Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Contents
1Career
2Works
3Relations with Haydn
4Reception
5Selected recordings
6Notes
7References
8External links
Career[edit]
Werner was born in Ybbs an der Donau.[2] He served from 1715 to either 1716 or 1721
(unknown) as the organist at Melk Abbey.[2] During the 1720s he was in Vienna, where
he may have studied with Johann Fux. Werner was married on 27 January 1727. On 10
May 1728 he took up the position he was to hold for the rest of his life,
as Kapellmeister at the Esterházy court in Schloss Esterházy in Eisenstadt.[2] The
appointment "opened a new era for music" [3] at the court; previously, there had been
seven years of relative inactivity following the death of Prince Joseph in 1721; his widow
Maria Octavia, serving as co-regent for her young son Paul Anton, had instituted
economies in the musical establishment. [4] Robbins Landon and Jones suggest that
Werner was hired at the then 17-year-old prince's instigation. [4]
Werner set to work, bringing new music to the court from Vienna and composing
prolifically.[3] He remained in full charge of the Esterházy musical establishment until
1761, when he entered a period of semi-retirement, his responsibilities limited to church
music.[2] Throughout this time he worked for a prince who was himself highly musical:
Paul Anton had received musical training from the court musicians as well as from
music masters imported from abroad; he played the violin and the flute. [5]
Werner died in Eisenstadt on 3 March 1766.[2]
Works[edit]
Werner wrote a cappella masses in a strict contrapuntal style,[2] as well as church music
with instrumental accompaniment and symphonies. His work includes a series of
twenty oratorios, all composed for performance on Good Friday, usually in the
Esterházy chapel.[6] Jones discerns a bifurcated style, with most of the work taking the
form of severe, "weighty" contrapuntal pieces, but a minority (written for lighter
occasions such as Advent and the Nativity) that "employ a distinctly homespun idiom,
invoking elements of Austrian and indeed Eastern European folk music."[6] Works
by Joseph Haydn in both genres exist, and may have been influenced by Werner. [6]
As an employee of the Esterházy family Werner published little, but a few works did see
print.[6] These include his set of twelve orchestral suites depicting the twelve months of
the year (Neuer und sehr curios-Musicalischer Instrumental-Calender ("New and very
curious musical instrument calendar"), [7] which appeared in Augsburg in 1748.[6] His
pupils included S. T. Kolbel (Kölbel)[2][8] and the Esterházy organist Johann Novotný
(1718–1765), father of Franz Nikolaus Novotný (1743–1773).[9] Autograph scores and
parts by Gregor Joseph Werner have found their way into the collection of the Országos
Széchényi Könyvtár, Budapest,[10] as well as the public archives in Győr, Hungary.[citation needed]
Reception[edit]
Werner today is an almost-forgotten composer. The Penguin Guide to Recorded
Classical Music[19] reviews no recording of any works by him; and few recordings are
commercially available. The reference sources listed below tend to emphasize Werner's
troubled relationship with Haydn over his own career.
The noted choreographer Twyla Tharp used a prelude and fugue by Werner for her
1976 dance Give and Take.[20]
Haydn himself clearly held Werner in high esteem, whatever their personal difficulties
may have been. In his own old age (1804) Haydn published "six introductions and
fugues for string quartet, taken from Werner’s oratorios". [2] The title page read that the
works were "edited by his successor J. Haydn out of particular esteem towards the
famous master."[6]