ROCK DRILLING

Prof. Jacopo Seccatore 1

ROCK DRILLING

• Cutting the rock

• Removing rock chips
(drilling detritus) from the
hole
 ROCK DRILLING ROTATION

PERCUSSION

ROTARY-PERCUSSIVE
(IF YOU DON’T TWIST IT YOU NAIL IT)
ROTATION COMPRESSION
ROCK DRILLING
ROCK DRILLING
TOP HAMMER
DTH HAMMERS
COPROD
ROTARY DRILLING
 Rotary tricone bits do not drill by “crushing” rock.
Instead, they actually drill by a mechanism
called “spalling”.

If a force is applied to an “indenter” in contact

with a rock
surface, stress fields are set up under that
indenter. As the loading force on the indenter is
increased, the stress fields extend outward and
downward from the point of contact and
loading. The applied load creates fractures
(cracks) that propogate along the stress field
vectors, seeking a “free surface”. When these
stress vectors find the free surface, the crack is
completed, and the rock above the stress
vector breaks free. A rock “chip” or “cutting” is
created, and must now be removed.

Because tricone bits apply this force to several

inserts simultaneously on each cone, the cones
must constantly be rotated to new “indenting”
positions in order to advance the hole.
Tungsten Carbide Insert bits fall into
five IADC classes:
• 4-1 to 4-4 - very soft to soft
• 5-1 to 5-4 - soft to medium
• 6-1 to 6-4 - medium to medium hard
• 7-1 to 7-4 - hard to very hard
• 8-1 to 8-4 - very hard to extremely
hard
DRILLING DEVIATION
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NORWAY, JUNE 2018

DRILLING DEVIATION

NORWAY, JUNE 2018

DRILLING DEVIATION

NORWAY, JUNE 2018

DRILLING DEVIATION

NORWAY, JUNE 2018

DRILLING DEVIATION

NORWAY, JUNE 2018

DRILLING DEVIATION

NORWAY, JUNE 2018

DRILLING DEVIATION

NORWAY, JUNE 2018

MODERN DRILLING