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R2←R2−2R1
R3←R3−3R1 R2←−R2
     
2 4 6 4 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 2
 2 R4←R4−4R1 R3←−R3/2
3 β 1  R1←R1/2  2 3 β 1   0 −1 β−6 −3 

 3
 >  >   >
4 1 0   3 4 1 0   0 −2 −8 −6 
4 8 12 α 4 8 12 α 0 0 0 α−8

R1←R1−2R2
     
1 2 3 2 1 2 3 2 1 0 −5 −4
 0 R2↔R3  R3←R3−R2
1 6−β 3  0 1 4 3   0 1 4 3 

 0
 >  >  
1 4 3   0 1 6−β 3   0 0 β−2 0 
0 0 0 α−8 0 0 0 α−8 0 0 0 α−8
 α 6= 8
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α = 8g
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1 0 −5 −4
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0   0 0 0 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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1  
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x = −4 + 5z g y = 3 − 4z g
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z 0 1
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1 4 3  R3←R3/(β−2)  0 1 4 3   0 1 0 3 

 0
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0 β−2 0   0 0 1 0   0 0 1 0 
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
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A11 = (−1) ¯
¯ 2 =4 A12 = (−1) ¯ = −2 A13 = (−1) ¯ = −12
1 ¯ ¯ 4 1 ¯ ¯ 4 2 ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
2+1
¯ 1 5 ¯¯ 2+2
¯ 3 5 ¯¯ 2+3
¯ 3 1 ¯¯
A21 = (−1) ¯
¯ 2 =9 A22 = (−1) ¯ = −17 A23 = (−1) ¯ = −2
1 ¯ ¯ 4 1 ¯ ¯ 4 2 ¯
¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯ ¯
3+1
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¯ 3 5 ¯¯ 3+3
¯ 3 1 ¯¯
A31 = (−1) ¯
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0 ¯ ¯ 2 0 ¯ ¯ 2 4 ¯
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Adj(A) =  −2 −17 10  det(A) = a21 A21 +a22 A22 +a23 A23 = 2∗9+4∗(−17)+0∗(−2) = −50
−12 −2 10
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4 9 −20
1 1 
A−1 = Adj(A) = −2 −17 10 
det(A) −50
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x 4 9 −20 1 22 −11/25
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z −12 −2 10 0 −16 8/25
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b b 0 b ¯ ¯1 1 0 1 ¯¯ 0 0 −1 1 ¯ 0
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1+1 ¯
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T A < ~B   & $ A (AB)2 = (AB)(AB) = A(BA)B = ABB = AB 2 .
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µ ¶ µ ¶ µ ¶ µ ¶ µ ¶
1 0 1 1 1 1 2 −1 −1 T 2 −1
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= , [(AB) ] =
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µ ¶ µ ¶ µ ¶ µ ¶ µ ¶
1 0 1 −1 1 0 1 −1 1 −1
A−1 = , B −1 = , [B −1 ]T [A−1 ]T = ∗ =
−1 1 0 1 −1 1 0 1 −1 2
Z A <=€!
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