1 Digital technology Switch on 1 Match the objects (1-6) withthe words keyboard monitor mouse printer speakers webcam 2 Answerthe questions 1 Which of these items do you use with your computer? 2 Which items are used for putting the computer? 3. Which items does the computer use to display information or produce something? information into Reading ‘Computer basics Answer the questions 1. How often do you tse a computer? 2 What do you use the computer for? 3. What problems do you have using computers? Read the text. Mark each statement T (true) orF (fase), 1 Aprinterisatype of software. 2 Acomputer uses its CPU to ‘think. 3. Peripherals are used to put information into and take information out of a computer. ‘An operating system is made up of the CPU and the peripherals. Avbugiis a mistake in a computer program that causes a problem with the software. Hardware and software Computers use software and hardware. Hardware ‘means the machines and devices that we use:a ‘computer, a printer. Software means programs that write to use the machines:a spreadsheet like Excel. oe a browser like Intemet Explorer. ‘The most important part of hardware is the computer This could be a desktop computer: one that is larze and is not easy to move from place to place. Many People now use a laptop: a computer that is smaller M9 and easy to cary. The most important part ofa computer is the CPU central processing unit), This the brain’ of the machine. You connect other hardware to your computer: printer, a keyboard, a screen, These are all called 48 peripherals. A peripheral might be an input device: you use it to put information onto your computer, ike ‘4 mouse or a scanner, Other peripherals are output devices: they show information that comes cut of your computer, like a screen or a printer. 20 The most important type of software is the operating system (05). This isa program that controls the computer itself, like Windows 7 or Mac OS X. Witheus an OS, you cannot run most other software on your machine. 2S If you make a mistake when you write software 8 program will not run correctly. This is because st contains a bug.In serious situations, this makes the ‘computer crash: it stops working and you cannot Use it. You then need to reboot your machine (start 30 It again), 3 Discuss the questions, 1 How do computers help you or make your lif easier? 2 What problems can computers cause? 3 What things can you name that contain soz of computer? EXAMPLE Some cars use simple computers to control and cooling,Vocabulary Cross out the wrong word in each group. 1 Inputdevices:keyboard monitor mouse 2. Hardware:laptop OS printer 3 Peripherals: CPU printer webcam 4 Output devices: Microsoft Word printer (eudio) speakers Software: anti-virus (eg Norton) computer game Complete the dialogue with the words belovr The ‘one word you don't need. bbug crashed laptop 0S peripheral rebooted runs ‘A What's wrong? B Iwason the train and Iwas using my to play a computer game. Suddenly it stopped workingit What was the problem? Tthink there was a tin the program. looked online and people said that there was a problem with this game onmy Windows 2. Did you fxit? Yes, 1 got a‘patch’~a piece of software from. the Internet. I downloaded it onto my laptop. I then —___' my laptop to start it again. Now _* 0K Don't worry ~this often happen: a solution online jere’s always Digital technology 7 In this unit © key terms for computer systems @ listening and completing a diagram © talking about wireless technology © putting a text in order © discussing the birth of the internet Listening How email works 1 Lookat the words and the diagram. Can you write any ofthe words in the comect ple? 2 @ Listen. Complete the diagram with the words below. email software emailinbox firewall mailserver recipient Internet Message vst ., may delete spam cramesage witha vias malsene, throw Message aris atmalenerof 3 Answer the questions, 1 How often do you use email? 2 Who do you communicate with by email? 3. What other types of electronic communication do youuse every day?‘Who sent the first email? Computer engineer Ray Tomlinson sent the fist ‘email message in 1971, while testing the new US Government email system. The message? Tomiinson cant remember exactly, but he sys it ‘might have been QWERTYLIOP —the fist ow of letters on a computer keyboara Reading The relational database ‘Answer the questions. 1 A database isa collection of information, for example students’ names and dates of birth, What sort of information does your university have about youin ts database? Can you think of any other databases that have {information about you. for example the database at your doctor’ office? Why is it useful for organizations to store information in computerized databases? Read the text on p9, Choose the best word or phrase to complete each sentence. 1 Aflatfile database stores information a inhunéreds of different files bb inone spreadsheet or table © onpaper A relational database stores information in acollectionoftables -_-b-anetwork of servers files that can'tbe deleted ‘A relational database makes it easy to___, such as ‘who uses a company ca, input data print paperwork change information Atkey'is a apassword type of information » acomputerlanguage SQLis used to__ information in the database. find b protect check for viruses in the Look at the database tables in the text on p9. Answer the questions 1 What is the name of Zoltan Nagy’s department 2 Who drives the car with the registration number BB6S MLW? What's the address of the building where Derek Srnith works? ‘What car model does Keith Iones drive? 5 Which employee works in IT Support? Vocabulary Complete the sente text on p9. 1 isn’t necessary to use this relational database. There's a program that helps you us database without it with the words in bold in Sy re links between the information = different parts of a relational database. If you want to save all the employee surnames different place, you could use Employee surnam asthe. forthe column, A is a way of asking for information! from a relational database Ifyou don’t have a password, you can't. ‘the database, The program won't let you read anything, You can, ___ data when you do not now or in the future, You should put the employee name in a diffe to the company departments. That data should not be in the same place. ‘The car registration JL90 IPP'is the ‘that car. We can’t use Nissan Micra, because are lots of those in the world!Digital technology 9 The relational database A database is acollection of information (data). A flat-file database is like a spreadsheet (e.g. Microsoft Excel) In this system, all the information is in one table, ‘The problem is that if you delete one row of the table, you delete lots of information at the same time, e.g. if company deletes information about an employee called Zoltan Nagy, they might also delete information about his company car. What if they want to use that information for someone else? To solve this problem, we need a relational database. A relational database is the most common way to store large amounts of data in one place In this system, the information is in different tables. ‘Relations’ connect the data in each table. In this case, we might want three tables: Employee [tmployeemumber | Enplves [Employ | wat /renate | Department ef [oeacec raat [eonditsl ama ccoel re ee | 006 Jones 029 _[ Nagy i 009 Department Department ref | Department name | Building (fe Head Ofice [Tartine ir TTSuppor Talore oad Mi Marketing [ sarsnest Sales —_[220Sun Avenue Company cars a [Employee number | Carregitration | car model fos) 8868 nL | BMW 5 Series saloon | oto Raise aS WA 006 1901 | Nissan Mera ae ee | If Alice Brand leaves the company, Derek Smith might get her company car. In this system, we just change the relations so that Derek and the car are connected, Notice we have added an employee number. This kind of information is called a primary Key. This is in case there are e.g, two people called Derek Smith in a company. The primary key is for rows in a table. ere js also a foreign key. The foreign key is for columns in a table. The foreign key in the department table ‘Department ref! We use this in the employee table too. In this way, we do not need to include the address etc in the employee table, ‘Toaccess the data, we use a special language called SQL (Structured Query Language). For example, if you ‘want the names of all employees with a company car, you might write this like- SELECT EMPLOYEE NAME WHERE COMPANY CAR ="Y’10 Unit? Pairwork Talking about wireless technology ‘Work in pairs, and B. Bach of you has alist of questions and some text about a type of wireless technology. Student A listens to Student Bs questions and uses the information in their text to respond (Student B notes answers). Then change roles and repeat the exercise student A student B Goto ps2 Questions a What is Bluetooth®? b_ How does Bluetooth work? How close together do Bluetooth devices need to be? 4 What is the centre of a Bluetooth network called? © What are the'slaves' in a Bluetooth network? Give examples, Wii Wiis a wireless technology that allows computers to communicate with each other. Wi-Fi access points ~ often called hotspots — can be found in many public spaces, such as cafés and hotels. A Wi-Fi signal can usually travel up to about 50 metres indoors and 100 metres outdoors. Wi-Fi networks are useful because they allow you to ‘work in a variety of places. They also avoid messy wiring, which can be difficult to install. However, there are disadvantages, too. Ifa wireless network isn't secure, it’s possible for other people to read your ‘messages or have access to your computer. Also, there are many places that don't have hotspots. Which of these could be done with Bluetooth or Wi-Fi? 1 Transferring photographs from a mobile phone toa laptop Voice communication between an aeroplane and ople on the ground Connecting video game controls to a video game Connecting a mobile phone headset to aphone Sending a text message to a mobile phone in another city Conducting an Internet video conference Say why you can't use Bluetooth or Wi-Fi for two of the items in 2, Do you use any Bluetooth devices? What are they? When do you use thera? Problem solving Discuss these questions. 1 What do you think are the greatest benefits of the World Wide Web? 2 What do you think are the biggest problems with ‘the World Wide Web? 3 Doyou think the World Wide Web has changed the world? If it has, how? Number the parts of the text on pill in the correct order. ‘Match the sentence halves. HTMLis, ARPANET was AURLIs The World Wide Web The World Wide Web consortium helps create standards for web developers. an address on the Internet. © a computer language the first web browser. one oftthe frst computer networks. began in 1990, Tim Berners-Lee created 4 what new technology do you think will exist 20 years from now?The Birth of the Internet A eee ees Berners-Lee be: the World Wide Web. This Cn een World Wide Web write web pages with a markup arte eet eee ee ed =a URL (uniform resource locator). b See Sere) ee ene ease ec Te ROTM ai Reon olan Mee R CUE Wer} eer ey Puen ate ates eZee ne cat ny eee ree na cme a Pee gesiouee ee USM ones re G ee tet Pete oe ene neni) Peanut een atest eG ae Cy Tse eau in Ree vee a BSE oe eek) aM Recast ae te Sena Dee cede eae ne od the URL or they want to find specific information, a search engine like Google can help thom. Berner esac te aL eRe Seon eee a eee eC ceo cack CS ne ARPANET, and became the Internet. At first, it was res tse Yee ee Wee em ROO ue ur i Rea net ce iene Digital technology 11 Checklist ‘Assess your progress in this unit. Tick (/) the statements which are true, Ican listen and complete a diagram Ican talk about witeles technology Ican puta text in order Ican discuss the birth of the internet ‘My reading and listening are good enough to understand most of each text in this unit SS Sees Key words Adjective relational Nouns Bluetooth® browser bug cpu database firewall inguiry key master operating system recipient slave Verbs crash reboot ‘Note here anything about how English is used in technology that is new to you.