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GENERAL SURGERY
HERNIA JHR Becker
DEFINITION
Figure 9 Sepsis
FEMORAL HERNIA
EPIGASTRIC HERNIA
UMBILICAL HERNIA
This is usually a small defect in the
The umbilicus is the area in the foetus linea alba (the size of an adult
where the umbilical cord attaches to fingernail), with extraperitoneal fat
the abdominal wall. After birth, the herniating through the opening and
cord remnant mummifies and falls off, causing pain when the rectus muscles
and the abdominal wall skin attaches are tensed.
to the fascia of the linea alba. The skin
of the umbilicus has no subcutaneous Clinically it feels like a painful “marble”
fat — when patients acquire excess in the middle of the epigastrium. lt will
fat, the umbilicus only gets deeper. not go away spontaneously and needs
to be repaired.
The umbilical orifice is a potential
weak spot in the linea alba, which may
give rise to an umbilical hernia.
SPECIALISED HERNIA
Bochdalek