UNITOR FUEL

HOMOGENISER SYSTEMS
Trust us to protect you, your people and the environment
FUEL EFFICIENCY AND
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
International legislation to reduce emissions to
air from marine engines using fuels such as Heavy
Fuel Oil and Marine Diesel Oil is continually being
introduced. Legislation that dramatically restrict
emission levels of SOX, NOX and particulate matter
presents new technical challenges and requires
new technical solutions.
To improve engine performance and fuel
efficiency, billions of dollars have been spent on
improving the design of ship engines and ship
hulls over the years. To further improve engine
performance, the fuel itself needs to be optimised.
Through recent advances in technology homogenisa-
tion, a mechanical process for treating fuel is now a
safe and reliable means to get optimum performance
from the fuel.
Improving the functionality of fuel oils achieves
improvements in both fuel efficiency and reductions
in emissions to air.
The Unitor Fuel Homogeniser product line provides a
solution to these challenges.
1 2
A win-win solution
Vessels using Heavy Fuel Oil typically produce 2.0–
2.3% of daily fuel consumption as sludge, which
they must then dispose of. Our fuel homogenising
solutions reduce sludge up to 80%, and give up to
2% better fuel efficiency. Homogenised fuel has
a cleaner burn, and thereby reduces particulate
matter. With the Unitor Fuel Homogeniser Injector,
NOX can also be reduced up to 20%.
By using the Unitor Fuel Homogeniser Systems ship
owners will improve fuel efficiency, save money on
Solution benefits
fuel and waste handling and reducing their environ-
mental impact. A win-win solution for both operating The compact, frame-mounted design allows an
cost and the environment.
easy installation. The system gives a significant
reduced load on separators and filters. The system
increase performance of engines and boilers, and
Results achieved is applicable to all types of fossil and bio fuels, with
no restricted areas of use.
The results achieved from the system will
depend on where in the fuel line it is deployed.
In summary: Reduced waste and
• UFH Reducer placed before fuel oil
separator, can reduce fuel oil sludge up
emissions to air
to 80% By using the Unitor Fuel Homogeniser Systems,
several environmental effects are achieved. Sludge
• UFH Improver installed before viscometer,
is reduced up to 80%, waste oil is recycled, visible
optimises fuel for combustion
exhaust particulates are reduced by up to 90% and
• UFH Injector placed before mix tank has
NOX reduction of up to 20% is achieved.
the above results, plus it creates water
in fuel emulsion to reduce NOX
• UFH Recycler deployed before boiler/ Maximised returns
incinerator optimises dewatered sludge Operational costs are minimised by avoiding
and waste oil to reduce need for feed sludge production in the first place and through
stock fuel efficiency gains of up to 2%. These savings
According to independent lab tests, the UFH in operating costs contribute to a short return on
range has no effect on catfines, a common investment.
problem among other designs.
UNITOR FUEL
HOMOGENISER SYSTEMS

The treatment process

The Unitor Fuel Homogeniser uses cavitation and
high shear forces to optimise fuels by reducing fuel
droplets to a uniform small size (approx. 3 µm) to
give a well balanced fuel with a high surface area.
Uniform fuel droplets lead to a reduction in the
amount of fuel sludge produced. The increased
surface area results in better combustion and less
combustion waste products like particulate matters.
All organic material will be reduced while catfines
and solids, which contribute to abrasive wear,
will pass through the Unitor Fuel Homogeniser
untouched. The effectiveness of the purifier at
removing these catfines and solids is not affected.
This represents a tremendous technical advance
over other homogeniser designs.

After

Before

Figure 1.1 Shown above on the left and right are magnifi ed images of
HFO before and after homogenising. The homogeniser with its rotor
& stator assembly is shown in the centre. Before homogenising the
fuel droplets are large and there are many asphaltenes (the black
particles). Asphaltenes, despite having good fuel value, are nor-
mally discared on account of their size. After homogenising the fuel
droplets are of an uniform, small size and the asphaltenes have been
reduced.

The principles of homogenisation

Both HFO and MDO can be seen to consist of 3. Better carburetion
droplets when magnified. These droplets can be 4. Improved combustion quality
a range of sizes up to approx 70µm. 5. Engine efficiency improves
Smaller fuel droplets produce a sequence of 6. Engine waste products reduced
benefits:
During homogenisation in a UFH a fuel droplet
1. Better the distribution of the fuel vapour in the of 70µm diameter will be divided into more than
cylinder 12,000 smaller droplets, thereby achieving a 23
2. More contact with oxygen fold increase in surface area.

3
 UNITOR FUEL
HOMOGENISER SYSTEMS

UFH Reducer UFH Improver UFH Injector

Reducer
Standard
configuration
The standard confi guration of
three of the four Unitor Fuel
Homogeniser Systems are
shown to the right. For infor-
mation on the full range, visit
our web page.
Disposal of sludge from the purification of Heavy
Fuel Oil is a hassle and an operational cost for
vessels. The legal options are to land it or incinerate
it onboard.
Analysis of sludge typically shows a high proportion
of asphaltenes, which are tar-like particles. They
have good calorific values and can be used as fuel,
however because of their large size they tend to be
discarded by the fuel purifiers. The UFH Reducer
offers a true win-win solution in that by reducing
the size of asphaltenes they can pass trough the
fuel purifier and be used for benefit as fuel instead
of being disposed of as sludge at a cost. The UFH
Reducer can reduce HFO sludge generation by up
to 80%.
Unlike earlier homogenisers the UFH Reducer does
not affect the size of catfines, a fact that has been
demonstrated by independent laboratory analysis.
This means that catfines pass through the UFH
Reducer untouched and will be removed by the fuel
purifiers as intended.
The UFH Reducer actually reduces sludge in two
ways because by reducing the amount of work the
fuel purifiers have to do, it means that they do not
need to perform back flushing cycles as often. Each
cycle produces a volume of sludge so by cutting
the number of cycles from e.g. 24 to 6 per day a
major sludge reduction is achieved, as shown by the
results from a test onboard MV Schieborg.
Engine manufacturers have made huge efforts to
improve engine efficiency by refining their designs.
However, this does not mean the fuel itself is being
optimised. To reach the best overall efficiency both
engine design and the fuel functionality must be
optimised. This explains why even modern engines
tend to produce visible exhaust emissions – an
indication of incomplete combustion.
Fuel consists of fuel droplets of a range of sizes.
The process of homogenisation produces fuel
droplets of a uniformed small size. As can be seen in
figure 1.1, this gives the fuel a greater surface area.
Smaller droplets mean better atomisation and better
contact with oxygen with the overall result that
combustion and therefore efficiency improve.
The UFH Improver will ensure optimum fuel func-
tionality under all operational conditions which can
result in a up to 0.8% improvement in efficiency and
a reduction in exhaust particulate of up to 90%. The
direct cost saving of this is obvious, but a cleaner
burning engine will also have reduced layer build-up
on parts and therefore can have longer mainte-
nance intervals.
Improver
The 2008 amendments to Marpol Annex VI intro-
duced Tier I NOx requirements for existing pre-2000
engines and Tier II and III NO x emission standards
for new engines. It also set the basis for Emission
Control Areas (ECAs), a concept which will receive
a major boost shortly when the proposed ECA for
the US and Canada comes into effect. These regu-
lations are among the most important challenges
the shipping industry is facing.
The UFH Injector is a state of the art solution based
on the formation of a stable water in fuel emulsion
and is the easiest way to achieve a significant NO x
reduction. NO x reduction of up to 20% is achieved
and visible exhaust emissions are reduced by up
to 90%.
SERVICE INJECTOR BYPASS,
TANK SCREW DOWN VALVE
The UFH Injector is installed before the mix/buffer
tank to avoid continuous adding of water when the
fuel is being circulated in the booster system. The
water injection automatically adjusts to match the
fuel flow and the system can be installed on all
kinds of diesel engine systems from those with slow
speed 2-strokes to high speed 4-stroke engines.
The NO x reduction made possible by the UFH
Injector comes with a slight gain in fuel efficiency
and it makes it possible for a Tier I designed engine
to meet Tier II requirements. As such it is a very
good solution for retrofit of pre-2000 engines to Injector
meet Tier I requirements.
On board ships with a SCR system, the UFH Injector
is complementary because it can reduce the size of
the SCR needed, reduce the urea consumption by
up to 20% and increase the SCR lifetime.

PUMP FLOW INJECTOR INLET IMPROVER MIX/

METER VALVE, SCREW
M/G
OUT LET
DOWN VALVE
BUFFER ENGINE
VALVE,
SCREW TANK
DOWN
NON VISCO-SENSOR FINE
RETURN FILTER
UFH FRESH WATER VALVE
REDUCER UFH
UFH FILTERS BOOSTER HEATERS
INJECTOR
INJECTOR PUMPS

UFH
IMPROVER
Technical data
MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL
UFH model Capacity Fuel type Fuel type Min/Max Max Connection UFH model Control voltage kW at Amp max / running kW at Amp max / running Protection class
(max. fl owrate) l/h Reducer Improver/Injector temperature working pressure dimensions (max. fl owrate) VAC (400 V, 50 Hz) (400 V, 50 Hz) (460 V, 60 Hz) (460 V, 60 Hz)
015 1500 HFO MGO to IF 700 90°C / 150°C 12 bar 1 ¼” 015 230 4 10/5.5 4.8 10.5/5.8 IP 54
045 4500 HFO MGO to IF 700 90°C / 150°C 12 bar 2 ½” 045 230 7.5 19/11.0 9 19.6/10.9 IP 54
090 9000 HFO MGO to IF 700 90°C / 150°C 12 bar 2 ½” 090 230 11 27.5/15.3 13.2 28.7/15.9 IP 54
120 12000 HFO MGO to IF 700 90°C / 150°C 12 bar 2 ½” 120 230 11 27.5/15.3 13.2 28.7/15.9 IP 54
300 30000 HFO MGO to IF 700 90°C / 150°C 12 bar 4” 300 230 22 55/30.5 26.4 57.4/31.9 IP 54

Technology provided by
IPCO Power B.V.

4 5 6
www.wilhelmsen.com/shipsequipment
What is Wilhelmsen
Ships Equipment?
Wilhelmsen Ships Equipment offers fully engineered
safety, environmental and insulation solutions for
the newbuilds and retrofits in the maritime and
offshore markets. The company’s main capabilities
are design, production, installation (on request)
and commissioning.
Annually, Wilhelmsen Ships Equipment delivers
over 1500 systems from sales locations around the
world. Today, our solutions and equipment are used
by roughly a quarter of the world’s merchant fleet.
Our safety solutions contain complete systems for
smoke and fire detection, fire-fighting for closed
rooms and open spaces, and nitrogen inert gas
systems, as well as loose safety equipment.
We have a solutions approach to environmental
problems and can provide solutions for emissions
to air, waste management (such as reduction of
waste and oily water), ballast water treatment
and fuel efficiency.
Through our company TI Marine Contracting we
deliver low-temperature insulation of cargo tanks
on gas carriers and terminal piping, as well as fire
and comfort insulation of naval vessels.
We are present in all major shipbuilding countries
and delivers after sales service through our sister
company Wilhelmsen Ships Service with local
expertise worldwide.
Wilhelmsen Ships Equipment
Tel.: +47 67 58 40 00, Fax: +47 67 58 69 01
Email: wse.info@wilhelmsen.com
www.wilhelmsen.com/shipsequipment
For service and spares, contact:
Wilhelmsen Ships Service
Tel.: +47 67 58 45 50, Fax: +47 67 58 45 70
Email: wss.info@wilhelmsen.com
www.wilhelmsen.com/shipsservice
Products
ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS
• Unitor Ballast Water Treatment System
• NOxCare Marine
• Unitor Fuel Homogeniser Systems
• UFH Reducer
• UFH Improver
• UFH Injector
• UFH Recycler
• Unitor Oily Water Pod
SAFETY SOLUTIONS
Unitor Fire Suppression Systems
• CO Fire Extinguishing System
2
• Unitor 1230 Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing System
• High Expansion Foam Fire Extinguishing System
• Local Application Fire Fighting System
• Deep-Fat Cooker Fire Extinguishing System
• Water Mist Fire Extinguishing System
• Fire Detection and Fire Alarm System
• Sample Extraction Smoke Detection System
• Low Expansion Foam Fire Extinguishing System
• Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguishing System
Unitor-Generon Nitrogen Systems
• Nitrogen Membrane Inert Gas System
• Nitrogen Membrane Controlled
and Modified Atmosphere System
• Nitrogen Cylinder System
INSULATION SOLUTIONS
Cryogenic Insulation Land & Marine
• LPG/LNG Tank and Piping
Commercial Marine & Naval Vessels
• Thermal Insulation
230310•No 707035•rev.02
• Acoustic Insulation
• Fire Insulation
LOOSE EQUIPMENT
• Oxygen/Acetylene Fixed Systems
• Fire and Safety Equipment
Part of Wilhelmsen Maritime Services,
a Wilh. Wilhelmsen group company