71 Process heating, power and incineration (energy applications in industry)

Geothermal heat pipes - Just how long can they 95/02958 OCF blast furnace process
Gao, 2. and Sommerville, L. D. Gangtie, 1994, 29, (6), 13-18, 37. (In
McGuinness, M. J. Mathemarics Dept., Vicmria University of Wellingron, Chinese)
PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand, Rept94-134, 1994, 9 pp. Describes an OCF (Oxygen-Coal-Flux injection) blast fumce process. In
the process a normal temperature tonnage oxygen and recycled top gas are
blasted into tuyeres, and injecting a large amount of pulverized coal and
95102947 Heat exchanger markets Impacted by recession flux; oxygen plant replaces air blast compressor and hot stoves of conven-
Energy World, Feb. 1995, (225), p. 10. tional blast furnaces. Mass and heat balances are calculated by a mathemat-
Reports that despite the wide usage throughout industry and commerce, the ical model.
heat exchanger market and manufacturing industry have suffered from the
effects of the recent recession, in common with most other types of process
equipment. 95102959 Operation of blast furnace wlth Injection of pow-
dered coke
lnada, T. et al., (Assigned to) Sumitomo Metal Ind, JAP. Par.
95102940 High-energy hydraulic hammer ratings JP.O6,248,310, Sep. 1994.
Bauer, E. E. Min. Eng. (Littleton, Cola.), 1994, 46, (7), 656-657. Describes an operation where oxidizing agents are added to powdered coke
In improved high-energy hydraulic hammers, piston energy is transmitted for injection through tuyeres into a blast furnace.
to a striking bar through hydraulic fluid. The need for a rational method for
rating hammer performance is discussed.
95102960 Operation of Kakogswa No. 1 blast furnace wlth
hlgh pulverized coal InJectIon rate
95102949 Improvement of coke savlng technology during Yamagata, Y. et al., Rev. Metall.lCah. In! Tech., 1994, 91, (3), 431-437.
smelting of converslon cast Iron Describes the operation of the Kakogawa No. 1 ironmaking blast furnace
Gordienko, V. A. et al., Metall. Gornorudn. Prom&, 1994, (l), 3-4. (In which has been improved by burden distribution and raceway condition
Russian) without accumulation of fine particles by increasing the pulverized coal
Reports that the technology parameters of an ironmaking blast furnace injection from 100 to 180 kg/ton.
leading to coke savings and overall fuel consumption decrease were deter-
mined at the Alchevsk Metallurgical complex (Ukraina).
95102961 Performance and efflclent design of packed bed
thermal storage systems. Part 1
95iQ2950 The lnterpretatlon of laser sensing measurements Sanderson, T. M. and Cunningham, G. T. Applied Energy, 1995, SO, (2),
for blast furnace operatlons and control 119-132.
Wall, P. C. et al., Rev. MetalLICah. In: Tech., 1994, 91, (3), 411-420. A simple model is presented which provides a qualitative understanding of
Describes how laser-based sensors for controlling the raceway, burden axial dispersion in packed beds. In Part 1 of this paper the model is verified
level and profile in ironmaking blast furnaces were developed and by comparison with results in the literature. Experimental vertification will
implemented. be given in Part 2. Temperature wave front velocities, storage tank geome-
try, the significance of natural convection, and convection coefficient insta-
bilities are also discussed. The efficient design of packed bed thermal
95ta2951 Lamlnar natural convectlon heat transfer In an storage systems is emphasized.
eccentric rhombic annulus
Moukalled, F. and Acharya, S. Numerical Heat Transfer, Parr A, Nov.
1994, 26, (S), 551-568. 95102962 Proceedings of the Workshop on Productlon of
Discusses the effect of vertical eccentricity on natural convection in a Llquld Iron Using Coal, 24-25 August 1994
rhombic annulus. Allied Publ., New Delhi, India, 1994, 273 pp.

95102952 Manufacture of metals and especially plg iron from
ores
De Haas, H. et al., (Assigned to) Kloeckner Stahl GmbH, GER. Offen.
DE.4,313,630, Oct. 1994.
Describes a process where the ores are smelted in a 2-stage process in the
resence of mainly C- and H-containing reducin gas obtained from solid
g ydrocarbon-containing materials comprising at ?east partly a polymer.
95102963 R & D options In newer lronmaklng processes
Gupta, S. S. and Mohanty, 0. N. Proc. Prod. Liquid Iron Using Coal
Workshop, Allied Publ., New Delhi, India, 1994, 69-86.
The authors report on a process concept which has been proposed involv-
ing gasification of high ash coal using air to generate reduction of gas low
potential and use of this gas to reduce iron ore to wustite level in the
reduction unit.

95102964 Scope of alternate lronmaklng processes In

95102953 Method for chsrglng coke Into blast furnace
today’s scenario
Ichida, M. et al,, (Assigned to) Shinnippon Seitersu KK, JAP. Pat
JP.O6,228,615, Aug. 1994. Singh, R. N. and Singh, B. N. Proc. Prod. Liquid Iron Using Coal
Workshop, Allied Publ., New Delhi, India, 1994, 41-50.
In charging a mixture of regular coke and S-100% formed coke into a blast
The authors discuss a number of smelting reduction processes, Hi-Smelt,
furnace, the packed coke layer in the blast furnace is maintained at an
AISI, DIOS, FLPR and COREX, which have been successfully developed
inclined angle varying with the percentage of the formed coke in the mix-
with a view to overcoming the limitations of existing technology and pro-
ture for smooth operation of the furnace.
duce liquid hot metal or steel through continuous process.

95102954 Method for charging of formed coke Into blast 95102965 Scope of alternatlve Iron maklng In augmentlng
furnace Indla’s steel productlon
lchida, M. et al., (Assigned to) Shinnippon Seiletsu KK, JAI? Pat. Pramanik, S. R. Proc. Prod. Liquid Iron Using Coal Workshop, Allied
JP.O6,220,511, Aug. 1994. Publ., New Delhi, India, 1994, 51-68.
Sponge iron route has already been established but it is strongly dependent
95102955 Method for InJectIon of carbon powder Into blast on electric power, and smelting reduction process based on noncoking coal
furnace is now receiving maximum attention. One such process is COREX which
Hisamune, N. er al., (Assigned to) Sumiromo Metal Ind., JAP. Pat. has already been commercial established. A few other processes are at
JP.O6,240,320, Aug. 1994. semicommerical or pilot plant stage, namely FLPR, HI-Smelt, DIOS, etc.
Describes how in a method of injection of several kinds of powdered coal
into blast furnaces, the 0 content of each coal is determined, and the 0 95102966 Search for a process to produce hot metal using
content in the O-enriched blast is adjusted according to the 0 content of the lndlan coal
powdered coal for smooth operation. Das, S. N. and Khowala, R. C. Proc. Prod. Liquid Iron Using Coal
Workshop, Allied Publ., New Delhi, India, 1994, 87-104.
95102956 Method for InJectIon of pulverized coal In blast tur- The authors discusses how the choice of a process would greatly depend
nace oractlce om the quality of raw materials, namely, iron ore and coal, simplicity in
Nakajima, R. et al., (Assigned to) Nippon Kokan KK, JAP. Pat. design of prereduction furnace and smelting reactor and the preliminary
JP.O6,212,217, Aug. 1994. techno-economics of such processes.

95102967 Steel maklna In Orlssa - Varlous ootlons

95102957 Numerlcal treatment of the boundary condltlons
Mahapatra, A. Proc. Proa: Liquid Iron Using Coal ‘Workshop, Allied
and source terms on a spot welding process wlth comblnlng
Publ., New Delhi, India, 1994, 121-135.
buoyancy-marangonl-drlven flow
Discusses steelmaking in Orissa, Bhubaneswar, India, by different
Lci, Y. P. and Shi, Y. W. Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B, Dec. 1994,
processes including use of direct reduced iron.
26, (4), 455-471.
Transient heat transfer? fluid flow, and phase change in spot welding are
simulated using a continuum model of total mass, momentum, and energy. 95102968 Technlcal vlewpolnt. Energy waste - lndustrlal
Emphasis is given to the numerical treatment of thermal and dynamic compressed alr productlon
boundary conditions and the source terms of the energy equation. Burdett, S. Energy & Environmenf 1995, 6, (l), 77-83.

212 Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1995