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 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

1 – Marks:
1. 1mm = ____ cm
Solution: 0.1

2. Instrument used to measure angle is called_____.

Solution: Protractor

3. Standard unit for measuring angle is called ______ and is denoted by ______.
0
Solution: degree,

4. (90.5)0 is called ____ angle.

Solution: Obtuse

5. 1790 is called _____ angle.

Solution: Obtuse

6. The sum of angles of a quadrilateral is _______.

Solution: 3600

7. The diagonals of an isosceles trapezium are ______.

Solution Equal

8. A sphere has _____ vertex and 0 edge.

Solution: Zero

9. Cube and cuboid has equal number of faces vertices and edges. Say True or False.
Solution: True

10. A triangular pyramid is called a ______.

Solution: Tetrahedron.

2 – Marks:
1. How many degrees are there in
(a) four right angles

1
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

1
(b) 2 right angles
2
Solution:
(a) four right angles = 4  900 = 3600.
1 1
(b) 2 right angles = 2  900
2 2
5
=  90 = 225
2

2. How many degrees are there in between the clock hands when it displays 7’0 clock.
Solution:

In between each number in it is 300

Hence we have 7 divisions between 12 and 7.
Hence total degrees = 7  300 = 2100.

3. What is the condition for two triangles to be congruent?

Solution: For the two triangles to the congruent if the corresponding sides and angles of both
the triangles should be equal to each other.

4. What is perimeter of a triangle?

Solution: Perimeter of a triangle is the sum of all three sides of a triangle.

5. Find the value of x0.

Solution:
By angle sum property of triangle, sum of angles of a triangle = 180 0.

2
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

Hence,
8 + 35 + x = 180
43 + x = 180
x = 180 − 43
x = 137

6. Find angles of a triangle which are in ratio 4 : 6 : 8

Solution: Let the angles be 4x0, 6x0, 8x0
We know that by angle sum property of triangle
4 x + 6 x + 8x = 180
18x = 180
x = 10
Hence angles are 400, 600, 800

7. Name the solid objects for each of the 3D shape

(a) cone
(b) cylinder
(c) cube
Solution:
(a) cone: Ice cream cone, funnel
(b) cylinder: Coke can, gas cylinder
(c) Cube: Rubix, dice

3 – Marks:
1. Explain the various types of triangles considering the length of their sides.
Solution: The different types of triangles based on length of side are
(a) Equilateral triangle: has all sides and all angles equal to each other.

3
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

(b) Isosceles triangle: has two sides and two angles opposite to the two sides are equal to each
other

(c) Scalene triangle: has none of the sides or angles equal to each other.

2. Explain the types of triangles considering the angles.

Solution:
The different types of triangles based on angles are
(a) Acute angled triangle: Triangle in which all the three angles are acute X , Y , Z  90

(b) Right angled triangle: Triangle in which one angle is 90 0.

B = 90

(c) Obtuse angled triangle: Triangle in which at least one angle is obtuse.
B is greater than 900 and less than 1800

4
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

4 – Marks:
1. Say True or False
(a) Equilateral triangle, each angle measures 600.
(b) A scalene triangle has two sides equal.
(c) The angle opposite to equal sides of an Isosceles triangle are equal.
(d) In a right angled triangle, sum of two acute angles is 180 0.
Solution:
(a) True
(b) False, none of the sides are equal
(c) True
(d) False, sum is 900.

2. The measure of two angles of a triangle are 720 and 550. Find the measure of third angle.
Solution:
If A, B, C are the angles of a triangle, then by angle sum property

A + B + C = 180
Hence
72 + 55 + x = 180
127 + x = 180
x = 180 − 127
x = 53

3. In ABC if 3A = 4B = 5C . Calculate A, B, C

Solution: let 3A = 4B = 5C = x
3A = x 4B = x 5C = x
x x x
A = B = C =
3 4 5
x x x
By angle sum property of triangle + + = 180
3 4 5

5
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

x x x
+ + = 180
3 4 5
1 1 1 
x  + +  = 180
3 4 5
 20 + 15 + 12 
x   = 180
 60 
 47 
x   = 180
 60 
180  60
x = = 229.78
47
x x x
Hence, A = = 76.5, B = = 57.4, C = = 45.9
3 4 5

4. Explain the following

(a) convex quadrilateral
(b) concave quadrilateral
Solution:
(a) Convex quadrilateral: has each of the interior angle is less than 180 0.

(b) Concave quadrilateral: has one of the interior angle greater than 180 0.

5 – Marks:
1. Define the following:
(a) Acute angle
(b) Right angle
(c) Obtuse angle
(d) Straight angle

6
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

(e) Complete angle

(f) Zero angle
Solution:
(a) Acute angle: Angle less than 900 is called acute angle

(b) Right angle: Angle equal to 900.

(c) Obtuse angle: Angle greater than 900 less than 1800

(d) Straight angle: Angle equal to 1800.

(e) Complete angle: Angle equal to 3600.

(f) Zero angle: Angle equal to 00.

2. State the type of angle

(a)

(b)

7
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Solution:
(a) Straight angle
(b) Right angle
(c) Obtuse angle
(d) Zero angle
(e) Acute angle

8
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

(f) Reflex angle

3. Explain difference between Square and Rectangle.

Solution:
Square Rectangle

a. All sides are equal a. Only opposite sides are equal.

b. All angles are 900. b. All angles are 900.
c. Two pairs of parallel lines. c. Two pairs of parallel lines.

4. Explain similarity between Rhombus and Parallelogram.

Solution:
Rhombus Parallelogram

a. Has two pairs of parallel sides. a. Has two pairs of parallel sides.
b. Has all sides equal b. Has opposite sides equal
c. Diagonal bisect each other c. Diagonal bisect each other.

5. Say True or False

(a) Parallelogram has both the diagonals are equal.
(b) The diagonals of a rectangle are perpendicular to each other.
(c) A square is also a parallelogram
(d) The diagonals of a rhombus are equal.
Solution:
(a) True
(b) False

9
 Chapter 5 – Understanding elementary Shapes

(c) True
(d) True

6. Write the number of faces, edges and vertices of

(a) square based pyramid
(b) Triangular based prism
Solution:
(a) Square based pyramid
Faces = 4
Edges = 8
Vertices = 1
(b) Triangular based prism
Faces = 5
Edges = 9
Vertices = 6

10
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