ENGLISH REFRESHER COURSE

VERB TENSES
& ASPECTS
Prepared by:
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT – ST. EDWARD SCHOOL
PRAYER
REMINDERS

1. Be confident.
2. It is fine to make mistakes.
3. It's better when we learn together.
4. To correct nicely is to care.
5. Speak the language and rules will follow.
Small things done consistently
in strategic places make
change happen.
CILE CHAVEZ
GENERAL OBJECTIVES

1. To enhance communication and macro skills

in English;
2. To create an avenue for teachers to review
basic and essential language lessons; and
3. To build teachers’ confidence in
communicating with various stakeholders of
the school.
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
1. Identify the structure of different verb tenses
and aspects;
2. Determine the use of each verb tense and
aspect in different situations;
3. Correct the common errors in the use of verb
tenses; and
4. Use verb tenses correctly in expressing
meaningful ideas
GETTING TO
KNOW

1. How did you prepare for this ERC?

2. What actions do you take to keep
yourself protected from the virus?
3. What are your expectations in this
session?
 What's the tense?

1. speak CONTINUOUS PERFECT

2. is talking
3. presented
4. have written
5. will create
 Let's remember the
basics!
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

am/is/are
PRESENT speak/speaks has/have spoken
speaking
was/were
PAST spoke had spoken
speaking

will speak will be

FUTURE will have spoken
going to speak speaking
WHAT IS TENSE?
A form a verb takes to show the time it happened. It
actually describes when any action happened with
respect to time.

ACTION
 When to use each
tenses?
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

general action in actions that happened

facts progress at the in the past at an
moment unspecified time
action happens
actions that began in
PRESENT regularly future plan or the past and continue
arrangement to the present

action that have never

happened
 When to use each
tenses?
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

events that events that past events that

started and were in happened BEFORE
finished in the progress in the other past events
past past (often
PAST when another
one-time event
happened)
 When to use each
tenses?
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

plans, actions that will actions that will be

arrangement, and be in progress completed before a
predictions at a time in the future time
future
FUTURE promises, offers,
predictions, and
decisions made in
the moment of
speaking
 Let's remember the
basics!
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

am/is/are
PRESENT speak/speaks has/have spoken
speaking
was/were
PAST spoke had spoken
speaking

will speak will be

FUTURE will have spoken
going to speak speaking
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
a. Habitual action in the present / repeated events.
She takes Mandarin lessons every Saturday.
 
b. General timeless truths, such as physical laws or customs.
Water freezes at 0 degrees centigrade.
Filipinos celebrate a lot of fiestas in May.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

c. With be and other stative verbs to indicate states or even

the inception of states.
There are food stalls at the back of BPS building
I know Prof. Villanueva.
The car belongs to Rowena.
Now, I understand.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

STATIVE VERBS

Existence: be, exists

 
Mental states: believe, doubt, know, realize, recognize,
suppose, think, understand
 
Wants and likes: want, like, love, hate, need, prefer
 
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

STATIVE VERBS

Possession: belong, have, possess, own

 
Senses: feel, smell, taste
 
Appearance: appear, look, seem
 Simple Present
VERBS WITH THIRD PERSON SINGULAR SUBJECT

DOES OR  DOES NOT BASE

QUESTION SUBJECT
DOESN'T OR DOESN'T FORM / BASE
WORD
FORM + S

AFFIRMATIVE The race starts in Paris.

QUESTION (Why) does this machine make a noise?

Doesn't this machine a noise?

make

NEGATIVE She doesn't get up early.

SIMPLE PAST TENSE
a. A definite single completed event/action in the past
I watched a live tennis match on TV last week.
 
b. An event with duration that applied in the past with
the implication that it no longer applies in the present
Professor Alido taught in the laboratory school for
3 years.
 Simple Past
TO BE

QUESTION NOT OR
SUBJECT WAS/WERE SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
WORD 'NT

AFFIRMATIVE The train was late.

QUESTION Where were the knives?

We weren't alone.
NEGATIVE
 Simple Past
VERBS OTHER THAN TO BE

QUESTION DID NOT  PAST TENSE

DID SUBJECT BASE FORM
WORD OR DIDN'T FORM

AFFIRMATIVE He waited.

QUESTION (When) did you eat?

I didn't understand.
NEGATIVE
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
a. An action to take place at some definite future time
Joel will take the bar exam next month.
 
b. A future habitual action or state; and even for present
habits, about which strong predictions can be made
After October, Judy will take the jeepney to school
everyday.
Marla is so funny. She’ll try to crack a joke but will keep
on laughing even before she delivers the punch line.
 Simple Future
WILL ('ILL, WON;T) / SHALL (SHAN'T)

SUBJECT WILL ('LL, WON'T) BARE INFINITIVE

I 'll go soon.

won't let the children

I bother you.
 Let's remember the
basics!
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

am/is/are
PRESENT speak/speaks has/have spoken
speaking
was/were
PAST spoke had spoken
speaking

will speak will be

FUTURE will have spoken
going to speak speaking
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

a. Activity in progress
He is attending a meeting now.

b. A temporary situation
Fatima is living with her parents.
 Present Progressive

QUESTION AM/IS/ NOT OR

AM/IS/ SUBJECT -ING FORM
WORD ARE +N'T
ARE

AFFIRMATIVE People are beginning to leave.

QUESTION (Where) are they going?

NEGATIVE She isn't making a noise.

PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE

a. An action in progress at a specific point of time in the past

He was walking to school at 8:30 this morning.
 
b. Past action simultaneous with some other event that is
usually stated in the simple past.
Karen was washing her hair when the phone rang.
While Alex was travelling in Europe, he ran into an old
friend.
 Past Progressive

QUESTION WAS/ SUBJECT WAS/ NOT OR -ING FORM

WORD WERE WERE +N'T

AFFIRMATIVE They were dancing.

QUESTION (Why) was she talking?

NEGATIVE She wasn't concentraiting.

FUTURE PROGRESSIVE TENSE

a. An action that will be in progress at a specific time in the

fture
He will be taking a test at 8 am tomorrow.
 
b. Duration of some specific future action
Mavic will be working on her thesis for the next three
years.
 Future Progressive

SUBJECT WILL/SHALL/BE BE + -ING

GOING TO

I 'll be having dinner.

Dorothy is going to be working late.

We shan't be needing you anymore.

 Let's remember the
basics!
SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECT

am/is/are
PRESENT speak/speaks has/have spoken
speaking
was/were
PAST spoke had spoken
speaking

will speak will be

FUTURE will have spoken
going to speak speaking
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

a. A situation that began at a prior point in time and

continues into the present
I have been a teacher since 2003.
 
b. An action occurring or not occurring at an unspecified
prior time that has current relevance
I have already seen that movie.
 
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

c. A very recently completed action (often with

just)
Manny has just finished his homework.
 Present Perfect

QUESTION HAS/ HAS/ NOT OR PAST

SUBJECT
WORD HAVE HAVE +N'T PARTICIPLE

AFFIRMATIVE She has passed her test.

QUESTION (How long) have they worked here?

in Shanghai
NEGATIVE They haven't lived
for long.
PAST PERFECT TENSE
a. An action completed in the past prior to some past event
or time
He had already left before I could offer him a ride.
She had worked at the post office before 1962.

b. Imaginative conditional in the subordinate (referring to

past time)
If Sally had studied harder, she would have passed the
exam.
 Past Perfect

QUESTION SUBJECT HAD NOT OR PAST

HAD
WORD +N'T PARTICIPLE

AFFIRMATIVE Everyone had spoken.

QUESTION (Why) had they left?

NEGATIVE They hadn't eaten.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

a. A future action that will be completed on a specific future

time
I will have finished all this word processing by 5 pm.
 
b. A state or accomplishment that will be completed in the
future prior to some other future time or event
At the end of the summer, the Reyes will have been
married for ten years.
 Future Perfect

WILL/SHALL/BE HAVE + PAST

SUBJECT
GOING TO PARTICIPLE

Nobody is going to have prepared.

She won't have arrived before you.

I shan't have finished.

MOST COMMON VERB
TENSE MISTAKES
We were seven miles from shore.
Suddenly the sky turns dark.
 USING INCONSISTENT
VERB TENSE

We were seven miles from shore.

Suddenly the sky turned dark.
As soon as I get out of bed, I did
fifty push-ups.
 USING INCONSISTENT
VERB TENSE

As soon as I got out of bed, I did

fifty push-ups.
 USING INCONSISTENT
VERB TENSE

As soon as I get out of bed, I do

fifty push-ups.
 Let's
Practice!
We were walking near the
lake when a large moose
appears just ahead.
We were walking near the
lake when a large moose
appeared just ahead.
 When we ask the time, the
cab driver told us it was after
six.
When we asked the time, the
cab driver told us it was after
six.
 The man behind me was
slurping soda and crunching
candy. I am getting angrier by
the minute.
 The man behind me was
slurping soda and crunching
candy. I was getting angrier
by the minute.
 SWITCHING IN AND OUT
OF PRESENT AND PAST
TENSE

"Gracie! Get down here right now!” Sam yelled.

Sam was a fierce drill teacher and is always
nagging me about punctuality.
 SWITCHING IN AND OUT
OF PRESENT AND PAST
TENSE

"Gracie! Get down here right now!” Sam yelled.

Sam is a fierce drill teacher and is always
nagging me about punctuality.
I will give you a passing grade when
your task will be complete.
 ALTERING THE FUTURE
TENSE

I will give you a passing grade when

your task is complete.
I cooked this dish for you. Did you
liked it?
 USING DO/DID + PAST
TENSE

I cooked this dish for you. Did you

like it?
I did not liked the dish.
 USING DO/DID + PAST
TENSE

I did not like the dish.

Do not crossed the bridge. It is
dangerous.
 USING DO/DID + PAST
TENSE

Do not cross the bridge. It is

dangerous.
 Let's practice again!

1. Play this game to test your

knowledge about Verb Tenses
and Aspect.
2. Access this: joinmyquiz.com
Performance
Task
 The participants’ goal is to be able to make a
GOAL
conversation using tenses of verb and aspects.

The participants will act as a teacher having a conversation with

ROLE
students, colleagues, parents, heads/admin, and themselves.

The audience will be students, colleagues, parents,

AUDIENCE
heads/admin, and themselves.

They will be given 5 roles of different scenarios that require them

SITUATION
to communicate with the identified audience.

PERFORMANCE/ The participants will develop their communication skills using the
PRODUCT verb tenses and aspects confidently.

STANDARD Please see the rubric the attached rubric.

 EXCELLENT GOOD NEEDS IMPROVEMENT
CRITERIA
5 4 3
The participant uses The participant commits
The participant commits
accurate tenses of verb and some errors on tenses of
Grammar frequent errors that make it
aspects to communicate verb and aspects to
difficult to understand.
effectively. communicate effectively.

The participant delivers The participant delivers The participant delivers

clear expression to unclear expression that difficult expression that
Communication enhance the hinders the communication. creates communication
communication. barrier.

The participant shows

The participant shows good The participant shows lack
outstanding effort to
of effort to fulfill the task
Effort fulfill the task given to
effort to fulfill the task given
to him/her. given to him/her.
him/her.

TOTAL
SCORE: 15
SCENARIOS

TEACHER
What is my biggest concern/worry for this school year?

SCHOOL LEADERS
You’d like to ask the school leaders to support you in teaching

online amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic.

PARENTS
Explain to parents the difference between face to face and

online learning.
SCENARIOS

STUDENT
How will you explain to your students the new normal in

education?

COLLEAGUE
You are going to report an incident that happened during

your online class. How will inform the Homeroom Adviser?

REFERENCES
https://www.google.com/searchq=action&tbm=isch&chips=q:action,g_1:wor
d:tqx313Xr2lw%3D&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwiH2KHv1N_qAhWLwIsBH(https://ww
w.espressoenglish.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/List-of-English-Verb-
Tenses.pdf
https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/grammar/verbs/common-verb-
tense-mistakes.html
https://www.lbcc.edu/sites/main/files/file-
attachments/beingconsistent_verbtense.pdf
As cited in Manicio (2015). Tense and Aspect. Personal Collection of M.
Manicio. Philippine Normal University, Manila, Philippines
Murcia, M.C. and D. Larsen-Freeman (1999).  The Grammar Book: An ESL/EFL
Teacher’s Course (2nd ed.). USA: Heinle & Heinle Publishers
Parrot, M. (2010). Grammar for English language teachers with exercises and
a key (2nd ed). UK: Cambridge University Press
 You feedback matters!
ERC Evaluation Forms

Day 1
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Day 3
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THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING,
TEACHERS!