 0a nocmanyeaam CO me6e! (Fopresii Huukosnk:1990). Bp3 ocHopa Ha Aocera KaxKaHoTo, MoxKeMe Aa KoHcTaTupane eka ocHOBHa Wer Ha MOpasTHOTO BocnuTaHue & ocnocobysatee #4 noeguHeuoT Aa mucnu, Aa uyscTByBa U Aa penysa BO coKstafi 6° Gapaibata Ha OMlTeCTBeHMOT mopan, mopasiHuTe apentor™ Hopmute, npwnunnure m npapnnata. VaKo yuunnuTeT© ioe egvHcTBeHnoT cpakTop Koj Bnujae Ha ermuknoT pas80! 9 noeguHeuoT, 6upejkn cunHo e€ vspaseHO rnjanveT ee cemejcTBoTo, couvjanHata cpeanna, BpcHuyyTe cmiu4Ho, yer? Toj npouec MorxKe ocobexo Aa Suge ecbexTuBeH HU3 Boonton Tyka uw HacTaBHuKoT uMa MHOry BaxKHa ynora ga_NOP mg chopmupae Ha muutocta, ocoGeHo nopaal aH at yueHunTe ce upeHTHpKyBaar co Hero M1 c’o HeroBlTe oct Pare py 2 Cli, SATOBOD Hog, CaMoctjiog 114 Seanned with CamscannerjaT cneAHVBe: + PasauBaibe Ha Mopanta cBecr u copecy © PaspvBaibe Ha Mopansiuyectaa, . Pasbiipalbe Ha Bonjata u Kapakrepor, flo opHoc Ha npBata saqaua, Kapakre; nocrankn. ‘[ipsata noctanka ce opnecysa 1 ropata HA mopanHomo y6edyeatbe unu yet npaxmuyHo- MopasIHO OdHeCyearbe. | Mopanvama ceecm ce kapakrepyanpa co ocnocobeHoct Ha wiqnenayata Aa Moxe Aa TM cchaTu, Aa rH pasGepe HajpasnnunuTe mopanHi OfHecyBatba LTO noctojat BO ONWTeCTBEOTO. ~ Cekoja Mopanua cBecT Bo ceG6e uma enemeHTu Ha camocBect wu copect. CamocsecTa e@ Oco6uHa Ha Mopanna cBecT co koja ce osHayysaaT CONCTBEHUTe = MOpanHM nocTank, concTBeHoTO mopanlHO OfHECyBalbe KOH cede mM KOH Apyrute. YoBekot, 3a pasninka OF DKMBOTHUTE, CBECHO € OfFOBOpeH 3a CBOUTe NOCTNKM.M ena, CoppxXuHaTa Ha MopanHaTa CBeCT ce COCTOM of XapMOHMYHOCT M CKNafHocT Mefy mucnetbeTo, s6opysaeTo Mn fejctaysarbeTo, (e@AUHCTBO Ha mucnata, s6opoT M AenaTa), Kako M equHcT8o Mefy nu4HuTe uv onwTecTBeHMTe MHTepecn. HoKonky oTcycTByBa TaKBO eAMHCTBO, CTaHysa 3060p 3a s1a)%KeH MOpan, Kane AOMMHaTHO MecTO Wma HeNpmMHuvnuvenHocta, HEOfFOBOPHOCTa, HegocnenHocta, 3a fa ce cpopmupa focneAHO Mopanko ontecyaaise Bp3 ocHoBa Ha MopamHo yOeAyBalbe, HEONXOAHO € OR i wan Hose, HU3 BOCNUTHO-OOpasoBHiioT npoyec fa ce pasBuBa Mopantara caect m mopamHaTa COBeCT Kaj yYeHMUMITe. Hajgodap ‘"paMep 3a Toa moxe fla Ce obue Of cTpaHa Ha HacTaBHUKOT Pocnutysayor. i _ Mopaniiata copect e ommuHa Ha mopannaTa oBecT, co 7aa Pasnika: wo npeky Hea ce oujeHysaaT concTBeHuTe MopanHi Mecrankn, Taka, Bo cny¥an Kora YOBeKOT sHae eka nocranan ete; ce uysctaysa saposoren “ opekeH fecha 8H Reka HeropoTo opHecyBatbe € BO KONMSHja CO nocToji " MM, Npasvna vu Gapatba, Kaj Hero Ce uyecrayea rpwKa Ha PMCTH4HK ce HeKONKy, '@ Mopanama ceecm, epyéatbe W Tpetata Ha Seanned with Camscanneree ee a a. A-p Posania Monosa Kockaposa cosecta eka He nocTanun npaBMnHo. ‘ Tpe6a aa ce uma BO npeABNA AeKa He eee NOSHaBaiLery Ha MopanHute Hopmu u Gapaiba, sHa4n feKa Ke ce penyga ag cknag co HuB. 3aToa , MHory e BAXKHO Aa ce chopmupa Mopanio y6epysatse. MopanvoTo yOenyBatbe He © HELUTO LTO @ panens opHapBoP, Tyky Toa ce cpopMupa CO AKTUBEH OAHOC Ha YueHMKoy, 9 BO To] npouec of ronema BarKHOCT © yMoraTa Ha HacTaBHinoy. OAHOCHO BocnutyBayoT. Bo oBaa cmucna, Hajf06po Moxar fa NocnyxaT npumepu of Nutapatypata, YMeTHOCTA, UCTOpwjara, na y © CaMMOT >kNBOT, KOM e NOKeENHO Aa Ce BPeAKYBAAT Of eTHYKo Teguure. Mputoa, kako MHOry BaxkHa 3agaya Npu chopmupaibeto Ha Mopanin yBepyBatba e chopmupalbeTo Ha MopasHU 4yecmea, Toa BcylwHOCT u BTOpata 3afja4a Ha MOpanHOTO BOCNMTaHLe., NosHato e Aeka YOBEKOT BO TEKOT Ha CBOjOT %KUBOT AOrKuByBa pasnu4Hn eMOTMBHM AOxKUByBalba, KAKO Ha NpuMep: pafocr, cpeka, Tara, kan, cTpaB uv Apyro. Hekon emoumn ce nosnTMBHH, Apyrn HeraTuBHu. OBue 4yBcTBa Ce MaHUdbecTupaa}t BO OfHOCOT KOH cebe cu, HO M BO OQHOCOT co ApyruTe Nyfe. YOBeEKOT ce UYyBCTBYyBa cpekeH MW 3aQoBoneH AoKonky ocTBapn Hekoja cBoja Yen npeky CONCTBEHO 3anaralbe, OAHOCHO BNOKyBalbe Ha Tpys. Ho, ucto Taka © sgafosonex u Kora Ke My NomorHe Ha HeKOj Ha Koro my Tpe6a Nomow, Ke ro oxpa6pu; ke my ja nospatu camopopepbata cnuuno. Ha Toj Ha4unH ce pasBuBaaT nosuTMBHU Mopannn 4yscTBa Ht ce rpagaT XyMaHu 4YoBe4Kn ofHOCH. Og Tue npn, BO NpoyecoT Ha BocnuTaHve Tpe6a fa ce PassusaaT NOsMTMBHYTe eMouMN, OfHOCHO Aa ce cpopmupaaT MopanHM 4yecTsa KOM MaHucbectupaHn npexy mexaHMsmuTe 3 TPyNeH %KMBOT M paOoTa, Kako WTO ce: ApyrapcTBo, conmpapHOcT, Tonepakuuja, kocmnononuTcko 4YyecTeo v ~pyro, Hajgobap Halt fa ro nokaxkaT Toa © mnpeky KOHKpeTHn gena, nocrankn 1 Aejcteysalba. Camo Hu3_ npaKtu4Hoto Henysatbe moxe Aa Cc Bnujae Ha MopanHoTo chopmupaibe Ha AM4HOCTa. OA Mopanture uyBcTBa, Ke saBucn opHocoT Ha nmuHocTa KOH Precae apt,cla fO cnseano, pane, uysctsa tp6a fa ronan ar eee Oye MCbey Ha OAHeCyBalbeTO 4 AenyBary aaa ee 10 TO BO cknaQ co Yenta Ha MopamHe 116 Sanned with CamscannergocnTaHne. 3a chopmypatbe Ha TakBM 4yBCTBa, Of guavelbe © TONMATA COUMO-EMOWWOHANHA KnMMa BO onneneHi mefyceOHaTa Aosep6a Ha HaCTaBHUKOT co yYeHIl emnaTuuHocTa, AMjanoroT CNMYHO. Tpemama 3adava 0A MopanHoTo BocnuTaHne ce opHecyBa a OpMMpalbeTo Ha Bonjata n KapaktepoT. [osHato e AeKa BO norneA, Ha BOseBUTe oco6unu, nyfeTo ce pasnukysaat mefycebe, go cmucna WTO HeKOn NocepyBaar cna6a, a Apyru cunHa " YBpeTa ponja. JImuHocta co cna6a sonja ce 4yBCTByBa VICMIaLUeHO, xone6nuBo, co cna6a camoposep6a BO ce6e, HeNpuHunnenHo 4 HeoproBopHo ce oAHecysa. HacnpoTu Hea, sIm4HOCTa co cunHa “ uppcta Bonja ja OANMKyBaT: xpadpocT, | OATOBOPHOCT, NpMHUMNMeNHOCT, camoosepba, ynopHocr, AjocnegHocT, ogny4HocT. Toa ce nosuTMBHH Bones oco6uHn, Kon Tpe6a Aa ce passieaaT 80 MpolecoT Ha MopasiHoTo BocnMTaHHe. ate Bonjata e BO TecHa BpcKa co KapakTepHUTe oco6unn, OfHOCHO ce CMeTa AeKa Taa € AOMMHATHMOT cTon6 Ha KapakTepor, Tp wro NosHTMBHMTe KapakTepHin OcobuHM Ce AeTePMUHMPAHM OA kganuTeToT Ha Bomjata. Co Apyrn s6oposu, cunata Ha KapakTepOT 3aBMcM Of CuNuHaTa Ha BonjaTa, ocobeHO Kora Tpe6a Aa ce copnafaaT HeEKON NoroneMM TeWKOTMM BO X%XMBOTOT M pa6ortata. KapaktepoT HajyecTo ce objachysa npeKy oAHoOCHTe wTo TM pocnocTapyBa YoBeK co ApyruTe nyfe unM KOH CaMMOoT ce6e. Bo npoyecoT Ha MopanHO BocnuTaHue Tpeba fa ce pasBuBaaT NOSUTHBHM KapakTepH OCOOMHY, KAKO: COBECHOCT, OAFOBOPHOCT, NpasMyHocT, CaMOKPUTUYHOCT, CKPOMHOCT, ANCUMNAMHMpAHoCcT M cnn4no. 117 Seanned with amscannerTematcku BexK6u: * Pagmucnn kako MoxKe Aa ce HaAMMHAT CTepeotunyte i Apeppacyaure BO HallleTO ONKPYKYBALE M BO roGany, pamku? {aj KOHKpeTHY npumepu. = Teutyaymmte on BexGure | u Il ce npessemeHn of paSorannnuymre co wactasHnyure of MegarowKnTe cbakynTeTH GO paMmuTe Ha npoeror MefyerHuuxo naterpupalo oGpasosanue, YCAMA, (2013) 6. PABOTHO-TEXHUYKO BOCMUTAHUE + Cywimuna, 3H#a4erbe U UCmopucKO-meopemcku ocHosU Pa6otata oTcekoraw npeTcTaByBana erancTeHumjanes chakTop 3a oncTaHoK Ha YOBeEKOT M HerOBO ogsojysatbe 08 >KUBOTMHCKMOT cBeT. He cny4ajHo ce Benv eka padotaTa fo cosgana 4YOBeKOT M npeTcTaByBa OcHOBa 3a HeErOBMOT cps4Kit Ht ayxoseH paseoj. Mpexy paGotata yoseKor rm ycoBpulysan cpeacrsata 3a npowssocTeo, cosjasan maTepujanhn Mi AyxoBH Ao6pa, ce pasBuBan v ycospluysan camuoT cebe. Pa6oTHoTO BocnuTaHve NpeTcTasysa UHTerpameH cocraset nen of passojot Ha nuunocta. Osa socnutHo noapayi® npetcTasysa nnatcKu, cucTemaTcKn uM YenucxogHO oprannsupat npouec 3a paseoj Ha pa6oTHaTa Kyntypa Kaj mnaguTe. Pa6oTHor? BocnuTaHue nomara noyenocHo pa ce ccpaTn mefyoeonar® noBp3aHocT Ha YOBEKOBMOT TpyA Co ONcTaHoKOT Ha ONLITeCTBOT>- Bo npso6uTHata saequuya pabotata u pocnuTaHneT? HeoABONBN eAHO Of Apyro. BocnutaHneto ce ocTsapy84 i HenocpeAHOTO yYeCTBO BO paGoTaTa u ceKojAHeBHMOT 180 128 Seanned with Camscanner | | 'PaGoraa W BocnuTaHneTo . ea ce peono Noapaann , tHe BeywHocT ce Bo po6osnagertenckoto SnuiTectao, co nonenéa: a yMcTBeH (HaMeHeT 3a BNaQeAYKaTa Ky, ot Sr sa noTauverata), ce ppiyy Tinaneae re a Ha ‘03M. negarosuTe ~=XymMaHucTu stare ars My b ce ganaraaT 3a HaQMUHyBaKe Ha Octpata nogenGa mefy waTenekTyanHMoT MW cbusHuKHoT Tpyp, - OHOCHO ckaxkysaaT Oapatba 3a MHTerpalivja Ha yMcTBeHOTO co paboTHoTo BocnuTaHHe. Mako yTonMcTM4kn M He 3acHoBakn Ha peankn npetnoctasKn, TaxsuTe Gapatba NpeTcrasysaart sHayaen YeKop Hanpen BO opHOC Ha paObOTHOTO BOCNMTAHMe BO Toa Bpeme. Tonemuot negaror Komexcku ykaxysa Ha BocnuTHaTa ynora Ha paOotata, a Lon Jlok 360pysa 3a notpe6ata Kaj euata on Manu Hose fa Ce pasBuBa UHTepec uM sby6o8 KOH paoratTa. SanaratheTo Ha Pyco 3a efMHCTBO Mefy yMCTBEHOTO M paOoTHoTo BocnuTaHne e AocTa NporpecuBHo Gapatbe BO OAHOC Ha npeTxopHuoT nepvo. Op ceojot jykak Emun, Pyco 6apa Aa pa6ot kako cenaHeu, a Aa mucnu Kako cpunosoc. YcornacysatbeTo Ha cbusuukuTe n yMcTBeHMTe BexKON Tpeba Taka Aa ce OABMBA, WTO eauute Ha Apyrnte ke um cnykaT 3a opMop, nopatyBa Pyco. Cekoj yopek cnopeg Pyco uma noTpeba OA Msy4yBalbe Ha HeKo) sanaeT, OpHOCHO obyY¥yBalke 3a paGoTa, BO CNPOTMBHO, era) pane, TpafaHul e Kpagel - cMeTa Pyco. ( Monosa-Kockaposa:201 i) same Nectanoum a6opysa 3a cknagHo M xapMoHM4HO AejcTBY! yu paGotHoTo BocnuTaHue. Bo Ha yMcTBeHOTO, MOpasHOTO ' Tlecranoyy, paboTHoTo socnuTanne NegarowKkata KoHYenumja Ha . 3agema mHory 3Ha4ajHO MeCTO. Gata | Couyjan-yronucrot P.OBeH es ipo : noapaysatse Ha mHTeneKTyanHOTO co padoTHoTO 129 Seanned with CamscannerTepmaxckvot negaror Kepwenwuraj PaGotHa wikona, sacHoBaHa Bp3 uni Yuunuuiteto ro cmeta 3a MecTo Bo pa6ota Ha yyeHuuTe. Wl. Ajyn Bo cpojata nparmatnuKa Wkona PasHOBMAHM aKTMBHOCTH 3a AeuaTa, og TunoT: une Ma Mofennpalbe, UipTatbe, padbota Bo rpaguna, Bo Kyi va oes, OBNe AKTMBHOCTH CnopeA mucnetbeTo Ha Liyn moxat hal pia ey uspas sbyOonvTHOcTa, VcTparkyBauKMoT yx, Teopeunen CnMuHo. Tonemnot Pycku negaror Makapenko ceojara Rone KoHYenuyja ja sacHoBpa Ha cdbakatbeto gexka opraniaypaye? pa6oTHo BocnuTaHve MoxKe 4a uMa ronemo BocnuTHo havens, Aa NpetcTaByBa YCNELWHO BOCNMTHO CpegcTBo 3a MPEBOCNUTyBaIKe Ha MNaguoT 4OBeK. Gonro Bpeme pa6oTHoTo BocnuTaHve uM Ha Haute Apoctopy, wmano npeTerxkHoO AeknapaTMBHo sHavelbe Mi Taka Guno noctasero, Heonpasgano ce Aeneno Ha O6pa3s0BHu uM BOCNUTHH enemeHTH, nox lito o6pasoBHuTe ce cmeTane feka npunafaatT Bo pamknte Ha WHTENeKTYANHOTO BOCNUTAaHve, a BOCNMTHMTE Ce megane kako per Of mMopanHoTo BocnuTaHue. MpousBoAHo-TexHMuKaTa HacTaea koja 6ewe BoBegeHa BO 90-Te rOAMHU Ha MUHATMOT BeK BO HaLUMTe yunnuuta, Oewe HeageKBaTHO NocTaBeHa MU peanusupaka nopagn HejavHaTa WucTa TeopeTcKa computa Koja MHOry YecTO Gewe camo mexaHuuKy ycBojysaHa u orpaHnueHa Ha HeKaKBO on Teopetcko "6yOatbe". Kako TakBa, Taa gonro Bpeme BO HaWuTe cpegHu yuunuuita ocTaHa Ha MapruHute Ha cBOjaTa BMCTHHCKa cbyHKyyja . Mefytoa, “ noxpaj uspaseHute cna6ocTm Bo nomen : opraHvzauyjata Mw noctaBeHocta Ha nponsBofqHo-TeXwsee HacTaBa, He ce Hamanysa ynoraTa uv 3HayelbeTO Ha Oe TEXHMYKOTO BOCNMTAHHe, Of, NPUYWKHA LTO OBA BOCNMTHO nopp! npwgovecyBa 3a NOCyWITMHCKO uM noco”p»xKajHO NOBPS) YYUNULWTETO CO ONLUTECTBeHaTa CpeguHa, OfHOCHO Ha co MpaktuKata. HED ranw Ko, ae CTO matyeney KOe Ke pom, Dag Mpa Pain ra yaaive reopvia”? 130 Seanned with Camscanner6.1. 3anann Ha paGotHo-TexHu4koTo BocnnTaHne OcHoBHuTe 3aqa4n Ha paGotHo-TexHnuKoTo socnuTaHve mowat fa ce nopenat Ha’ o6pasoenu, eocnumnu u pexpeamucHu sadauu. Bo pamknte Ha o6pazoenume sayayn ce s6pojyBaaT cneAnMBe AKTMBHOCTH: Yesojysatbe Ha odpedenu sHaetba Of nogpaujeTo Ha TeXHMMKUTe Hayky, Kon cnafaaT BO AOMeHOT Ha QcHOBHOTO TEXHMNKO OGpasoBaHve, Kako WM sanosHaBalbe CO OCHOBHUTe pean Ha NpovsBof{cTBOTO, OfHOCHO CoBpemMeHaTa opraknsauja Ha pa6oTa, Kako M npimeHa Ha XMrMeHCKO-TEXHM4KA mepkn 3a 3aluTuTa Np paGota. Bo pamknte Ha opaa sana4a HeonxonHo e WM cbopMupalbe Ha odpedenu ymeerba U HasuKU, (OQHOCHO BeLUTMHM KAKO LUTO Ce: pakyBalbe co efHOCTaBHY anatKu, TenmuKn npvOop, anapatu, ypeny, pa6ota BO naGopatopyja, WwKoncKa padoTMNHMya 1 CnM4HO Kako M4 ocnoco6ysalbe 3a 4UTarbe Ha wemv, CKMuY, TeXHM4KN LIpTexy 1 Apyro. Moxpaj Toa, oBaa sagaua ondaka nu paseuealbe Ha odpedenu cnocobHocmu 3a: KOHCTpyMpalbe, MHBEHTUBHOCT, meyOonuTHocTt HaOsbyAyBalbe, TeXHUYKO mucnetbe, TEXHUYKO upTatbe, npaBunHo OpraHusupatbe Ha paOoTHOTO MeCTO M ApyTo. Bocnumnume 3adayu mpetnocrasyeaat paseuealbe Ha pabomHa wu mexHuuKa kysimypa Kaj yyeHuuuTe W rpagetbe Ha No3sMTMBeH OAHOC KOH pa6otata KaKO enemMeHTapHO cpegctBo 3a ersucteHuwja Ha YOBeKOT. )KuBoToT BO MHcpopMaTMYKOTO onwrectso HeMMHoBHMO NpeTnocTaByBa notpeda Of, pasBuBatbe Ha pa6otHa Ky/Typa Koja nogpas6upa onuura TexHuuKa M uncpopmatnuka — kysTYPa Kaj mnagata nonynauyja. OrTTyka, HeMMHOBHO e vi HeryBalbe MM pazeuearbe Ha mopanHu ocoOUHU Ha suuHocta, a npeg ce, pa6oTHa OproBopHOcT, pa6oTHa AucuMnnuKa, vctpajHocT, YMOpHOCT, KoonepatuHoct, cTpemMex KOH yCOBpWuyBalbe VM COBPWEHCTBO: Ceto Toa npufoxecyBa 3a passvgabe Ha nosMTMBHn UpT Ha muuHocta “ KapakTepoT, NounTypae Ha cekoj YeceH tpya, Kako HeMMHOBHOCTa. Of NoBpsyBatbe Ha ymcTBeHnoT co cpusv4KvoT Tpya. Pa3BuBalbeTO Ha 0 sepulyBarbe Ha MCTATA, Tey6oB KOH paooTaTa, gocnepH' 131 Seanned with CamscannerERS ganosoncrBoTo of msBpweHaTa pa6oTa, AoBeAyeaar s6oraTyBalbe Ha EMOL|MOHANHNOT >KMBOT Ha SIMYHOCTA M PasByBaise Ha NO3MTMBHY EMO KOW onnemeHysaaT “ o6naropopysaar. Pexpeamuenume 3adayu vimaaT 3a eM PaseuBaibe pq SbyOOB M MHTepec BO cnoGopHoTo Bpeme MM4HOCTAa Aa ce 6aBn co AKTMBHOCTM Of, pabOTHO-TeEXHUYKU kapaxtep. Jlenesata Ha tye AKTMBHOCTM e focTa ronema wv HMB TM OBO3MOXKYBaAaT AOMOBUTe Ha HapogHa TeXxHMKa, Kako M yuunuwHuTe = CeKYMM 10 oTn, uvicbopmatuka m cnn4Ho. Bo cno6oAHOTO Bpeme YYEHMUMTe MO>kaT fa ce 3aHvmaBaaT CO: cbotoamatepcTso, Mofenapcrso, enektpoTexHnka, mHcpopmatuka, uapa6otysalbe Ha pasHoBugHn npeametn maKeTu of ApBO M apy paGoTu. SagoBoncrsoro on ycnewHo u3BefeHuTe akTMBHOCTM MM wspa6oTeHn npegMeTn e Tonemo, a sHaerbaTa, ce cTeKHyBaaT p30 M NeCHO, a NpHToa ce paseusaat oppefeHu HaBuKn M yMeelba. Noxpaj Toa, kaj Aeyata ce Ppaseusa HaBnka 3a chyHKyMOHANHO Kopuctethe Ha cnobopHoTo Bpeme npeky akTMBeH ofmop, OfHOCHO CO AKTMBHOCTM KOM ce OmMneHY UV NpuBNedHM 3a Aeuata, a BO VCTO Bpeme M KOPMCHM Of pa6oTHo- TexHU4KH acnekT. Bo BucoKo pa3zBueHuTe 3eMjM BO CBETOT, paGoTHO-TexHU4Ko obpasosaHne ce peanusupa npeky HacTaBHMOT NpeAMeT payxa pa6ota (handcraft) wo Kako npegmet e MHOTy commneH Kaj yyenuyute. Taka Ha mp. 60 Weencka, Ha yyeHnyuTe Ha pacnonaratbe 4m cTojaT pa6oTunkuya 3a uspaGoTka Ha npeAMeTH Of Apso v MeTan, wnw nak WueanHa (CO MaWMHM 3a Where now Haggop Ha MHCTpyKTop ) Koja Boo6uyaeHo HajMHory ja us6upaat Aesojuvibata, (HO Hema HiKakoB npoOnem AoKoNKy ce onpenenat fa wujat 4 momuniba, Gupejkm NonoBa HEeAHAKBOCT TyKa peuncn & HenosHata), Kafe ceKoj WMa MOxKHOCT Aa cTeKHe BeLUTMHA Ha wuelbe Of, pasH4 MaTepyjanu paGoTu no concTBeHa menba nv wxTepec, Toa ce YaCOBM 3a penakcaluja , HO BO MCTO speme ToekHyBalbe KOMNeTeH\MM ( sHelbea, BeWTMHY vu rpapelbe H8 Bpeguoctu) of paOoTHoO-TexHu4KkoTO BoncuTaHne.CeKakO, OBMe AKTMBHOCTH NoApasOupaat NpeyNsHOCT, OAFOBOPHO paxysaree co anaror unn co MaluMHaTa, ucTpajHocT fa ce u3spaboTH HeLTO, Ho M cpeka Of foTOBMOT npovsB0R Koj e nnog Ha percxata ¢chantasuja, xen6a vi uHTepec. 132 Seanned with Camscanner