M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

11. [Indices]
Skill 11.1 Evaluating whole numbers in index form.
• Observe the index. The index tells you how many times to multiply the base by itself.

5 to the
power of 4
Index
Base 54
5 multiplied by itself
54 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 4 times

60 = 1 31 = 3 4 2 = 4 × 4 = 16 2 3 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 8
number to the power of 0 = 1 number to the power of 1 = itself 4 squared 2 cubed

Q. 2 5 = A. 2 5 =
2 multiplied by itself
= 2×2×2×2×2 5 times
= 32

a) 34 = b) 2 3 = c) 26 =

= .........................................
3×3×3×3 = 81 = .........................................
2×2×2 = = .........................................
=

d) 5 2 = e) 17 = f) 42 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) 7 2 = h) 6 3 = i) 10 3 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) 35 = k) 73 = l) 92 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) 8 1 = n) 9 0 = o) 0 7 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) 4 3 = q) 1 10 = r) 10 4 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 1

 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.2 Evaluating powers with fraction bases.

• Observe the index. The index tells you how many times to multiply the numerator
by itself and the denominator by itself.
2 multiplied by itself
numerator, 2 to 3 times
the power of 3 Index 3
⎛ 2⎞
3
⎛ 2⎞ 2×2×2 8
Base ⎜ ⎟ ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125
⎝ 5⎠ 5
denominator, 5 to
the power of 3 5 multiplied by itself
3 times

2 2
⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ 3⎞
Q. ⎜ ⎟ = A. ⎜ ⎟ =
⎝ 7⎠ ⎝ 7⎠
3 multiplied by itself
3×3 2 times
=
7×7 7 multiplied by itself
2 times
9
=
49
3 3 2
⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 2⎞
a) ⎜⎝ 10 ⎟⎠ = b) ⎜ ⎟ =
⎝ 5⎠
c) ⎜⎝ 7 ⎟⎠ =
3×3×3
= = 27 = = = =
10 × 10 × 10
......................................... 1000 ......................................... .........................................

2 3 2
⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 2⎞ ⎛ 3⎞
d) ⎜ ⎟ = e) ⎜⎝ 3 ⎟⎠ = f) ⎜⎝ 8 ⎟⎠ =
⎝ 10 ⎠

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

2 2 4
⎛ 6⎞ ⎛ 4⎞ ⎛ 1⎞
g) ⎜ ⎟ = h) ⎜ ⎟ = i) ⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠ =
⎝ 11 ⎠ ⎝ 9⎠

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

5 3 3
⎛ 2⎞ ⎛ 4⎞ ⎛ 7⎞
j) ⎜⎝ 3 ⎟⎠ = k) ⎜⎝ 5 ⎟⎠ = l) ⎜⎝ 10 ⎟⎠ =

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

3 2 2
⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ 5⎞ ⎛ 6⎞
m) ⎜ ⎟ = n) ⎜ ⎟ = o) ⎜ ⎟ =
⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 8⎠ ⎝ 11 ⎠

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

4 4 2
⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ 3⎞ ⎛ 9⎞
p) ⎜ ⎟ = q) ⎜ ⎟ = r) ⎜⎝ 13 ⎟⎠ =
⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 10 ⎠

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

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M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.3 Multiplying powers with the same base.

• Add the indices of like numbers or like pronumerals.

Example: 8 3 × 8 4 = 8 × 8 × 8 × 8 × 8 × 8 × 8
= 83 + 4 In general: a m × a n = a m + n
= 87

• The size of the new index tells you how many times to multiply the base by itself.

Q. Evaluate 6 × 6 2 A. 6 × 62
add the indices
= 61 + 2
= 63
= 6×6×6
= 216

a) Evaluate 2 3 × 2 b) Evaluate 3 2 × 3 3 c) Evaluate 2 × 2 2

23 + 1 = 24
= ............................................................... = ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
=

= .........................................
2×2×2×2 = 16 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) Evaluate 5 3 × 5 e) Evaluate 4 × 4 2 f) Evaluate 3 2 × 3 2

= ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
=

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) Evaluate 3 × 3 4 h) Evaluate 5 2 × 5 i) Evaluate 6 3 × 6

= ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
=

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) Simplify x 3 × x 6 k) Simplify z × z 3 l) Simplify y 3 × y 2

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) Simplify d × d 6 n) Simplify ab 2 × a 4b 2 o) Simplify fg 2 × f 4g

5 4
= .........................................
= a1 + 4 × b2 + 2 = a b
= ......................................... = .........................................
=

p) Simplify cd 3 × c 2d 2 q) Simplify bc × b 3c 2 r) Simplify u 3v 2 × uv 3

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

s) Simplify l 2m 3 × lm 4 t) Simplify a 3b × ab u) Simplify g 2h 2 × gh 2

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

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 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.4 Dividing powers with the same base.

• Subtract the indices of like numbers or like pronumerals.

= 8× 8× 8× 8× 8
5
Example: 8 5 ÷ 8 3 = 8
83 8× 8× 8 In general: a m ÷ a n = a m − n
= 8 5 − 3 = 8 2 = 64
• The size of the new index tells you how many times to multiply the base by itself.
Hint: A number or a pronumeral without an index actually is to the power of 1.

Q. Evaluate 2 9 ÷ 2 3 A. 29 ÷ 23
subtract the exponents
= 29 − 3
= 26
= 2×2×2×2×2×2
= 64

a) Evaluate 4 3 ÷ 4 b) Evaluate 3 8 ÷ 3 4 c) Evaluate 2 7 ÷ 2 2

43 − 1 = 42
= ............................................................... = ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
=

= .........................................
4×4 = 16 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) Evaluate 6 4 ÷ 6 e) Evaluate 9 6 ÷ 9 4 f) Evaluate 5 8 ÷ 5 5

= ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
=

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

88 74 10 9
g) Evaluate 5 h) Evaluate 2 i) Evaluate
8 7 10 6

88 − 5
= ...............................................................
= 83 = ...............................................................
= = ...............................................................
=

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) Simplify t 4 ÷ t 3 k) Simplify p 8 ÷ p 2 l) Simplify r 9 ÷ r 2

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j8 q9 y7
m) Simplify n) Simplify 4 o) Simplify
j3 q y5

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=
p6q 4 a 5 b3 t 4 u6
p) Simplify q) Simplify r) Simplify
p 3q 2 ab tu 2

= ...............................................................
(p 6 ÷ p 3) × (q 4 ÷ q 2) = ............................................................... = ...............................................................
3 2
p6 − 3 × q4 − 2 = p q
= ......................................... = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

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M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.5 Multiplying powers with coefficients and with the same base.
• Multiply the coefficients.
• Add the indices of like pronumerals.

Example: 2a 3 × 3a 2 = 2 × 3 × a × a × a × a × a
= 6a 3 + 2 = 6a 5
Hint: A number or a pronumeral without an index actually is to the power of 1.

Q. Simplify 7a × a 3 A. 7a × a 3
= (7 × 1) × (a 1 × a 3)
multiply the coefficients
= 7a 1 + 3 add the indices
= 7a 4
a) Simplify 3t 4 × 3t b) Simplify x 3 × 2x c) Simplify 2p 2 × 2p

= ................................................................
(3 × 3) × (t 4 × t 1) = ............................................................... = ...............................................................
5
9t 4 + 1 = 9t
= ........................................... = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) Simplify 2b × 3b 2 e) Simplify 2d 2 × 4d 4 f) Simplify 3m 3 × 5m 5

= ................................................................ = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= ...........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) Simplify 4s 2 × 6s 3 h) Simplify 5a 4 × 2a 6 i) Simplify 7k 2 × k 7

= ................................................................ = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= ...........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) Simplify 6c 6 × 3c 5 k) Simplify 2y × y 7 l) Simplify 7w 8 × 4w

= ................................................................ = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= ...........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) Simplify 2r × 8r n) Simplify 5g 4 × 5g 4 o) Simplify y 8 × 6y 5

= ................................................................ = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= ...........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) Simplify 10a 2 × 2a 4 q) Simplify 7p 3 × 5p 6 r) Simplify 3d 7 × 12d

= ................................................................ = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= ...........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

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 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.6 Dividing powers with coefficients and with the same base.
• Divide the coefficients.
• Subtract the indices of like pronumerals.

Example: 12a 5 ÷ 4a 2 = (12 ÷ 4) × (a 5 ÷ a 2) OR 12a 5 12 × a × a × a × a × a

=
= 3 × a5 − 2 4a 2 4× a× a
3
= 3a 3 12a
= = 3a 3
4
Hint: A number or a pronumeral without an index actually is to the power of 1.

Q. Simplify 10j 6 ÷ 5j 3 A. 10j 6 ÷ 5j 3 =

= (10 ÷ 5) × (j 6 ÷ j 3) subtract the indices

= 2 × j6 − 3
= 2j 3

a) Simplify 8c 4 ÷ 2c 3 b) Simplify 6a 5 ÷ 2a 2 c) Simplify 8h 7 ÷ 2h 3

= ...............................................................
(8 ÷ 2) × (c 4 ÷ c 3) = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
4×c = 4c = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) Simplify 10m 9 ÷ 2m e) Simplify 5z 8 ÷ 5z 4 f) Simplify 12f 7 ÷ 2f 2

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

8u11 12b 3 6w 5
g) Simplify h) Simplify i) Simplify
4u 7 6b 2w 2

= ...............................................................
(8 ÷ 4) × (u 11 ÷ u 7 ) = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

2 × u 11 − 7
= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

18v 12 25x 13 16n7

j) Simplify k) Simplify l) Simplify
9v 9 5x 2n 2

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

7e 10 14q 6 9w 6
m) Simplify n) Simplify o) Simplify
e6 7q 6 3w 2

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

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M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.7 Raising a product to a power.

• Raise each number or pronumeral in the product to the index.

Example: (ab ) 3 = a 3 × b 3 = a 3b 3 In general: (ab ) m = a m × b m

• Multiply from left to right.

Hint: A number or a pronumeral without an index actually is to the power of 1.

Q. Simplify 5(2x) 3 A. 5(2x) 3

= 5 × 23 × x3
= 5 × 8 × x3
= 40x 3
a) Simplify (2x) 4 b) Simplify (5y) 3 c) Simplify (2v) 6

= ...............................................................
24 × x4 = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= 16x 4
= .........................................
16 × x 4 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) Simplify (tu) 4 e) Simplify (fg) 2 f) Simplify (de) f

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) Simplify (6m) 3 h) Simplify (7r) 2 i) Simplify (3p) 4

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) Simplify (2b) 2 k) Simplify (5y) 3 l) Simplify (4k) 3

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) Simplify 6(2y) 3 n) Simplify 2(2q) 2 o) Simplify 4(2n) 3

= ...............................................................
6 × 23 × y3 = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= 48y 3
= .........................................
6 × 8 × y3 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) Simplify 5(2v) 5 q) Simplify 3(4s) 2 r) Simplify 8(3h) 2

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 7

 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.8 Raising a power to another power.

• Multiply the indices of the number or pronumeral.

Example: (a 2)4 = a 2 × a 2 × a 2 × a 2 = a 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 In general: (a m) n = a m × n

= a2 × 4
= a8

Hint: A number or a pronumeral without an index actually is to the power of 1.

Q. Simplify (m y) z A. (m y) z
multiply the exponents
= my × z
= m yz

a) Simplify (y 4) 2 b) Simplify (r 4) 4 c) Simplify (x 2) 5

y4 × y4 = y4 + 4
= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

y4 × 2
= ..........................................
= y8 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) Simplify (a e) f e) Simplify (p q) r f) Simplify (t u) v

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) Simplify (d 2) 2 h) Simplify (h 3) 2 i) Simplify (n 4) 3

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) Simplify (w 5) 0 k) Simplify (a 4) 5 l) Simplify (g 2) 5

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) Simplify 2(b 3) 2 n) Simplify 4(q 3) 3 o) Simplify 5(z 3) 2

= ...............................................................
2 × (b 3) 2 = ............................................................... = ...............................................................
6
2 × b3 × 2 = 4b
= ......................................... = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) Simplify 6(c 4) 3 q) Simplify 8(w 4) 2 r) Simplify 7(k 3) 5

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 8

M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.9 Raising a negative number to a power.

• Observe the index.

(−5) 2 = −5 × −5 (−5) 3 = −5 × −5 × −5
= +25 Even index = +25 × −5
Positive result = −125 Odd index
Negative result

Q. Evaluate (−4) 3 A. (−4 3) odd index

= −4 × −4 × −4
= −64 negative result

even index
a) Evaluate (−9) 2 b) Evaluate (−2) 2 c) Evaluate (−1) 5

= −9 × −9 =
.........................................
81 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=
positive result

d) Evaluate (−4) 2 e) Evaluate (−8) 2 f) Evaluate (−2) 4

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) Evaluate (−1) 7 h) Evaluate (−2) 6 i) Evaluate (−3) 3

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) Evaluate (−5) 1 k) Evaluate (−4) 4 l) Evaluate (−7) 3

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) Evaluate (−6) 3 n) Evaluate (−7) 2 o) Evaluate (−5) 4

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) Evaluate (−3) 4 q) Evaluate (−5) 3 r) Evaluate (−10) 4

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

s) Evaluate (−10) 3 t) Evaluate (−12) 2 u) Evaluate (−1) 12

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

v) Evaluate (−15) 2 w) Evaluate (−11) 3 x) Evaluate (−1) 123

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 9

 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 11.10 Raising a number to a negative power.

• Write the reciprocal of the base number.
• Raise this reciprocal to the corresponding positive index.
Positive index 1
Negative index
⎛ 1⎞
2
1 In general: a−n = n
a−2 = ⎜ ⎟ = 2 a
Base ⎝ a⎠ Reciprocal a

Q. Evaluate 4 −2 A. 4 −2
1
= Write the reciprocal of 4
42
1
= Multiply 4 by itself
4×4 2 times
1
=
16

a) Evaluate 10 −3 b) Evaluate 3 −3 c) Evaluate 2 −2

1 1
= = = = = =
10 × 10 × 10
......................................... 1000 ......................................... .........................................

d) Evaluate 4 −3 e) Evaluate 7 −1 f) Evaluate 8 −2

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

g) Evaluate 9 −2 h) Evaluate 2 −4 i) Evaluate 5 −4

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

j) Evaluate 6 −3 k) Evaluate 5 −2 l) Evaluate 3 −5

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

m) Evaluate 2 −5 n) Evaluate 10 −4 o) Evaluate 4 −4

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

p) Evaluate 2 −6 q) Evaluate 3 −3 r) Evaluate 6 −2

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

s) Evaluate 10 −2 t) Evaluate 5 −3 u) Evaluate 1 −25

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 10

M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

12. [Square Roots]

Skill 12.1 Calculating square roots of perfect squares.
• Estimate which number, multiplied by itself, produces the number under the square root sign.
• Check your estimation by multiplying your guess by itself.
Hint: Calculating the square root is the opposite to squaring.

Q. 2500 = A. 2500 =
= 50 × 50
= 50

a) 25 = b) 4= c) 9=

= .........................................
5×5 = 5 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) 49 = e) 81 = f) 64 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) 121 = h) 1= i) 169 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) 16 = k) 36 = l) 400 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) 100 = n) 196 = o) 144 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) 225 = q) 256 = r) 10 000 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

s) 3600 = t) 8100 = u) 4900 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

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 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 12.2 Calculating square roots of perfect squares in fraction form.

• If the number is a mixed number, convert it to an improper fraction first.
• Estimate which number multiplied by itself produces the numerator.
• Estimate which number multiplied by itself produces the denominator.
• Check your estimation by multiplying your guess by itself.
Hint: Calculating the square root is the opposite to squaring.

4 4
Q. 5 = A. 5 =
9 9
Change the mixed number
5× 9+ 4 to an improper fraction
=
9
49 49 7 ×7 Find the square root of the
= = = numerator and the denominator
9 9 3×3

=
7
=2
1
3 3

1 1 4
a) = b) = c) =
36 16 25
1 1 1
= × = = = = =
6 6
......................................... 6 ......................................... .........................................

100 16 25
d) = e) = f) =
144 121 81

= = = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

7 1 11
g) 1 = h) 2 = i) 1 =
9 4 25

= = = = = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

1 17 1
j) 20 = k) 1 = l) 3 =
4 64 16

= = = = = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

1 15 21
m) 11 = n) 1 = o) 4 =
9 49 25

= = = = = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

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M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 12.3 Calculating square roots of perfect squares in decimal form.

• Estimate which number, multiplied by itself, produces the number under the square root sign.
• Check your estimation by multiplying your guess by itself.
• Given the number is a decimal number consider the position of the decimal point.
Hint: Calculating the square root is the opposite to squaring.

Q. 0.04 = A. 0.04 =
= 0.2 × 0.2
= 0.2

a) 0.01 = b) 0.16 = c) 0.25 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) 0.36 = e) 1.69 = f) 0.64 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) 1.96 = h) 0.09 = i) 2.56 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) 0.49 = k) 6.25 = l) 0.81 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) 1.44 = n) 1.21 = o) 2.25 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) 4.41 = q) 5.76 = r) 6.76 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

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 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 12.4 Calculating multiples of square roots.

• Find the square root. (see skill 12.1, page 123)
• Multiply the whole numbers.

Q. 3 81 = A. 3 81 =
= 3 × 9×9
= 3×9
= 27

a) 2 64 = b) 4 9 = c) 3 16 =

× 8×8
= 2............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= 2.........................................
×8 = = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) 2 49 = e) 4 25 = f) 2 144 =

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) 6 100 = h) 7 36 = i) 4 64 =

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) 2 169 = k) 2 900 = l) 5 121 =

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) 4 225 = n) 2 625 = o) 5 1600 =

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) 3 400 = q) 6 2500 = r) 10 0.25 =

= ............................................................... = ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 14

M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 12.5 Multiplying square roots of perfect squares.

• Find the square roots. (see skill 12.1, page 123)
• Multiply the whole numbers.
9 × 9 = 9×9 =9

The square root of any number

multiplied by itself
equals the number

Q. 2 49 × 49 = A. 2 49 × 49 =
= 2 × 49
= 98

a) 36 × 36 = 36 b) 7× 7= c) 25 × 25 =

81 × 25 = e) 16 × 9 = f) 49 × 64 =
d)

= .........................................
9×5 = 45 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) 121 × 3 9 = h) 3 16 × 100 = i) 36 × 4 25 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) 9 × 2 49 = k) 144 × 4 4 = l) 2 36 × 25 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) 2 25 × 64 = n) 169 × 2 9 = o) 2 4 × 3 121 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) 4 9 × 2 100 = q) 3 64 × 2 49 = r) 5 36 × 2 144 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 15

 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 12.6 Dividing square roots of perfect squares.

• Find the square roots.
(see skill 12.1, page 123) The square root of any number 9
• Divide the whole numbers. divided by itself = 9÷ 9=1
equals 1 9

81 81 Find the square root of the

Q. = A. = numerator and the denominator
9 9
9
=
3
=3

a) 64 ÷ 16 = b) 100 ÷ 25 = c) 36 ÷ 9 =

= 8.........................................
÷4 = 2 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) 900 ÷ 36 = e) 144 ÷ 4 = f) 196 ÷ 49 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

400 144 900

g) = h) = i) =
16 9 25
= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

j) 8 4÷2 4 = k) 4 100 ÷ 2 25 = l) 4 900 ÷ 2 9 =

= (8 × 2) ÷ (2 × 2)
...............................................................
= ............................................................... = ...............................................................

= 16 ÷4 =
.........................................
= .........................................
= = .........................................
=

4 9 2 400 3 25
m) = n) = o) =
9 4 9

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

2 100 5 64 4 36
p) = q) = r) =
25 16 2 4

= = = = = =
......................................... ......................................... .........................................

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 16

M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 12.7 Adding and subtracting square roots of perfect squares.

• Find the square roots. (see skill 12.1, page 123)
• Add or subtract the whole numbers.
Hint: Square roots that are not alike cannot be added or subtracted.

16 + 4 ≠ 16 + 4 16 − 4 ≠ 16 − 4
4 + 2 ≠ 20 4 − 2 ≠ 12

Q. 25 + 25 + 25 + 25 = 100 A. 25 + 25 + 25 + 25 = 100
True or false? 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 10
20 = 10
False

a) 64 − 9 = b) 100 + 36 = c) 25 + 49 =

= 8.........................................
−3 = 5 = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

d) 196 − 49 = e) 144 − 64 = f) 81 + 121 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

g) 9 + 16 = h) 36 + 64 = i) 49 − 25 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

j) 25 + 100 = k) 144 + 49 = l) 144 + 256 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

m) 400 − 81 = n) 121 − 100 = o) 169 − 144 =

= .........................................
= = .........................................
= = .........................................
=

p) 169 − 25 = 144 q) 4+ 4= 9 r) 64 + 36 = 100

True or false? True or false? True or false?

............................................................... ............................................................... ...............................................................

.................................... .................................... ....................................

s) 64 − 25 = 9 t) 100 − 36 = 64 u) 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 36
True or false? True or false? True or false?

............................................................... ............................................................... ...............................................................

.................................... .................................... ....................................

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 17

 M@thematic is the Queen of Sciences

Skill 12.8 Estimating square roots.

• Find the perfect squares greater than (>) and less than (<) the number.

Q. Between which two consecutive A. 4 < 8 < 9

whole numbers does 8 lie? 4< 8< 9
8
4=2
4 9 16 25

9=3 2 3 4 5

2< 8 <3
The answer is 2 & 3

a) Between which two consecutive b) Between which two consecutive

whole numbers does 72 lie? whole numbers does 10 lie?

64 = 8 81 = 9 8 &9 &
..................................................................... .....................................................................

c) Between which two consecutive d) Between which two consecutive

whole numbers does 5 lie? whole numbers does 60 lie?

.....................................................................
& .....................................................................
&

e) Between which two consecutive f) Between which two consecutive

whole numbers does 34 lie? whole numbers does 24 lie?

.....................................................................
& .....................................................................
&

g) Between which two consecutive h) Between which two consecutive

whole numbers does 80 lie? whole numbers does 145 lie?

.....................................................................
& .....................................................................
&

i) Between which two consecutive j) Between which two consecutive

whole numbers does 56 lie? whole numbers does 150 lie?

.....................................................................
& .....................................................................
&

k) Between which two consecutive l) Between which two consecutive

whole numbers does 99 lie? whole numbers does 138 lie?

.....................................................................
& .....................................................................
&

Math tutoring - Teacher Duy 0793 574 476 page 18