LIMITING REACTANT EXERCISES

1. 20 g lithium reacts with 30 g oxygen to produce lithium oxide according to the equation:
4Li + O2 → 2Li2O

i. Determine the excess reactant.

ii. Calculate the mass of excess reactant remained at the end of the reaction.
iii. Calculate the mass of Li2O produced. [ 15 M ]

2. The reaction of aluminium metal with copper (II) nitrate solution is shown in equation:

2Al (s) + 3Cu(NO3)2 (aq) → 2Al(NO3)3 + 3Cu

In an experiment, 0.50 g aluminium metal was added into 100 mL of 0.35 M copper (II) nitrate
solution.

i. Determine the limiting reactant.

ii. Calculate the mass of excess reactant remained at the end of the reaction.
iii. Calculate the mass of copper produced. [8M]

3. When ammonia reacts with copper (II) oxide at high temperature, nitrogen gas, solid copper and
water vapour are formed according to the equation:

2NH3 (s) + 3CuO (s) → N2 (g) + 3Cu (s) + 3H2O (g)

If 18.0 g of ammonia is reacted with 90.0 g copper (II) oxide,

i. determine the limiting reactant.

ii. calculate the mass of nitrogen produced.
iii. calculate the percentage yield if 10.0 g nitrogen is obtained. [ 15 M ]
+
4. A 50.0 g zinc sample was added into a 50.0 L solution which containing 3.9 g Ag per liter. The
reaction is occurred as below:

Zn + 2Ag → Zn
+ 2+
+ 2Ag
+
Is the zinc added sufficient to react with all the Ag ? Explain your answer. [7M]

5. Naphthalene, C10H8 can be oxidized to phthalic anhydride, C8H4O3 by the following reaction:
2C10H8 + 9O2 → 2C8H4O3 + 4CO2 + 4H2O

In an oxidation of 50.0 g naphthalene, only 65% of phthalic anhydride was produced compare to
the theoretical value. Calculate the mass of phthalic anhydride produced.

[6M]