Positioning and Coordinate Systems

A coordinate system in Drilling programs is defined by the following criteria:

• Type of coordinate system
• Name of coordinate system
• Default grid unit
• Central meridian (Universal Transverse Mercator and Transverse Mercator
only)
• Scale factor
• Upper and lower scale latitude (Transverse Mercator and Lambert only)
• Origin longitude
• False northing
• False easting
• Coordinate system datum
• Ellipsoid name
• Bursa/Wolf transformation type
• Semimajor axis
• Inverse flattening
• Semiminor axis
Offshore Locations
• Water depth
• Bottom slope
• Local currents
Bottomhole Targets.
Targets and Local Coordinates
Surface Coordinate and Surface Uncertainty
Datums and References
• Borehole elevation (RKB) to structure
• Borehole elevation to slot
• Borehole elevation to field
• Slot elevation to structure
• Slot elevation to field
• Structure elevation to field
• Ground level to field

Trajectory Design
Survey Calculation Methods
This section covers the following topics:
• Definition of dogleg severity
• Survey calculation methods
• Accuracy of survey calculation methods

Designing a Well Trajectory

This section of discusses the following topics:
• The various types of wellbore profiles
• Using standard profiles
• Well planning with curved sections
• Case study example
Factors Affecting Survey Measurements
This section provides information concerning the factors affecting the accuracy
of survey measurements:

• Sag correction to improve inclination accuracy

• Magnetic field and its affect on magnetic surveys
• Magnetic interference

Computing Uncertainty in Wellbore Position

Borehole Position Uncertainty
Systematic Errors
Systematic errors originate from the following different types of sources:
• relative depth error
• reference error
• drillstring magnetization interference
• true inclination error (sag)
• survey tool misalignment
• sensor specific error

Ellipsoid of Uncertainty
• Simple cone
• Shell
• Wolff and deWardt
• Topographic (TERM)
• ISCWSA

Anti-Collision

Hydraulics
Drilling Hydraulics
Drilling Fluids
Pressure Drop Modeling: General Principles
Pressure Drop Modelingin the Drillpipe and the Annulus
Motor Hydraulics
MWD, LWD and RSS Tool Hydraulics
Swab and Surge
Hole Cleaning
Calculation of Pressure/Temperature-Dependent Rheology

Torque and Drag

Torque and Drag analysis (including single depth, multi-depth and load case)
• The different types of torque and drag analyses available from Torque and
Drag
• Friction factors
• Side forces
• Stresses
• Tripping loads
• Torque loss and surface torque

BHA tendency analysis

• The different types of BHA’s that are modeled
• Calculation of BHA tendency
• Effects of hole enlargement, formation stiffness, weight on bit, and stabilizer
Placement

BHA sag analysis

• The purposes of a BHA Sag analysis
• Inputs and outputs for BHA Sag analysis

BHA Vibration Analysis (BHAV)

• Natural frequencies and critical speeds
• Vibration mode shapes
• Excitation sources
• Analysis types: static loads, free vibration and forced vibration
• Factors affecting vibration response
• Limitations and sources of error