Assignment

Subject:
Biochistry of hormone-A
Name:
Muhammad Imran
Registreation no:
BSBB2183019
Submitted by:
M IMRAN
Submitted to:
Ms GULSHAN PARVEEN
Introduction
An estrogen test is a way for your doctor to help check on concerns with
puberty, fertility, menopause, and other conditions.
Your doctor may also call these estradiol, estrone (E1), estradiol (E2),
estriol (E3), or estrogenic hormone tests.
Estrogen is the hormone that plays a key role in many aspects of a
woman’s health, such as bone and reproductive health. There are several
forms of estrogen?
If your doctor needs to check to see if you might have a condition caused
by too much or too little of a certain estrogen type, they may recommend
that you take an estrogen test. It’s a simple  blood test, and it can measure
up to three types of this estrogen:

 Estrone, or E1, the main hormone women make after menopause

 Estradiol, or E2, the main hormone women make when they aren’t
pregnant
 Estriol, or E3, a hormone women make more of when they’re
pregnant 

Who Gets an Estrogen Test?

Doctors may recommend testing of estradiol or estrone for symptoms such
as:

 Vaginal bleeding after menopause

 Problems with menstrual cycles
 Infertility
 Menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, night swats and irregular
menstrual periods
If you take hormone therapy to treat symtoms of menopause, your doctor
may give you an E1 or E2 test to see how well treatment is going.
Girls whose sex organs develop earlier or later than normal may also get
tested for E1 and E2 levels.
Doctors usually test E3 during pregnancy, when it temporarily becomes the
main estrogen. Abnormal levels of estriol may be a sign of problems with
the baby’s health -- but you’d get a lot more tests to find out for sure.
You might need several tests to track changes in your estrogen levels over
time.

Estrogen Testing in Men

Men also have estrogen, although their levels are usually lower than they
are in women. Estrogen levels that are too low or too high in men can lead
to health problems.
A man might have an estrogen test to:

 Check if puberty is delayed

 Diagnose enlarged male breasts, a condition with doctors call
gynecomastia
 Find if high estrogen levels are due to low levels of testosterone or
androgen --two key hormones in men
 Find tumors that make estrogen
Procedure
You don’t need to do anything special to prepare for an estrogen test. You
don’t need to stop eating or drinking anything before it as you do with
some types of blood tests. But before the test, you should tell your doctor
about all the medications and supplements you take. It’s especially
important to tell your doctor if you take birth control pills or hormone
therapy, which may affect the test results.
Your doctor can use your urine, saliva, or blood to test your estrogen.
Here’s how these tests are done:
Saliva tests. 
You can often do this test with an at-home kit. Your doctor will explain
which kit to get and how to prepare and collect a sample.
24-hour urine test.
 For this test, your doctor or a lab will give you a container to collect all
your pee for a 24-hour period. Your doctor will explain all the steps for
collection and how to store your samples. Then they will test your samples
at their office or in a lab. 

Blood test. 
During the blood test, your doctor or another health care professional will
take a little blood from a vein in your arm. A lab will then test that blood
sample.

Estrogen Test Results

Estrogen levels that are considered normal or healthy depend on your age
and your gender. For women, pregnancy will also have a big effect on your
estrogen levels. Where you are in your menstrual cycle could also affect the
results.
High or low levels of a specific form of estrogen aren’t enough to diagnosis
of your condition. The test results can help, though, to find the cause of
your symptoms.
High levels of E1 or E2 could mean early puberty in girls or tumors in the
ovaries in girls and women. For boys and men, increased E1 and E2 levels
could signal delayed puberty, tumors in the testicles, and may be the cause
of gynecomastia.
For both men and women, high E1 and E2 levels could mean:

 Hyperthyroidism
 Cirrhosis (liver damage)
  Tumors in the adrenal glands

For pregnant women, high E3 levels could mean labor will occur soon.
Low estrogen levels in women are signs of several conditions, including:

 Low levels of pituitary hormones

 Poorly functioning ovaries
 Failing pregnancy (when estriol levels drop)
 Eating disorder
 Turner syndrome (inherited condition caused by an abnormal or
missing X chromosome