Francis Kaye D.

Juan
STEM - St. Teresa

A. What are the elements of disaster risk? Explain the significance of each element of disaster in the
determining the odds of a disaster happening and its impacts.

 Hazard is defined as the probability of experiencing a certain intensity of hazard at a specific

location and is usually determined by an historical or user-defined scenario, probabilistic hazard
assessment, or other method. Some hazard modules can include secondary perils (such as soil
liquefaction or fires caused by earthquakes, or storm surge associated with a cyclone).
 Exposure represents the stock of property and infrastructure exposed to a hazard, and it can
include socioeconomic factors.
 Vulnerability accounts for the susceptibility to damage of the assets exposed to the forces
generated by the hazard. Fragility and vulnerability functions estimate the damage ratio and
consequent loss respectively, and/or the social cost generated by a hazard, according to a
specified exposure.

B. How would people, business sector and government institutions benefit from measuring the relative
level of disaster risk?

Measuring the relative level of disaster risk can contribute to more effective measures to prevent and
prepare for the possible outcomes and likelihood of different casualties. It also allows the people,
business sectors and the government to prepare financially and be ready for the possibility of human
and material losses.

C. Given that the occurrence of potentially hazardous natural phenomenon cannot be prevented,
discuss in terms of the elements of disaster risk ways and means by which disaster and disaster risk can
be minimized.

Potentially hazardous natural phenomenon such as flooding, earthquakes and hurricanes cannot be
prevented. However, there are still chances to minimize the disaster and disaster risk. Awareness,
education, preparedness, and prediction and warning systems can reduce the disruptive impacts of a
natural disaster on communities. Mitigation measures such as adoption of zoning, land-use practices,
and building codes are needed, however, to prevent or reduce actual damage from hazards.