LIMITE DE FUNCTII

FUNCŢII – LIMTE UZUALE. LIMITE REMARCABILE

1 1 1 1
lim 0 lim 0 lim   lim  
x 0 x x 0 x
x  x x  x x 0 x 0

, daca a  0
lim x a  
x  0, daca a  0
lim x  lim 3 x   lim 3
x  
x  x  x 
 , daca a  1 0 , daca a  1
lim a x   lim a x  
x  0 , daca a   0 ,1 x    , daca a   0 ,1
 , daca a  1   , daca a  1
lim log a x   lim log a x  
x  - , daca a   0 ,1
x 0
x 0
 , daca a   0 ,1

 
lim arctg x  lim arctg x  
x  2 x   2
lim tg x   lim tg x  
π π
x x
2 2
π π
x x
2 2

lim f  x   f  α  unde f:D  R funcţie elementarǎ si α  D punct de acumulare

x α
funcţiile trigonometrice nu au limitǎ în punctele ,
x x 1
 1  1
lim 1    e
x   x
lim 1    e
x    x
lim 1  x  x  e
x 0
sin x tg x
lim 1 lim 1
x 0 x x 0 x
arcsin x arctg x
lim 1 lim 1
x 0 x x 0 x
xk ax
lim x  0 , k  N , a  1 lim k   , k  N , a  1
x  a x  x

ln1  x  a x 1 1  x  r  1  r , r  R
lim 1 lim  ln a , a  0 lim
x 0 x x 0 x x 0 x

1
 OPERAŢII CU LIMITE (ŞIRURI ŞI FUNCŢII)

REGULI DE CALCUL CU LIMITE FINITE

Şiruri Funcţii
daca lim an  a si lim bn  b unde a, b  R, atunci : daca lim f  x   l1 , lim g  x   l2 , l1 , l2  R atunci :
x α x α
lim an  bn   lim an  lim bn  a  b
lim  f  x   g  x    lim f  x   lim g  x   l l 1 2
lim α  an   α  lim an  α  a x α x α x α
lim a  f  x   a  lim f  x   a  l1
lim an  bn   lim an  lim bn  a  b x α x α

 a  lim an a lim f  x   g  x   lim f  x   lim g  x   l1  l2

x α x α x α
lim n    unde b  0
 bn  lim bn b f  x  xlim f  x l
 
lim anbn   lim an  lim bn  a b unde  a,b    0,0 
lim
x α g  x 
 α  1 unde l2  0
lim g  x  l2
x α
lim g  x 
lim f  x  g  x    lim f  x    l1l2 unde  l1,l2    0,0 
x α

x α 
 x α 


REGULI DE CALCUL CU LIMITE INFINITE, EXPRIMATE FORMAL

Adunare    a   , aR cazuri de nedeterminare:
         a   , a  R  ; 
Inmultire      ,a  0
  a  
cazuri de nedeterminare:
 
  ,a  0
 a  
  ,a  0 ,a  0
        a  R* a  R* 0 ;  0
        

Impartire a
 0 , aR
 ,a  0
 
  ,a  0
  cazuri de nedeterminare:
 a   ,a  0 a ,a  0
      0
a
 0 , aR a  R* a  R* 
;
 
;

;
  ;
 0

,a  ,a  1 0 , a  1
Putere    a   a0
0 ,a  0


a 
 
0 , 0  a 
 0 ,  

a1
1
 
, 0  a  1
cazuri de nedeterminare:
a   0 ,   1
1 ;1 ;  0 ; 0 0

 0 aR * 0  0

1 1 1
Cazul   
0 0 0
Limita
functiei

2
compuse lim f  g  x    lim f  y  unde β  lim g  x 
x α y β x α