THRU CHUAN VIET NAM TCVN 4449 : 1987 Quy hoach xAy dyng dé thi - Tiéu chun thiét ké Urban planning - Design standards 1. Nguyén tie chung LL. Tieu chudn nay 4p dung dé thiét ké quy hogch xty dung cdc do thi méi, edi tgo eae 6 thi hign c6 cia mrde Cong hda xi hOi chi nghia Viet Nam. Cha thick = 1. BO thi boo gm thanh phé, thi x6, thi trdn : la ofc trung tam tng hop hog trung tm chuyen nginh cite céc hoat dong kink t8, hank chink, hhoa hoe, hi thudt, du lich, nghi ngoi, van és, dich vs cong cong ciia ed nude, eiia mot vig, ciia mot tinh, mot huyén hay mot Khu vue trong fink, trong huyen. 2. Che dim dan ex phi e6 4 dac trung duéi day msi duoe got la dO thi 5 86 dan tir 20,000 ngudi trd len ; Cb dui 40% 35 luong lao déng lam vie trong nganh nong, 1am ngu nghite didi hinh thie (ap thé vif thé ; C6 mang ludi cong trink dich vu cong cong vd co ad Ri thuat ha Lang nhu giao thong, ep thost ithe, edp dien 4 mite do phis hop ; C5 mat do dan 36 vd mat do xay dung cao hon hin mat do dan o6 vd mat do xay dung trang bink ciia uiing san xuét nong nghitp xung quanh, 1.2. DO thi duge phan logi theo quy mo dan sé nhu trong bang 1 Bang 1 Cap | Quy mo dain 96 Logi do thi ‘Tink chat do thi | | "Tren 300.000 De thi rat ton Ha Noi, thanh phO H6 Chi Mink, cae think pho trung tam cOng nghigp, cing yA mot a6 trung tam cia tinh 100.000 ‘Thiah ph6 trong tm cia tinh od obag 6a 300.000 aghidp phét tridn ar | Ti 501000 ‘Thi xt trang tim ela dab ein suf 60 100.000 rong, im nghiép Ia cht yu ; mot 56 thi x8 dae bigt W | Ti 25.000 én Bo hj ahs Gi thi xf, c&e thi phO oghl ngol du du6i 60.000 Tich ;e&e do thi cng nghigp dang trong sisi don m6i hinh thanh V_ | Tir 20.000 den [Thi train ogbl ngot ‘Thi trfin cong nghifp khai théc nOng, dusi 25.000 du lich lam ngut trudng ; thj tr trung tam hhuygn (huyéa Ii) 5 thj train trung tam cia tiéu ving trong huyén uTCVN 4449 : 1987 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, (Ohi thich : D6i v6i ede do thi c6 tinh chat dae bigt vb san xuét cong nghitp, hoat déng khoa hoc, Ai thudt, du lich, nghi dudng Bhi dp dung titu chun nay ¢6 thé ditu chink cho phis hop, nhung héi théa thuén uti Uy ban Xay dung co ban Nha nude. Quy hoach xty dung do thi phii phuc vu dac Ie cho ede nhi¢m vu chién huge, cée muc tigu kinh té x4 hOi cia Dang va Nha nude va phai két hgp chat ché vi quéc phong. Muc tiéu cia thiét ké quy hogch xAy dung 46 thi la nhim té chite mot khong gian lanh thé do thi, tgo ra moi trutng séng cho con ngudi, ting bude thda man nhong nhu cfu trong lao dong, sinh hoat, nghi nggi, gidi trf cda nhan dan. Phuong cham thiét ké quy hoach xay dymg do thj 18 phue vu dée fue cho phat trién cong nghiép, tiéu tha cong nghiép, phuc vy cho cée yeu cdu phat trién khoa hoc, ki thuat, van héa, gido duc, nghi ngoi, gidi tri va cde hoat dong cong eng x4 hoi, bao vo mi trutmg, nang cao ting buée vé diéu kign sng cho nhan dan do thi Quy hoach d6 thi phai phye vu thiét thye cho yeu cdu xay dung true mat déng thai két hgp vdi phét trién lau dai. Phai xty dung t4p trung hgp li, tranh xay dung phan t4n, gay lang phi vé dit dai, vat tu va tién vOn. Phai wu tin, dap ting duge cée you edu xay dung cita khu vuc quéc doanh déng théi quan tam hep li dén khu vue tap thé nihan dan, Phai quan triét phuong cham "Trung wong va dia phuong, Nha nuée va nbén dan cing lam" trong linh vue xAy dung dé thi. Trong viée phat trign sin xudt, gidi quyét nha 6, phai c6 chinh sich khuyén khich va tao diéu kién thugn Igi cho nhan dan dong gop xAy dung nha 6 va ede cong trinh phic lgi cong cong. Khi thiét ké quy hoach xy dung méi va edi tgo mé rong cée do thi hien cé phai chi ¥ day dit cée dae diém tu nhién ; dia hinh dét dai, moi trudag, nguén nude, khi hau, tai nguyén, cdnh quan, nhimg die diém hin trang phat trign kinh té - xd hoi cing nhu nhong dic diém lich st, x4 hoi cla dja phuong dé Iva chon phuong hudng phat trién khong gian, co cdu chute ning va céc gidi phap ki thuat hgp Ii cho dé thi. Uu tien b6 tri cae xf nghi9p cOng nghi9p vao cde do th trung binh va mhé hien c6, 4é via tan dung duge co sd ha téng ki thuat va cde cong trinh phue vu céng cong, vita ting thém tinh chét sin xudt cho cfc do thi d6. Chi ¥ hoan thién eac khu cong nghigp hien c6 1a chi y6u ; chi xay dung cée khu cong nghigp mdi khi cé di diéu kign inh 16, ki thuat. Lap co s3 kinh t6, ki thuat cho dé th 1én, rét lén va dé an quy hoach téng thé cho 0 thi nhd va trung binh phai dya tren phuong hung img dung tién bo khoa hoc - Ki thuat, cde dy kin phat trién kinh té quée dan dai han va ngdn han ea cd ving, t6ng so d6 phan b6 Ive lugng sin xudt va so 46 quy hogeh x4y dung ving lanh thé. Quy hoach xay dmg 40 thi méi hoi edi tao do thi ca déu phai nghién citu cf he théng dan cu c6 quan he mét thiét véi d6 thj do, bao dam cho dé thi phat trién hai ha trong ho thong dan cu, 6 chife t6t mang luéi eo sd ha ting kt thuat, mang luéi trung tm cOng cOng va ¢6 céc gidi phap téng hgp bio ve moi trudng chung cho toan ving, khai théc hgp Ii tai nguyén thién nhién, eo 99 hign trang, 6 an quy hogch chung do thi duge lap theo thdi han tir 15 dén 25 nam. Cn danh dt du trot dé €6 kha nang mé rong dO thi trong tuong Iai va tim ning phyong én 6 c¢ cfu linh hoat cd dong.TCVN 4449 : 1987 ‘Thai hen lap 44 4n quy hoach ngén han tng véi ké hoach du tu xay dung 5 nim va cong trinh chuyén tiép sang 5 nam tiép theo. 19. Tidy chudn dign tich san nha trung binh cho mot ngudi dan img vai céc giai doan lap dé 4n quy hoach do thi fy theo bang 2 Bang 2 ming Giai dogn lap d6 én Tiéu chutin dign tich @ | Tiéu chusin aién tich stn Nain han 6 rr Dai han 8 18 1.10 LAL 112 LIB. 114. 115. 1.16 Chi thick + Dign ich adn mht d Lb tbng dién tich J, din tich khue phus (bép, xi, tém..J, ditn tick dehu oye giao thong di lai Dien tich stn cia mt ngoi nha la téng dign tich san cia cée tang trong nha 6. Khi thiét ké quy hoach xay dymg do thi phai nghién chu cdc gidi php téng hgp bao ve moi truting va ve sinh cho dé thi, lya chon gidi php quy hoach va céc gidi phap ki thuat 48 chéng 6 nhiém moi trudng do cée hoat dong sin xudt va sinh hoat gay ra, dac bidt cha ¥ chéng 6 nhiém cac hoat dong cong nghigp va giao thong co gidi. Khi quy hoach edi tao cde do thi cu phai chi ¥ sp xép Ii ce khu cong nehiep, kho tang, diéu chinh cae khu che nang ca do thi. Phat dinh khu vue én thist dé b6 tri them cong trinh cong cong, cai thién digu kign giao thong va diéu kign vé sinh 46 thi, tao rab mat kién tric méi cho d6 thi, Cén wu tien edi tao dung phé trung tam, cae celta ngé do thi va cde khu nha 6 c0, qué chat choi Khi thiét ké quy hoach do thi phai nghién ctu céc gidi php bao vé va tan tao cc di lich lich sit, di tfch cach mang, cée cOng trinh kién tric 6, eéc cOng trinh vin héa - nghé thuat €6 gid tri, cdc khu rimg quée gia va Ong vin nhim tan dung céc cong trinh dé phue vu cho sinh host van héa va nghi ngoi eta nhan dan dé thi Quy hoach xay dumg 46 thi phai sém tao ra duge bd mat kin tric, 1S chic khong gian do thi, phii duge phdi két nhudn nhuyén véi phong cdnh thién nhién, khai thée trigt dé truyén théng dan toe va ete dae thi cia dja phuong. Khi chon dét dai xay dung d6 thi phai hét sti tiét kim vide sit dung d4t nhét 1a dét canh t4c nong nghiép. Khi quy hoach xay dmg do thi phai so sdnh nhiéu gidi phap, chon gidi phép thich hgp nhim nang cao higu qui vn dau ty, ting nhanh téc do xay dug, tiét kim vat ligu xay dung (xty dung cdc xf nghi@p thanh khu eéng nghiép c6 cong trinh ki thuat ha ting chung, sit dung tang cao hyp It, sit dung ki thuat xay dung hién dai két hop vdi ki thuat ¢6 truyén duge nang cao). Oi vii cée thanh ph6 lén va rét In, cling véi vige lap 4 n quy hoach xay dung do thi, phai nghién edu quy hoach ving ngoai thanh. Noi dung, tinh chét, quy mo, pham vi dét dai iia quy hoach ving ngoai thanh phy thuge vao quy m6, tinh cht, digu kign ti nhién, kink té - xi hoi cia d6 th va quy hoach phat trén kinh t6 - x4 hoi cla toan ving Khi lap dé an quy hoach xAy dymg do thj ngoai tieu chudn nay edn phai tuan theo cée tidu chudn khde hign hanh e6 lion quan.TCVN 4449 : 1987 L17. Céin 4p dung rong rai céc thi6t ké din hinh trong xay dyng 40 thi. 2 21. 22. 2.3. 24. 14 Chon dt xay dung d6 thj va xic dinh din sO 40 thi Chon dat xéy dung d6 thi Khi lua chon dt dai dé xay dung 40 thi phai tuan theo phép enh vé sit dung dt ai, cdc chinh sich hién hah khéc vé dét dai va phai dua trén eg 8 nghién eitu toan dign cae mat sau day : Dénh gia dt dai theo diéu kién tyr nhién (dia hinh, dia mao, dia chat eOng trinh, diéu ign thiy van vv.) ; Kha nang cp nude, nang lugng, giao thong va céc cd sd ki thuat ha ting khée ; Dut béo kha nang xy dumg dé thi cé anh hudng bét loi dén moi trudng hode moi trudng cé anh hudng dén xAy dung 40 thi ; Phan tich, so sénh vige sit dung hgp If dt dai cho xay dung d6 thi véi vide str dung dt dai cho nong, lam nghiep ; Nghien citu kha ning bao ve 46 thi ch6ng lai thien tai va kha nang quée phong. Dat dai duge chon dé xay dug do thi phai c6 nhing diéu kien sau : Dét dai xay dumg bao dam thuan loi hode ft thugn Igi (duge phan logi theo diéu ki¢n ‘ty nhién ghi trong bang 3) ; Dai dign tich ddt xy dung d0 thj trong giai doan quy hoach tir 10 dén 25 nam, ké cd dt du tre; Nguén nude phai e6 di, bio dim vé cd chét lung va kh6i lugng dé cp cho cong nghiép va sinh hoat cia d6 thi trong giai doan quy hoach, ké cd dy phong phat trién ; Dét-dai xay dumg 40 thi khong nim trong pham vi bi 6 nhiém ning (do ehét doe hoa hoe, phéng xa, tiéng én, 6 benh dich truyén nhiém) ; Khong nim trong pham vi nghiém em xdy dumg do Nha nude quy dinh vi nhimg tr do nhut : bio ve tai nguyén, nguén nude, khoang sin, rimg, cnh quan, di tich leh st, quéc phong vy... Dénh gid tng hop dat dai xdy dung dé thi Ban d6 danh gid dét dai téng hgp duige xy dumg tren eo 88 Ban 46 danh gia d&t dai theo diéu kign ty mhien : Dénh gid, phan tich ede yéu t6 da néu trong diéu 2.1. Ban dé phai thé hien duge : Khu dét xay dumg thufn I¢i ; Khu df xay dung ft thuan Igi ; Khu dt xy dung khong thudn Igi ; Khu dat khong duge phép xay dung. ‘Tieu chudn danh gié dét dai theo diéu kign ty nhién nhw trong bang 3TCVN 4449 : 1987 Bang 3 Phan losi mic 40 thuan Igi ¥6a 16 cos Tinh chat digu kign ty | Ta aang Logi I Losi I oo nhien (tThage ted | cit thugn 10 a (hong thuan Igi) Do aée a) Kay dung nha 0 | 704 dén 10% | Dudi 0,4% (wing | Tren 20% (ving dia bink va cong trinh Gi ti 10 dén 30%) } méi trén 30% cong cong b) Xay dung THO4 dén 3% — | Dubi 0,4% (ving } Tron 10% cong nghigp nui td 04 den 10%) Cubng do Kay dyng whi 6|R>L5kGem? [R= 1 don 1,5|R< 1 kGew chju nén cia | cong trink cdng kGiem® dat ®) cong va eng, nghiep Thay van Kay dung nha 0 | Mc nude ngdm | Muc nude ngim | Mve nude ngdim ia chat cong trinh cong | cich mat dit trén | etch mat dat ti | edt mat dat den cong va cong | 1,6m, Nude ngdm {0,5 den —1,5m, | each mat dat 0,5m, nghiop Khong an mon bo | Nude ngdm an | dat sinh ldy, nude tong mon botong. an mon bé tong. ‘Thay van Xay ding bh 6 | Voi la od tin sud | Vol Wi cd tdn sudt | Voi la tin wumt 1% cong trinh cfng | 1% khong bj ngdp | 4%, khong bj ngap | ngap trén Im. Voi Ong vA edng nghiép | Tut Int. Voi 10 6 td | 1d od tin sust 4% sust 1% khong | ngap trén 0,5m gap qua Im Dia chat Xay dung nha | Khu dat khong od | Gs hiea twong cut | Co hign tuong sut cong trinh cong | hign tuong sut 10, | 13 khe vue mhung | 16 hink thanh khe eng va cong’| Khe vue hang dong | cd kha nang xit Ii | vue hang dong, xit nghigp (casta) don gitn phic tap. Khi haw Xay dung nha 6 Ché do nhigt aim | Ché do nhiet tim | Che do ahiet dm, cong trinh cOng | mua, nang, gid | mua, néng gid anh | mua, nang, gid Anh cong va cong | khong bj anh | hudng lon dén sn | hudng lon vA gin nghiop hudng lon dén sin } xuat va sue khée | nhu thang xuyén xust va sic khée | nhung khong | hing nam dén san thubng xuyen xudt va site khde Tink todn dir béo dan cw d6 thi 2.5, Tinh toan dy¢ béo dan eur do thj phai cé tinh chat téng hgp ca vé dinh lugng va dinh tinh ofa dan sé dé tit dé dy béo quy mo dat dai xay dung do thi, 96 Iugng va Kh6i lugng xy dung céc loai cong trinh cong cOng, nha 4, co s8 KI thuat ha tang... theo ‘timg ké hoach ngén han va ké hoach dai han déng théi dy béo duge xu hudng phat trign dan cu va nhimng bién phép cén thiét vé dan cu tai 46 thi do. 26. Duy béo dan ew dé thi nhim xéc dinh sy phat trién dan s6, cho quy hoach dai han va ngfn han bao gém céc phdn vide sau Dy bio quy m6 dan s6 theo quy luat sinh hoe ; Xée dinh s6 dan trong dé tudi lao dong (nguén lao dong tai ch) ;TCVN 4449 : 1987 27. 28. 29. 2.10. Xe dinh s6 dan theo céc nhém tuéi cia nam, nit dya vao quy luat sinh tir méi 46 tudi (he s6 s6ng), ho 86 sinh trong do tudi dé eda phy ni, co efu va thanh phin gia dinh... X4e dinh vén dé di dan tu phat theo cdc thanh phn, nhém tuéi, nam, ni do quy luat tt you trong ving anh hudng cba 46 thi ; Du bao yeu edu vé tng lugng lao dong theo phan bé luc lugng sin xudt va phat trién kin t6 - x4 hi cia 40 thi. Du béo kha nang thia, thiéu lao d6ng trén eo sd so sénh gitta nguén da cé va yeu céu lao dng tai do thi. Dé xudt kha nang tang, gidm co hoc vé din s6 va lao dong, cae bién phép va chinh séch dan cu etia do thi dé. D6i véi cée dé thi ca, cén phat trién mé rong va cdi tao, khi tin hanh tinh ton du béo dan cv, cfin thu thép céc s6 ligu diéu tra, théng ke vé dan cu nh : ed cfu dan s6 theo céc 46 tuéi, nam ni, hé s6 séng, hé s6 sinh cba phu nif trong d@ tudi dé vv... cée 86 ligu vé du tinh you edu lao dong trong 3 khu vuc kinh t6, ti 1@ lao dong cia 3 thanh phdn kinh t6 trong thdi ki qué d6 cia Viet Nam, ti lé (hoac s6 lao dong) trong va ngoai pham vi quan If cia do thi va thanh phdn dan s6 16 thude. ‘Tinh todn dy béo dan cu do thi cén tién hanh theo cde bude sau day : Bude 1: Dit béo quy mo dan s6 do thi va si phat trién cia dan cx t6i nim edn tinh cho quy hoach dai han va quy hoach xfy dyng dgt ddu theo quy luat sinh dé ty nhién, c6 sy téc dong cia ké hoach héa gia dink. Tinh toan theo phuong phép "phwong phép chuyén tu6i" hay cdn goi la "Phugng phép thanh phdn” (thay thé cho céng thie cd N = N, (1 +a) xem phy luc 1. Bude 2: Du béo quy luat vé su chuyén dong dan eu ty phét va énh hung cia né t6i dan s6 dé thj. Xe dinh hién tugng va dy bao sai ngach dao d6ng di dan ty nhién eta d6 thi véi ede ving anh hudng eda né (trong chim do thj trong ving tinh, ving phe hgp sin xudt hoe c& quéc gia) xem phy lyc 1. Bude 3 : Tinh toan dy béo dan s6 46 thi theo quy luat phan b6 Ive lugng sin xuét va nhu edu lao dong a8 phat trign kinh t6 - x8 hoi do thi theo phuong phap "Téng lugng lao d6ng” xem phy Ine L. Bude 4: Dy béo xu hung phat trién gitta nguén da cé va yeu cdu vé site lao dong va nhimg bien phap gidi quyét eéc mau thufn, dé xuét cde chinh sich vé dan cu dO thj, D6i vdi cae 46 thi xay dyng trén khu vue mdi (do phat trién cong nghiép) hode d6i v6i céc dé thi nhé dudi 50.000 dan khong c6 chite nang dic biét, 6 thé tinh toan theo phuong phép cAn bang lao d6ng cdi tin. Xem phy luc 1. Phin khu chite nang xdy dung trong 46 thi DAt xay dung d0 thi duge phan theo chic ning sit dung nhu sau : a) Dét cong nghigp va kho tang bao gém : dét dai cia céc x{ nghi¢p cong nghiep, kho tang trong do thi (ké cd dét giao thong dudng sit, bo va dét dé xay dung céc cdng trinh ki thuat, cOng trinh phuc vu céng cOng 6 ngay trong khu c6ng nghiép, kho tang 46). b) Dét khu dan dung bao gém :2.12, 2.13, 214. TCVN 4449 : 1987 Dt cde khu 8 ; Dét cong trinh eOng cong (khong ké At cOng trinh cOng cng cia riéng khu &) ; Dit cay xanh cong cong (khong ké d4t cay xanh ca khu) ; DAt duéng ph6 va quang trudng trong khu dan dung. ©) D&t eée eo quan hanh chinh, kinh t6, van héa, y t6, khoa hoc - ki thugt khong phy thude do thi va dat céc trudng hoc, trang trung hgc chuyén nghiep. d) Dt xay dung cée cong trinh giao thong d6i ngoai bao gém : dat xiy dung duéng sft va nba ga, dudng va bén 6 t6 d6i ngoai, cing dudng thiy va stn bay. e) Dit ede cong trinh ki thuat déu méi, cée cong trinh xi If ve sinh, nghia dia, dt wun udm, aét ede dai cay xanh (cay xanh céch li, cay xanh phong ho, ving xung. quanh 46 thi v.v..). 8) Cfic loai d4t khée bao gém : dt ding cho quan su, dét khong thé sit dung dé xay dug (nui cao, d&t lay thut, dét bi xdi 18, dét trust...) h) Dét dy phong phat trign eta do thi. Chi thich : © nhang noi e6 dia hink phite tap, Khi phan khu chitc nang nén dua vio rank gidi tu nhign nhu sdng, ngoi, nui cao, thung ling hode cde tuyén dudng st, dicing 6 tb lin dé phan Khu cho hop ti Phan khu chic nang d6 thi phai bao dim thudn tign cho viée di lai gitta khu 4 dén cae khu lam vige, cde khu phuc vu cong cOng, céc khu nghi ngai gidi tri trong do thi. Can tan dung triet dé dia hinh thién nhién dé té chic céc ddu méi giao thong khée 49 cao, it phai ding nhing bin phap tn kém. Cac xi nghiép cong nghiép, cdc cum cong nghiép tay theo cép doc hai ma bé tri 6 ving ngoai 46 thj canh khu dan cu ho&c & ngay trong khu dan cu, nhung phai bé tri ching 3 cudi hudng gié chinh, cu6i céc dong song, subi so vdi khu dan ext va phai c6 céc dai cay xanh cach li di rong, bdo dim yeu cdu bao ve moi tring do thi, bao dm tigu chudn vé sinh cho phép. Ohi thich : 1. Mot s6 xi nghitp 6 cong sudt nhé, sin phdm gon, nhe, khong thai cdc chat doe hai, khong ey an, Rhdi lwong van chuyén vdo, ra ft ¢6 thé b6 tri ngay trong Khu dan dung. 2. 0 ede do thi ea da 6 nhitu x nghitp trong Khu dan cut, Rhi RAE phuc, edt tgo thy mite do doc hai mis de xudt cdc bien php gidi quyt thich hop (hodc han ché su phat trién md rong xi rnghiep, cdi tg0 trang thiet bi, zit Hl chét thai, ta0 eb dai ey xanh c&ch li moi, hode di chuyea nh& may di noi Rhée thick hop hon...) Khu dan cu phai bé tri 8 ddu hudng gid mét va 6 déu dong chay so véi khu cong nghip, kho tang. Trong khu dan cur edn chon céc khu dét t6t, €6 cuding dé chiu nén cao dé c6 kha nang xy dung cdc loai nha nhiéu tang, da t6n dét. Cac khu dét 6 cudng d9 chju nén kém nen xy dumg cée loai nha it tang hoac loai nha chia 10 ¢6 vain. Nghien ettu eg edu quy hogch dé thj va b6 tri kién tric trong dé thi phai cha ¥ dén digu ign khi hgu dia phuong, dim bdo cho do thi thoang mat, déng thai phai Igi dung trigt 48 phong cdnh thién nhién, dia hinh, tao dude bé cuc khong gian dep trong 6 thi va hai hoa vdi thién nhién. "7TCVN 4449 : 1987 2.15. 2.16. 217. © nhing ving ¢6 gio néng (gié Lao) va nhimg ving khi hau dée bidt, edn khai thée ning kinh nghiém dan gian dé bé tri nha cho pha hgp, bdo dim cho ngudi @ it bi anh hudng xu eta théi tiét, khf hau, Kho tang cia d6 thj (Icho ep 1) cn b6 tf ngoai pham vi khu dan dung, gan céc khu cong nghiép, ga xe lita, bén cdng va cdc déu méi giao thong dudng bd. Nén bé tri thanh cum ¢6 phan loai dé tien cho vige van chuyén, b6e x6p va béo quan hang héa. Cae khu chtte nang phai duge lién he thugn ti¢n voi nhau bang he théng giao thong hgp i. He théng giao théng nay edn phan loai dé phén biét dudng van chuyén phuc vy cong nghiép, kho tang, bén bai, dutng giao thong di ngoai voi he théng dung giao thong nOi bd trong dé thi ; bio dim phyc vy sin xuét, sinh hoat cia ngudi dan 46 thj duge an toan, thuén tién va nhanh chéng. Can déi dét dai xay dumg do thi trong timg giai doan quy hoach xem mu 8 phu lye 86 2 cla tieu chudn nay. 3. Quy hoach khu cong nghiép va kho tang cong cong 31 32. 33. 18 Quy hoach khu céng nghi¢p Cée xi nghiép cong nghigp bé tri 4 46 thi nhit thiét phai tun theo 4 an quy hoach chung d6 thf va phai duge xy dung thanh khu cong nghiép, hotic cum xi nghiép cong nghi¢p 46 thye hign tap trung va hgp téc trong sin xudt va sir dung chung eOng trinh id thuat ha tng, ti6t kigm dt dai xay dung. Cha thick 1. Dt xay dung cong nghiep phu thuge udo quy mé va tink chdt cita xi nghitp cong nghiep duce tinh todn theo ludn ching kink t€ Ri thud. 2. Khi chia ob luan chiing kink t€~ hi thudt cu thé eda cfc xi nghiep va dank muc cde xf nghitp, mudn du tinh d&t dai xdy dung cong nghitp cho do thi phdi ean ett vdo loai hinh cong nghiep, inh cht va quy mo dé thi dé du tink dét dai theo tidu chun trung bink nhu sau : ~ D6i vdi do thi loai lon ve rét lon, dét dai cong nghitp Udy ti 15 dén 20m*inguei ; = D6i vi do thi loai trung binh tit 10 dén 15m? ingudi. = Dbi vi do thi loai nhs tie 5 dén 10m*inguci. (56 ton ding cho do thi 66 chit ning cing nehitp [a cht ys, 06 nhb dng cho do thi cb che nang tng hop ; che do thi hinh chink, dé dai cong nahitp léy duct Sm? ingus) Khi quy hoach khu céng nghiép phai théa man cac yéu cdu day chuyén cong nghé, céc yeu cdu vé cong trinh ki thugt nhur giao thong van tai, cp nude, e&p nhiét, thoat. nude, eéc you céu ve sinh, bao ve moi trudng, S6 lugng cong nhan cia khu cong nghiop khong nén vugt qué 30 ngin ngudi ; chi khi e6 yeu edu dae bi¢t vé quy mo cia nha may chinh va yéu edu lin hgp san xudt thi s6 lugng cOng nhan cia khu cOng nghiép mnéi vugt qué 30 ngan ngudi. Mat bing cia khu cong nghiép theo eée chic nang duge bé tri nhut sau : a) Cac xi nghiép tao thanh khu cong nghiép, tram nhiét dién, cde céng trinh phu tro san xudt, kho tang va xf nghiép cong nghiép xAy dung ; b) Phong thiét k6, ca 98 thye nghi¢m khoa hoc, trung tam dao tao cong nhan ki thuat wy...34. 35. 36. TCVN 4449 : 1987 ©) Tuyén dudng sét chuyén dung, bén dng chuyén dung, duéng van tai nguyen ligu, nhién ligu va thanh ph4m, tuy6n giao thong cng cong, tram dé xe va bai d5 xe 5 d) Cac cong trinh c4p nutc, c4p dién, cdp nhiét, thodt nude mua, thoat nude ban va xc li nude ban ; ©) Céc edng trinh phuc vu cong Ong, hanh chinh, van héa, vudn hoa cay xanh phye vu cho toan khu cong nghiép ; g) Cac khu vue thu réc, chit thai cong nghiép, khu cach Ii v@ sinh va dét dai dy trir phat trign. Chi thich : Tuytn dién chuyén tdi cia he théng nang luong quée gia khong duge b6 tri trong khu cong nghiep. ‘Vi tri tuong tmg cia khu cong nghiép d6i véi khu dan dung phy thudc vao ep dge hai va kh6i lugng van t4i hang héa cla céc xf nghigp. Cac khu cong nghiop duge bé tri 8 nhimg vi tri sau: a) © xa khu dan dung : cde xf nghi¢p doe hai ep I va edp II (khong ké dén kh6i Ivgng van chuyén hang hoa cba xi nghiep), b) O ven khu dan dung : che xi nghiép doc hai cp III va cdp IV (khong ké dén kh6i lugng van chuyén hang héa cia xf nghiep), ede xf nghi¢p tuy khong doc hai nhung 6 yeu cdu xay dung dudng sft chuyén dung. ¢) © trong khu dn dung : céc xi nghiép khong déc hai va cdc xf nghiép doc hai c4p V nhug trong qué’ trinh sin xut khong gay chay, gay né va khong gay ra tiéng én vugt qué ti¢u chuén cho phép ; khong c6 yéu cdu xy dung dudng sit chuyén dung, hang héa nguyén vat liéu chuyén bang 6 tO véi cuéng do van chuyén khong qua 40 lugt 6 t6 mOt ngay trén mot huéng van tai. Quy hoach xay dung khu cOng nghigp hoe cum xi nghiep cong nghiep cén dam bao cae you edu sau day : a) Xac dinh rd luan ching kinh té - ki thuat cla khu cong nghiép, xic dinh ré thoi han xay dung timg xi nghiép trong khu cong nghiep. b) BS trf cu thé vj tri, pham vi dt dai cia toan khu cOng nghiép va mat bang ting xf nghigp bao gém cae xi nghiep xay dymg mdi, cde xi nghidp cai tao va mé rong, cdc cOng trinh phy try san xuft, cdc tram cp dién, edp nhiét.. phi hyp véi yeu edu lign higp sin xudt. c) Xée dinh m6i quan hé va yéu edu vé van tdi hang ha va hanh kh4ch cho toan khu cong nghiép va timg xi nghiép, cae phuong huéng ki thuat cdp dién, efp nhiét, dp nude, thoat nude va chudn bi kr thuat d4t dai xay dung. ¢) BC trf ku trung tam cong cOng, cée cng trinh nghlén ecru thye nghiém khoa hoc, khu thé thao, vutin hoa, c@y xanh cho toan khu cong nghiép ; e) BO tri khu céch li vé sinh va cdc dai cay xanh céch li © Xée dinh noi t4p trung xi If eae chét thai cong nghi¢p nhu : khi doe, réc, chat thai rén va nude thai cong nghiép. Quy hoach khu cOng nghigp va cum xi nghiép cOng nghiep edn thye hign véi st hop 4c xdy dug va sir dung chung nhimg cng trinh sau day : 19TCVN 4449 : 1987 37. 38. 20 Cée cong trinh phy trg sin xudt nhu eum co khi stta chia, ron, dap, diic, lam cée vat ligu mu, xf nghi¢p cong nghiép xay dung ; Cac cong trinh giao thong ddu méi nhu dudng sit chuyen dung, bén cdng, kho tang, tram d6 xe cOng cOng ; Che cong trinh kf thugt ha téng nhw cOng trinh edp dién, cfp nhigt, cp nude, xi I nue thai cong nghigp, thong tin lien lac va ede eéng trinh ngém khée. Céc cong trinh chudn bi dét dai xay dung, thoat nuée mua, san dp nén chéng trugt, chéng x6i 16, ha mete nude ngém ; Khu trung tam cong cong cia khu cOng nghiep ; Khu céch li ve sinh. Khi b6 tri tng mat bing khu cong nghiép d&e bigt chii ¥ céc diém sau day : Cée nhom xi nghi@p c6 yeu edu lien hgp sn xust phdi b6 ti ding day chuyén cong nghe ; Céc xf nghigp ¢6 ep doc hai twang ty nén bé tri theo nhém, tanh anh hudng cla xi nghi¢p doc hai dén ede xf nghi¢p khée ; Bao dam giao thong di lai an toan va nhanh chéng gidta khu cOng nghiép va khu nha 6 cia cong nhan. D6i voi cde lin hgp xf nghi¢p chiém dién tich lén, 6 chiéu dai lén han 2000m va chigu rng lén hon 800m cén dua tuyén giao thong cong cong vao khu lién hop. B6 tri ede xf nghiep hoge nhém cde xf nghiep c6 tinh chét twang ty tren dét dai khu cong nghiép phai theo ep doc hai cia cdc xf nghigp. Vige xac dinh kich thyée dai céch li vé sinh phai tuan theo nhing yéu edu ca quy hoach téng thé khu cong nghiép va tieu chudn ve sinh cia xt nghiép cOng nghiép. Céc xf nghi¢p Ong nghigp ¢6 yeu cd dai céch li v8 sinh 1én hon 3000m thi phai bé trl @ ngoai do thi Chiéu rong dai cach li xe dinh theo phan cAp doc hai ctia xi nghiep cong nghiép My hut sau : Loai xf nghiop ddc hai ep I: nbd nhft Ja 1000m ; Loai xi nghiép déc hai 4p II: nhd nhét la 500m ; Loai xf nghiep doe hai edp IIT : nhd nhét 18 300m ; Loai xf nghiep doc hai e4p IV : nhd nhét la 100m ; Loai xi nghiép doc hai ep V : nhé nbét Ja 50m 5 Ohi thick 1. Phan logi xi nghitp theo ofp ddc hoi Khang phu thude vto KAéi lvong van chuyén (xem phi tue #6 3) 2. Khodng céch li ug sink phdi tinh todn cu thé, clin tang lén tit 2 dén § lan trong ede trang hap sau day ~ Cae xi nghiep khong 06 nhiing thit bj lam gidm chdt doc hai sinh ra trong qué trink sin xudt3.9, 3.10. S.A. 8.12 TCVN 4449 : 1987 = Trong truong hop 64t bude phdi b6 tri xi nghiep 4 du hudng gid chink so udi hhu dan dung thi phdi ob su théa thutn gia BO chit quin udi Bo Y tf va Uy ban Xay dung co bdn Nha nude 48 tang hich thude ddi céch li ve sink cho thick hop. 3. Cle khu cng nghitp ob quy mé lin ub géy ra doe hoi nang nhu hhu lien hep gang thép, Khu cing nghitp luyén im mids, Rhu lien hop ha dda... 2h fay theo quy mo vb vi tri cia Rhu cong nghigp ma Bd chi quin cing vti eée co quan c6 thdm quytn st quy dink cu thé dai ctich Ui vt sinh cho thich hap. 4. Che xi nghitp khong ghi trong phu luc 3 thi can cit vdo tink chét dée hai tuong ty dé xée dink dai céch fi v2 sink va bdo céo len co quan e6 thém quytn phe duytt 5. Khi c6 didu hitn dia Kink che chdn thudn loi hode 6 bién phép hit chAt de hai that bdo dim {thi phi bdo e&o udi co quan eb thdm quytn phe duyet dé gidm bét hich thude dai cich ti uf sink, Nhimg xf nghiép diing cfc cht phéng xa manh va cae cht dé gay né gay chay nhét thi6t phdi 6 trf & ngoai do thi, Vi tri cla céc xf nghiep nay phai dude co quan cé thém quyén pho duyet. Bai dé cdc phé ligu cong.nghi¢p khong duge anh hudng xfu tdi diéu kign v@ sinh cla cde xi nghiép 6 xung quanh va khong duge gay nhiém bén cho a6 thi. Cac bai phé ligu cOng nghiép c6 quy mé In phai dat 4 ngoai pham vi do thi. Bai dé céc loai phé ligu nguy hiém (dé gay né, gay chay, gly dich bénh...) phai dat 4 xa khu dan cut va phai c6 big¢n php xi If ede cht doe hal, bao ve khong cho ngudi qua lai. Bai phé ligu khong duge lam nhiém bén cde nguén nude mat, nude ngim, khong khf cing nhu dt dai eda do thj va ving xung quanh. (Chi thich : Bai thai vd kho chita nguyen litu c6 tinh phing xa phai theo céc quy dink rieng vb theo su huéng dén cia ede eo quan chuyén mon. ‘Trong khu céch li v@ sink eda khu cdng nghi’p phai trong cdc dai cy xanh bdo hd, tréng xen ké ede hang edy cao va hang cay thip. Trong khu eéch li vé sinh co thé bé tef céc cOng trinh sau : a) Cée xf nghidp cong nghigp ft doc hai khdng e6 anh hudng xu dén xf nghigp khée va khong gay 0 nhiém 46i voi khu dan dung 5 b) Tram ctu héa, bai dé 6 td, kho tang (tr kho thye phdm), nha tdm gidt va cia ‘hang sia chita dich vy ; (Oni thick : D&t xAy dung cbc xi nghitp vd cdng trink néu d dim (a) vb (b) Khong duge wut qué 30% ditn tich cita Rhu cbch li ut sink ; ©) Vain vom cay, vudn e@y an qua va rau mau... Chai thich ; Khi mudn xy dung eéc logi cong trink khéc khong néu 4 trén phdi duge su dong ¥ ela co quan y tf vi co quan quén Ii xdy dung dia phuong. ‘Ti le cdc loai dét trong khu cong nghiép ly theo cdc chi tiéu trung binh sau day : Dign tich xay dung eéc xf nghiop tgo thanh khu cng nghiép va eéc cong tinh phu trg chiém ti 50 dén 60% dign tich dét toan khu cong nghiep. ‘Dign tich mang l6i dudng va cdc cong trinh giao thong ddu méi chiém tit 5 dén 10%. Dien tich khu trung tam cOng eng, cOng trinh hanh chinh, trang tam nghién eitu khoa ‘hoe va thye nghiém ki thugt chiém ti 5 dén 7%. Céec didn tich khée ké cd dién tich tring cay xanh, stn bai thé thao va dién tich dt trit phét trién khu cong nghiep chiém tir 25 dén 30% aTCVN 4449 : 1987 3.13. 3.14. 3.15. 3.16. 3.17. ‘Thiét ké quy hoach khu cOng nghi€p phdi tinh toan dén céc yeu cdu chung cha quy hogch xay dung do thi nhu yeu edu déng bo va khu nha 6 cia cOng nhan, he théng giao thong va céc cOng trinh ki thuat ha téng cba do thi dé bao dam nhimg diéu kien thugn tign vé lam vige, 4, sinh hoat va di lai cho cong nhan. ‘Thiét ké quy hoach cdi tao céc Khu cng nghiop can nghién eu ki céc vin dé sau day : Diéu chinh mat bang khu cong nghiép, tan dung d&t dai dy tris trong khu cOng nghiép dé b6 tri cac cOng trinh sin xudt méi, khu trung tam céng cong cia khu cOng nghiép ; D6i vi xi nghidp doc hai gay 0 nhiém néng cho méi truéng 46 thi phai trang bj thiét bj ki thuat dé kchir ch4t doc hai. Néu khong thé khir duge cht doe hai phai di chuyén xf nghiép 46 ra ngoai thanh phd. Diéu chinh mang ludi giao thong, t6 chic giao thong cong cong (néu c6 diéu kign), x6a bé dung sft chuyén dung néu khOng di hang héa van chuyén hoan thién vé cng trinh efp nude, ep din, nhigt. Cai tao mang Idi thodt nude mua, xit If nude thai va thoat nude thai cong nghiép ; ‘Tréng céy xan, vudn hoa, xAy dumg san bai tap thé thao, edi thién diéu kien vé sinh va moi trudng ciia khu cong nghiép. D6i véi xi nghigp b6 tf trong khu dan cut thuge ep doc hai cao (cp I va ep I), edn bao dim céc yeu cfu sau : Ap dung quy trinh cong ngh@ sin xuét tien tin, sir dung cde phuong phép c6 hidu qua nhét dé tan dung céc cOng trink sin xudt, nh&m giém mée do doc hai cla xf nghigp phi hgp vdi yéu cdu ve sinh va bao v¢ moi trudng cho khu dan cu, Khi khong c6 kha nang thyc hi¢n nhimg yeu edu trén thi phai nghién eitu thay d6i chee nang hoge phai di chuyén x{ nghiép ra khdi khu dan cut Quy hoach khu kho tang cong cong Kho tang cong cong 4 d0 thi bao gbm céc Joai chi yéu sau day : Kho hang thuong nghiép (kho hang thong dung va kho hang chuyén dung). Kho hang rau qua, thye phém, luang thyc. Kho vat tu ki thuat, thiét bi may mée, nguyen ligu cong nghigp ; Kho vat ligu xAy dung va thiét bj xAy dung ; Kho xing déu, khf d6t, than cdi, Kho lam sin vw... Kho tang cong eOng phai duge b6 tri pha hgp véi quy hoach chung d6 thi, dim bao phue vu t6t nhdt cho sin xudt va yéu edu sit dung cia nhtin dan dé thi. Khu kho tang cong eOng 6 cée thinh ph6 lén trd lén phai b6 tri tap trung khu kho tang cong cong vdi cde kho hang thong dung, kho hang chuyén dung, eéc kho bio quan rau qua edn bao dam giao thong thudn tién véi céc khu 4, dac biét lién he thuan tign véi cdc khu cOng nghiép thanh phé. Co sé cung tiéu va kho cung eép vat tu ki thudt cho phép bé trf trong khu kho tang cong cOng va trén khu dt cia khu cOng nghiép c6 day di ede tieu chugn ve sinh va phong chéy.TCVN 4449 : 1987 Kho tang phai bé tr{ tren khu d&t cfia kho tang cong eng theo cde nhém chuyén mon hoa, co dudng giao thong thufn tién, cé bai dé céc phuong tién giao thong va cac trang thi6t bj cdn thiét. 3.18. Khi cdi tao céc 46 thi ct phai nghien eitu sip xép Iai kho ting. Khi cn thiét phai di chuyén céc kho tang khong dim bao cde yéu edu v@ sinh va tiéu chudn phéng chéy ra khdi khu dan eu va b6 trf vao khu kho tang cOng cong. 3.19. Cin ett vao tinh chit sir dung va dic tinh cia hang héa, kho tang cong cng duge b6 taf 4 3 vi tr sau, theo bing 4 Bang 4 : Vj trl va losi Icho Cée nhém kho theo logi hang hoa Phuong thie bé tri 1 2 3 ‘A. Trong khu mba 8 ~ Kho ban Ié iho ban ede logi hing héa thong dung, chuyén dung 'B6 trl theo cée cita hang phus vu cho hu edu hang ngay B. Oven khu nha = Kho phan ph6i eé kim theo = Kho vat ligu va hist bj Kho Ivong thye Kho thyc phém Kho bach héa, duge phim Kho rau hoa qua dong lanh Hho d6 g6 Bai cai than Kho vat ligu xay dung. Kho may méc thigt bi Hho kim loai vA phi Kho g6 Kho xi mang im Logi B6 tri tron khu dat rieng o¢ khoang céch Ii efin thi6t d6i voi khu nha & B6 trl tron khu dat ritng oo khong ‘ech Ii voi khu aha 8 va kkho Ivong thye, thye phdm gin dudng giso thong va khu cing nghiep ©. 6 ngoai thanh Kho dy trit Kho cfic chat d8 chiy, 48 n6, doc hai Kho thu mua cfc loai ong, lam sin thie an gia sic, nguyen lieu cong nghiop Kho cung tiéu trung chuyén Kho Ivong thye thye pham Kho cong nghé phém Kho may mée thigt bj Kho cfc chit d8 gay chy Kiho cde chat d8 né va gay nd Kho héa chat long Kho hda chat doc hai Kho ng cée Kho thie an gia sic Kho thye phim Kho nguyén ligu cong nghi¢p Kho chia da chua thube Kho cung tng vat tv nong ngbiep Kho phé ligu, phS phim, phe Kho trung chuyén BO tri than t6ng kho gin dutng sAt, duimg thay, dvdng 6&0 BO tri thanh Khu riéng e6 dai each It ve sinh d6ng thdi gin dtu méi giao thong va cfc xi nghigp tieu thy cée loai hang nay nt 2BTCVN 4449 : 1987 8.20, Dien tich khu dat, dién t{ch va kb6i tich kho hang thong dung va chuyén dung, kho bao quin rau, hoa qua, cht d6t va vat lieu xAy dung Ify theo bang 5 Chi thich : Dé tinh todn 60 60 ditn tich dat dai cita Khu hho tang phuc vw thank phé cho phep Uy 2m] ngudi din d6i vdi ede thanh ph6 lon trd lén vd Idy 3m"I ngudi dan d6i véi ede thank PhS nhé va trung bink. Co thé lam hho mhidu tng Bing 5 Dign tich kho: Dign tich dét dai Kho hang thong dung (am?/1000dan) (m7/1000dan) Dot dia | Daihen | Dgtaau | Dai ban Hass es lala thue che bien 12 1s 2a 30 Hang cong nghe phim 40 60 (hich hoa) 2.0 30 (Ohi thich : Luong hang du triz dé ban 1é trong mot ngay vd chitu cao trung binh cita Kho a 6m Khgi tich kho Dign tich dat dai Kho hang chuyen dung (t4in/1000dan) | (m?/1000dan) Dot dau Daihen | Det ada Dai han. Kho lanh (bao quan thit, e, ~ [ - a | gia cfm, sita, tring) 3 8 12 20 | | Bao quan qua twai, rau xanh 10 16 40 64 | fase i es = m?/r000dan. Dign tich khu dat Kho bai Dot déu Dai han [Wat Tigw xay dung ss 200 eer ets aanrSeiBOO. Chat dot rin | Than 1a chinh 150 200 Cai A chink. 250 300 3.21, Khodng céch li ve sinh gida khu kho tang véi khu din Bing 6 Loai kho dung dy theo bang 6 Khoing eich li Kho x4 mang, kho ph6 phd, kho da chua thude, bai nhién ligu va vat lieu xay dying ahiés byi Kho vat ligu xay dung it bui, kho chat d6t (than, edi), kho uop. anh es dung tich 1én han 5000m> Kho rau tuci, hoa qua, kho lanh thuc phém, kho Iuang thuc, kho thdc an gia stic, kho vat ligu x4y dung khOng ed bui, kho hang d6 thigt bj 300 100 50 24TCVN 4449 ; 1987 Ohi thick + 1. Khoing eich Ii uf sink tit Kho ting néi trén dén ning khu an dudng, nghi ngoi, bénh vitn cb thé tang lén theo yéu cau cia cée co quan cb thém quygn nhung khong qué 2 lan s0 voi guy din 12. Khodng céch li uf sinh tit kho the phém dén cfc x1 nghip cong nghitp ldy bang khodng céch Ui of sinh tc hhu dén ou dn cc xi nghitp cong nghiep do 3.22, Khoang cach li phéng chay, phong né gitta cde kho dé chay, dé né véi khu dan dung phy thude vo Unh cht, quy mo céc loai kho Idy theo bang 7. 8.23. Kho tang cOng cOng nén b6 tri thanh cum kho tang theo tinh chét sit dung va dc tinh eda hang héa va phai phii hgp véi quy hoach chung cia do thi. Khu dat xay dung kho tang phdi cao réo khéng bi ngap lut, c&n chon cfc khu dat gin ga hang héa, bén cng va déu méi giao thong duang bo dé bé tri kho trung chuyén. Khi kh6i luang hang héa Ién 6 thé lam dudng sft chuyon dung hoae bén cdng chuyén dung cho Kho tang. Bang 7 a Khoang cach tir kho dén nha &, Eien gs céng trinh eéng céng theo bse eat ia Ges Dung lwong kho cohju hia Bacl, I | Bact | Bac tv i 2 3 4 6 Kho than dé ‘Tir 6000 dm 10.0008 2 ry 16 Tit 500 dén 5000 8 10 4 Dusi 500 t 6 8 12 Kho than bin ‘Tw 1000 den 10.000 m wo | a6 ‘Than eve Dusi 1000 20 2 30 ae prieea one Be el Duci 1000 t 30 3% | Kho 6 edi ‘Tu 1000 dn 10.000m> 18 m4 30 Duti 1000m* 2 16 20 Kho mim cua vé bao | Tx 1000 dén 600m? 30 36 40 Kho chat long dé chay | Ta 500 dén 100m? 30 30 50 Ti 250 dén 500m? 24 30 40 ‘Tu 10 dén 250m? 20 4 30 Duéi 10m? 6 20 24 4. Quy hogch giao thong dai ngoai Duong sdt 4.1. Quy hoach va thiét ké dudng sit trong 40 thi phai tuan theo TCVN 4117 : 1985. 42, Ga hinh khéch va quing truimg ga edn bé tri é pha khu dan ex etia 46 thi va 06 thé lien hé thuan tién vdi trung tam, cae khu nha 6 va céc khu cong nghidp. Ga hanh khéch nén chon loai ga thong tuyén, chi chon ga cut trong diéu kign die biét va phai dya trén eo 66 phan tich vé kinh 6, ki thuat, 28TCVN 4449 : 1987 43. 44 45. 46. 4. 48. 49, 4.10. 4a. 412. 6 D6i véi cée do thi rét Idn co kh6i Iugng van chuyén hanh khdch gita ni va ngoai thi Jn c6 thé 16 chite tuy6n xe lita cut. Cac tram 46 cn b6 trf gin cée khu dong dan cu, cac trung tam thé due thé thao, cae trung tam nghi ngoi, cdc bén tau, bén xe v.v., Ga J4p tau hang phai b6 tri ngoai pham vi do thi. Ga lap tau khéch nai aé ddu may toa xe du tri phai b6 tri én ngoai khu dan dung. Cae ga hang h6a, cde bai chia hang phai b6 tri gn cdc eo sé cung efp va nhan hang, © cae do thj lon, khi c6 dudng sdt quéc gia chay qua nén lam dudng nhénh chay ra ngoai do thi dé hang héa, hanh khéch li¢n van khong di vao 46 thi. Nha 6 trong a6 thi phai b6 tri céch tim dudng sft tix 50m dén 100m va phai tréng cay xanh céch li, chiéu rong dai cach li c6 thé gidm xuéng. O nbimg noi dudng sAt di dudi hao, chiéu rong dai cach li cé thé giam xu6éng Chi duge phép xay dung dutng sft chuyén dung vao cae khu cong nghiep ho&e nha may khi hang héa qué khé, eéng kénh hoge van chuyén bang eae phudng tién giao thong khée khong kinh t6 Vige xay dumg dudng sft chuyén dung, duding sft nhanh phu thude vao kehéi higng van chuyén hang hoa nhé nhét (hai chiéu) va s6 lugng toa xe/ngay dem nhd nhdt. Xem phu lue 2. Khi dat duéng sft chuyén dung cho khu cong nghiép, kho tang edn bdo dam nhimg yeu edu sau: 2) Chiéu dai tuyén ngdin nhét, do déc va ban kinh phai bao dim d6 déc thiét ké. b) Co kha nang phat trign ga va dudng khi khu céng nghi¢p kho tang edn phét trién mé rong. ©) Viee van chuyén trén dung sft chuyén dung khong lam tré ngai giao thong chung cia do thi, Khi dudng s&t giao cdt voi dudng 6 16 hoac dung xe dign phai cé bién phap béo dim an toan giao thong, néu cn thiét phai t6 chic giao nhau khée d6 cao. Dicing 6 t6 Bén 6 1 hanh khéch cia 46 thi nén bé trf 8 nhing noi méi lién he thuan tign véi trung tam, nha ga, bén cng, chg va nhiing noi tap trung dan. © cae do thi lén, bén 6 6 hanh khéch nén bé tri canh duéng néi véi mang duéng quéc gia. Bén 6 £6 hang hoa nén b6 tri canh céc khu cong nghiép va kho tang Bén xe 6 tO hanh khach d6i ngoai duve chia thanh 3 loai theo kha nang phat va tiép mhan xe ; Loai lén : 1én hon 20 xe/¢id, din tich My 1 ha ; Logi vita : 20 xe/gis, dign tich My 0,85ha ; Loai nhé : nhd hon 20 xe/gid, dign tich My 0,60ha Nhitng dé thi c6 lugng hanh khéch ra vao lén cdn té chitc bén xe lién van thay, bo tgo digu kién thugn loi cho ngudi sit dung.TCVN 4499 : 1987 4.13. Tram sia chita, tram nghi cho xe lién van nén bé tri 6 cée du méi giao thong ré vio 0 thi, vé phfa dudng quéc 19 4.14, Cée dé thi xty dumg gin dudng quéc 19, tinh Io phai co dudng néi true tigp véi cée dudng dé. Néu 46 thi xay dung doc theo dung quéc 19, cdn lam duimg chin thay thé doan chay xuyén qua d6 thi ; cp hang duéng tranh phai tuong duong véi ep hang dutng chinh Dicong hang khong 4,15, Stn bay phai bé tri ngoai pham vi do thi. Khoding eéch nhé nhét ti san bay dén gidi han khu dan dung (phai tinh dén giéi han phat trién tong lai ciia khu dan dung) phu thuge vao ep hang san bay, huéng edt cénh va ha cénh, hudng tuyén bay so véi khu dan dung, Ify theo bang 8 Bang 8 ican Khoing efch ohd nhat ti gidi han sin bay ednke ha, | Huong tuyén dén gidi han khu din dyng theo cfip san bay cednh co voi |, ,b8Y, £0 vol : khurdan dung | 8m dum) gos! | capt | cap tt | Cap uit | Cap tv | cep v on rors 3 [3020 0 5 3 cat Khong eft 7 16 15 s - - Khong eft | Khong oft 6 6 oe 2 ie Ohi thich : Cp hang san bay can ott ydo chidu dai cila duéng bang quy dink nhu trong bang 9 Bang 9 Cap hang. Chiéu ani, | chiéu rong duang bang. | ®* | capr | capt | Cap mt | Capiv | Cap Vv duimg din beng Chiéu dai dubng bang 2800 | 2500 | 2000 1500 1000 600 Chigu rong dudng bang 60 60 45 45 30 25 Chiu rong dudng adn 25 zis | 18-16 | 16-14 | 1612 | 10-8 Chigu rong dung bang cit, ha canh KE ch dai an toan hai ben 300 300 245 M45 145 100 4.16. Ce sn bay ngoai hang, ep I, ep Il é xa céc dO thj tit 15 dén 20km trd lon cén xay dung dudng 616 ep cao néi sin bay voi dé thi. © cae dé thi c6 t6 chife van tai hanh khach bing hang khong, phéng ban vé may bay cn b6 tri gén céc bén xe cong cong. Dign tich sin bay ty theo cép hang c6 thé tir 200 dén 300ha hoge 1én hon, 4,17. B6 tri stn bay lén thang trong do thi cén phai chon tuyén bay an toan, it gay tiéng 6n cho khu dan dung, tuyén bay céin b6 trf ngoai khu dan dung, trén mat nude hoge tren cée dai cay xanh, doc theo dudng 0 t, dudng aTTCVN 4449 : 1987 4.18, 4.19. 4.20. 421, 4.22, 4.23, Dign tich san bay Ién thing Idy nh sau : ‘May bay loai Idn : 2,5ha Méy bay loai vita : 1,5ha. May bay loai nhé : 1ha. ‘Thiét k6 xfy dumg san bay theo tidu chudn hign hanh. Duedng thay Cang cén bé tri & nhimg noi di diéu kien. dé tdu thuyén ra vao thudn tign, an toan, bd cing 6n dinh. Phin dé tron ba phai di rng dé t6 chic b6e x6p hang héa va xty dung kho tang. Dua vao quy mo va tinh chét, cdng c6 thé bé trf 4 ndi thi ho&e ngoai th Cang mdi nén bé tri ngoai khu dan dung va lien hé thugn tign vdi duong sit, duéng 0 16 d6i ngi va d6i ngoai. BS trf cing khong duge lam anh hudng dn vige sit dung mat nude va ché do bdo ve nguén nude do thi. Cang chuyén dung nen b6 trf gén nha may, kho tang, cing song phai b6 tri & cui dong nude so véi khu dn dung. Nha méy sta chia téu pha c6 thé bé tri 6 gén cing hoge & mot khu rieng Céng eda 46 thi cén chia thanh ede khu chiée nang va o6 thé b6 tri trong mot hose nhiéu khu vye. Bén hanh khéch nén bé tri gén trung tm 40 thi, Khu vuc hang hoa St bui va phue vu true tiép cho do thi nén bé tri d noi thi, Céc khu vue hang héa nhiéu bui, bén ddu, b6n c& phai b6 trf & ngoai thi. Khoang céch li nhd nbét tir gidi han khu vyc cang va kho dén nha d va céc eng trinh cong cong trong do thi quy dinh nhu sau : Cang thong thuang = 100m Cang cé: 1000m Kho, bé chtta hang long dé chay, trong 46 Kho ep I 200m, Kho ep I, IIT 100m (Chi thick : Kho trong edng chia thinh 9 logi theo site chita hang héa nhu sau Kho eép I site chita tin hon 30.000 m3. Kho cép II site chita tit 6000 dén 30.000". Kho eép II site chita nké hon 600m. Dign tich ddt x4y dumg cdng wéc tinh theo chiéu dai b6n cdng Idy nhu sau ; a) Cang bién : - Hé théng edu cdng nbo My tr 150 d6n 170m?/1m dai bén cing - He théng edu cng doe My ti 200 dén 250m?/Im dai bén cing. b) Cang song : = Cang chung Ify tir 250 dén 300m?/1m dai bén. - Bén tdu My tir 100 dén 150m?/1m dai bén. ~ Cang chuyén dung (cd kho bdo ve) Idy tir 300 dén 400m?/Im dai bén, hd thich : Tidu chudn ditn tich trén chua tink dén ditn tich nh& méy ata chita vd cing trink ‘ha thity,‘TCVN 4449 : 1987 4.24. Cée kho nhién ligu léng dé chay cia edng phai b6 tri 6 cu6i dong song so véi d6 thi. Khoang céch li nhd nbét tit khu kho nhién ligu long dé chay dén khu vue mat nude

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