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Tree Diagrams /

Labeling Phrases

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Example with brackets

How would you divide this sentence into phrases?

— The children put the toys in the box

— [The children] [put [the toys] [in [the box] ] ]

Wednesday, September 4, 13
The Main Phrase Structure Rules

S- Sentence
1. S → NP VP NP-Noun Phrase
VP- Verb Phrase
2. NP → (Art) (AP) N (PP) Art- Article
AP- Adjective Phrase
N- Noun
3. VP → (Aux) V (NP) PP- Prepositional
Phrase
Aux- Helping Verb
4. PP → P (NP) P- Preposition

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Up Side Down Trees

Sentence
(+ Infl)

Phrases

(Phrases)
Syntactic
Categories
Words
Wednesday, September 4, 13
Drawing the tree diagram

The Phrase

Wednesday, September 4, 13
How to Build a Tree (O’Grady, p. 181)

Example - Phrase Tree (1)


play with the toy VP
VP

V PP

P NP
Det N

play with the toy

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

1. repair the telephone


2. the success of the program
3. a film about pollution
4. move towards the window
5. The end of the road
*With your table decide if each is a
NP or VP*

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

VP

NP

V Art N
repair the telephone

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP

PP
NP

Art N Prep Art N


the success of the program

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP
PP
NP

Art N Prep N
a film about pollution

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

VP
PP
NP

V Prep Art N
move towards the window

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP
PP
NP

Art N Prep Art N


the end of the road

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Drawing the tree diagram

The Phrase

Wednesday, September 4, 13
How to Build a Tree (O’Grady, p. 181)

Example – Sentence Tree (2)


He likes the toy.
S

NP VP

Pronoun (N) V NP

Art N

He likes the toy

Wednesday, September 4, 13
How to Build a Tree (O’Grady, p. 181)

Example – Sentence Tree (2)


The children put the toy in the box.
S

NP VP

Art N V NP PP

Art N P NP

Art N

The children put the toy in the box

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the structure trees for the following
sentences

Draw the tree structure of the following


sentences:
a) Those guests should leave.
b) Maria never ate a brownie.
c) That shelf will fall.
d) The glass broke.
e) The student lost the debate.
f) The manager may offer a raise.

Question # 5 (a–f) p. 187 (O’Grady)

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

NP VP

Art N Aux V
Those guests should leave.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

VP
NP NP

N Adv V Art N
Maria never ate a brownie.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

NP VP

Art N Aux V
That shelf will fall.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

NP VP

Art N V
The glass broke.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP

NP NP

Art N V Art N
The student lost the debate.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

VP
NP NP

Art N Aux V Art N


The manager may offer a raise.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
HOMEWORK

Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.

1. repair the telephone


2. the success of the program
3. a fat ladies man

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

VP

NP

V Art N
repair the telephone

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP
PP
NP

Art N Prep Art N


the success of the program

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP

Art Adj N N
a fat ladies man

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP

NP

Art Adj N N
a fat ladies man

Wednesday, September 4, 13
PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

Draw the tree diagram of these AMBIGUOUS phrases.

1.Jane hid the letter from Dan.


2.He likes raw vegetables and meat.
3.The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

S
VP
PP
NP
NP NP
N V Art N Prep N
Jane hid the letter from Dan.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

S
VP
NP
PP
NP
NP
N V Art N Prep N
Jane hid the letter from Dan.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP VP
NP

N V Adj N Conj N
He likes raw vegetables and meat.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

NP VP

NP NP
N V Adj N Conj N
He likes raw vegetables and meat.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase

S
VP
NP
PP PP
NP NP

Art N V Prep Art N PrepArt N


The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of phrase
S
NP VP
PP
NP
PP
NP
Art N V Prep Art N PrepArt N
The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.

1.My boss was very happy about her promotion.


2.He put the car into the garage.
3.Her children have gone to the movies.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence
S
NP VP
PP
NP

PN N Aux Adv Adj Prep PN N


My boss was very happy about her promotion.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP
PP
NP NP NP

N V Art N Prep Art N


He put the car into the garage.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP
PP
NP NP

PN N Aux V Prep Art


N
Her children have gone to the movies.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.

1.The police examined a photograph of the


accident.
2.They arrested the suspect in the hotel.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP
NP
NP PP
NP

Art N V Art N Prep Art N


The police examined a photograph of the accident.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP
PP
NP NP NP

N V Art N Prep Art N


They arrested the suspect in the
hotel.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
PRACTICE DIAGRAMS

Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.

1.Ralph has found the key to the cabinet.


2.My cat is very sick.
3.My sister is signing in the festival.
4.My mother is baking a cake for my sister.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP
PP
NP NP NP

N Aux V Art N Prep Art


N
Ralph has found the key to the cabinet

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP

NP AdjP

Art N V Adv Adj


My cat is very sick.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP
PP
NP NP

Art N Aux V Prep Art N


My sister is signing in the festival.

Wednesday, September 4, 13
Draw the tree Structure of Sentence

S
VP
PP
NP NP NP

Art N Aux V Art N Prep Art


N
My mother is baking a cake for my sister.

Wednesday, September 4, 13

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