Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ib 1810 Roundup-Web
Ib 1810 Roundup-Web
foodandwaterwatch.org
From Superweeds to Cancer: Why It’s Time to Ban Monsanto’s Roundup Weed Killer
FIGURE 1 • Total Glyphosate Use in the United States (in millions of pounds/year)
300
250 Non-Agricultural
Agricultural
200
150
100
50
0
1974 1982 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2012 2014
KDYHUHYHDOHGWKHKDUPIXOHHFWVRI5RXQGXSDQGLWV FRPPXQLW\LQ$UJHQWLQDDVZHOODVGHYHORSPHQWDO
DFWLYHLQJUHGLHQWJO\SKRVDWH GLVRUGHUVLQWKHFKLOGUHQRI0LQQHVRWDIDUPHUV10
• *O\SKRVDWHLVȊSUREDEO\FDUFLQRJHQLFWRKXPDQVȋ %HFDXVHRIWKHZLGHVSUHDGXVHRIJO\SKRVDWHKHUELFLGHV
DFFRUGLQJWRWKH:RUOG+HDOWK2UJDQL]DWLRQȇVΖQWHUQD- ȃDQGWKHZD\WKHFKHPLFDOVWUDYHOWKURXJKWKHHQYLURQ-
WLRQDO$JHQF\IRU5HVHDUFKRQ&DQFHUΖ$5&ZKLFK PHQWȃIDUPHUVDQGIDUPZRUNHUVDUHQRWWKHRQO\SHRSOH
UHYLHZHGKXQGUHGVRISXEOLFO\DYDLODEOHVWXGLHV7KH H[SRVHGWRGDQJHURXVOHYHOVRIWKHVHZHHGNLOOHUV
Ζ$5&ȇVFDQFHUUHYLHZKDVKHOSHGIXHOWKRXVDQGVRI
ODZVXLWVEURXJKWE\FRQVXPHUVZKRDUJXHWKDWWKH\ Roundup is in our food
GHYHORSHGQRQ+RGJNLQȇVO\PSKRPDWKURXJKH[SR-
%HIRUHWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIKHUELFLGHWROHUDQW*02FURSV
VXUHWR0RQVDQWRȇV5RXQGXS7
IDUPHUVW\SLFDOO\VSUD\HGKHUELFLGHVDIWHUKDUYHVWRU
• 5RXQGXSDQGLWVDFWLYHLQJUHGLHQWJO\SKRVDWHDUH EHWZHHQFURSURZVDQGRWKHUDUHDVZKHUHWKH\ZDQWHGWR
SRVVLEOHHQGRFULQHGLVUXSWRUVPHDQLQJWKDWWKH\FDQ UHPRYHDOOYHJHWDWLRQ5RXQGXS5HDG\*02YDULHWLHVDOORZ
LQWHUIHUHZLWKWKHERG\ȇVKRUPRQHVDQGOHDGWRKHDOWK farmers to spray directly onto crops, which led to a dramatic
SUREOHPV6XFKHHFWVKDYHEHHQGHPRQVWUDWHGDW LQFUHDVHLQJO\SKRVDWHXVHȃDQGWRKLJKHUUHVLGXHOHYHOV
OHYHOVEHORZWKHDOORZDEOHOLPLWIRUJO\SKRVDWHUHVLGXH RIJO\SKRVDWHRQIRRG$GGLWLRQDOO\IDUPHUVZLOOVRPH-
RQVHYHUDOIRRGSURGXFWVLQWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV8 WLPHVVSUD\JO\SKRVDWHKHUELFLGHVRQJUDLQFURSVODWHLQWKH
• (PHUJLQJUHVHDUFKVXJJHVWVWKDW5RXQGXSXVHPD\ VHDVRQWRSUHSDUHWKHȴHOGVIRUKDUYHVWDSUDFWLFHWKDWDOVR
FRQWULEXWHWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIDQWLELRWLFUHVLVWDQW LQFUHDVHVJO\SKRVDWHUHVLGXHRQIRRG25 Finally, cattle are
EDFWHULDΖQRQHVWXG\H[SRVLQJE. coli and Salmonella RIWHQIHG*02DQLPDOIHHGFRQWDLQLQJJO\SKRVDWHUHVLGXH
7\SKLPXULXPWR5RXQGXSLQFUHDVHGWKHEDFWHULDȇV ZKLFKFDQDFFXPXODWHLQWKHLURUJDQVDQGPXVFOHV
WROHUDQFHWRFHUWDLQW\SHVRIDQWLELRWLFV7KLVRFFXUUHG ΖQWKH86)RRGDQG'UXJ$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ)'$
DWFRQFHQWUDWLRQVEHORZWKHDSSOLFDWLRQUDWHVSHFLȴHG EHJDQWHVWLQJIRUJO\SKRVDWHUHVLGXHLQIRRGDOWKRXJKWKH
RQWKHODEHO results are limited as they only looked at four products
• *O\SKRVDWHKHUELFLGHXVHPD\EHEHKLQGDULVHLQ FRUQVR\EHDQVPLONDQGHJJV*O\SKRVDWHUHVLGXHVGLG
UHSURGXFWLYHLVVXHVDQGELUWKGHIHFWVLQDIDUPLQJ QRWH[FHHGIHGHUDOOLPLWVLQWKHVHVDPSOHV 27 However, doc-
foodandwaterwatch.org 2
From Superweeds to Cancer: Why It’s Time to Ban Monsanto’s Roundup Weed Killer
foodandwaterwatch.org 3
From Superweeds to Cancer: Why It’s Time to Ban Monsanto’s Roundup Weed Killer
OLQNHGWRWKHGHFOLQHRIPRQDUFKEXWWHUȵ\SRSXODWLRQV
VLQFHJO\SKRVDWHLVHHFWLYHLQNLOOLQJPLONZHHGDSODQW
WKDWPRQDUFKODUYDHIHHGRQ0RQDUFKHJJSURGXFWLRQ
LQWKH0LGZHVWGURSSHGSHUFHQWEHWZHHQDQG
FRLQFLGLQJZLWKWKHDGRSWLRQRI5RXQGXS5HDG\
FURSVDQGDVLJQLȴFDQWGHFOLQHLQDJULFXOWXUDOPLONZHHG
SRSXODWLRQV
foodandwaterwatch.org
From Superweeds to Cancer: Why It’s Time to Ban Monsanto’s Roundup Weed Killer
ZKLFKFRPELQHVJO\SKRVDWHDQG'DQGLVLQWHQGHG
WREHXVHGRQ*02FURSVWROHUDQWWRERWKKHUELFLGHV50
Which GMO crops are grown with Roundup?
+RZHYHUWKH:RUOG+HDOWK2UJDQL]DWLRQFODVVLȴHV'
DVȊSRVVLEO\FDUFLQRJHQLFȋDQGWKHKHUELFLGHLVDOVRSURQH 7KHȴUVWWKUHHȊ5RXQGXS5HDG\ȋ*02FURSVWREHLQWUR-
WRGULIWLQJLQFUHDVLQJWKHFKDQFHRIH[SRVXUHWRSHRSOH GXFHGZHUHFRUQFRWWRQDQGVR\EHDQVLQ217RGD\
ZLOGOLIHDQGQHLJKERULQJȴHOGVRIVHQVLWLYHRURUJDQLF FURSVJHQHWLFDOO\PRGLȴHGIRUKHUELFLGHWROHUDQFHDQG
FURSV51(QYLURQPHQWDODQGIDPLO\IDUPJURXSVDUHFKDO- RWKHUWUDLWVPDNHXSSHUFHQWRIDOOFRUQDQG
OHQJLQJ(QOLVW'XRȇVUHJLVWUDWLRQLQFRXUWDUJXLQJWKDWWKH SHUFHQWRIDOOVR\EHDQVDQGXSODQGFRWWRQJURZQLQWKH
(3$IDLOHGWRFRQGXFWDIXOODVVHVVPHQWRIWKHZHHGNLOOHUȇV 8QLWHG6WDWHV22
HQYLURQPHQWDOLPSDFWV52 2WKHUFURSVZLWK5RXQGXS5HDG\YDULHWLHVLQFOXGHDQL-
([SDQGLQJWKHXVHRIGLFDPEDDQG'PD\QRWEHD PDOIHHGFURSVOLNHDOIDOIDDQGFRPPRGLWLHVOLNHFDQROD
ORQJWHUPVROXWLRQLILWJLYHVULVHWRVXSHUZHHGVUHVLVWDQW DQGVXJDUEHHWVWKDWDUHSURFHVVHGLQWRKXPDQIRRG
WRWKHIRUPXODV7KLVGHFLVLRQWRUHVSRQGWRWKHHPHU- SURGXFWVDQGDGGLWLYHV23
JHQFHRIJO\SKRVDWHUHVLVWDQWZHHGVZLWKDQH[WJHQHUD- 7KHUHPDLQLQJFRUQDQGVR\FURSVJURZQLQWKH8QLWHG
WLRQRI*02FURSVWKDWUHO\RQHYHQPRUHKHUELFLGHV 6WDWHVDUHHLWKHUFRQYHQWLRQDOQRQ*02RURUJDQLF
LOOXVWUDWHVWKDWWKHEHQHȴFLDULHVRIZLGHVSUHDGKHUELFLGH 2UJDQLFFURSVFDQQRWEHJURZQIURP*02VHHGVQRU
XVHDUHQRWIDUPHUVEXWWKHFKHPLFDOFRPSDQLHVWKDWVHOO FDQWKH\EHVSUD\HGZLWKPRVWV\QWKHWLFVXEVWDQFHVOLNH
*02VHHGVDQGDɝOLDWHGKHUELFLGHV 5RXQGXS$GGLWLRQDOO\RUJDQLFFURSVDUHSHULRGLFDOO\
WHVWHGWRVHHLIWKH\FRQWDLQFKHPLFDORU*02UHVLGXH
Our government is failing 2UJDQLFIDUPHUVWDNHPHDVXUHVOLNHSODQWLQJȊEXHU
]RQHVȋDURXQGWKHLUȴHOGVWRDYRLGFURVVFRQWDPLQDWLRQ24
to regulate Roundup
0RUHDQGPRUHVWXGLHVDUHUHYHDOLQJJO\SKRVDWHȇVSRWHQWLDO
WRKDUPWKHHQYLURQPHQWDQGRXUKHDOWK+RZHYHUGDWD
IURPLQLWLDOVDIHW\VWXGLHVRIJO\SKRVDWHWKDWFRQFOXGHGWKH
FKHPLFDOZDVȊSUDFWLFDOO\QRQWR[LFȋFRQWLQXHWRPDNHWKHLU
ZD\LQWRUHYLHZVWKDWDUHXVHGE\DJHQFLHVOLNHWKH(3$53
7KHVHHDUO\VWXGLHVZHUHOLPLWHGLQVFRSHIRUVHYHUDO
UHDVRQV )LUVWWKH\DVVXPHGWKDWJO\SKRVDWHZRXOGQRW
EHWR[LFWRKXPDQVEHFDXVHLWLVGHVLJQHGWRGLVUXSWDQ
HQ]\PHWKDWYHUWHEUDWHVGRQRWKDYHKRZHYHUVWXGLHV
KDYHVLQFHGHPRQVWUDWHGLWVWR[LFHHFWRQYHUWHEUDWHV
6HFRQGPDQ\VWXGLHVWHVWHGWKHWR[LFLW\RIWKHDFWLYH
LQJUHGLHQWJO\SKRVDWHLQLVRODWLRQKRZHYHUVHYHUDOVWXGLHV
VXJJHVWWKDWWKHFRPELQDWLRQRILQJUHGLHQWVLQ5RXQGXS KDUPIURPJO\SKRVDWHWKDQVWXGLHVWDNHQIURPWKHRSHQ
DQGRWKHUJO\SKRVDWHKHUELFLGHVFDQEHPRUHWR[LFWKDQ OLWHUDWXUH)RUH[DPSOHWKHLQFRUSRUDWHGWHVWVIURPRSHQ
JO\SKRVDWHDORQH Finally, these initial safety studies were OLWHUDWXUHVWXGLHVRQJHQRWR[LFLW\WKHDELOLW\WRGDPDJH
IXQGHGE\WKHFRPSDQLHVORRNLQJWRJHWWKHLUSURGXFWV FHOO'1$ZHUHWLPHVPRUHOLNHO\WRVXJJHVWHYLGHQFHRI
DSSURYHGIRUVDOHFUHDWLQJLQKHUHQWELDVHV55 In fact, two JO\SKRVDWHȇVJHQRWR[LFLW\WKDQWKRVHIURPLQGXVWU\VWXG-
RIWKHODERUDWRULHVFRQWUDFWHGE\0RQVDQWRWRFRQGXFW LHV<HWWKH(3$HHFWLYHO\GURZQHGRXWWKHVHȴQGLQJVE\
LQLWLDOJO\SKRVDWHVWXGLHVZHUHODWHUH[SRVHGIRUKDYLQJ ȵRRGLQJWKHUHYLHZZLWKLQGXVWU\VWXGLHV57
FRPPLWWHGVFLHQWLȴFIUDXG
%RWKWKH(3$2ɝFHRI5HVHDUFKDQG'HYHORSPHQW25'
'LVDSSRLQWLQJO\WKH(3$ȇVODWHVWJO\SKRVDWHFDQFHUDVVHVV- DQGWKHLQGHSHQGHQW6FLHQWLȴF$GYLVRU\3DQHOWDVNHGZLWK
PHQWIURP'HFHPEHUQDUURZO\IRFXVHGRQWKHFDUFL- UHYLHZLQJWKHDVVHVVPHQWH[SUHVVHGFRQFHUQVRYHUKRZ
QRJHQLFSRWHQWLDORIWKHDFWLYHLQJUHGLHQWJO\SKRVDWHDQG WKHDVVHVVPHQWZDVFRQGXFWHGZLWKWKH25'DQGVRPH
QRWZKROHKHUELFLGHIRUPXODWLRQVOLNH5RXQGXS$GGLWLRQ- $GYLVRU\3DQHOPHPEHUVGLVDJUHHLQJZLWKWKHȴQGLQJRI
DOO\WKH(3$UHOLHGKHDYLO\RQXQSXEOLVKHGLQGXVWU\VWXG- Ȋ1RWOLNHO\WREHFDUFLQRJHQLFWRKXPDQVȋ+RZHYHUWKH
LHVZKLFKZHUHPXFKPRUHOLNHO\WRȴQGQRHYLGHQFHRI (3$GLVPLVVHGPDQ\RIWKHLUFRQFHUQVDQGPDLQWDLQHGWKH
foodandwaterwatch.org 5
From Superweeds to Cancer: Why It’s Time to Ban Monsanto’s Roundup Weed Killer
ORZHVWSRVVLEOHFDQFHUUDWLQJIRUJO\SKRVDWH587KLVDOORZV
0RQVDQWRWRFRQWLQXHWRVHOO5RXQGXSZLWKRXWDQ\FDQFHU
ZDUQLQJODEHOSXWWLQJWKHSXEOLFDWULVN
ΖQWKHDEVHQFHRIULJRURXVIHGHUDORYHUVLJKWVWDWHVDQG
PXQLFLSDOLWLHVDUHOHDGLQJWKHZD\LQSURWHFWLQJWKH
SXEOLFIURPJO\SKRVDWH&DOLIRUQLDDGGHGJO\SKRVDWH
WRLWV3URSRVLWLRQOLVWRIFKHPLFDOVNQRZQWRFDXVH
FDQFHURUELUWKGHIHFWVDOWKRXJK0RQVDQWRDQGYDULRXV
DJULFXOWXUDOJURXSVDUHFXUUHQWO\WU\LQJWRRYHUWXUQWKLV
GHFLVLRQLQIHGHUDOFRXUW$QXPEHURI86FLWLHVKDYH
DOVRUHVWULFWHGQRQDJULFXOWXUDOXVHRIJO\SKRVDWHDQGD
KDQGIXORIFRXQWULHVKDYHEDQQHGRUUHVWULFWHGWKHXVH
RIJO\SKRVDWHKHUELFLGHV(YHQVRPRUHWKDQ\HDUV
VLQFHJO\SKRVDWHZDVȴUVWLQWURGXFHGWKHHQYLURQPHQW
DQGRXUERGLHVFRQWLQXHWRVHUYHDVWKHPDLQWHVWVXE-
MHFWVIRUJO\SKRVDWHȇVLPSDFWV
Endnotes
%HQEURRN&KDUOHV0Ȋ7UHQGVLQJO\SKRVDWHKHUELFLGHXVHLQWKH cides, Volume 112: IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic
8QLWHG6WDWHVDQGJOREDOO\ȋ Environmental Sciences Europe.9RO Risks to Humans/\RQΖ$5&DWWR5RPR9DQHVVDȊ-XU\
1R)HEUXDU\DW DZDUGVWHUPLQDOO\LOOPDQPLOOLRQLQODZVXLWDJDLQVW0RQVDQWRȋ
0RQVDQWR>%DFNJURXQGHU@Ȋ+LVWRU\RI0RQVDQWRȇV*O\SKRVDWH+HUEL- NPR.$XJXVW*LOODP&DUH\865LJKWWR.QRZȊ/DQGPDUN
FLGHVȋ-XQHDW ODZVXLWFODLPV0RQVDQWRKLGFDQFHUGDQJHURIZHHGNLOOHUIRUGH-
FDGHVȋGuardian8.0D\
%HQEURRNDWDQG0RUWHQVHQ'DYLG$HWDOȊ1DYLJDWLQJD
FULWLFDOMXQFWXUHIRUVXVWDLQDEOHZHHGPDQDJHPHQWȋBioScience9RO 8QLYHUVLW\RI0LFKLJDQ(QYLURQPHQWDO+HDOWK6FLHQFH&HQWHURI
1R-DQXDU\DW ([FHOOHQFH>)DFWVKHHW@Ȋ:KDWDUHHQGRFULQHGLVUXSWRUVȋ-XQH
DWDQG&ODLUPLOLHHWDOȊ$JO\SKRVDWHEDVHGKHUELFLGHLQGXFHV
%HQEURRNDWDQG
necrosis and apoptosis in mature rat testicular cells in vitro, and tes-
5 Ibid.DWDQG WRVWHURQHGHFUHDVHDWORZHUOHYHOVȋToxicology in Vitro9RO1R
0RQVDQWRDW 0DUFKDWWRDQG*DVQLHU&«OLQHHWDOȊ*O\SKRVDWHEDVHG
:RUOG+HDOWK2UJDQL]DWLRQΖQWHUQDWLRQDO$JHQF\IRU5HVHDUFKRQ KHUELFLGHVDUHWR[LFDQGHQGRFULQHGLVUXSWRUVLQKXPDQFHOOOLQHVȋ
&DQFHUΖ$5&Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbi- Toxicology.9RO1R$XJXVWDWDQGWR
&)5i
foodandwaterwatch.org
From Superweeds to Cancer: Why It’s Time to Ban Monsanto’s Roundup Weed Killer
foodandwaterwatch.org 7
From Superweeds to Cancer: Why It’s Time to Ban Monsanto’s Roundup Weed Killer
info@fwwatch.org
202.683.2500 (DC) • 510.922.0720 (CA)
foodandwaterwatch.org Copyright © October 2018 Food & Water Watch
)RRG :DWHU:DWFKFKDPSLRQVKHDOWK\IRRGDQGFOHDQZDWHUIRUDOO:HVWDQGXSWRFRUSRUDWLRQVWKDWSXWSURȴWV
before people, and advocate for a democracy that improves people’s lives and protects our environment.