AWS A5.9/A5.9M:2017 (ISO 14343:2009 MOD) An American National Standard Welding Consumables—Wire Electrodes, Strip Electrodes, Wires, and Rods for i Arc Welding of i Stainless and Heat Resisting Steels— Classification SARE eer pon anes Pe At ty & PTR aU Tae 8 a é RaAWS A5.9/A5.9M:2017 (ISO 14343:2009 MOD) ‘An American National Standard Approved by ‘American National Standards Institute December 09, 2016 Welding Consumables—Wire Electrodes, Strip Electrodes, Wires, and Rods for Arc Welding of Stainless and Heat Resisting Steels—Classification 9th Edition ‘Supersedes AWS A5.9/A5.9M:2012 Prepared by the ‘American Welding Society (AWS) AS Commitee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials Under the Direction ofthe AWS Technial Activities Committee Approved by the AWS Board of Directors Abstract This specification preseribes the requirements for classification of bare solid stainless steel electrodes (both as wire and ‘tip for gas metal are welding, submerged are welding, and other fusion welding processes. It also includes wire and ‘ods for use in gas tungsten arc welding and plasma ac welding. Classification is based on chemical composition of the filler metal. A guide is appended to the specification asa source of information concerning the elasifcation system employed and th intended use ofthe stainless ste! filler metal. This specification does not include any units other than weight percent. The specification’s Annex A makes use of both US. Customary Unis andthe lternational System of Units (SI), Since these are not equivalent, each system must be used independently of the other American Welding Society”[AWS AS 9/45 M2017 (0 140482008 MOD) ISBN; 978.0-87171-905-8 © 2017 by American Welding Society All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America “ron 0 a0 STE ica PATE “Dn 5 Am FOAL Ay mh eH yee ee eso Photocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any orm, including mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior writen permission ofthe copyright, Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, oF educational classtoom use only or the interna, personal, or «educational classroom use only of specific eens is granted by the American Welding Society provided that he appropri ate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rasewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Intemet: AWS AS.SIAS.9M-2017 (SO 14048-2009 MOD) Statement on the Use of American Welding Society Standards AWS American National Standans ae developed through a consensus standans development process tht brings tepeter volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus, While AWS administers the pron, ‘3s and establishes rules to promote fimessin the devclopment of consensus, it doesnot independently test, evaluate or verify the accuracy of any information or te soundness of any judgments contained in ts standasds ‘AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons orto property. or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, oF compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or velianes on this standard. 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Such requests shouldbe addressed tothe American Welding Society, Attention: Managing Director, Standards Development, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (ace Annex B), With ‘gar o technical inquiries made conceming AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These Opinions are offered solely asa convenience to uses ofthis standard, and they do not constitute professional advice, Such pinion represent only the personal opinions ofthe particular individuals giving them. These individuals do no speak ‘on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute offical or unoficial opinions or interpretation of AWS: In adds tion, oral opinions ar informal and should not be used a a substitute for an oficial interpretation, This standard is subject to revision at any ime by the AWS AS Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials. It must be reviewed every five yeas, andif not revise it must be ether reafirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations ‘additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are requested and should bo ‘addressed to AWS Headquarters, Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS A$ Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials andthe author ofthe comments willbe informed of the Committe's response to the com. ‘ments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS AS Commitee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials to expres ther vomments verbally, Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision conceming all such comments are pro. Vided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained fron. the ‘American Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166, i : ef r ii : d a 5 3 3 2 ‘This page is intentionally blank.AWS AB.IAS.962017 (180 14049:2008 MOO) Personnel AWS AS Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials HD. Wehr, Chair R, D. Fuchs, 2nd Vice Chair R. K. Gupta, Secretary T-Anderson eC. Bundy JL. Caron G.L. Chouinard D.D. Crockett R.V. Decker D.M. Fedor 4.G. Feldstein DLA. Fink G.L. Franke RLM. Henson 8.D. Kiser P.1.Konkol D.J. Koteeki LG. Kvidaht AY. Law JS Lee JR. Logan Co McEvoy 1: Mel MT. Merlo K.M. Merlo-Joseph B. Mosier TC. Myers B.A, Pletcher J.D. Prater KC. Pruden K.Roossinck. K. Sampath J.D, Schaefer A. Sehweighardt W.S. Severance ME. Sinfield Areas Industries LLC Foestalpine Bohler Welding USA Incorporated American Welding Society IFW Welding North America Hobart Brothers Compeny Haynes teternationa, Incorporated ‘Stoody Company (a dlvision of ESAB) Consuitant Weldstar The Lincoln Blecirie Company Foster Wheeler North America The Lincoln Elecric Company Consultant Harris Produets Group Consultant Concurrent Technologies Corporation Damian Kovecki Welding Consultants Ingalls Shipbuilding Canadian Welding Bureau Chevron Babcock & Wileas Consultant The Lincoln Electric Company Consultant Apeks Supercritical Polymet Corporation Lutech Rescurces Bechel Nulleld Incorporated BP Americas Ingalls Shipbuilding Chart Indusvies Tr Tool, Incorporated Ait Liquide Industrial US LP Consultant Naval Surface Warfare Center GE Oil & Gas Shell EDG Consultant Buroweld, Limited Indaieo Alloys Ine of Lincoln Electric Advisors to AWS AS Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials D.R. Bajek 4. Beekham Chicago Bridge & tron Fiat Chrysler Automobiles i iAWS AS AS ON-Z01T (SO 143432009 MOD) JM, Blackbum K.P. Campion D.A. DelSignore J.DeVito W.D. England S.B, Ferree RJ. Fox 0. Henderson S.Imaoka 8.1. Knostman WA. Mattila R. Menon R.A. Miller M.A. Quintana PK. Salvesen M.J. Sullivan M.D, Tumuluru HJ. White Naval Sea Systems Command Central Wire Industries Consultant Consultant TW Welding North America Consultant Hobart Brothers Company Trinity Industries, Incorporated Kobe Sieel Limited Hobart Brothers Company WaMeom Consulting LLC ‘Stoody Company (a dlvision of ESAB) Kennametal, eotporated The Lincoln Eleirie Company Det Norske Veritas (DNV) ‘SSCO-Natl Steel & Shipbuilding US Stee! Corporation PCC Energy Group AWS ASD Subcommittee on Stainless Steel Filler Metals D. J. Kotecki, Chair FB, Lake, Vice Chair RK. Gupta, Secretary RV. Decker D.A. DelSignore TJ. Eckardt 1.G. Feldstein RD. Fuchs. M. James: 8.1. Knostman W.P. Koegel GA. Kuisky MT. Med S.J. Merrick R.A, Swain G.P.Villemsez H.D. Wehr JM. Zawoday Damian Kotecki Welding Consultants ‘Stood Company (a division of ESAB) ‘American Welding Society Weldstar Consultee Select-Are, Incorporated Foster Wheeler North America Yoestalpine Bohler Welding USA Incorporated The Lincoln Electric Company Hobart Brothers RAV Industrie. Ine Contultant Consultant The Lincoln Elecrie Company Euroweld, Limited Kobelco Welding of America Arcos Industries, LLC Voestalpine Bohler Welding USA, Inc Advisors to the AWS ASD Subcommittee on Stainless Steel Filler Metals, FS. Bal K.P.Campion RE, Cantrell K.K. Gupta S.Imaoka LK. Ishizaki S.R Jana J. 8. Ogbomm 1.6, Wallin ¥. Yokota Sandvik Materials Technology Central Wire Industries Constellation Energy Nuclear Group Westinghouse Blecrie Corp Kobe Seel Lid Kobelco Welding of America In. Contultant The Lincoln Blecirie Company ‘Sioody Company (a division of BSAB) Kobeleo Welding of America Ine. ! iAUIS 5.9/8. 9M2017 (80 14942008 M00) Foreword This foreword is not part of this standard, bu is incuded for informational purposes only ‘The frst specification for bare stainless stel electrodes and rods was prepared in 1983 by a joint committee of the American Society for Testing and Materials andthe American Welding Society. The joint committe algo prepared the 1962 revision. The first revision prepared exclusively by the AWS AS Committee on Filler Metal and Allied Materials 1as published in 1969. This i the fst revision with modified adoption of ISO 14343, Document Development The caent revision isthe ninth revision ofthe orginal 1953 document. The volition tok place a follows: ASTM A37L-S3T Temative Specifications for Corrosion Resisting Chromium and AWSAS9-53T Chromium-Nickel Stee! Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes ASTM A371-62T Tentative Specifications for Corrasion Resisting Chromium and AWSAS9.627 Ciromiun-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes AWS.AS.9.69 ‘Specification for Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and ANSI W3.9-1973, Ciromiums-Nickel Stel Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes AWS AS9-Add 1-75 Addenda to Specification for Corrosion-Resisting Chromium and Cirominn-Nickel Steel Welding Rods and Bare Electrodes AWSAS9.77 Specification for Corrosion Resisting Chromium anal Chromiur-Nickel Steel Bare and Composite Metal Cored and Stranded Are Welding Electrodes and Welding Rods AWSAS9-81 ‘Specification for Corrosion Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nicke! Stet Bare and Composite Metal Cored and Stranded Welding Electrodes and Welding Rods AWSAS9.93, ‘Specification for Bare Stainless Steet Welding Electrodes ana Rods AWSASSIA5.9M:2006 Specification or Bare Stainless Steet Welding Electrodes and Rods AWSASSIAS9M:2012 Specification for Bare Stainless Stel Welding Electrodes and Rods ‘This i the frst revision of AWS AS.9/AS.9M that includes classifications from ISO 14343. Numerous classifications ‘used in Europe or in counties around the Pactic Rim are added by this adoption ofthe ISO standard. Please note that 180 uses commas (,) and AWS uses periods () for desimals. The ISO decimal commas have been replaced by periods in this document for consistene. Attention is drawn to the possiblity that some of the elements ofthis document may be the subject of patent rights, SO ‘or AWS shall not be held responsible fr identifying any or all sch patent rights, ‘Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent tothe Secretary, AWS AS Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials, American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St # 130, Miami, FL 33166, { : i : I i i 3 i ;eid mara ceed is 8: AWS AS 9/85 9M:2017 (ISO 149482008 MOD) ‘This page is intentionally blank:[ANS A5.9I5 9442017 180 14949-2008 MOD) Introduction Wis recognized tht there are two somewhat different approaches inthe global market oelasifying a given stainless stel ‘welding consumable, and tht either or both ean be used to suit a particular market need, One is the nominal composition approach, which uses designators to indicate the principal alloying elements at their nominal levels, in a particular sequence, and which is sometimes fllowed by chemical element symbols ta indiate compositional modifications tothe original grade. The other i te ally ‘pe approach, which uses traition-based three- or fourdigit designations for cer- ‘ain original grades, sometimes followed by one or more chemical element symbols indicating compositional modifica: ions ofthe original. In both approaches, classification is based upon the chemical composition ofthe product. In many cases, a given product canbe elasstied using both approaches, because the composition ranges, although slighty ditfer- ent, overlap to a considerable extent between the 10, Designation by cither type of classification, oF both where suitable, identifies product as being classified according to this AWS standard. Many, but not all, commercial products addressed by this AWS standard can be classified using both approaches, and suitable products can be so marked, Classification according to system A, by nominal composition, based mainly onthe European standard EN 12072 Welding consumables—Wire elecirades, wires, and rods for are weld ing of stainless and heat-resisting steels Classification, while that of system B, by alloy type, is mainly based upon standards used around the Pacific Rim including AWS AS.9/AS.9M:2012 Specification for Bare Stainless Ste! Welding Blecirades and Rods. For stainless stecl welding consumables, there is no unique relationship between the product form (ire electrode, strip clectrode, wire, or rod) and the welding process used (gas-shielded metal arc welding, gas tungsten are welding, plasma are welding, submerged arc welding, electroslag welding, ad laser beam welding). For this reason, the wire electrode, strip electrodes, wires, or rods can be classified on the basis of any ofthe above product forms and ean be used, a8 appro ‘rate, for more than one ofthe above processesANS AS.IA5 9NZOIT (SO 14948-2000 MOD) pone pea i ‘This page is intentionally blank.‘AWS AS.OIAS.942017 (150 14949-2000 MOD) Table of Contents Personnel Foreword... Introduction. List of Tables. List of Figures 1. Scope... 2. Normat i i i : j fe References 3. Terma and Definitions 2 : 4. Clasitcation 2 i 5. Acceptance 6 4 6 Cerincation.. 6 : 7. Rounding Procedure 6 i i steteeyieheris ss. ..-ssis css. ee z 9. Retest . 7 i 10. Properties of All-Weld Metal. 7 a Mh. Chemical Analysis 7 i 12, Method of Manufacture .. 7 i 13. Technical Delivery Conditions 7 : 14, Examples of AWS Clas 8 i Annex A (informative) Guide to AWS AS.9/A5.9M:2017 (ISO 14345:2009 MOD) i ‘Welling Consumables Wie Electrodes, Sip Electrodes, Wires, nd Rods fr Are : Welding o Staines nd Hest Resisting Steels—Classifation 9 F Annex B (Informative) Guidlines forthe Preparation of Technical Inquires : 3 g ‘Annes C (Infermatve}—Lis of Deviations from ISO 1434-2009 35 5 ‘AWS Fler Metal Speifictons by Materia and Welding Process : : 36 ' {AWS File Metal Specifications and Related Documents nieces 7 i iAVES AS 985 96:2017 (160 143452009 MOD) This page is intentionally blank.AVIS AB QINB.OM2017 (160 14343:2008 MOD) List of Tables Table Page No. i 1 Chemical Composition Requirements eee, Z AL Variations of Alloying Elements for Submerged Arc Welding of Stainless Steel... 4 Ei ‘A2— Traditional AWS AS.9 Alloy Designations with Corresponding UNS Numbers and i [earet Nominal Composition Designations are ear a A3 Expected (Typical) Minimum All-Weki-Metal Mechanical Propery Reguiremeats i fiom AWS ASA/AS4M2012 andr ISO 3581:2003..-. ; 28 2 AA Discontinued Classifiations 29 5 2 i List of Figure 8 : z Figure Page No. i AL -WRC-1992 Digrm for Snes Ste! Weld Met... evsvsesesseeeeeee 1s 5 ioles nia cent ta Wah 20-4 ‘ANS AS 188 04-2017 (80 14243-2000 MOD) ‘This page is intentionally blank.‘AWS A 9185.9042017 (SO 14949-2009 MOD) Welding Consumables—Wire Electrodes, Strip Electrodes, Wires, and Rods for Arc Welding of Stainless and Heat Resisting Steels—Classification 1. Scope 1.1 This specification preseribes requirements for the classification of bare stainless steel wire eletrodes (including stranded wire in which all wires inthe rand are from one heat), stip electrodes, wires, and rods for gas metal are welding, gas tungsten are welding, plasma are welding, submerged are welding. electoslag welding, and laser beam welding of stainless and heat resisting steels. The classification ofthe wire electrodes strip electrodes, wires, and rods is based upon their chemical composition. The chromium content of these filler metals isnot less than 10.5% and the iron ‘content exceeds that of any other element. For purposes of classification, the iron content shall be derived as the balance element when all other elements are considered to beat their minimum specified value, 1.2 Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard and, therefore are not fully addressed herein. Some safety and health information can be found in Informative Annex Clauses A6 and A112. Safety and heath infomation is available from other sources, including, but aot limited 10, ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cuting, and Allied Processes, ae applicable federal and tat regulations. 1.3 This specticaion’s Annex A makes use of both U.S. Customary Units and the Intemational System of Unit (SD). The measurements are not exact equivalents. The specification designated AS.9 uses U.S, customary units in its Annex A and the specification designated A5.9M uses SI units in its Annex A. The latter units are shown within brackets [Jor ia appropriate columns in tables and figures. 2. Normative References 2.1 The documents listed below are referenced within this publication and are mandatory tothe exten specified here For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard shall apply 2.2 The following AWS standards! are referenced in the normative setions of this document 1 AWS A3.0M/A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions 2. AWSAS.OIM/AS.01 (ISO 14344 MOD), Welding Consumables—Procuremen of Filler Metals and Fluses 3. AWS AS.02/AS.02M, Specification for Filler Metal Standard Sizes, Packaging, and Physical Auributes 4. AWS P32, Ventilation Guide for Welding Fume 23 ‘The following ANSI standards referenced inthe normative sections of this document, 1. ANSI 249.1, Softy in Welding, Cutrng, ad Allied Processes. "AWS sands are published by the American Welding Sociry, 8569 NW 36 St 130, Miami, FL. 33166 2 ANSI-Z49 Lis published by the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 StH 130, Miami, FL 33166 ast So ero aon RUE nS‘AWS AS 9185 9M:2017 (80 149482008 MOD) 24 The following ASTM standards" are ceferenced in the normative sections ofthis document 1. ASTM E 29, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications 2. ASTM E 353, Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat Resisting, Maraging. and Other Similar Chromiun-Nickel-lron Alloys 25 The following ISO standards are reference in the normative sections ofthis document: |. ISO 544, Welding consumables—Technical delivery conditions for welding filler materials—Ispe of product, dimensions, tolerances and markings 2. ISO 14344, Welding and allied processes—Fux and gas shielded electrical welding processes—Procurement guidelines for consumables 3, 180 800001, Quamities and units —Part 1: General 3. Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this specification, the following terms and definitions apply 3 Rod Form of welding filler meta, normally packaged in straight length, that doesnot conduct the welding current, ‘generally used in gas tungsten are an plasma are welding. 32 Strip Electrode Form of welding filler metal, normally packaged as coils, having a rectangulat eross section of ‘width much greater than thickness, that becomes part of the Welding circuit through which current is conducted, and that terminates at the are for submerged are welding, or atte slg bath for electroslag welding, 33 Wire Form of welding filler metal, normally packaged as cols, spools, or drums, that doesnot conduct the welding ‘curent, generally used for gas tungsten arc, plasma arc, and laser beam welding, 3.4 Wire Electrode Form of welding filler metal, normally packaged as coils spools, or drums, that becomes part of the ‘Welding cireuit through which electrical current is concucted, and tha terminates a the are; generally used in gas metal are and submerged are welding, 4, Classification 41 General A wire electrode. strip clectroe, wire, or ro shall be classified aecording to ts chemical composition as siven in Table 1 The classification is divi ed ino two pars (@) theres gives a symbol indicating the product/orocess to be identitieds (6) ‘the second gives a symbol indicating the chemical composition of the wire electrode, strip electrode, wire, or rod. See Clause 14 for examples of AWS Classifications/Designations, 42 Materials may be clasified under more than one classification provided they mest all the requirements of those classifications as specified in Table I. When assigning clasificaton/designation to a product, subclass 43A vith classification according to nominal composition (Nominal Compesition Designation column of Table 1) shall be used. independently of subclass 4.38 with classification according to alloy type (Traditional AWS AS. Alloy Designation column of Table 1), and vice versa {ASTM standards are published by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshobockon, PA 19428-2989 “180 standards are published by Intemational Organization for Standardization; ISO Cateal Seretaiat; Chemin de Blandoacet 8, (Case pstle 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switerland i i 4 i a i 5 yee ehh E62 er e's eo Mo rt antigo aterg Is rid, Wy Clete ates (LUE, msc ce {suneen) 3 = = — wo wm oF = omen sto 3 = = y= ie oo sseere sco oror Sto A = = 0 ovooro too oo ot over cio oo = = = Scere oot oest tion fo 5 = = to Ne tte ose seo Mose 500 $ = a eal ee ee LO Stow amos v0 3 = = % = wm mm $0 oto ios srsca 8 = = = fe mm te 50 owen oleae = 2 oesre pSeearow danny ee $0 owen vuon stom “nmse = = = — «0 = fo 0 seore so Steve ons Stowe ate § omevriann ax fo = fo mp me “00 aint 3 giao AN 50 Fmt #00 = 5 oo wrmasn an so = of fe se £0 ance 2 = =e = ae wo a io = = = = fm wo Se foo oor 2 ey Eat seal = mo mo oF £00 = g = = = om woo 29 omnoe 2 = = se = om Bee oso to cose = =f = oe oD rw ose foo = = =o = a tao otto Osco tno = = uo = fo me Bo Grol foo = Se ae swe sseoz foo = = fo = eo 0 ssoaco Seo too = = he = fe me ro oson to = = ye ee ree emo ae Greate sioyoo — ateie = = 5 = ie ino sonore oso Bo = wo moro $0 eo-aro100 Boo “ort Stzstt woos gNolle = = = eo iso too stor diecast “too = = = f= mo ie Po oon to cow = = = Be be exer 00 ~ = =f = Bo mo sro Sieve ews te66t = = % = fo wo wrss0 ase 0 ~ = = = go mo “oo Gist =o agar = = = em woore foo < = = = ae me feeore Ouse wows = = = =o Be corso 00 = = = #9 = fo too sovceen m0 = = = ww = wo me Mer anes = = =e = oe to exec owess newo we = = a arvore tao mor” Fersor vores "soo = oe so oreo ty 90 mt voree siews soo = ae = 0 trom two fo eres vous cues aro = we ecoora Sowers (00 _f00 ‘wo _ veo oreo foo = a a ‘EHO Poin womb eats muntoN. SAY RODN PE, Sivowsunbay uonisodwon jeomwoyD beige.ae season 2 a Stair = “or . ocear0 : ae £0911 801 = i. Es oon Ee _ mab w = = aN a = x = - x = ae x = i aN = sit = = sooo = | a ue a — oe 2 5 ee an . 7 i i 3 = e : = = vl 3 a ee 3 —— es 2 ‘squewesmnbey uonsodwios jeo1wayD g (Panunued) 1 sige[ANS AS. 942017 (ISO 14349:2009 MOD) Lillie 1esBe Weert fo roa mroro orst strv6t 8 Sieprviiiieese ePirirritigid ‘an won ‘squouiesinbey uonisoduioD jeo1WeyD (penunuod) 1 e1geLAWS AS IAS 94.2017 {0 143452009 MOD) 43 Symbols for Products/Processes 4.3A Chasitcaion according nominal composition | 438 Clasiication avording to alley ie (tadklonal AWSASS) ‘The symbol for the wire electrode, stp cece, wire, or sod | No symbole used to india the welding proces. ‘wed in the re welding proces shall othe letra fous The symbol sold sess an eat esting sl wir cecudes, ies, and rods foruse in al welding prosesses shal be the ters + “W" Fores ungten are welding, “38°. The intial "S" indicotes sold wie as distinguished fom covered -fetod orfm ibulareoed wires or fbr ered ods. The Second ints that he lly sytem stiles or tei +9" fr ndmered ar weg, Ste. Altera he waditonal “ER” may be sed stead ofS" + *B" far submerged are welding or elocwolag welding | TH Sesons"ER" and “SS" are fly mterchangzable ace The symbol sri electrodes for use in submerged ac welding or letra welding shall be the leters “BS” The "Bina a +L fe ase beam wlding Sti electrode, while the“ in “BS” indicates thatthe sly system is stones or hetesisting stl. Altera ths raitonal “EO may be wedi plce of BS"—The designators “EQ” and "BS" ae See Clause Id fo designation examples fly imerchangeabe The symbol for standed wire in which al he wires ae fom one tet shalbe eters ERS” ‘The appropiate symbol above placed atte begining ofthe designation Note ht he compost filer meta withthe letrs“EC” are now specified under AWS AS52245 22M + 90" for gus meta are welding, +P" for plasma are welding, place at the beginning ofthe designation. Soe Cause 14 for designation examples 44 Symbols for Chemical Composition The symbols presented in Table { indicate the chemical composition ofthe Wire electrode, strip electrode, wite, or rod determined using the analysis specified in Clause 11. See Note} in Table 5. Acceptance Acceptance’ ofthe material shal be in accordance with the provisions of AWS AS.01M/AS.O1 (ISO 14344 MOD). 6. Certification By affixing the AWS specification and classification designations to the packaging, or the classification to the product, the manufacturer certifies thatthe product meets the requirements of ths specification. 7. Rounding Procedure For the purpose of determining compliance withthe requirements of this standard, the actual test values obtain shall be subjected to the sounding rules of ASTM E 29 or Rule in Clause B.3 of ISO 80 000-1 (the results ae the same) Ifthe measured values are obtained by equipment calibrated in unis other than those of the specified limit, the measured values shall be converted to the units of the specified limit before rounding. fan average value is to be compared to the specified limit, rounding shall be done only after caleulating the average. An observed oF calculated value shall be rounded to the ‘nearest unt in the lst right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting values for other quantities. The rounded ‘results shall fulfil the requirements for the classification under test, * See Annex Cause A3, Acceptance, for futher information concerning acceptance, testing ofthe material shipped, ond AWS ASOIMASO1 USO 14344 MOD). “See Annex Clase Ad, Certification, for further information concerning erfication and he testing called or to meet this requirement,[AWS 45.915 M2017 (10 148482008 MOD) 8, Summary of Tests Chemical analysis ofthe bare stainless steel wire electrodes, strip electrodes, wires, and rods is the only test required for | — 22111 ential 300LSi_|_S3098T BBLse Lower Cr and Ni limits higher Simanimam 309Mo | _$30982 = = 309LMo | _S30986 B22 Lower Gr limit wider Nivange higher Mo maximum, wider Sirange 30LMeD> | — 203 3L Tentcal S09LN | — 2312N Higher C imi, lower Cr and Ni ims, igher Simic no Nb mia B09END | — 2 12 NO ential 310__| $3080 2520 Tower Cr and Wi anges, wider i = = 2520 Mat = = = 25201 5 SIO = = = 3108" = = = = = 25222ND = = = 26235N" = 32 | sige 209 Higher Ni lini wider Sirange 316 | si1680 = = 316si | s3ist1 = = 3164 |_ss1680 ae, Wider Sings 316L__|S31683 I23L Tiigher Me minimum, no Siminimam Siete | — = = 3i6Lsi_| sarees | 191235 Higher Mo minim, higher maximum Si6LMn | 31682 | 20 163 MaND> Higher Mo maximum, wider Si range = = 20 163. Mn L* = Si [$3780 = = Sif s3i783 Tess overran nto oa Wer inl wir Sirange a sara T9T34ES | Toner Crvange over Nii higher Mo and Ma Tins, wider Strange (Continued) 7 i i iAWS AB 148 0N:2017 (80 142432009 MOD) Table A.2 (Continued) ‘Traditional AWS A5.9 Alloy Designations with Corresponding UNS Numbers and Nearest Nominal Composition Designations Tit AWS AST ‘ewes Noni Composon ley Dagon ‘iy Ospmton ; Ty] UNS | Nominal Conposion Daa Taal AVS nd UNS Nbr . gation | nanine_| “Ally Desa se compas : Pea eee op iant = i ss eee GSN = : as Siar | wa Tigi No minima, 0 Soc Noma 3 a = = 320 [aor = = ak —[ woo? = = aa ssaiie = = 330 N06 _| soe ier rive tinge Siam a and a= 28350 = 37 S| Te Cmca mn oN ima Ba [ sss sm aver rsa, ihr Sst no Nb mire oo Ss = 381 | Woe | —27 5 ca [igri we Cran i ang ge a 35 [Niobe] —20255Cu1 —] Higher ©, wir rng ig Numan wer tgs, hgh Mn nd Singer aim = aan = 9 [sion = = zoe [- sian = = 310 [SR igi Casino gi Clie wd ST a Higher Cad Cr mavina, over Niranimum, higher Mo maximum: ‘ee spat a7 ay ne aa REN Soe TEPER Hn = = a0 S “220_[_ Sa = = 30__[_ $4300 Ta ‘Higher Clini higher Cr lini ghar Ma and Sime ONT = = Ee BON LN ‘Lower Clit highs Cr range, igher Ma lini narrower Nb range a9 = = = = Ee = GLNo | Saaea7 = = 30 | Si7480 = = Ts-1087 | S30480 Dow ‘Wider Cr range, higher Mn Tn, wider Strange, ao specific Nbor Tr iit Tee | S688 ieee ‘Wier Siang, higher Mo and Mia maxima 2209 | s30209 293NT ‘Wider Cand Ni anges, higher Mo asim, wider Min ange higher ‘i maximum. higher N minimum Bor [seam BIND dence = = 25721 = 2555 _ | Sa9ist = = = S 2593 uNT = 2s S37780 2594NL Tenia 3531 | 20035 = I 3556 | R30sS6 = = «Speeds clase wih aust oni conpostion designations ao my ot, fl within he atonal AWS ASP ad UNS mae omposten its mth sae ow of ti ae. In eral, ays was maa conpostion designs hve wer 5, Mo, nl Cu asta Wt thet lemons ae reste * Compoaton desi fora new casietion imported fem 190 14345 209, ou foal in AWS AS AS 92012. 18[AWS AS.QIAS0M:2017 (80 149482008 MOD) A8.5 R307, The nominal composition (wt %) of this clsstication is 21 Cr, 9.5 Ni, 4 Mn, and | Mo, and the allweld metal microstructure is normally austenite with a small amount of ferrite Filler metals of this classification are used primarily for moderate-trength welds with good erack resistance between dissimilar steels such as austenitie manganese steel and carbon ste! forgings or castings. A846 G 188 Mn. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification i 18 Cr, 8 Ni and 6 Mn, andthe all-weldl metal microstructure is normally austenite witha small amount of ferrite, Is applications are essentially the same as those of the 307 composition. .A&.7 ER308. The nominal composition (wt 9%) of this classification is 21 Cr and 10 Ni, and the all-weld metal microstrctue is normaly austenite with a small amount offerte, Commercial specifications for filler and base meals ‘ary in the minimum alloy requirements; consequently, the names 18-8, 19-9, nd 20-0 are olten associated with filler ‘metals ofthis classification. This classification ismost often used to weld base metals of similer composition, in particulay, ‘Type 304, ‘A8.8 ER3O8Si, Ths classification isthe same as ER3O8, except forthe higher silicon content. Higher silicon improves, the usability of the filler metal inthe gas metal arc welding process (ae A9.2) Ifthe dilution by the base metal produces a loweferrte or flly austenitic weld metal, the crack sensitivity ofthe weld is somewhat higher than that of lower silicon content weld metal .AB9 ERSOBH (G 19 9H). This classification isthe same as ER3O8, except thatthe allowable carbon content has been restricted tothe higher portion ofthe 308 range. Carbon content in the range of 0,04%e-0,08% provides higher strength at clevated temperatures. This filler metal is used for welding 304H base meta A8.10 ER3OBL (G 19 9 L), Ths classification isthe same as ER308, except forthe carbon content, Low carbon (0.03% ‘maximur) in this filler metal reduces the possibility of intergranular carbide precipitation, This increases the resistance ‘to itergranular corrosion without the use of stabilizers such as niobium or titanium. Strength of this low-carbon ally, however, isles than tha ofthe niobium-stabilized alloys of Type 308H at clevated temperatures. A8.IL ER3OSLSI(G 19 9 Li, This classification isthe same as ERGOBL, except for the higher silicon content. Higher silicon improves te usability ofthe fller metal inthe gas metal are welding process (see Clause A9.2). Ifthe dit the base metal produces low-ferrite or fully austenitic weld, the rack sensitivity of the weld is somewhat higher than that of lower silicon content weld metal ‘A8.12. ER30SMo (G 20 10 3). This classification isthe same as ER3O08, except for the addition of molybdenum. The all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite with a small amount of ferrite, It is used for welding ASTM CF8M. stainless stecl castings and matches the base meial with regard to chromium, nickel, and molybdenum contents. It may be used for welding wrought materials suc as Type 316 (UNS31600) stainless steel when a ferrite content in excess of that attainable with the ER316 classification is desired ‘A813. ER90SLMDo. This classification isthe same as ERIO8Mo except for lower carbon. It s used for welding ASTM. (CF3M stainless sce! castings and matches the base metal wth cegad to cheomivim, nickel, and molybdenum content. It ‘may be used for welding wrought materials such as Type 316L stainless when a ferrite content in excess ofthat attainable With ER3I6L is desired, A8.14 G 21 10. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 21 Cr, 10 Ni, 1.5 Si and 0.15 N with trace ‘of Ce, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally flly sustenitc. Is principally used for welding base metal of similar composition such as UNS $30815 for high-temperature oxidation resistance, -AB.1S: ER309 (G 22 12 H). The nominal composition (vt %) ofthis classification is 24 Cr and 13 Ni, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite witha small anouat of ferite Filler metas of his classification are commonly sed for welding similar alloys in wrought or east form. Occasionally, they ar used to weld Type 304 and similar base metals where severe corrosion conditions exist equiring higher alloy Weld metal. They are also used in dissimilar metal welds, such as joining Type 304 o carbon steel, welding the clad side of Type 304 clad steels, and applying stainless stel sheet linings to earbon stel shell. ‘AB.16 ER3O9Si This classification is the same as ER309, except for higher silicon content. The higher silicon improves the usability ofthe filler metal inthe gas metal are welding process (see A9.2). Ifthe dilution by the base metal produces a loveferite or fully austenitic weld metal deposit, the crack sensitivity ofthe weld is somewhat higher than that of lower silicon content weld metal i i i : i i : i i[AWS ASSIA5 2017 (60 14543:2009 MOD) ‘A817 ER3O9L (G23 12 L). This classification i the same as ER308, except forthe carbon content. Low carbon (0.03% ‘maximum inthis filler metal reduces the possibility of intergranular carbide precipitation, This increases the resistance to intergranular corrosion without the use of stabilizers such as niobium or titanium. Strength ofthis low-carbon alloy, however, may not be as great at elevated temperatures as that ofthe niobiumstabilized alloys or ERG09. A818 EQ309LD (B 22 11 L}. The nominal composition (wt %) of this classification is 22 Cr and 11 Ni itis low in carbon content, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite with small amount of Ferite Ics normally produced as strip electrodes for low dilution cladding by SAW or ESW to achieve a frst layer on carbon steel similar in ‘composition to undiluted 308L. A8.19 ER309LSI (G 23 12 L Si. This classification isthe same as ER3OBL, except for higher silicon content. The higher silicon improves the usability of te filler metal in the gas metal arc welding process (see Clause A9.2). I the dilution by the base metal produces a low-ferrite or fully austenitic weld, the erack sensitivity ofthe weld is somewhat higher than that of lower silicon content weld metal A820 ER309Mo. This classification isthe same as ER308, except forthe ation of 2.5% molybdenum to increase its pitting corrosion resistance in halide-contaning environments, andthe allweld metal microstructure is normally austenite ‘witha small amount of ferrite. The primary application for this filer metal is surfacing of base meals to improve their corrosion resistance. The ER309Mbo is used to achieve a single-layer overay with a chemical composition similar to that of 2316 stainless stel. I is also sed forthe fist layer of multilayer overlays with filler metals such as ER316 of ER3I7 stainless sicels. Without the first layer of 309Mo, elements such as chromium and molybdenum might be reduced to ‘unacceptable levels in successive layers by dilution from the base metal. Other applications include the welding of ‘molybdenum-containing stainless see ining to carbon steel shells, the joining of carbon steel base metals that had been lad with a molybdenum-containing stanles steel, and the joining of dissimilar base metals suchas carbon steel 10 Type 304 stainless soe. A821 ER3OOLMo (C23 12 21). This classification is the same as an ER309Mo, except forthe lower carbon content (0.03%). Low-carbon contents in stainless stels reduce the possibility of chromium carbide precipitation and thereby increase weld metal resistance to intergranular corrosion. The ER309LMOo is used in the same type of applications asthe [ER309Mo, but where excessive pickup of carbon from dilution by the base metal, where intergranular corrosion from carbide precipitation, or both are factors to be considered inthe slection ofthe filler metal. In multilayer overlays, the Towscarbon ER309L Mo is usually needed for the firs layer in order to achieve low-carbon contents in suecessive ayers, ith iller metals such as ER316L or ER3I7L A822 EQ309LMoD (B21 133 L). The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis clasification is 21 Cr, 13 Ni, and 3 Mo, it is low in carbon, andthe allweld metal mirostructure is normally austenite with a small amount offerte It is normally produced as strip electrodes for low dilution cladding by SAW or ESW to achieve a frst layer on carbon stee similar in composition to undiluted 3161. ‘A823 ERSO9LNb (G 23 12 Nb). The nominal compesition (w %) ofthis classification is23 Cr, 12 Ni and 0.5 Nb, and the aleld metal microstructure is normally austenite with a small amount of Ferrite, Its principle use is for elading of carbon steel to achieve a first layer composition similar to that of undiluted 347 stainless steel ‘A824 EQ3OOLNDD (B 22 12 L Nb). The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 22 Cr, 12 Ni and 0.5 Nb, With low carbon, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite witha small amount of ferite It is norm produced a strip electrodes for low lution claiding by SAW or ESW to achieve a first layer on carbon stee similar ia composition to undiluted 347, ‘A825 ER3IO (G25 20). The nominal compesition (wt %) ofthis lasification is 26.5 Cr and 21 Ni, and the all-weld ‘metal microstructure is normally fully austenite. Fille metal ofthis classitication is mast offen use to weld base metals, of similar composition. 88.26 G 2520 Mn, The nominal composition (st %) ofthis classification is 25 Cr, 20 Ni, and 4 Mn, and the al-weld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic. ts applications are the same as those of 310, but the higher Mn content improves the resistance to solidification cracking, especially under high restraint. 8827 G 25 20 H. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis lassifiation is 25 Cx, 20 Ni, and 0.4 C, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic. tis commonly used for welding similar high-carbon stainless steels for high-temperature service, such as Type HK castings as designated by the Alloy Castings Institut, 0‘AWS AB.IAS.96:2017 ('S0 14945-2008 MOD) A828 ERSIOL. The nominal composition (w %) ofthis classification is 25 Cr and 20 Ni, itis low in carbon content, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic. Its commonly used for welding similar low-carbon stainless steels for corrosion resistance service, ‘A829 ER3IOS. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 25 Cr and 20 Ni, with lower earbon content than standard 310, and the allweld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic. It is used for welding stainless steels, ‘of similar composition ‘A830 G25 22.2.N L. The nominal composition (wt %) of this classification ig 25 Cr, 20 Ni, 2 Mo, 5 Mn, end 0.15 N, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic. It is used for welding of earosion resisting alloys of similar composition. A831 G26 23 § N. The nominal composition (wt 96) ofthis class 5 Mo, 3.5 Mn, and 0.35, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic. Its used for cladding of carbon and alloy stels for service in urea manufacture where a ferritefree overlay is essential. The high nitrogen imparts resistance to pitting. A832 ER3I2 (G29 9). The nominal composition (wt 94) ofthis classification is 30 Cr and 9 Ni, and the allweld metal microstractue is normally duplex feritic-austenitic. Filler meal of this classification was originally designed to weld «ast alloys of similar composition. It also has been found to be valuable in welding dissimilar metals suchas carbon ste! to stainless steel, particularly those grads high in nickel. Even with considerable dilution by austenite-forming elements such as nickel, the microstructure remains two-phase and thus highly resistant to weld metal cracks and fissures. The undifuted weld metal ean be brittle 88.33 ER3I6. The nominal composition (wt %) of this elasification is 19 Cr, 12.5 Ni, and 2.5 Mo, and the alleweld metal microstracture is normally austenite with a small amount offerte, This filer meta is used for welding Type 316 and similar alloys. Ithas been used successfull in certain applications involving special base metals for high-temperature service. The presence of molybdenum provides ereep resistance at elevated temperatures and pitting resistance in a halide atmosphere. Rapid corrosion of ER3 16 weld metal occurs when the following three factors co-exist (1) The presence ofa continuous or semicontinuous network of fertte inthe weld metal microstructure (@) Acomposition balance ofthe weld metal giving a chromium-io-molybdenum ratio of less than 8.2t0 1 @) Immersion ofthe weld metal in a corrosive medium. Attempts o classify the media in which accelerated corro- sion will take place by attack on the ferrite phase have not been entirely successful Strong oxidizing and mildly relucing environments have been present where a number of corrosion failures were investigated and documented, The literature should be consulted for latest recommendations. A834 ER316Si, This classification is the same as ER316, except forthe higher silicon content. The higher silicon improves the usability ofthe fille meta in the gas metal are welding proces (see A9.2), IE the dilution bythe base metal produces a low-ferrite or fully austenite wel, the crack sensitivity of the weld is somewhat higher than that of lower silicon content weld metal ‘A838 ERSL6H (G 19 123 H), This filler meta isthe same as FR316, except thatthe allowable carbon content has ben restricted to the higher portion ofthe 316 range, Carboa coatent in the range of 0.04 wt % to 0.08 wt % provides higher strength at elevated temperatures. This filler metal is used for welding 316H base metal ‘A836 ERSIOL (G 19 12 3 L). This classification is the same as ER316, except forthe carbon content, Low carbon. (0.03%) inthis filler metal reduces the possibility of intergranular chromium carbide precipitalion and thereby increases the resistance to intergranular corrosion without the use of stabilizers such as niobium or titanium. This filler metal is primarily used for welding low-carbon molybdenum-bearing austenitic alloys, This low-carbon alloy, however isnot as strong a elevated temperature asthe niobium-stabilized alloys or Type ER3IGH, A837 ER3IGLCu. This classifications the same as BR316L except forthe sdktion of about 2% Cu, The all-weld metal microstructure is aonmally austenite with a stoall amount of fette. The copper imparts some resistance to sulfuric acid. ‘A838 ERSIGLSi(G 19 12.3 LSi). Ths classification is the same as ER3IOL. except fr the higher silicon content. The higher silicon improves the usability of the fille metal inthe gas metal are welding process (see A9.2). If the dilation by a i[AWS AS 9/A5 9M:2017 (60 14949-2008 MOD) the base metal produces a low-Ferrte or fully austenitic weld, the erack sensitivity is somewhat highec than that of lower silicon content weld metal ‘A839 ER316LMn (G 20 16 3 Mn NL). The nominal composition (wt 4 ofthis classification is 19 Cx, 15 Ni, 7 Mn 3 Mo, and 0.2 N, and the all-weld metal microstructure is nearly fully austenitic with atypical ferrite content of 0.5 FN ‘maximum. One of the primary uses of this filler meal is forthe joining of similar and F eryogenie steels for applications down to ~482°F (-269°C). This filler meal also exhibits good corrosion resistance in acids and seawater, and is particularly suited for corrosion conditions found in urea synthesis plants, It is also nonmagnetic. The high-Min content of the alloy heps to stabilize the austenitic microstructure and aids in hot eracking resistance A840 G 20 16 3 Mn L. The composition of this classification is the same as that of ERSI6LMn except for the absence of nitrogen. The applications are aso similar, although its pitting resistance is not as pret as that of ERS 1GLMa, deposits ‘A8AI_BR3I7. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 19.5 Cr, 14 Ni and 3.5 Mo, somewhat higher ‘than ER316, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite witha small amount of ferrite. Iti usually used forwelding alloys of similar composition. ER317 filler metals uilized in severely corrosive environments where creviee and pitting corrosion ate of concern, A842 BRSITL (G 18 183 Lor G 19 13 4 L). This classification is the same as ER317, except forthe earbon content Theall-weld metal microstructure of ER317L and G 19 13 4 Lis normally austenite with a small amount offerte, while that of the G 18 15 3 Lis normally fully austenitic. Low earbon (0.03% maximum) in this filler metal reduces the possibilty of intergranular carbide precipitation, This increases the resistance to intergranular corosion without the use ‘of stabilizers such as niobium or titanium, This low-carbon alloy, however, may not be as strong at elevate temperature asthe niobium-stabilized alloys or Type 317. A843 G 19 13 4 NL. The nominal composition ( %) of this classification is 19 Cr, 13 Ni,4 Mo, and 0.15 N, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite and may of may aot contain a small amount offerte Its wed for Welding 317LM (UNS 831725) and 317LMN (UNS $31726) stainless sees, commonly in the pulp and paper industry. ABA4 G 18 165 NL. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 18 Cr, 16 Ni, 4 Mo, and 0.15 N, an the allveld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic, Iti used for welding 317LM (UNS $31725) and 317LMN. (UNS $31726) stainless stels, commonly inthe pulp and paper industry ‘A845 ERSI8 (G 19 12 3 Nb). This composition is identical © ER316, except forthe addition of niobium. The all-weld ‘metal microstructure is normally austenite witha small amount of ferrite, Niobium provides resistance to intergranclar chromium carbide precipitation and thus inressed resistance to intergranular corosion, Fillet metal of this classification i used primarily for welding base metals of similar composition, ‘ABA6 G 19 123 ND Si. This composition i identical to ER318 except for the higher silicon content. Tis improves the usability ofthe filler metal inthe gas metal arc welding process (sev A9.2). IF he dition by the base metal produces & Joweferite or fully austenitie weld, the erack sensitivity is somewhat higher than that of lower silicon content weld metal. ASAT ER3ISL. This classification is the same as ER3IB except for the low-carbon content. Low carbon (0.03% maximum) inthis filler metal reduces the tendency to knifeline attack at intersceting welds. This u-carbon alloy may not be as strong at elevated temperature as the higher carbon ER318 weld metal, ‘ABA ER320. The nominal composition (wt 9) ofthis classification is 20 Cr, 34 Ni,2.5 Mo, and 3.5 Cu, with Nb added to provide resistance to intergranular corrosion, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic, Filler ‘metal ofthis classification is primarily used to weld base metals of similar composition for applications where resistance to severe corrosion involving a wide range of chemicals, including sulfuric and sulfurous acids and thee salts, is required. This filer metal can be used to weld both castings and wrought alloys of similar composition without postweld heat, tweatment, A modification of this classification without niobium is available for repairing castings that do not contain nigbium, but with this modified composition, solution annealing is required efter welding, A849 ERSZOLR (Low Residuals). This classification has the same basic composition as ER320: however, the elements , Si, Band S are specified at lower maximum levels and the Nb and Ma are controlled at naeower ranges. These ‘changes reduce the weld metal hot cracking and fissuring (while maintaining the corrosion resistance) frequently ‘encountered in filly austenitic stainless steel weld metals. Consequently, welding practoes typically used for austenitic sfainless see! weld metals containing ferrite can be used in bare filler metal welding processes such as ga tungsten are a i t‘AWS AS 9A5.94:2017 (150 14949-2008 MOD) fand gas metal are at the sacrifice of some corrosion resistance. ER320LR filler metal has been used successfully in submerged arc overlay welding, but it may be prone to cracking when used fo joining base metal by the submerged are process. ER320LR weld metal has a lower minimum tensile strength than ER320 weld metal ‘88.80 ER32L, The nominal composition (wt 9) ofthis classification is 19.5 Cr and 9.5 Ni with titanium added, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite with a small amount of ferrite, The titanium acts in the same way a3 siobium in Type 347 in reducing intergranular chromium carbide precipitation and thus inereesing resistance 10 ‘intergranular corosion. The filler metal of this classification is used for welding chromium-nickel stainless stel base ‘metals of similar composition, using an inert gas shielded process. It isnot sullable for use with the submerged! are process because only a small portion ofthe titanium will be recovered in the weld metal ‘A8.S1_ER330(G 18 36 H). The nominal composition (wt 2 ofthis classification is 16 Cr and 35.5 Ni, andthe all-weld ‘etal mirostruetureis normally fully austenitic. Filler metal ofthis type is commonly used where hea and scale resisting, Properties above 1800°F [980°C] are required, except in high-sulfur environments as these environments may adversely affect elevated temperature performance. Repairs of defects in alloy castings and the welding of castings and wrought alloys of similar composition are the most common applications, A842 G 28 35 N. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 28 Cr, 35 Ni and 0.15 N, and the alleweld ‘metal mierosructure is normally fully austenitic. Its used for joining hea resisting steels such as UNS 35315, A8.S3 ER347 (G 19 9 Nb), The nominal composition (vt 94) ofthis elasifeation is 20 Cr and 10 Ni, with Nb added as 1 stabilizer, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally austenite witha small amount of fertte. The addition of siobium reduces the possibilty of intergranular chromium carbide precipitation and thus susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. The filler metal of this classification is usually used for welding chromium-nickel stainless steel base metals, ilar composition stabilized with either Nb or Ti. Although Nb is the stabilizing element usually specified in Type 347 alloys, it should be recognized that tantalum (Ta) is also present. Ta and Nb are almost equally effective in stabilizing carbon and in providing high-temperature strengih, I dilution by the base metal produces a lawefeeiteor fully austenitic weld metal, the rack sensitivity of the weld may increase substantially, ABS4 ER347Si (G 19 9 Nb Sip. Ths classification isthe sume as ERM7, except for the higher silicon content. The higher silicon improves the usability of the filler metal in the gas metal are welding process (see A9.2).If the dilution by the base metal produces a low ferrite or fully austenitic weld, the crack sensitivity ofthe weld is somewhat higher than that of lower silicon content weld metal. ‘ABS. ERG47L. This classification isthe same as FR347 except thatthe carbon content i limited 10 0.03% maximum. Intersecting welds are less susceptible to knifeline attack than those of ER347. This loweearbon alloy may not be a5 strong a elevated temperature asthe higher carbon FR347 weld metal Lower Si may be specified for nuclear applications ‘A8.S6 ER383 (G27 31 4 Cu L). The nominal composition (wt %) of ths classification is 27.5 Cx, 31.5 Ni,3.7 Mo, and 1 Cu, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally full austenitic. Fille metal ofthis clasification is used to weld ‘UNSN08028 hase metal (itself, oF to other prades of stainless stel, E383 filler metal is recommended fr sulfuric and phosphoric acid environments. The elements C Si P, and S are specified a low maximum levels to minimize weld metal hot cracking an fssuring (while maintaining the corrosion resistance) frequently encountered in fully austenite stainless stool weld metals, ABST ERSS (G 20 25 5 Cu L). The nominal composition (wt %) of this classification is 20.5 Cr, 25 Ni, 4.7 Mo, and 1.5 Cu, and the allaweld metal microstructure is normally fully austenitic. ER38S filler metal is used primarily for welding of ASTM B625, B673, BOT4, and BO77 (UNS NO89O4) materials forthe handling of sulfuric acid and ‘many chloride containing media. ER3RS filler metal also may be used to join Type 317L material where improved corrosion resistance in specific media is needed. ER385 filler metal may be used for joining UNS NO8904 base metals to other grades of stainless steel. The elements C, S, P, and Si are specified at lower maximum levels to minimize ‘weld metal hot cracking and fssuring (while maintaining corrsion resistance) frequently encountered in fully austenitic ‘weld metals. 88.58 G 20 28 5 Cu N L. This classification is the same as ER385 (G 20 25 5 Cu L) except forthe addition of nitrogen (0.15% nominal) to enhance the pitting resistance of the deposit. The allweld metal is normally fully austenitic, E 3 8 ?ANS AS.IAS 9NLZOT7 (SO 14348-2008 HOD) ‘A8.59 ER409, The nominal composition (w %) ofthis lasifcation is 12 Cr and the all-weld metal microstructure is ‘nearly fully ferric. The titanium addition forms carbides to improve corrosion resistance, increase strength at high temperature, and promote the ferrite microstructure. ER4O9 filler metals may be used to join matching base metals, The ‘greatest usage is for applications where thin stock is fabricated into exhaust system components ‘A8.60 ER409ND. This classification isthe same as ER409, except that niobium is used instead of titanium to achieve similar results. The all-weld metal microstructure is nearly Tully ferrtic. Oxidation losses across the arc generally are lower. Applications are the same as those of ER409 filer metals, A861 ER410(G 13).The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classifications 12 Cr, and theall-weld metal sievostrucare is nearly fully martensitic. The weld metal is anair-hardening stel, Preheat and postweld heat treatments are required to achieve welds of adequate ductility for many engineering purposes. The most common application of filler metal ofthis type is for welding alloys of similar composition. It is also used for deposition of overlays on carbon stels to resist corrosion, erosion, or abrasion, .A8.62. G 13 L. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 13 Cr, and the all-weld metal microstructure is «ual phase fevtic-martensitic owing to its low-carbon content. The low-carbon content imparts greater resistance to cold cracking than the deposits of ER410 or G 13, but the hardness and strength are reduced. .A8.63 ER4LONiMo (G 13 4). The nominal composition (st %) of this classification is 2 Cr, 4.5 Ni, and 0.55 Mo, and the all-weld metal microstructure is nearly fully martensitic. Is primarily designed for welding ASTM CAGNM castings or similar material 2s well as light-gauge 410, 410S, and 40S base metals, Filler metal of this classification is modified to contain less chromium and more nickel to eliminate ferrite in the mierostructure as it has a deleterious effect on ‘mechanical properties. Final postweld heat treatment should not exceed 11S0°F [620°C], as higher temperatures may result in rehardening duc to untempered martensite inthe microstructure after cooling to room temperature .A8.64 G 16 5 1. The nominal composition (wt. %) ofthis classification is 16 Cr 5 Ni, and 1 Mo, andthe allaweld metal ‘microstructure is normally dual phase martensitic-austenitc. The weld metal is softer than the deposits of ERA1ONiMo ‘FG 13 4 ts normal use is for overlay of hydroturbine runners for cavitation and erosion resistance ‘A865 ERA20. This classification is similar to ER41O, except for slightly higher chromium and carbon contents. The alleld metal mi re is normally fully martensitic. ER420 is used for many surfacing operations requiring corrosion resistance provided by 12% chromium along with somewhat higher hardness than weld metal deposited by ER4IO electrodes. This increases wear resistance. A8.66 ER430(G 17). The nominal composition (wt %) is 16 Cr, and the ll-weld metal microstructure is normally dual hase fevtic-martensitc, with ferite more prevalent. The composition is balanced by providing sufficient chromium to Bive adequate corrosion resistance for the usual applications, and yot retain sufficient ductility in the heat-reated condition. (Excessive chromium will result in lower ductility.) Welding with filler metal of the ER430 classification usually requires preheating and postveld heat treatment Optimum mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are obtained only when the weldment is heat treated following the welding operation. A8.67 ERA3ONb. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 16 Cr and 0:6 Nb, and the all-weld metal ‘microstructure is predominantly feriti. The Nb serves to form carbides in preference to chromium carbides to prevent sensitization. Ths filler metal is commonly used for welding. 16% Crferritic steels for automobile exhaust system ‘components. Inthe as-welded condition, some martensite may be preseat inthe otherwise fetitic deposit A868 ER4SOLNb (G 18 L Nb). The nominal composition (wt %) of this classification is 17 Cr and 0.5 Nb, with ow= carbon, and the all-weld metal microstructures normally fully fertc. tisused for the same applications as the ERA3OND classification 88.69 ER439, The nominal composition (wt %) of this latsificaton is 18 Cr, stabilized with titanium, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally fully ferrite. ER439 provides improved oxidation and corrosion resistance over ER409 in similar applications. Applications are the same as those of ER409 filler metals where thin stock is fabricated into ‘exhaust system components. A870 G 25 4, The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 25 Cr, $Ni, and 1 Si and the all-weld metal ‘microstructure is normally nearly fully feriic witha small amount of austenite. I is most commonly used for welding 25% Crfeitc stainless steel alloys such as UNS S44600 for very hightemperature oxidation resistance, m4 papel PW essere eg eat py[AWS AS.SIAS.9M2017 (160 14949:2008 MOD} ‘AB.71 ERA4GLMo, The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification (formerly listed as ER26-1) is 26 Cr and 1 Mo, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally fully ferrtic. It is used for welding base metal ofthe same composition with inert gas shielded welding processes. Due to the high purity of both base metal and filler metal cleaning of the pats before welding is most important. Complete coverage by shielding gas during welding is extremely ‘important to prevent contamination by oxygen and nitrogen. Non-conventionl gas shielding methods (leading, trailing, and back shielding) often are employed. .A8.72 ER630. The nominal composition (wt 96) of this elasiication is 16.4 Cr, 4.7 Ni, and 3.6 Cu, and the all-weld ‘metal is normally neatly fully martensitie wth aces of ferrite. The composition is designed primarily for welding ASTM, ‘A S64 Type 630 and some other precipitation-hardening stainless steels. The composition is modified to prevent the formation of ferrite networks in the martensitic mirostructure which have a deleterious effect on mechanical properties Dependent on the application and weld size, the weld metal may be used as-welded; welded and precipitation hardened; ‘or welded, solution treated, and precipitation hardened. ‘AB.73. ERI9-10H (G 19 9 H). The nominal composition (wt %) ofthese to classifications is 19 Cr and 10 Ni and the all-weld metal microstructure is austenitic with a small amount of ferrite. It is similar to ER3OBH except that the Cr content is lower and there are additional limits on Mo, Nb, and Ti. This lower limit of Cr and additional limits on other Cr equivalent elements allows a lower ferrite range to be attained lower fetite level inthe weld metal decreases the ‘chance of sigma embritlement after long-lem exposure a temperatures in excess of 1000°F [340°C]. This filler metal should be used in conjunction with welding provesses and other welding consumables that donot deplote or otherwise significantly change the amount of ehromium inthe weld metal. If used with submerged are welding, a flex that nether removes nor aus chromium tothe weld metal is highly recommended. This filler metal also has the higher carbon level required for improved ereep properties in high-temperature service. The user I cautioned that actual wed application qualification resting is recommended inorder to he sure that an acceptable weld metal earbon level is obtained. Ifcorrosion or scaling isa concer, special testing, as outlined in Annex Clause A10,, Special Tests, should be included in application testing. ‘A874 ERI6-8-2 (G 168 2). The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis classification is 15.5 Cr, 8.5 Ni, and 1.5 Mo, and the allweld metal microstructure is austenitic with a trace of ferrite. Filer metal of this classification is used primarily for welding stainless stel such as types 16-82, 316, and 347 for high-pressure, high-temperature piping systems. The ‘weld deposit usually has a Ferrite Number no higher than $ PN. The deposit also has good hotductility properties that offer greater freedom from weld or erater cracking even under restraint conditions. The weld metal is usable in either the as-welded condition or solution-irated condition. This filler metal depends on a very carefully balanced chemical ‘composition to develop its fullest properties. Corrosion tess indicate thatthe 16-8-2 weld metal may have less corrosion resistance than 316 base metal, depending on the corrosive media. Where the weldment i exposed to severe cotrodents, the surface layers should be deposited with a more corrosion-resistnt filler metal. ‘A8.75 ER2209 (G 2293 NL). The nominal composition (wt %) of ths classifiation is 22.5 Cr, 85 Ni, 3 Mo, and 01S, [Neand the all-weld metal microstructure is normally duplex fecitic-austentic, Filler metal of this classification is used primarily to weld duplex stanles steels which contain approximately 22% chromium such as UNS $31803 and $32205, ‘They ar also used for lean duplex stinkess tet such as UNS $32101 and S32304. These stainless stelsare characterized by high tensile strength, resistance to stress corrosion cracking, and improved resistance to pitting as compared to these properties in austenite stainless steels such as 304, A8.76 ER2307 and G23 71N L. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthese two elasifiations is 24 Cr, 8.0 Ni, and 0.15, Nesnd the all-weld metal microstructure is normally duplex ferrtic-austenitc Filler metals ofthese lassifiations are used primarily for welding lean duplex stainless steels such as UNS S32101 and $32304, Weld metal deposited sith £ER2307 filler metal combines inereased tensile strength and improved resistance to stress corrosion cracking as compared, to these properties in weld metal from ER3OSL. A877 G 2572 L. The nominal composition (wt %) ofthis clasific: microstructure is normally duplex feritic-austeniti. Filler metal ofthis elasification is used for welding stainless stel castings of similar composition that will be annealed after welding. jon is 25 Cr, 7Ni, and 2 Mo, and the alewel .A8.78 ER2SS3, The nominal composition (st %) of this classification is 25.5 Cr, 5.5 Ni 3.4 Mo, 2 Cu, and 0.2 N, and the all-weld metal microstructure is normally duplex ferrtie-austenitc, Fille metal ofthis classification is use primarily to weld duplex stainless steels UNS $32550 that contain approximately 25% chromium. These stainless steels are 25 i