Example_3-5_Array.

mcd 12/12

Example 3-5 Ground plane backed half wave dipole

The g. p. is in the xy-plane. The dipole is parallel to the x-axis and 0.25 wl in front of the g. p. on
the z-axis. By steering the beam to θo=0 has the effect of making the image dipole 180 deg out
of phase. The approach is to image the dipole in the g. p., forming a two element array.

Inputs:
d  0.5 Element spacing in wavelengths
N  2 Number of elements
The array factor
 π  cos ( θ) 
f ( θ)  sin   (3-71)
2 

The array factor θ  0 1  360

90
120 60
0.8
150 0.6 30
0.4
0.2
f ( θ deg ) 180 0 0

210 330

240 300
270

θ deg
The element pattern in the E-plane
ϕ  0

 π  sin ( θ  deg  0.01)  cos ( ϕ  deg)

cos  
2 
g ( θ)  Half-wave dipole parallel to
2 2 x-axis; see (Example 8-7)
1  sin ( θ  deg  0.01)  cos ( ϕ  deg)
Example 3-5 (page 2)

Polar plot of the element pattern in the E-plane

gmag ( θ)  g ( θ) θ  0 1  360

90
120 60
0.8
150 0.6 30
0.4
0.2
gmag( θ) 180 0 0

210 330

240 300
270

θ deg

The total array pattern in the E-plane

F ( θ)  g ( θ)  f ( θ)

Fmag ( θ)  F ( θ)

Polar plot of the total array pattern in the E-plane

θ  0 1  360

90
120 60
0.8
150 0.6 30
0.4
0.2
Fmag( θ deg) 180 0 0

210 330

240 300
270

θ deg
Example 3-5 (page 3)

Polar plot of the element pattern in the H-plane

ϕ  90

 π  sin ( θ  deg  0.01)  cos ( ϕ  deg)

cos  
2 
g ( θ) 
2 2
1  sin ( θ  deg  0.01)  cos ( ϕ  deg)

Polar plot of the element pattern in the H-plane

gmag ( θ)  g ( θ) θ  0 1  360

90
120 60
0.8
150 30
0.4
gmag( θ) 180 0 0

210 330
240 300
270

θ deg
The total array pattern in the H-plane
F ( θ)  g ( θ)  f ( θ)
Fmag ( θ)  F ( θ)

Polar plot of the total array pattern in the H-plane

θ  0 1  360

90
120 60
0.8
150 0.6 30
0.4
0.2
Fmag( θ deg) 180 0 0

210 330

240 300
270

θ deg
Example 3-5 (page 4)

Directivity
cos 
 π  sin ( θ  0.01)  cos ( ϕ) 

2 
g ( θ ϕ) 
2 2
1  sin ( θ  0.01)  cos ( ϕ)

π
2π
 2
  2
Ω    ( g ( θ ϕ)  f ( θ) )  sin ( θ) dθ dϕ Beam solid angle; see (2-142)
 
0 0

4π
D ( d)  Directivity; see (2-144)
Ω

D ( d)  5.63942
DdB  10  log ( D ( d) )

DdB  7.512