1st Quiz – Thermodynamics (Closed book), 23 September 2020, 60 minutes

Available points = 180 pts (pick your problems wisely, you only need to accumulate 100 points)

1. Classify the following variable as extensive or intensive variable: (10 pts)

a. Pressure f. Kinetic Energy
b. Temperature g. Volume
c. Density h. Mass
d. Heat Capacity i. Length
e. Viscosity j. Heat
2. Answer the following questions clearly & briefly: (15 pts)
a. When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system is considered as heat and when
is it considered as work?
b. What is an adiabatic process? What is an adiabatic system?
c. What is point/state and path functions? Give some examples.
3. The water in a tank is pressurized by air, and the pressure is measured by a multi-fluid manometer
as shown in Figure-1. Determine the gage pressure of air in the tank if h1= 0.2 m, h2= 0.3 m, and h3=
0.46 m. Take the densities of water, oil, and mercury to be 1,000 kg/m3 , 850 kg/m3, and 13,600
kg/m3, respectively, assume the gravity is 10 m/s2 (40 pts)

(Figure-1)

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4. Specific heat is defined as the amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of a unit mass
of a substance by one degree. The specific heat of water at room temperature is 4.18 kJ/kg °C in SI
unit system. Using the unit conversion, express the specific heat of water in (10 pts)
(a) Btu/lbm °R
(b) kCal/kg °C
5. If it is known that the value of R (universal gas constant) is 8.314 J/mol K. What is the value of R in
ft3. lb/in2/lbmol. °R? (10 pts)
6. A mass of 10 kg undergoes a process during which there is heat transfer from the mass to the
environment at a rate of 5 kJ per kg, an elevation decreases of 50 m, and an increase in velocity
from 5 m/s to 45 m/s. The specific internal energy decreases by 5 kJ/kg and the acceleration of
gravity is constant at 10 m/s2 Determine the work for the process (in kJ) and whether the work done
by the system or to the system? (35 pts)
7. Each line of the following table gives data, in Btu, for a process of a closed system. If the sign
convention is Work marked as negative when it is done by the system to its environment, determine
the missing table entries in Btu (E1= Total Energy at initial condition, E2= Total Energy at final
condition): (10 pts)
Process Q W E1 E2 ΔE
A +40 +15 +15
B +5 +7 +22
C -4 +10 -8
D -10 -10 +20
E +3 -3 +8
8. An elevator with a mass of 2268 kg rests at a level 7.62 m above the base of an elevator shaft. It is
raised to 76.2 m above the base of the shaft, where the cable holding it breaks. The elevator falls
freely to the base of the shaft and strikes a strong spring (assume the spring height is negligible). The
spring is designed to bring the elevator to rest and, by means of a ratchet (a mechanical device that
allows movement in only one direction) mechanism, to hold the elevator at the position of
maximum spring compression. Assuming the entire process to be frictionless, and taking g = 9.8066
m.s-2, calculate: (50 pts)
a. The potential energy of the elevator in its initial position relative to the base of the shaft
b. The potential energy of the elevator in its highest position relative to the base of the shaft
c. The work done in raising the elevator
d. The kinetic energy and velocity of the elevator just before it strikes the spring
e. The potential energy of the fully compressed spring

Hints:
- Write all the known/given, unknown, and assumed variable
- Answers must be written in English
- Draw a sketch to give illustration to the problem
- Write the unit of measure
- Use maximum of four digits behind the decimal mark

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 Conversion tables:
1 kJ = 0.9478 btu
1 kg = 2.2046 lbm
1 kcal = 4.1868 kJ
1 kmol = 2.2046 lbmol
1 m = 3.2808 ft
1 bar = 14.5038 psi
1 Hp.h = 2544.4300 btu
1 bar = 100.0000 kPa

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