COMPLETE GRAMMAR STUDY

an - an 15. What is this? (a bus) _________________________

16. What is that? (a ship) _________________________
A ve an tekil isimlerin önüne gelerek "bir" anlamını verir. Baş harfi 17. What is that? (a train) _________________________
sessiz olan isimlerle a, sesli olan isimlerle an kullanılır. 18. What is that? (a table) _________________________
i.e: a book bir kitap an apple bir elma 19. What is this? (a box) _________________________
20. What is that? (a window) _________________________
a) Aşagıdaki isimleri (1-14) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.
b) Boş olan yerlere (15-28) a veya an koyunuz.
1. a pencil 2. an egg 3. a chair 4. a house Çoğul İsimler (A)
5. a door 6. a window 7. an orange 8. a dog İsimleri çoğul yapmak için genellikle sözcüklerin sonuna (s) eklenir.
9. a table 10. a lesson 11. an aeroplane 12. a flower i.e: a book bir kitap an apple bir elma
13. a car 14. an apple books kitaplar apples elmalar

15. __ car 16. __ tree 17. __ orange 18. __ egg Diğer çoğul şekilleri için belirli kurallar uygulanır.
19. __ school 20. __ ship 21. __ flower 22. __ bus i.e: a bus a box a man a woman a child
23. __ apple 24. __ box 25. __ door 26. __ lesson buses boxes men women children
27. __ train 28. __ aeroplane
a) Çoğul isimler (1-16) yüksek sesle okuyunuz
Tekil Cümle b) Tekil isimleri (17-32) çoğul yapınız.
1. pencils 5. tables 9. chairs 13. eggs
Tekil cümlelerdeki tekil özne ile to be fiilinin tekil şekli is kullanılır. 2. doors 6. houses 10. lessons 14. apples
Örneğin “masadır, evdir, okuldur.” sözcüklerindeki “dır, dir, dur" 3. rooms 7. oranges 11. cats 15. boxes
takılarının yerine; is sözcüğü tutar. 4. men 8. women 12. children 16. buses
i.e: This is a pencil. Bu bir kalemdir.
That is an apple. Şu bir elmadır. 17. a bus ___________ 25. a child ___________
18. a man ___________ 26. a woman ___________
a) Cümleleri (1-18) yüksek sesle okuyunuz. 19. a box ___________ 27. a pencil ___________
b) Boş olan yerlere (19-36) is veya a, an koyunuz. 20. a table ___________ 28. an apple ___________
Örnek: This ____ an orange. This is an orange. 21. a room ___________ 29. a chair ___________
1. This is a train. 10. That is an egg. 22. an egg ___________ 30. a cat ___________
2. This is window. 11. That is a school. 23. an orange ___________ 31. a lesson ___________
3. This is a room. 12. That is a house. 24. a tree ___________ 32. a window ___________
4. This is a dog. 13. That is a book.
5. This is a horse. 14. That is a pencil.
6. This is a car. 15. That is a chair. Çoğul Cümle
7. This is a flower. 16. That is a bus. Çoğul cümlelerdeki çoğul özne ile to be fiilinin çoğul şekli are kullanılır.
8. This is a boy. 17. That is a girl. Örnegin “masadirlar, evdirler, okuldurlar” sözcüklerindeki "dırlar, dirler,
9. That is a ship. 18. That is an aeroplane. durlar" takılarının yerini are tutar.
i.e: These are pencils. Bunlar kalemlerdir. (kalemdir)
19. This____ an aeroplane. 28. That____ a girl. Those are apples. Şunlar elmalardir. (elmadir)
20. This is ____ wall. 29. That____ a tree.
21. This is____ flower. 30. That____ a window. a) Cümleleri (1-10) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.
22. This is____ egg. 31. This____ an orange. b) Boş olan yerlere (11-20) are veya these, those koyunuz.
23. That is ____ ship. 32. That____ a house. Örnek: These_________ oranges. These are oranges.
24. This is____ apple. 33. This____ a door. 1. These are books. 6. These are aeroplanes.
25. That is____ orange. 34. This is____ horse. 2. Those are chairs. 7. Those are trees.
26. That____ an egg. 35. This is____ box. 3. These are windows. 8. These are flowers.
27. That____ a room. 36. This is____ boy. 4. Those are boxes. 9. Those are buses.
5. These are tables. 10. These are houses.
What (A) 11. These _________ children. 16. Those _________ boys.
What bir soru sözcüğüdür, "ne" anlamına gelir. 12. These _________ women. 17. These _________ men.
What is this? Bu nedir? 13. Those _________ boxes. 18. _________ are trees.
It is a book. O bir kitaptır. 14. _________ are walls. 19. Those _________ rooms.
15. These _________ schools. 20. _________ are girls.
Sorulara, parantez içinde verilen sözcükleri kullanarak cevap veriniz.
Cevap cömlenize it ile başlayınız.
Örnek: What is that? (a pencil) It is a pencil. What (B)
1. What is this? (a house) _________________________ Soru sözcüğü what çoğul cümlelerde de kullanılır.
2. What is that? (chair) _________________________ i.e: What are these? Bunlar nedir?
3. What is this? (an egg) _________________________ They are boxes. Onlar kutulardir. (kutudur)
4. What is this? (a door) _________________________
5. What is that? (a train) _________________________ Sorulara, parantez içinde verilen sözcükleri kullanarak cevap veriniz.
6. What is that? (an apple) _________________________ Cevap cümlenize they ile başlayınız.
7. What is this? (a room) _________________________ Örnek: What are those? (bags) They are bags.
8. What is that? (an orange) _________________________ 1. What are these? (houses) ___________________________
9. What is this? (a cat) _________________________ 2. What are those (chairs) ___________________________
10. What is that? (a tree) _________________________ 3. What are these? (pencils) ___________________________
11. What is this? (a flower) _________________________ 4. What are those? (eggs) ___________________________
12. What is that? (a wall) _________________________ 5. What are these? (doors) ___________________________
13. What is this? (a dog) _________________________ 6. What are those? (trains) ___________________________
14. What is that? (an aeroplane) _________________________ 7. What are these? (apples) ___________________________
1
8. What are those? (rooms) ___________________________ 34. They are students. ___________________________
9. What are these? (oranges) ___________________________ 35. It is an egg. ___________________________
10. What are those? (cats) ___________________________ 36. It is an aeroplane. ___________________________
11. What are these? (trees) ___________________________ 37. They are boxes. ___________________________
12. What are those? (flowers) ___________________________ 38. This is an orange. ___________________________
13. What are these? (walls) ___________________________
14. What are those? (dogs) ___________________________
15. What are these? (windows) ___________________________
Soru Cümlesi
16. What are those? (schools) ___________________________ içinde to be is, are şekilleri bulunan cümleleri soru haline çevirmek için
17. What are those? (tables) ___________________________ bu fiiller cümIe başina alınır.
18. What are those? (cars) ___________________________ i.e: It is a window. O bir penceredir.
19. What are these? (buses) ___________________________ Is it a window? O bir pencere midir?
20. What are those? (boxes) ___________________________
a) Boş olan yerlere (1-18) is veya are koyunuz.
Örnek: It______ a pencil. It is a pencil.
Or b) Cümleleri (19-36) soru haline çeviriniz.
“Veya, yoksa” anlamlarına gelen or sözcüğü aşağıda verilen sorularda Örnek: They are boxes. Are they boxes?
"yoksa" anlamındadir. 1. It ______ a chair. 10. They ______ apples.
i.e: Is this a box or a book? Bu bir kutu mudur yoksa bir kitap midir? 2. This ______ a room. 11. It ______ a door.
3. Those ______ oranges. 12. They ______ baskets.
Sorulara parantez içinde verilen sözcükleri kullanarak cevap veriniz. 4. It______ a tree. 13. That ______ a bag.
Cevap cümlenize It veya They ile başlayınız. 5. These ______ pictures. 14. This ______ a key.
Örnek: Are these boxes or books? (boxes) They are boxes. 6. They ______ students. 15. These ______ flowers.
1. Is it a car or a bus? (a bus) ___________________________ 7. It______ an aeroplane. 16. They ______ boys.
2. Are these bags or baskets? (bags) ___________________________ 8. That ______ a car. 17. They ______ teachers.
3. Is that a pencil or a key? (a key) ___________________________ 9. It ______ a train. 18. This ______ a blackboard.
4. Are these pictures or papers? (papers) ________________________ 19. They are teachers. ________________________
5. Is this a hat or a box? (a hat) ___________________________ 20. It is a horse. ________________________
6. Are they nurses or doctors? (nurses) ________________________ 21. That is a wall. ________________________
7. Is it a bag or a box? (a box) ___________________________ 22. It is a clock. ________________________
8. Are those men or women? (woman) ________________________ 23. They are pictures. ________________________
9. Are they boys or girls? (boys) ___________________________ 24. Those are boys. ________________________
10. Is that a house or a school? (a school) ________________________ 25. It is a bus. ________________________
26. This is a train. ________________________
27. They are children. ________________________
Olumsuz Cümle (A) 28. These are boxes. ________________________
içinde to be fiilinin is veya are şekilleri bulunan cümleleri olumsuz hale 29. It is a roof. ________________________
getirmek için is veya are sözcüklerinden sonra "değil" anlamına gelen 30. That is a curtain. ________________________
not ilave edililir. 31. They are doctors. ________________________
i.e: It is a table. O bir masadir. 32. They are nurses. ________________________
It is not a table. O bir masa değildir. 33. It is a map. ________________________
Aşağıda verilen cümleleri olumsuz yapınız. 34. This is a shirt. ________________________
Örnek: These are baskets. These are not baskets. 35. They are houses. ________________________
1. It is a flower. ___________________________ 36. It is a school. ________________________
2. It is a balcony. ___________________________
3. They are notebooks. ___________________________
4. They are policemen. ___________________________ Kısaltmalar (A)
5. They are children. ___________________________ Konuşma dilinde kısaltmalar tercih edilir.
6. This is a car. ___________________________ i.e: that's (that is) it's (it is) isn't (is not)
7. It is a ball. ___________________________ what's (what is) they're (they are) aren't (are not)
8. It is a chimney. ___________________________
9. It is a bird. ___________________________ Cümlelerde, yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.
10. These are curtains. ___________________________ Örnek: It is not a box. It isn't a box.
11. They are doctors. ___________________________ 1. They are tables. ________________________
12. They are tourists. ___________________________ 2. They are pictures. ________________________
13. Those are pencils. ___________________________ 3. It is not a pencil. ________________________
14. It is a school. ___________________________ 4. That is a school. ________________________
15. These are houses. ___________________________ 5. What is that? ________________________
16. It is a garden. ___________________________ 6. What is this? ________________________
17. It is a radio. ___________________________ 7. They are chairs. ________________________
18. They are keys. ___________________________ 8. It is an aeroplane. ________________________
19. It is a clock. ___________________________ 9. They are not teachers. ________________________
20. That is a window. ___________________________ 10. They are doctors. ________________________
21. They are teachers. ___________________________ 11. That is a tree. ________________________
22. It is a roof. ___________________________ 12. It is not a basket. ________________________
23. Those are apples. ___________________________ 13. It is not a garden. ________________________
24. These are buses. ___________________________ 14. It is not a bird. ________________________
25. They are books. ___________________________ 15. It is a flower. ________________________
26. They are girls. ___________________________ 16. It is an orange. ________________________
27. It is a train. ___________________________ 17. They are students. ________________________
28. It is a blackboard. ___________________________ 18. They are keys. ________________________
29. That is a ship. ___________________________ 19. That is a desk. ________________________
30. This is a map. ___________________________ 20. What is that? ________________________
31. It is a shirt. ___________________________ 21. It is a bed. ________________________
32. They are pictures. ___________________________ 22. That is a shop. ________________________
33. This is a bus. ___________________________ 23. They are not tourists. ________________________
2
24. They are buses. ________________________ 11. the top_____ the box kutunun üstü
12. the bottom_____ the glass bardağın dibi
13. the legs_____the chair sandalyenin ayakları
the 14. the months_____ year yılın ayları
Türkçe karşılığı olmayan the sözcüğü, önünde bulunduğu ismin belirli 15. the seasons_____ the year yılın mevsimleri
olduğunu gösterir. 16. the handle_____ the umbrella şemsiyenin sapı
i.e: The book is there. Kitap oradadır. 17. the buttons_____ the shirt gömleğin düğmeleri
The books are there. Kitaplar oradadır. 18. the collar_____ the dog köpeğin tasması
19. the wheels _____ the car arabanın tekerlekleri
Örneğin "hangi kitap" sorusuna cevap verebildigimiz takdirde the 20. the principal_____ the school okulun müdürü
kullanmak gerekir.

Verilen sorularda boş olan yerlere a, an veya the koyunuz. Edatlar (Prepositions) (B)
Örnek: teacher is in the garden. The teacher is in the garden. Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler
1. Is it a box or _____ basket? arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.
2. _____ students are in the garden. i.e. in front of önünde near yakınında (yanında)
3. Are they in _____ room? behind arkasında far from uzak (uzakta)
4. _____ girls are on the bus. near (= close to) (= by) (= beside)
5. Is it_____ flower? far from (= a long way from)
6. _____ pencils are in the box.
7. Is it_____ car or_____ bus? Cümlelerde in front of, behind, near, by, far from yerine zıt anlamdaki
8. _____ aeroplane is in the sky. edatları koyunuz.
9. Is that_____ house or_____ school? Örnek: The teacher is in front of the blackboard.
10. Is this_____ apple? The teacher is behind the blackboard.
11. _____ boy is in the garden. 1. The school is far from the station.
12. Is it a picture or _____ paper? ____________________________
13. Is_____ policeman on the train? 2. They are behind the wall. ____________________________
14. _____ cat is under the chair. 3. It is in front of the tree. ____________________________
15. _____ house is near the school. 4. The boy is behind the tree. ____________________________
16. Is it_____ pencil or_____ ruler? 5. The desk is by the window. ____________________________
6. They are far from here. ____________________________
7. The cat is beside the door. ____________________________
Edatlar (prepositions) (A) 8. The car is in front of the building.
in, on, at ____________________________
Prepositions (edatlar) olarak tanımlanan in, on, at ve benzeri sözcükler 9. The shop is far from the school. ____________________________
önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan 10. The shops are near the station. ____________________________
bağlantıyı gösterir. 11. The chair is beside the fireplace. ____________________________
i.e: in the box on the desk at the door 12. The vases are near the wall. ____________________________
kutunun içinde sıranın altinda Kapıda 13. The road is by the lake. ____________________________
14. The telephone is near the radio. ____________________________
in the - house, garden, room, kitchen, basket, bag, bottle, glass, cup, 15. The building is near the hospital. ____________________________
purse, corner, car, city, sky
on the - table, floor, chair, wall, roof, plate, shelf, corner, beach, train,
bus, ship, horse Edatlar (Prepositions) (C)
at - school, home, the office, the bus stop, the door Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler
arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.
Boş olan yerlere in, on veya at koyunuz. i.e. under altında below altında in the middle of ortasında
Örnek: _____ the bus stop at the bus stop. over üstünde above üstünde on the top of en üstte
1. _____ the kitchen 9. _____ the sky 16. _____ the floor
2. _____ the vase 10. _____ the office 17. _____ the train Sözcük gruplarını cümlelerde kullanınız. (Cümlelerinize parantez içinde
3. _____ home 11. _____ the car 18. _____ the bus verilen sözcüklerle başlayınız.)
4. _____ the roof 12. _____ the glass 19. _____ the purse Örnek: Over the table (the lamp) The lamp is over the table.
5. _____ the shelves 13. _____ the ship 20. _____ the basket 1. under the trees (the children) ____________________________
6. _____ the horse 14. _____ school 21. _____ the city 2. above the clouds (the airplane) ____________________________
7. _____ the bottle 15. _____ the garden 22. _____ the bus 3. over the desk (the lamp) ____________________________
stop 4. under the book (the letter) ____________________________
8. _____ the classroom 5. in the middle of the room (the table)
____________________________
6. on the top of the other books (this book)
İsim Tamlaması (of ile) (A) ________________________
Şahıs göstermeyen isimlerin tamlaması genellikle of ile yapılır. 7. under the chair (the cat) ____________________________
i.e: of the door kapının 8. below the line (the answers) ____________________________
the key of door kapının anahtarı 9. in the middle of the road (the dog)
____________________________
of ile isim tamlamaları yapınız. 10. under the bed (the box) ____________________________
Örnek: the window - the shop the window of the shop 11. above the line (the questions) ____________________________
1. the door_____ the room odanın kapısı 12. on the top of the tree (the boy) ____________________________
2. the roof_____ the school okulun damı 13. in the middle of the garden (the boy)
3. the walls_____ the garden bahcenin duvarları __________________________
4. the days_____ the week haftanın günleri 14. on the top of the hill (the house) ____________________________
5. the end_____ the day günün sonu 15. above the mountains (the clouds) ____________________________
6. the cover_____ the book kitabın kapağı 16. under the magazines (the pencil) ____________________________
7. the head_____ the dog köpeğin başı 17. over the bed (the light) ____________________________
8. the leaves_____ the tree ağaçın yaprakları 18. in the middle of the Taksim Square (it)
9. the point_____ the pencil kalemin ucu __________________________
10. the edge_____ the table masanın ucu
3
Where
Olumsuz yaparken is veya are sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilir.
Where, bir soru sözcüğüdür, "nerede" anlamına gelir. i.e. There is a key in the box. Kutuda bir anahtar var.
i.e. Where is the key? Anahtar nerededir? There is not a key in the box. Kutuda bir anahtar yok.
Where are the keys? Anahtarlar nerededir?
Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Sorulara, parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak cevap Örnek: There are boxes on the floor.
veriniz. (It veya they ile başlayınız.) Are there boxes on the floor? There are not boxes on the floor.
Örnek: Where is the book? (on the desk) It is on the desk. 1. There is a man in the car.
1. Where is the hat? (in the box) ____________________________ __________________________________________________
2. Where are the pictures? (on the wall) 2. There are pictures on the wall.
____________________________ __________________________________________________
3. Where are the teachers? (in the classroom) 3. There is a table in the room.
_______________________ __________________________________________________
4. Where is the cat? (under the chair) 4. There are chairs near the window.
____________________________ __________________________________________________
5. Where are the students? (in the garden) 5. There is a ruler on the desk.
_________________________ __________________________________________________
6. Where is it? (on the table) ____________________________ 6. There are tourists on the beach.
7. Where is the bag? (on the table) ____________________________ __________________________________________________
8. Where are the children? (in the house) 7. There is an aeroplane in the sky.
__________________________ __________________________________________________
9. Where are they? (under the tree) ____________________________ 8. There are two dogs under the tree.
10. Where is the chair? (near the window) __________________________________________________
__________________________ 9. There is a shop near the school.
11. Where are the boxes? (on the floor) __________________________________________________
____________________________ 10. There are sailors on the ship.
12. Where is the note-book? (on the desk) __________________________________________________
__________________________ 11. There is a policeman on the train.
13. Where are the sailors? (on the ship) __________________________________________________
____________________________ 12. There are girls on the bus.
14. Where are the birds? (on the roof) __________________________________________________
____________________________
15. Where is the key? (in the basket) ____________________________
16. Where are the boys? (on the bus) ____________________________ how many
17. Where is the house? (near the school) how many books? how many students? how many apples?
__________________________ kaç kitap? kaç öğrenci? kaç elma?
18. Where are the soldiers? (on the horses) gibi sözcük grupları there are “vardır” birleşiminin soru şekli are there
__________________________ ile birtikte kullanılır.
19. Where is the clock? (on the wall) ____________________________ i.e How many books are there on the table?
Masanın üstünde kaç kitap var?
there is - there are (A)
Sorulara, parantez içindeki sayıları kullanarak cevap veriniz.
"Orada" anlamına gelen there sözcüğü is veya are ile birlikte Örnek: How many students are there in the class room? (ten)
kullanıldığında "var, vardır" anlamını verir. Cümledeki isim tekilse is, There are ten students in the class-room.
çoğulsa are kullanılır. 1. How many apples are there in the basket? (two)
i.e. There is a box here. Burada bir kutu var. __________________________________________________
There are boxes here. Burada kutular var. 2. How many pencils are there in the box? (three)
__________________________________________________
Boş olan yerlere is veya are koyunuz 3. How many pictures are there on the wall? (one)
Örnek: There_____ a pencil in the box. There is a pencil in the box. __________________________________________________
1. There_____ an apple in the basket. 4. How many boys are there in the garden? (four)
2. There_____ books on the desk. __________________________________________________
3. There_____ oranges on the plate. 5. How many girls are there under the tree? (seven)
4. There_____ a clock on the wall. __________________________________________________
5. There_____ tourists on the beach. 6. How many women are there in the kitchen? (one)
6. There_____ a man in the car. __________________________________________________
7. There_____ houses behind the school. 7. How many eggs are there on the plate? (six)
8. There_____ a shop near the station. __________________________________________________
9. There_____ pictures on the walls. 8. How many houses are there near the school? (seven)
10. There_____ a chair in front of the desk. __________________________________________________
11. There_____ an aeroplane in the sky. 9. How many shops are there in the street? (two)
12. There_____ a woman at the door. __________________________________________________
13. There_____ children in the garden. 10. How many tourists are there on the beach? (nine)
14. There_____ a radio on the table. __________________________________________________
15. There_____ men at the bus stop. 11. How many rulers are there on the desk? (three)
16. There_____ sailors on the ship. __________________________________________________
17. There_____ a cat under the chair. 12. How many clocks are there on the wall? (one)
18. There_____ girls on the bus. __________________________________________________
19. There_____ a policeman on the train. 13. How many children are there on the bus? (eight)
__________________________________________________
there is - there are (B), Soru ve Olumsuz 14. How many aeroplanes are there in the sky? (two)
__________________________________________________
Soru haline çevirmek için is veya are sözcükleri cümle başına alınır. 15. How many numbers are there on this page? (fifteen)
i.e. There is a map on the wall. Duvarda bir harita var. __________________________________________________
Is there a map on the wall? Duvarda bir harita var mı?
4
Kısa Cevaplar (A) 6. the women____ 18. the man____ 29. the plates____
7. the hospital____ 19. the children____ 30. the vase____
Olumlu kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar (it's, they're, there's) kullanılmaz. 8. the bed____ 20. the cinema____ 31. the dog____
i.e. Is it a box? Are they boxes? 9. the answer____ 21. the tourists____ 32. the hotel____
Yes, it is a box. Yes, they are boxes. 10. the magazines____ 22. the bird____ 33. the ceiling____
Yes, it is. Yes, they are. 11. Jack and Mary____23. the train____ 34. the horses____
12. the nurse____
Olumsuz kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar kullanılır.
i.e. Is it a bus? Are they buses?
No, it is not a bus. No they are not buses. to be (A)
No, it isn't. No, they aren't. I am a student. He is a doctor. We are students.
You are a teacher. She is a nurse. You are teachers.
Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz. Cevap It is a flower. They are nurses.
cümlenize it, they veya there ile başlayınız.
Örnek: Is there a picture on the wall? Boş olan yerlere is, am veya are koyunuz.
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. Örnek: I____a student. I am a student.
1. Are they flowers? ___________________________________ 1. She ____a nurse. 11. We____teachers.
2. Is it a clock? ___________________________________ 2. He____a dentist. 12. It____a book.
3. Are they oranges? ___________________________________ 3. You____students. 13. You ____a student.
4. Is it an apple? ___________________________________ 4. I____a lawyer. 14. They____engineers.
5. Is there a man in the car? 5. Jack and Mary____in the garden. 15. Miss White____in the office.
___________________________________ 6. Mr Brown____at home. 16. Mrs Brown____in the
6. Are there boys on the bus? kitchen.
___________________________________ 7. She____a secretary. 17. We____in the room.
7. Is this a basket? ___________________________________ 8. They____in front of the blackboard.18.The shop____near the school.
8. Are these trains? ___________________________________ 9. The chairs..... near the window. 19. I____here.
9. Is it an aeroplane? ___________________________________ 10. She____in the car. 20. We____in front of the gate.
10. Are they pencils? ___________________________________
11. Is there a ruler there? ___________________________________
12. Are there boxes here? ___________________________________ to be (B) Soru ve Olumsuzlar
içinde to be fiilinin is, am veya are şekilleri bulunan cümleleri soru
haline çevirmek için is, am veya are cümle başına alınır.
Çoğul isimler (B) i.e. He is a student. Is he a student?
Tekil isimleri çoğul yapmak için uygulanan kurallar:
a) Genellikle sözcük sonuna (s) eklenir: Olumsuz yapmak için is, am veya are sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave
i.e. a flower - flowers. edilir.
b) Son harfi (s), (es), (x), (ch), ve (o) olan isimler çoğul yapılırken i.e. She is a nurse. She is not a nurse.
(es) eklenir:
i.e a bus - buses Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.
c) (y) ile son bulan isimlerin son harfi (y) yerine (ies) getirilir: Örnek: It is a key. Is it a key? It is not a key.
i.e. a city - cities. 1. They are girls._____________________________
d) (f) veya (fe) ile son bulan isimlerin son harfi veya son iki harfi 2. They are in the garden. _____________________________
yerine (ves) getirilir: 3. She is a typist. _____________________________
i.e. a knife - knives. 4. You are a student. _____________________________
e) Bazı isimlerin çoğul şekilleri kurala uymaz. 5. We are teachers. _____________________________
i.e. a man – men a tooth - teeth a woman – women 6. You are students. _____________________________
a child - children 7. He is under the tree. _____________________________
8. She is a secretary. _____________________________
a) Çoğul isimleri (1-10) yüksek sesle okuyunuz. 9. It is on the desk. _____________________________
b) Tekil isimleri (11-12) çoğul yapınız. 10. They are engineers. _____________________________
1. dresses 4. boxes 6. watches 9. brushes 11. He is a sailor. _____________________________
2. tomatoes 5. babies 7. shelves 10. radios 12. He is a doctor. _____________________________
(kuraldışı) 13. It is a bird. _____________________________
3. handkerchiçfs (kuraldışı) 8. aeroplanes 14. She is a teacher. _____________________________
15. We are lawyers. _____________________________
11. a glass ________ 15. a story ________ 18. a wife ________ 16. We are soldiers. _____________________________
12. a match________ 16. a potato ________ 19. a leaf ________ 17. She is a dentist. _____________________________
13. a life ________ 17. a thief ________ 20. a secretary 18. They are policemen. _____________________________
________ 19. You are a chemist. _____________________________
14. a tooth ________ 20. He is at the bus stop. _____________________________

Şahıs Zamirleri (A) Kısaltmalar (B) to be

Şahıs gösteren sözcüklere şahıs zamirleri denir. I'm I am he's he is we're we are
i.e. I ben he o (erkekler için) we biz you're you are she's she is you're you are
you siz (sen) she o (bayanlar için) you siz it's it is they're they are
it o (eşya ve they onlar
hayvanlar için) Cümlelerde, yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.
Örnek: They are students. They're students.
İsimlerin yerine ilgili şahıs zamirlerini koyunuz. 1. She is a teacher. _____________________________
Örnek: the boy – he the girl - she the book - it 2. We are students. _____________________________
1. the radio ____ 13. the shop____ 24. the houses____ 3. They are in the room. _____________________________
2. the street____ 14. Miss White ____ 25. the chimney____ 4. You are a nurse. _____________________________
3. Mr Brown____ 15. the woman____ 26. Mrs Brown____ 5. You are nurses. _____________________________
4. the spoon____ 16. Jack____ 27. the question____ 6. He is an engineer. _____________________________
5. Mary____ 17. the carpets____ 28. the station____ 7. They are under the trees. _____________________________
5
8. We are in front of the blackboard.
_____________________________
9. They are in the garden. _____________________________
10. She is at the bus stop. _____________________________
11. They are behind the desk. _____________________________
12. It is under the chair. _____________________________
13. They are near the school. _____________________________
14. We are lawyers. _____________________________
15. He is in front of the window. _____________________________
16. They are near the blackboard. _____________________________
17. It is in the bedroom. _____________________________
18. You are in the class-room. _____________________________
19. I am a doctor. _____________________________
20. They are on the wall. _____________________________
Kısa Cevaplar (B) to be
Olumlu kısa cevaplarda, kısaltmalar (I'm, you're, he's, she's, it's, we're,
you're, they're) kullanılmaz.
i.e Are you a student? Yes, I am
Olumsuz kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar (I'm not, isn't, aren't) kullanılır.
i.e Is she a teacher? No, she isn't.
Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: Are they nurses? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.
1. Are you an engineer? _____________________________
2. Are we students? _____________________________
3. Is she a typist? _____________________________
4. Are they soldiers? _____________________________
5. Is he a sailor? _____________________________
6. Is she a secretary? _____________________________
7. Is it a bird? _____________________________
8. Are you nurses? _____________________________
9. Am I a teacher? _____________________________
10. Are you a nurse? _____________________________
11. Is it in the box? _____________________________
12. Is she at home? _____________________________
13. Are they secretaries? _____________________________
14. Are we typists? _____________________________
15. Is he a soldier? _____________________________
16. Is it under the chair? _____________________________
17. Are they in the garden? _____________________________
18. Is she in the office? _____________________________
19. Is it in the basket? _____________________________
20. Are they lawyers? _____________________________
21. Am I a chemist? _____________________________
22. Are you a dentist? _____________________________
23. Is she there? _____________________________
24. Is it near the school? _____________________________
25. Are they on the bus? _____________________________
26. Is he at the bus stop? _____________________________
27. Are we engineers? _____________________________
28. Are you behind the desk? _____________________________
29. Are they on the plate? _____________________________
30. Is it on the wall? _____________________________
31. Is she in the garden? _____________________________
32. Is he there? _____________________________
Kısaltmalar (C) to be Olumsuz
I'm not I am not we aren't we are not
you aren't you are not you aren't you are not
he isn't he is not
she isn't she is not they aren't they are not
it isn't it is not
Cümlelerde, yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.
Örnek: You are not a teacher. You aren't a teacher.
1. They are not girls. _____________________________
2. They are not in the room. _____________________________
3. She is not a nurse. _____________________________
4. You are not a student. _____________________________
5. We are not teachers. _____________________________
6. You are not students. _____________________________
7. He is not under the tree. _____________________________
8. She is not here. _____________________________
9. It is not on the desk. _____________________________
10. They are not engineers. _____________________________
11. He is not a sailor. _____________________________
12. He is not there. _____________________________
13. It is not a bird. _____________________________
14. She is not a secretary. _____________________________
15. We are not lawyers. _____________________________
16. We are not soldiers. _____________________________
17. She is not a dentist. _____________________________
18. She is not a typist. _____________________________
19. You are not a chemist. _____________________________
20. He is not at the bus stop. _____________________________
Olumsuz Soru (A) to be
Isn't, aren't veya am I not ile başlayan sorular, olumsuz soru
sözcükleridir.
i.e Aren't you a doctor? Bir doktor değil misiniz?
Isn't she a teacher? O bir öğretmen değil mi?
Cümleleri, olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.
Örnek: I am an engineer. Am I not an engineer?
1. There is a man in the car. ______________________________
2. It is not a picture. ______________________________
3. They are tourists. ______________________________
4. There are oranges on the table. ______________________________
5. She is not a teacher. ______________________________
6. It is not an aeroplane. ______________________________
7. There are girls on the bus. ______________________________
8. They are nurses. ______________________________
9. He is a student. ______________________________
10. I am a dentist. ______________________________
11. There are sailors on the ship. ______________________________
12. It is a balcony. ______________________________
13. We are doctors. ______________________________
14. They are not note-books. ______________________________
15. There is a dog under the tree. ______________________________
16. You are a chemist. ______________________________
17. They are flowers. ______________________________
18. There are shops near the school.
______________________________
19. There is a tree behind the wall. ______________________________
Şahıs Zamirleri (B)
I ben he o we biz
you siz (sen) she o you siz
it o they onlar
Cümlelerde isimler yerine şahıs zamirleri kullanılabilir.
i.e. The boy is in the garden. He is in the garden.
Helen is in the kitchen. She is in the kitchen.
Cümlelerde, isimler yerine şahıs zamirleri kullanınız.
Örnek: The children are on the bus. They are on the bus.
1. The radio is on the tabel. ______________________________
2. The houses are near the school.
______________________________
3. Miss White is in the room. ______________________________
4. Mr Brown is in the office. ______________________________
5. Mrs Brown in at home. ______________________________
6. Jack is at the bus stop. ______________________________
7. Mary is in the car. ______________________________
8. The station is near the hospital. ______________________________
9. The man is on the train. ______________________________
10. The hospital is near the station. ______________________________
11. The vase is on the table. ______________________________
12. Jack and Mary are in the classroom.
___________________________
13. The bird is on the roof. ______________________________
14. The table is in the room. ______________________________
6
Şahıs Zamirleri (C) between - among
I he we Between ve among sözcükleri preposition (edat) olarak isimlerin
you she you önünde kullanılır.
it they Between "iki sey arasında" among "birçok sey arasında" anlamındadır.
i.e between the trees ağaçlar arasında (ağaç sayısı iki)
Şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak ve parentez içindeki sözcükleri kullanarak among the trees ağaçlar arasında (ağaç sayısı ikiden fazla)
soruları cevaplandırınız.
Örnek: Where is the key? (in the box) It is in the box. Boş yerlere between veya among koyunuz. (Sayısı ikiden fazla olan
1. Where are the boys? (in the garden) isimler parantez içinde belirtilmiştir.)
____________________________ Örnek: There is a bird - the flowers. (ikiden fazla)
2. Where is Mary? (in the kitchen) There is a bird among the flowers.
______________________________ 1. The table is______ piano and the wall.
3. Where is Jack? (in the room) ______________________________ 2. There is a lake______ the hills.
4. Where is the cat? (under the chair) 3. The teacher is______ the students. (ikiden fazla)
______________________________ 4. She is______ my friends. (ikiden fazla)
5. Where are the children? (on the bus) 5. The cat is______ the wall and the chair.
___________________________ 6. There is a garden______ the two houses.
6. Where is the man? (in the car) ______________________________ 7. The village is______ the mountains. (ikiden fazla)
7. Where is the woman? (at the bus stop) 8. The boy is______ his mother and his sister.
___________________________ 9. How many stops are there______ the two stations?
8. Where are the desks? (in the class-room) 10. There is a table______ John and Jack.
_________________________ 11. The children are______ the two trees.
9. Where is the aeroplane? (in the sky) 12. The doctor is______ his patients. (ikiden fazla)
___________________________ 13. Our history master is______ the girls. (ikiden fazla)
10. Where is the car? (in front of the gate) 14. What is there______ the car and the tree?
___________________________ 15. The letter is______ the books. (ikiden fazla)
11. Where are the books? (on the desk) 16. There is a garden______ the school and the house.
___________________________
12. Where is the dog? (near the door)
______________________________
to have (A)
13. Where is Mrs Brown? (behind the desk) To have "sahip olmak" anlamına gelen bir fiildir.
_________________________ i.e. I have a house. Benim evim var. (Bir eve sahibim.)
14. Where are the girls? (on the train)
______________________________ Çoğul (ve "ben") şahıs zamirleri ile have, tekil zamirlerle has kullanılır.
15. Where are the magazines? (on the tabel) I have he has we have
_________________________ you have it has you have
16. Where is the carpet? (on the floor) she has they have
______________________________
17. Where are the pictures? (on the wall) Boş olan yerlere have veya has koyunuz.
___________________________ Örnek: She______ two pencils. She has two pencils.
18. Where are the beds? (in the bedroom) 1. I______ a boat. 9. You______ a car.
__________________________ 2. He______ a red pencil. 10. She______ a watch.
3. It______ a long tail. 11. We______ a new house.
4. You______ bags. 12. They______ bicycles.
Sıfatlar (Adjectives) (A) 5. She______ some books. 13. We______ a lot of friends.
Bir ismin özelliğini bildiren sözcükler sıfat olarak tanımlanır. (new, old, 6. I______ two balls. 14. He______ a dog.
beautiful, good, high, etc) 7. They______ two sons. 15. She______ brown eyes.
i.e. This is a new house. 8. You______ a nice face.
The house is new.
The new house is there.
Çoğu Sıfatları (A)
Parantez içindeki sıfatları cümlelerde isimlerin önünde kullanınız. Türkçe gramerde, "tamlayan eki almış şahıs zamirleri" olarak tanımlanan
Örnek: This is a pencil. (short) This is a short pencil. çoğu sıfatları şunlardır:
1. These are houses. (old) ______________________________ i.e. my benim his onun (erkek için) our bizim
2. She is a girl. (beautiful) ______________________________ your sizin her onun (bayan için) your sizin
3. The ruler is on the desk. (long) ______________________________ its onun (eşya vs.ve their onların
4. He is a man. (tall) ______________________________ hayvan için)
5. They are students. (good) ______________________________
6. The book is on the table. (red) ______________________________ a) Şahıs zamirleri ile ilgili tamlamaları (1-14) okuyunuz.
7. There are trees in the garden. (high) b) Boş olan yerlere (15-28) parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirleri ile
____________________________ ilgili Mülkiyet sıfatlarını koyunuz.
8. She is a woman. (beautiful) ______________________________ Örnek: Where is______ book. (she). Where is her book?
9. The table is in the kitchen. (big) 1. I my name. 8. you your pencil
______________________________ 2. he his car 9. she her brother
10. It is a horse. (strong) ______________________________ 3. it its roof 10. we our house
11. She is a woman. (young) ______________________________ 4. you your bags 11. they their garden
12. This is your hand. (left) ______________________________ 5. she her umbrella 12. he his sister
13. It is a word. (correct) ______________________________ 6. we our school 13. they their mother
14. He is a man. (short) ______________________________ 7. he his hat 14. I my shirt
15. She is a woman. (old) ______________________________
16. Those are children. (little) ______________________________ 15. This his is______ brother. (she) 22. ______ father is in the room.
17. There are pencils in the box. (long) (I)
____________________________ 16. Is that______ house? (you) 23. ______ son is an engineer.
(we)
17. Where is______ ball? (he) 24. ______ roof is not high. (it)
7
18. Where are______ books? (they) 25. ______ bags are here. (you) Kısaltmalar (D) to have
19. Who is______ uncle? (he) 26. Are these______ toys? (you)
20. What is______ father? (she) 27. ______ dog is there. (he) I've I have he's he has we've we have
21. It is______ desk. (we) 28. They are______ pencils. (I) you've you have she's she has you've you have
it's it has they've they have

to have (B) hasn't has not

Tekil isimlerle has, çoğul isimlerle have kullanılır. haven't have not
i.e. The boy has a boat.
The boys have bicycles. Cümlelerde yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.
Örnek: I have not an umbrella. I haven't an umbrella.
Boş olan yerlere have veya has koyunuz. 1. I have some money in my pocket. __________________________
Örnek: The children______ some books in their bags. 2. They have some books in their bags.
The children have some books in their bags. __________________________
1. The boy______ a big ball. 3. We have a new house. __________________________
2. The students______ a lot of books. 4. He has a yellow car. __________________________
3. The girl______ a white dog. 5. I have not many pencils. __________________________
4. Her daughter______ a baby. 6. She has not a boat. __________________________
5. The nurse______ a large room. 7. They have umbrellas. __________________________
6. The cat______ four legs. 8. We have a radio. __________________________
7. The women______ nice dresses. 9. You have a nice dress. __________________________
8. John______ a watch. 10. You have not many story books. __________________________
9. The teacher______ a new car. 11. They have a lot of friends at school. __________________________
10. My friend______ a lot of notebooks. 12. I have some maps in my bag. __________________________
11. Their son______ a boat. 13. I have not a long ruler. __________________________
12. The girls______ a lot of friends at school. 14. He has not a watch. __________________________
13. His sister______ a bicycle. 15. We have a black dog. __________________________
14. The pupils______ bags. 16. We have not many notebooks. __________________________
15. Our mother______ some money in her purse. 17. They have not many friends. __________________________
16. Helen______ one brother. 18. I have a lot of money in my purse. __________________________
17. My uncle______ a strong horse.
18. The teachers______ some maps in their bags. have got ( = have)
19. Our son______ good friends.
20. Mr Brown______ an office. Genellikle konuşma dilinde have, has sözcüklerenden sonra got ilave
edilir. Anlamda bir değişiklik olmaz.
i.e. I have a lot of friends. I have got a lot of friends.
to have (C) I've got a lot of friends.
içinde to have fiilinin have veya has şekilleri bulunan cümleleri soru
yapmak için have veya has sözcükleri cumle başına alınır. Son cümlede görüldüğü gibi kısaltma kullanılması tercih edilir.
i.e You have an umbrella. Bir şemsiyeniz var.
Have you an umbrella? Bir şemsiyeniz var mi? Cümlelerde have got - has got birleşimi ile kısaltmalar kullanınız.
Olumsuz yapmak için have veya has sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave Örnek: She has not any pencils. She hasn't got any pencils.
edilir. 1. I have lot of books in my bag. __________________________
i.e She has a new book. Yeni bir kitabı var. 2. She has a new watch. __________________________
She has not a new book. Yeni bir kitabı yok. 3. They have some toys in their room. __________________________
4. He has one brother and two sisters. __________________________
Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız. 5. We have not many neighbours. __________________________
Örnek: I have two pencils in my bag. 6. You have not many stamps. __________________________
Have I two pencils in my bag? 7. The dog has a piece of meat in its mouth.
I have not two pencils in my bag. _______________________
1. She has a new hat. 8. I have a great deal of (a lot of) money.
____________________________________________ __________________________
2. They have bicycles. 9. She has a new dress. __________________________
____________________________________________ 10. We have a lot of things in our luggage.
3. We have books in our bags. __________________________
____________________________________________ 11. Our teacher has some maps in his bag.
4. He has a new watch. __________________________
____________________________________________ 12. John has not any notebooks. __________________________
5. We have two boats. 13. Have you any matches? __________________________
____________________________________________ 14. How many red pencils have you? __________________________
6. I have an umbrella. 15. Has she many dresses in the wardrobe?
____________________________________________ __________________________
7. You have a good book.
____________________________________________ Kısa Cevaplar (C) to have
8. The children have two balls.
____________________________________________ Have you a car? Yes, I have . No, I haven't.
9. She has a nice dress. Has she a boat? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't
____________________________________________ Have you got a car? Yes, I've got. No, I haven't got.
10. We have story books. Has she got a boat? Yes, she's got. No, she hasn't got.
____________________________________________ Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.
11. He has a knife in his pocket. Örnek: Have they pencils in their bags? Yes, they have. No, they
____________________________________________ haven't.
12. They have a car. 1. Have you many friends at school? __________________________
____________________________________________ 2. Have you got a package of matches?
13. The man has a key in his hand. __________________________
____________________________________________ 3. Has she a new watch? __________________________
8
4. Have they any books in their bags? __________________________ Boş olan yerlere many veya much koyunuz.
5. Has he any girl friends? __________________________ Örnek: I have not_________money in my pocket.
6. Have they got a telephone? __________________________ I have not much money in my pocket.
7. Has she got any boy friends? __________________________ 1. There are not_________books an the desk.
8. Have we any money in the drawer? __________________________ 2. Are there_________shops near the station?
9. Has the man an umbrella? __________________________ 3. There is not_________water in the glass.
10. Have you got an interesting story book? 4. Has he_________pencils in his box?
________________________ 5. There are not_________houses near the school.
6. She has not_________money in her purse.
7. They have not_________flour in the bag.
Sayılabilen ve Sayılmayan İsimler 8. Is there_________tea in the teapot?
Sayılmasi mümkün olan, çoğul şekilleri bulunan isimler gramerde 9. There is not_________sugar in the bag.
"sayılabilen isimler" olarak adlandırılır. Bu isimlerin tekil şekilleri 10. We have not_________doctors in this city.
önünde a, an veya one, çoğul şekilleri önünde many, some veya kaç adet 11. There is not_________beer in the bottle.
olduğunu gösteren bir sayı bulunur. 12. Have they_________friends at school?
i.e a student, two students, many students, some students 13. The children have not_________toys at home.
bir öğrenci, iki öğrenci, birçok öğrenci, bazı öğrenciler 14. There are not_________boys under the trees.
15. There is not_________milk in the bottle?
Sayılması mümkün olmayan, çoğul şekilleri bulunmayan isimler 16. Has the boy_________keys in his hand?
"sayılmayan isimler" olarak tanımlanır. Bu isimlerin önünde a, an, many 17. There is not_________butter on the plate.
veya bir sayı bulunmaz, tek başına veya some ile birlikte kullanılır. 18. Is there_________coffee in the bag?
i.e water some water
su biraz su (bir miktar su)
many - a lot of
a) Sayılmayan isimleri (1-10) yüksek sesle okuyunuz. Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılabilen isimlerin önünde
b) Boş olan yerlere (11-12) a, an veya some koyunuz. many kullanılır.
Örnek: ____ milk some milk i.e There are not many flowers in the vase.
1. tea 4. coffee 7. beer 9. wine Are there many people in the hotel?
2. sugar 5. salt 8. flour 10. bread
3. butter 6. money Olumlu cümlelerde many yerine çoğu zaman a lot of kullanılır.
i.e There are a lot of flowers in the vase.
11. There is____ orange in the basket.
12. She has ____ money in her purse. Olumsuz ve soru halindeki cümleleri olumlu yapınız.
13. There is____ tea in the teapot. Örnek: I haven't many pencils in my bag.
14. I have____ books in my bag. I have a lot of pencils in my bag.
15. There is____ beer in the glass. 1. Are there many students in the classroom?
16. They have____ flour in the kitchen. _____________________________________________
17. There is____ sugar in the box. 2. Have you many books in your bag?
18. He has____ money in his pocket. _____________________________________________
19. There is____ bread on the label. 3. There aren't many children under the trees.
20. I have____ key in my hand. _____________________________________________
4. I haven't got many dresses in my luggage.
_____________________________________________
some, a few, a little 5. Are there many tourists on the beach?
Some sözcüğü gerek sayılabilen ve gerekse sayılmayan isimler ile _____________________________________________
birlikte kullanılır. 6. Has she many friends at school?
i.e some students birkaç öğrenci some milk biraz süt _____________________________________________
7. There aren't many boys on the bus.
A few yalnız sayılabilen isimlerle, a little yalnız sayılmayan isimlerle _____________________________________________
kullanılır. 8. Have they many toys in their room?
i.e a few students birkaç öğrenci a little milk biraz süt _____________________________________________
9. Are there many cats in front of the gate?
Boş olan yerlere a few veya a little koyunuz. _____________________________________________
Örnek: I have _________friends at school. 10. Has he many suits in his wardrobe?
I have a few friends at school. _____________________________________________
1. There are _________students in the garden. 11. There aren't many chairs in the room.
2. She has_________money in her purse. _____________________________________________
3. There is_________water in the bucket. 12. Have you many shirts in your luggage?
4. There are_________birds on the roof. _____________________________________________
5. They have _________books in their bags. 13. Are there many cars in front of the building?
6. There are_________tea in the teapot. _____________________________________________
7. There are_________chairs in the room. 14. Have they many balls in the garden?
8. He has_________beer in his glass. _____________________________________________
9. There is_________bread on the table. 15. There aren't many birds in the sky.
10. They have _________toys in their room. _____________________________________________
11. They have_________cigarettes in the packet
12. There is_________sugar in the bag.
13. We have_________pencils in our boxes. many - a lot of (B)
Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılabilen isimlerin önünde
many kullanılır.
many - much Olumlu cümlelerde many yerine çoğu zaman a lot of kullanılır.
Many sayılabilen isimlerin çoğul şekilleri önünde, much ise sayılamayan Boş olan yerlere many veya a lot of koyunuz.
isimlerin önünde (genellikle olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümleterde) Örnek: Are there _________ oranges is the basket?
kullanılır. Are there many oranges in the basket?
i.e many students çok sayıda öğrenci (birçok öğrenci) 1. Have you _________ friends at school?
much water çok miktarda su (çok su) 2. There aren't _________ students in the classroom.
9
3. Are there_________ boys in the garden? of (A)
4. I haven't_________ books in my bag.
5. She has_________ dresses in her wardrobe. of sözcüğü preposition (edat) olarak çeşitli sözcük gruplarında kullanılır.
6. Have they got_________ toys? i.e a glass of bir bardak... a pair of bir çift...
7. There are _________ birds in the sky. a cup of bir fincan ... a box of bir kutu ...
8. Are there _________ people on the beach? a bottle of bir şişe... a piece of bir parça...
9. We haven't_________ notebooks on our desks. a pack of bir paket... a package of bir paket...
10. She has _________ friends at school. a packet of bir paket... a bar of bir kalıp...
11. There aren't_________ pictures on the walls.
12. They haven't_________ records at home. Parantez içinde verilen sayıları kullanarak sözcük gruplarını çoğul
yapınız.
Örnek: a glass of water (two) two glasses of water
much - a lot of (A) 1. a glass of water (two) ________________________
Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılmayan isimlerin önünde 2. a glass of beer (three) ________________________
much kullanılır. 3. a cup of tea (two) ________________________
i.e There is not much milk in the bottle. 4. a cup of coffee (four) ________________________
Is there much butter on the plate? 5. a bottle of milk (two) ________________________
6. a bottle of wine (three) ________________________
Olumlu cümlelerde much yerine a lot of (a great deal of) veya plenty of 7. a pair of socks (two) ________________________
kullanılır. 8. a pair of stockings (four) ________________________
i.e There is a lot of milk in the bottle. 9. a pair of gloves (two) ________________________
There is a great deal of butter on the plate. 10. a pair of trousers (three) ________________________
There is plenty of tea in the teapot. 11. a box of chocolates (four) ________________________
12. a piece of paper (two) ________________________
Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümleleri olumlu yapınız. 13. a piece of chalk (three) ________________________
Örnek: I haven't much money. 14. a pack of cigarettes (two) ________________________
I have a lot of money. (I have a great deal of money). 15. a box of matches (three) ________________________
1. There isn't much bread on the tabel.
____________________________________ Çoğu Sıfatları (B)
2. Is there much beer in the bottle?
____________________________________ my name his sister our house
3. We haven't much food. your car her book your balls
____________________________________ its key their bags
4. Have you much water in the bucket?
____________________________________ a) İsimlerle ilgili tamlamaları (1-20) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.
5. There isn't much coffee in the pot. b) Boş olan yerlere (21-40) parantez içinde verilen isimler ile ilgili
____________________________________ Mülkiyet sıfatlanni koyunuz.
6. Is there much oil in the oil can? Örnek: ______ boat (I and John) our boat
____________________________________ 1. the girl her hair 8. the man his suit
7. She hasn't much time. 2. the boys their bags 9. the chair its leg
____________________________________ 3. Helen her hat 10. John his dog
8. Have they much trouble? 4. Tom and Jim their car 11. Helen and I our boat
____________________________________ 5. you and Jack your books 12. the man his tie
9. There isn't much sugar in the box. 6. the woman her dress 13. the men their suits
____________________________________ 7. the door its key 14. the women their dresses
10. Is there much water in the glass? 15. the glass its bottom 18. the dog its collar
____________________________________ 16. the lake its water 19. the school its garden
11. He hasn't much pain. 17. the houses their numbers 20. the umbrella its handle
____________________________________
12. Has she much money? 21. ______ handle (the umbrella) 31. ______ hair (the girl)
____________________________________ 22. ______ numbers (the man) 32. ______ suit (the man)
23. ______ garden (the school) 33. ______ wing (the bird)
24. ______ water (the lake) 34. ______ bags (the boys)
much - a lot of (B) 25. ______ collar (the dog) 35. ______ hat (Helen)
Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılmayan isimlerin önünde 26. ______ bottom (the bottle) 36. ______ dog (Mary)
much kullanılır. 27. ______ dresses (the women) 37. ______ car (Tom and Jim)
Olumlu cümlelerde much yerine a lot of (a great deal of) veya plenty of 28. ______ key (the door) 38. ______ boat (Helen and I)
kullanılır. 29. ______ suits (the men) 39. ______ books (the students)
30. ______ dress (Mrs Brown) 40. ______ tie (Mr Brown)
Boş olan yerlere much veya a lot of (a great deal of) veya plenty of
koyunuz. Mülkiyet Sıfatları (C)
Örnek: There isn't________water in the bottle.
There isn't much water in the bottle. my house his pencils our toys
1. We haven't________money. your car her mother your books
2. Have they________trouble? its legs their son
3. There is________sugar in the box. Mülkiyet sıfatları ile başlayarak soruları cevaplandırınız. (Parantez
4. Is there________food in the kitchen? içinde verilen sözcükler veya sözcük gruplarını kullanınız.)
5. There isn't________salt in the bag. Örnek: What is your father? (an engineer) My father is an engineer.
6. There is________butter on the plate. 1. What is his son? (a doctor)
7. Is there________sugar in the box ____________________________________
8. Have you ________time? 2. Where is your sister? (at the office)
9. I have ________time? ____________________________________
10. There isn't ________tea in the teapot. 3. Who is her daughter? (Jane)
____________________________________
4. Where are you pencils? (in my bag)
____________________________________
10
5. What is your brother? (a teacher) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 3. Have they any friends at school?
6. Who is their father? (Mr Brown) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 4. Are there any trees in the garden?
7. What is her father ? (a dentist) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 5. Have you got any stamps?
8. Where are their coats? (in the wardrobe) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 6. Has she got any dresses in the luggage?
9. Who is your teacher? (Mr Carter) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 7. Is there any tea in the teapot?
10. Where's his dog? (in the garden) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 8. Are there any students in the class?
11. What is your sister? (a secretary) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 9. Have they any guests in their house?
12. Who are my friends? (Tom and Jim) ____________________________________
____________________________________ 10. Are there any children under the trees?
____________________________________
11. Are there any cigarettes in the packet?
any - some (A) ____________________________________
içinde any bulunan bir soru cümlesine olumlu cevap verildiği zaman 12. Has he got any toys in his room?
some, olumsuz cevap verildiğinde any kullanılır. ____________________________________
i.e Is there any water in the bottle? 13. Is there any oil in the oil can?
Yes, there is some water in the bottle. ____________________________________
No, there isn't any water in the bottle. 14. Are there any pencils in the box?
____________________________________
Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz cevap veriniz. 15. Have we any money in the drawer?
Örnek: Have you any money in your purse? ____________________________________
Yes, I have some money in my purse. 16. Are there any flowers in the vase?
No, I haven't any money in my purse. ____________________________________
1. Are there any books on the desk?
____________________________________
2. Has she any pencils in the box? anybody (= anyone), nobody (= no one)
____________________________________ Anybody (-one) sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde kullanılır.
3. Is there any milk in the cup? i.e Is there anybody at the door? Kapıda hiç kimse var mı?
____________________________________ There is not anybody at the door. Kapıda hiç kimse yok.
4. Have they any friends at school?
____________________________________ Son cümlede, not anybody yerine nobody kullanmak mümkündür.
5. Is there any tea in the teapot? i.e There is nobody at the door. Kapıda hiç kimse yok.
____________________________________
6. Has he got any toys? a) Sorulara, anybody (-one) sözcüklerini kullanarak olumsuz cevap
____________________________________ veriniz.
7. Are there any apples in the box? Örnek: Is there anyone in the room?
____________________________________ No, there isn't anyone in the room.
8. Have they any guests in their house? b) Sorulara, nobody (-one) sözcüklerini kullanarak olumsuz cevap
____________________________________ veriniz.
9. Is there any bread in the box? Örnek: Is there anyone in the car?
____________________________________ No, there is no one in the car.
10. Are there any trees in the garden? 1. Is there anybody in front of the house?
____________________________________ ____________________________________
11. Has she got any dresses in the luggage? 2. Is there anybody near the gate?
____________________________________ ____________________________________
12. Is there any oil in the oil can? 3. Is there anybody in the bedroom?
____________________________________ ____________________________________
13. Are there any children under the trees? 4. Is there anyone on the bus?
____________________________________ ____________________________________
14. Have you got any envelopes? 5. Is there anybody on the balcony?
____________________________________ ____________________________________
15. Have you got any matches? 6. Is there anyone in the telephone booth?
____________________________________ ____________________________________
16. Are there any cigarettes in the packet? 7. Is there anybody at the office?
____________________________________ ____________________________________
8. Is there anyone at the bus stop?
____________________________________
any - some (B) Kısa Cevaplar 9. Is there anybody in the lobby?
içinde any bulunan bir soru cümlesine olumlu kısa cevap verildiği zaman ____________________________________
some, olumsuz kısa cevap verildiği zaman any kullanılır. 10. Is there anyone at the table?
i.e Have you got any matches? ____________________________________
Yes, I have got some.
No, I haven't got any.
Olumsuz soru (B) to have
Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz. To have fiilinin olumsuz kısaltmaları haven't veya hasn't, cümle başında
Örnek: Are there any apples in the basket? kullanıldığında olumsuz soru cümlesi yapılmış olur.
Yes, there are some./ No, there aren't any. i.e She has a lot of money in her purse.
1. Is there any bread on the table? Hasn't she much money in hen purse?
____________________________________
2. Have you got any envelopes? Aşağıda verilen cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.
11
Örnek: They have a lot of friends at school. 2. You have something in your pocket.
Haven't they many friends at school? ____________________________________
1. They have a lot of notebooks in their bags. 3. There is something in the basket.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
2. She has a lot of dresses in her luggage. 4. There is somebody in the lobby.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
3. John has an office in Istanbul. 5. The boy has got something in his mouth.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
4. They have a lot of guests in their house. 6. There is someone at the gate.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
5. She has a piece of chalk in her hand. 7. There is something on the floor.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
6. Mary has a lot of books in her bag. 8. She has something under the book.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
7. The teacher has a lot of books on his desk. 9. There is somebody in the basement.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
8. She has a lot of sugar in the garden. 10. There is someone on the second floor.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
9. They have two balls in the garden. 11. There is something on the shelf.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
10. The girls have a lot of toys in their room. 12. The girl has got something by the chair.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
11. Helen has an umbrella and a raincoat. 13. There is somebody at the back door.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
12. The secretary has a lot of magazines. 14. He has something on his head.
____________________________________ ____________________________________
15. There is someone in the garden.
____________________________________
anything - nothing
Sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde anything kullanılır.
i.e Is there anything in it? with - by
There is not anything in it. With - by sözcükleri preposition (edat) olarak isimlerin önünde
kullanılır.
Son cümlede not anything yerine nothing kullanılabilir. i.e with Helen Helen ile
i.e There is nothing in it. by train trenle

a) Sorulara anything sözcüğünü kullanarak olumsuz cevap veriniz. By "vasıtasıyla, ile" anlamında araç isimlerinin ve bazı belirli isimlerin
Örnek: Is there anything on the table? önünde kullanılır.
No, there isn't anything on the table. i.e by plane, ship, ferryboat, bus, car, train, subway
b) Sorulara nothing sözcüğünü kullanarak olumsuz cevap veriniz. air, sea, land
Örnek: Is there anything in the basket? post (= mail), regular mail, airmail
No, there is nothing in the basket. hand, machinery
1. Is there anything under the book?
____________________________________ Boş olan yerlere with veya by koyunuz.
2. Is there anything in the box? Örnek: Send your letter_____ air mail!
____________________________________ Send your letter by air mail!
3. Is there anything on the bed? 1. to travel_____ air 7. to go to school_____ bus
____________________________________ 2. to write_____ a pencil 8. to travel_____ sea
4. Is there anything beside the radio? 3. to make a rug_____ hand 9. to come_____ land
____________________________________ 4. to fill the box_____ wood 10. to make a carpet_____ machinery
5. Is there anything under the chair? 5. to go to work _____ train 11. Go there_____ Mary.
____________________________________ 6. We see_____ our eyes.
6. Is there anything in the bucket?
____________________________________
7. Is there anything in the bag?
Emir (A) Olumlu
____________________________________ To open "açmak" anlamına gelen mastar halinde bir fiildir. Open bu
8. Is there anything on the shelf? fiilin yalın halidir. Olumlu emir cümlesinde fiilin yalın hali kullanılır.
____________________________________ i.e Open the door! Kapıyı aç! (acınız)
9. Is there anything by the window?
____________________________________ Please "lütfen" sözcüğü cümlenin başında veya sonunda bulunur.
i.e Please open the door! Open the door, please!
somebody (= someone), something Sözcük gruplarını emir cümlelerinde kullanınız.
Somebody (-one), something sözcükleri olumlu cümlelerde fiilerin tekil Örnek: (to be) ready in a few minutes
şekilleriyle kullanılır. Be ready in a few minutes!
i.e There is someone at the door. Kapıda biri var. 1. (to put) the flowers in the vase ________________________
There is something on the box. Kutunun üstünde bir şey var. 2. (to use) a knife to cut it ________________________
3. (to go) there ________________________
Sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde somebody yerine anybody, someone 4. (to come) with me ________________________
yerine anyone, something yerine anything kullanılır. 5. (to bring) it to class ________________________
6. (to drink) your milk ________________________
Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız. 7. (to write) your name ________________________
Örnek: She has something in her hand. 8. (to read) your books ________________________
Has she anything in her hand? / She hasn't anything in her hand. 9. (to close) the windows ________________________
1. There is someone on the balcony. 10. (to sit down) for a few minutes ________________________
____________________________________ 11. (to send) it by air mail ________________________
12
12. (to be) careful ________________________ Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hallerini
13. (to tell) him to stay a while ________________________ koyunuz.
14. (to play) in the garden ________________________ Örnek: (they) in front of______ in front of them
1. (she) close to______ onun yanında
2. (he) about______ onun hakkında
Edatlar (Prepositions) (D) 3. (we) beside______ yanımızda
Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler 4. (it) after______ onun arkasından
arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir. 5. (they) with______ onlar ile (birlikte)
i.e to the window pencereye towards the sea denize doğru 6. (you) without______ sensiz
from the door kapıdan on the table masanın 7. (he) in front of______ onun önünde
üstüne 8. (I) near______ yakınımda
9. (she) from______ ondan
onto the floor yere towards the sea denize doğru 10. (we) by______ tarafımızdan
to the window pencereye on the table masanın 11. (I) to______ bana
üstüne 12. (he) at______ onda
13. (you) for______ sizin için
into (in) the box kutunun içine 14. (we) in front of______ önümüzde
out of the box kutudan dışarıya 15. (I) except______ ben hariç
16. (you) behind______ arkanızda
to drink water out of a glass bardaktan su içmek

Sözcük gruplarının Türkçe karşılıklarını tamamlayınız. Edatlar (Prepositions) (F)

Örnek: from school okuldan Edatlar, önünde bulunduklari isimler, şahıs zamirleri ile cümledeki diğer
1. out of a big glass büyük bir bardak____ sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.
2. into the shop mağazanın (dükkanın) ____ i.e for Helen Helen için like stones taşlar gibi
3. from Istanbul Istanbul____ for me benim için like you sizin gibi
4. to Ankara Ankara____
5. onto (on) the desk sıranın____ with Helen Helen'le without number numarasız
6. towards the house eve____ with me benimle without you sensiz
7. out of the room odadan____
8. into the cave mağaranın____ Boş olan yerlere uygun olan edatları (prepositions) koyunuz.
9. to the cinema sinema____ Örnek: Come ______ me Come with me.
10. towards the lake göle____ 1. Sea air is good______ you.
11. from one to ten bir____ on____ kadar 2. Don't go out______ an umbrella.
12. to the museum müze____ 3. Take your wife ______ you.
13. out of a basket sepetten____ 4. It is something______ this.
14. from beginning to end baş____ son____ kadar 5. I can't do it______ your help.
6. I can do it______ your help.
7. It is time______ school.
Şahıs Zamirleri -i, -e Hali 8. I admire people______ that.
Şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e halleri, ilgili şahıs zamirleri ile birlikte aşağıda 9. We see______ our eyes.
gösterilmiştir. 10. It is good______ health.
i.e I me (beni, bana) we us (bizi, bize) 11. There is nothing______ travel.
you you (seni, sana) you you (sizi, size) 12. Here is a present______ her.
he him 13. We hear______ our ears.
she her (onu, ona) they them (onlan, onlara) 14. It a good thing______ Mary.
it it 15. Fill the box______ wood.
16. That old man can't walk______ a stick.
i.e Give me a book. Bana bir kitap ver.
Take him home. Onu eve götür.
İsim Tamlaması (B)
Şahıs zamirleri ve isimler ile ilgili şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hallerini boş Şahıs gösteren isimler için genellikle uygulanan kural şudur:
olan yerlere koyunuz. (s) ile son bulmayan tekil ve çoğul isimlerin tamlamasi 's ile yapılır.
Örnek: they them the girl her the man him i.e Helen's mother the man's hat the men's hats
1. we______ 11. the books ______ 20. you ______ Helen'in annesi adamın şapkası adamların şapkaları
2. we ______ 12. the children ______ 21. the bottle ______
3. she ______ 13. they ______ 22. the table ______ (s) ile son bulan çoğul isimlerin ve tekil isimlerin tamlamasi (') ile
4. the secretary_____ 14.the dog ______ 23. the father ______ yapılır.
5. it ______ 15. she ______ 24. we ______ i.e the girls' school Keats' picture
6. the basket ______ 16. the women ______ 25. they ______ kızların okulu Keats'in resmi
7. Mr Brown ______ 17. you ______ 26. they ______
8. it ______ 18. they ______ 27. Helen ______ 's veya (') ile isim tamlamaları yapınız.
9. she ______ 19. the trees ______ 28. he ______ Örnek: our teacher car our teacher's car
10. the flowers ______ 1. the boys bicycles _______________________
2. my sister hat _______________________
3. John car _______________________
Edatlar (Prepositions) (E) 4. the doctor house _______________________
Bazı edatlar, şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e halleri (me, you, him, her, it, us, 5. the girl name _______________________
you, them) önünde kullanılır. 6. her brother office _______________________
i.e from me benden with me benimle for me benim 7. her members club _______________________
için 8. the hostess uniform _______________________
to you size without you sensiz about you 9. Mr Brown wife _______________________
hakkınızda 10. their son boat _______________________
11. the pilots room _______________________
in front of me önümde beside me yanımda 12. the guest umbrella _______________________
behind you arkanızda like you sizin gibi
13
of (B) 1. It's a quarter past seven. ________________________
2. It's past twelve. ________________________
of sözcüğü preposition (edat) olarak çeşitli sözcük gruplarında 3. It's four o'clock. (in the afternoon) ________________________
kullanılır. 4. It's ten o'clock. ________________________
i.e one of the girls kızlardan biri some of them bazıları 5. It's quarter past eight. ________________________
one of them onlardan biri many of them birçoğu 6. It's half past nine. ________________________
two of them onlardan ikisi none of them hiçbiri 7. It's twenty-five past eleven. ________________________

full of water su ile dolu full of tourists turistlerle dolu

Edatlar (Prepositions) (G)
Sözcük gruplarının Türkçe karşılıklarını tamamlayınız. Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler
Örnek: some of the girls kızların______ kızlann bazıları arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterirler.
1. two of the children cocuklardan______ i.e in Istanbul, London, Turkey, England
2. some of the books kitapların______ January, February, winter, summer
3. full of beer bira ile______ the morning, the afternoon, the evening
4. none of the students öğrencilerin______ the sun, the shade, ink, two hours, a minute
5. many of the girls kızların______ 1975 (nineteen seventy-five)
6. three of the boxes kutuların______ the east, the west, the south, the north
7. full of the boxes insanların______
8. one of our teachers öğretmenlerimizin______ on Sunday, Monday, a holiday, a tour, the telephone
9. many of your friends arkadaşlarınızın______ the left, the right, the sea, the first floor
10. some of her pencils onun kalemlerinin______
11. one of their sons oğullarından______ at the cinema, the theatre, the concert
12. none of them onların______ seven o'clock, half past seven, noon, night, midnight
13. many of the packages paketlerin______ the beginning, the end, the table, the seaside
14. some of the doctors doktorların______
15. one of his sisters kız kardeşlerinden______ Boş olan yerlere ilgili edatları koyunuz.
16. many of my notebooks defterlerimin______ Örnek: ____ Saturday ____ spring ____ five o'clock
on Saturday in spring at five o'clock
Saat kaç? (A) 1. ____ Turkey 5. ____ the autumn 9. ____ holidays
2. ____ the left 6. ____ ten o'clock 10. ____ the morning
What time is it? (Saat kaç?) sorusuna verilen cevaplar it ile başlar. 3. ____ Tuesday 7. ____ 1974 11. ____ the evening
i.e 2.10 It's ten past two. 3.00 It's tree o'clock. 4. ____ Thursday 8. ____ noon 12. ____ London
2.00 It's two o'clock. 2.50 It's ten to three. 13. ____ August 15. ____ Taksim 16. ____ tour
2.15 It's a quarter past two. 2.45 It's a quarter to three. 14. ____ night
2.30 It's half past two. 3.30 It's half past three.

Boş olan yerlere past veya to sözcüklerini koyarak parantez içinde
belirtilen vakitleri bildiriniz.
Örnek: It is twenty - seven. (7.20) It's twenty past seven.
1. It's a quarter______ eight. (Sekize çeyrek var.)
2. It's half______ nine. (Dokuz buçuk.)
3. It's twenty-five______ six. (Altıyı yirmi beş geçiyor.)
4. It's ten______ three. (Uçe on var.)
5. It's five______ four. (Dördü beş geçiyor.)
6. It's half______ five. (Beş buçuk.)
7. It's a quarter______ one. (Bire çeyrek var.)
8. It's twenty______ two. (İkiyi yirmi geçiyor.)
9. It's ten______ eleven. (On bire on var.)
10. It's half______ six. (Altıbuçuk.)
11. It's five______ twelve. (On ikiyi beş geçiyor.)
12. It's five______ twelve. (On ikiye beş var.)
13. It's a quarter______ ten. (Ona çeyrek var.)
14. It's a quarter______ ten. (Onu çeyrek geçiyor.)
15. It's twenty______ nine. (Dokuza yirmi var.)
16. It's twenty______ nine. (Dokuzu yirmi geçiyor.)
Saat kaç? (B)
Yazı dilinde genellikle Latinceden alınan kısaltmalar a.m. ve p.m.
kullanılır: a.m. (öğleden önce) p.m. (öğleden sonra).
i.e 6 a.m. 6.00 6 p.m. 18.00.
Beş ve beşin katı olmayan dakikalar bildirilirken minutes sözcüğü
kullanılır.
i.e It's two minutes to five. Beşe iki dakika var.
It's two minutes past five. Beşi iki dakika geçiyor.
Konuşma dilinde bazı kısaltılmış şekiller de kullanılır.
i.e It's two o'clock. 2.00 It's two.
It's a quarter past two. 2.15 It's two-fifteen.
It's half past two. 2.30 It's two-thirty.
It's twenty past two. 2.20 It's two-twenty.
Daha kısa bir şekilde aynı vakitleri bildiriniz.
Örnek: It's eight o'clock, (in the morning) It's 8 a.m.
Geniş Zaman (simple present) (A)
Simple Present Tense (geniş zaman) belirli alışkanlıklar ile tekrarlanan
hareketleri anlatmak için kullanılır.
i.e I drink milk every morning. Her sabah süt içerim.
Tekil üçüncü şahıslarda (he, she, it) fiillerin yalın haline genellikle (s),
bazı fiillerin yalın haline (es) eklenir.
i.e He drinks milk. He teaches English.
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geniş zaman şekillerini
koyunuz.
Örnek: She___________ (to come) here every day.
She comes here every day.
1. He___________ (to speak) English well.
2. She___________ (to read) the newspaper every.
3. They___________ (to go) to school by bus.
4. We___________ (to study) English every day.
5. You___________ (to watch) television every night.
6. She___________ (to comb) her hair every morning.
7. It___________ (to run) fast.
8. We___________ (to live) in Istanbul.
9. I___________ (to drink) tea every morning.
10. They___________ (to go) to work by train.
11. She___________ (to speak) French.
12. He___________ (to teach) German.
13. I___________ (to walk) to my work.
Sözcük Grupları (A)
Sözcük gruplarını tüm olarak hatırlamak cümle kurmanıza yardımcı olur.
i.e to go to school by bus okula otobusle gitmek
I go to school by bus. Okula otobusle giderim.
Parantez içindeki şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını geniş
zaman cümlelerinde kullanınız.
Örnek: (she) to get up early every morning
She gets up early every morning.
1. (they) to write a letter every week
____________________________________________
14
2. (she) to play the piano every evening 3. (to put) it there
____________________________________________ 4. (to wait) her
3. (he) to go to the cinema on Saturdays 5. (to do) that
____________________________________________ 6. (to strike) a match
4. (we) to study English every day 7. (to hurry up)
____________________________________________ 8. (to wait) there for me
5. (I) to waich television every night 9. (to pay) her
____________________________________________ 10. (to tell) my brother about it
6. (they) tc go to bed at ten o'clock
____________________________________________
7. (she) to talk on the telephone every morning
Sözcük Gurupları (B)
____________________________________________ içinde one's sözcüğü bulunan bir sözcük grubunda one's yerine özne ile
8. (we) to read the newspaper every day ilgili mülkiyet sıfatları kullanılır.
____________________________________________ i.e one's my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
9. (he) to smoke a lot of cigarettes
____________________________________________ to do one's homework ev odevini yapmak
10. (I) to drink tea every morning I do my homework Ev odevimi yaparım
____________________________________________
11. (they) to take a walk in the afternoon Parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını
____________________________________________ geniş zaman cümlelerinde kullanınız.
12. (she) to eat a sandwich at noon Örnek: (we) to see one's friends We see our friends.
____________________________________________ 1. (they) to do one's homework every night
13. (we) to play football on Sundays 2. (she) to see one's friends every day
____________________________________________ 3. (we) to have one's breakfast at seven
14. (he) to go to school on foot 4. (I) to have one's lesson at one o'clock
____________________________________________ 5. (they) to spend one's time at the seaside
15. (they) to answer the questions 6. (we) do one's homework at night
____________________________________________ 7. (she) to give music lessons in one's home
16. (she) to walk to work every morning 8. (he) to drive to one's work every day
____________________________________________ 9. (we) to eat one's dinner in a restaurant
17. (he) to go swimming every day 10. (I) to get one's home every night at eight o'clock
____________________________________________ 11. (you) to listen to one's radio
18. (we) to learn new words every day 12. (they) to clean one's room every morning
____________________________________________ 13. (I) to arrive at one's school at nine o'clock
14. (we) to spend one's vacation in Bodrum
15. (I) to spend much time on one's homework
to do (A) 16. (he) to come to one's lesson on time
Yardımcı fiil olarak bir anlam taşımayan to do fiili, Geniş Zaman
cümlelerini olumsuz ve soru, emir cümlelerini olumsuz yapmak için
kullanılır.
Geniş Zaman (B)
i.e I do he does we do Geniş zaman cümlelerinde tekil üçüncü şahıslar (she, he, it) birlikte
you do she does you do kullanıldığında (s) yerine (es) takısı alan fiillerin bazılan şunlardır:
it does they do i.e to go to teach to watch to catch to wash
he goes he teaches he watches he catches he
Olumsuz yapmak için do veya does sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilir. washes
i.e do not = don't does not = doesn't
Son harfi (y) olan fiillerde (y) yerine ies getirilir.
Tekil isimlerle does, does not (doesn't), çoğul isimlerle do, do not i.e to study to fly
(don't) kullanılır. he studies it flies

Boş olan yerlere to do yardımcı fiilinin önce olumlu şekillerini, sonra Şahıs zamirlerini, parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirleri veya isimlerle
olumsuz şekillerini koyunuz. degiştiriniz.
Örnek: the girls_________ the girls do the girls don't Örnek: they go (the boy) the boy goes
1. the student_________ 12. the teachers_________ 1. we teach (she) ____________ 12. we like (the girl) ____________
2. they_________ 13. they_________ 2. they watch (he) ____________ 13. they get (the boys)
3. the boys_________ 14. it _________ ____________
4. she _________ 15. the nurse _________ 3. you catch (she) ____________ 14. I spend (she) ____________
5. the woman_________ 16. you_________ 4. I wash (she) ____________ 15. you eat (the boy) ____________
6. we_________ 17. the children _________ 5. we study (she) ____________ 16. they have (the students)
7. he _________ 18. I_________ _________
8. his sister_________ 19. the dog_________ 6. they fly (it) ____________ 17. we drive (the man)
9. my mother_________ 20. your son _________ ____________
10. the doctor_________ 21. he_________ 7. I play (he) ____________ 18. I play (the children)
11. the engineers_________ 22. our daughter_________ ____________
8. you learn (she) ____________ 19. they see (the dog) ____________
9. they speak (he) ____________ 20. you give (the nurse)
Emir (B) Olumsuz ____________
Olumsuz emir cümlelerinde to do fiilinin olumsuz kısaltılmış şekli don't 10. we live (she) ____________ 21. we do (the woman)
sözcüğünden sonra fiilin yalın hali kullanılır. ____________
i.e Open the door! Kapıyı aç! (açınız) 11. you write (he) ____________ 22. they sleep (my daughter)
Don't open the door! Kapıyı açma! (açmayınız) _________

Sözcük gruplarını olumsuz emir cümlelerinde kullanınız.

Örnek: (to smoke) so much Don't smoke so much!
1. (to close) the window
2. (to use) that chair
15

Geniş Zaman (C) Soru (1)
Geniş zaman cümlelerini soru haline çevirmek için to do yardımcı
fiilinin olumlu şekilleri do, does cümle başında kullanılır.
i.e They speak English. He speaks English.
Do they speak English? Does he speak English?
Geniş Zaman cümlelerini soru haline çeviriniz.
Örnek: The postman comes here every day.
Does the postman come here every day?
1. They get up early every morning.
________________________________________________
2. She plays the piano every evening.
________________________________________________
3. He goes to the cinema on Saturdays.
________________________________________________
4. We study English every day.
________________________________________________
5. I watch television every night.
________________________________________________
6. They go to bed at ten o'clock.
________________________________________________
7. She talks on the telephone every morning.
________________________________________________
8. We read the newspaper every day.
________________________________________________
9. He smokes a lot of cigarettes.
________________________________________________
10. I drink tea every morning.
________________________________________________
11. They take a walk in the afternoons.
________________________________________________
12. She eats a sandwich at noon.
________________________________________________
13. We play football on Sundays.
________________________________________________
14. He goes to school on foot.
________________________________________________
15. They answer the questions.
________________________________________________
16. She walks to work every morning.
________________________________________________
17. He goes swimming every day.
________________________________________________
18. We learn new words every day.
________________________________________________
Geniş Zaman (D) Olumsuz (1)
Geniş zaman cümlelerini olumsuz yapmak için to do yardımcı fiilinin
olumsuz şekilleri do not (don't), does not (doesn't) kullanılır.
i.e They speak English. He speaks English.
They don't speak English. He doesn't speak English.
Geniş zaman cümlelerini olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: The postman comes here every day.
The postman doesn't come here every day.
1. They get up early every morning.
________________________________________________
2. She plays the piano every evening.
________________________________________________
3. He goes to the cinema on Saturdays.
________________________________________________
4. We study English every day.
________________________________________________
5. I watch television every night.
________________________________________________
6. They go to bed at ten o'clock.
________________________________________________
7. She talks on the telephone every morning.
________________________________________________
8. We read the newspaper every day.
________________________________________________
9. He smokes a lot of cigarettes.
________________________________________________
10. I drink tea every morning.
________________________________________________
11. They take a walk in the afternoons.
________________________________________________
12. She eats a sandwich at noon.
________________________________________________
13. We play football on Sundays.
________________________________________________
14. He goes to school on foot.
________________________________________________
15. They answer the questions.
________________________________________________
16. She walks to work every morning.
________________________________________________
17. He goes swimming every day.
________________________________________________
18. We learn new words every day.
________________________________________________
Geniş Zaman (E) Soru (2)
Geniş zaman cümlelerini soru haline çevirmek için to do yardimcı
fiilinin olumlu şekilleri do, does cümle başında kullanılır.
i.e They learn English. He speaks Turkish.
Do they learn English? Does he speak Turkish?
Geniş zaman cümlelerini soru haline çeviriniz.
Örnek: She invites her friends to dinner every weekend.
Does she invite her friends to dinner every weekend?
1. They do their homework every night.
________________________________________________
2. She sees her friends every day.
________________________________________________
3. We have our breakfast at seven.
________________________________________________
4. I have my lesson at one o'clock.
________________________________________________
5. They spend their time at the seaside.
________________________________________________
6. We do our homework at night.
________________________________________________
7. She gives music lessons in her home.
________________________________________________
8. He drives to work every day.
________________________________________________
9. We eat dinner in a restaurant.
________________________________________________
10. I get home every night at eight o'clock.
________________________________________________
11. You listen to the radio.
________________________________________________
12. They sleep late every morning.
________________________________________________
13. I arrive at school at nine o'clock.
________________________________________________
14. We spend our vacation in Bodrum.
________________________________________________
15. I spend much time on my homework.
________________________________________________
16. He comes to the lesson on time.
________________________________________________
Geniş Zaman (F) Olumsuz (2)
Geniş Zaman cümlelerini olumsuz yapmak için to do yardımcı fiilinin
olumsuz şekilleri do not (don't), does not (doesn't) kullanılır.
i.e They learn English. She learns English.
They don't learn English. She doesn't learn English.
Geniş Zaman cümlelerini olumsuz hale çeviriniz.
Örnek: She invites her friends to dinner.
She doesn't invite her friends to dinner.
1. They write their homework every night.
________________________________________________
16
2. She sees her friends every day. __________________________________________
________________________________________________ 6. She likes to play table tennis. (also)
3. We have our breakfast at seven. __________________________________________
________________________________________________ 7. He comes here. (frequently)
4. I have my lesson at one o'clock. __________________________________________
________________________________________________ 8. John makes mistakes. (always)
5. They spend their time at the seaside. __________________________________________
________________________________________________ 9. They go to the theatre. (rarely)
6. We do our homework at night. __________________________________________
________________________________________________ 10. He comes late. (usually)
7. She gives music lessons in her home. __________________________________________
________________________________________________
8. He drives to work every day.
________________________________________________
Sözcük Grupları (C)
9. We eat dinner in a restaurant. içinde someone (s.o.) bulunan bir sözcük grubu cümlede kullanıldığı
________________________________________________ zaman onun yerine şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hali veya bir isim getirilir.
10. I get home every night at eight o'clock. i.e to give s.o. a present birine bir hediye vermek
________________________________________________ I give him a present. Ona bir hediye veririm.
11. You listen to the radio. I give Mary a present. Mary'ye bir hediye veririm.
________________________________________________
13. I arrive at school at nine o'clock. John ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını geniş zaman cümlelerinde
________________________________________________ kullanınız. (s.o. yerine parantez içindeki şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hallerini
14. We spend our vacation in Bodrum. koyunuz.)
________________________________________________ Örnek: (they) to tell s.o. stories John tells them stories.
15. I spend much time on my homework. 1. (she) to show s.o. a picture. ______________________________
________________________________________________ 2. (he) to take s.o. to the hospital. ______________________________
16. He comes to the lesson on time. 3. (they) to teach s.o. English. ______________________________
________________________________________________ 4. (she) to send s.o. a letter. ______________________________
5. (we) to give s.o. music lessons. ______________________________
6. (she) to bring s.o. some flowers.
Zarflar (Adverbs) (A) ______________________________
Zarf genellikle cümledeki fiilin anlamına katkıda bulunan, örneğin 7. (he) to invite s.o. to dinner. ______________________________
yapılış şeklini, zamanını veya nerede yapıldığını bildiren sözcüktür. 8. (we) to see s.o. leaving. ______________________________
i.e slowly, easily, well (yapılış şekli) 9. (he) to ask s.o. questions. ______________________________
now, soon, always, today (zaman) 10. (you) to thank s.o. for that. ______________________________
here, outside, inside (yapıldığı yer) 11. (she) to want s.o. open the window. __________________________
12. (he) to help s.o. with his homework __________________________
Genellikle sıfatların ve bazı isimlerin sonuna -ly takısı eklenerek zarf 13. (we) to talk to s.o. ______________________________
sözcüğü elde edilir. 14. (he) to speak to s.o. ______________________________
i.e He is a slow worker. (sıfat) 15. (she) to go out with s.o. ______________________________
He works slowly. (zarf)

Boş olan yerlere aşağıda gösterilen zarflardan uygun olanları koyunuz.

Geniş Zaman (G) Olumsuz Soru
Örnek: The sun shines___________ Geniş zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to do yardımcı fiilinin olumsuz
brightly The sun shines brightly. şekillerinin kısaltmaları don't, doesn't ile başlar.
happily quickly quickly easily slowly i.e Don't you smoke? Sigara içmez misiniz?
carefully Doesn't he smoke? O sigara içmez mi?
fast well late hard
Cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.
1. I feel very ___________ 6. I can do it___________ Örnek: They swim every day. Don't they swim every day?
2. He walks___________ 7. They learn___________ 1. They go to school by bus. ______________________________
3. I drive___________ 8. She lives___________ 2. You watch television every night.
4. He comes___________ 9. The train goes___________ ____________________________
5. She speaks___________ 10. He works very___________ 3. She studies English every day. ______________________________
4. They go to bed at ten. ______________________________
5. He teaches German. ______________________________
Zarflar (Adverbs) (B) 6. She combs her hair every morning.
Geniş zaman cümlelerinde genellikle özne ile fiil arasında kullanılan ___________________________
zarflar (adverbs) şunlardır. 7. He walks to his work. ______________________________
i.e sometimes alwalys rarely often usually 8. You learn new words every day.
seldom frequently generally also ______________________________
9. We get home at eight o'clock. ______________________________
I sometimes go swimming. 10. They do their homework every night.
__________________________
Parantez içindeki zarfları özne ile fiil arasında kullanınız.
Örnek: The sun rises in the east. (always) Sözcük Grupları (D)
The sun always rises in the east.
1. She comes to the lesson on time. (always) içinde oneself bulunan bir sözcük grubu cümlede kullanıldığı zaman
__________________________________________ oneself yerine özne ile ilgili olarak aşağıdaki sözcüklerden biri getirilir.
2. I go to the pictures. (often) i.e myself kendim himself kendışı ourselves
__________________________________________ kendimiz
3. He comes here on Saturdays. (generally) yourself kendin herself kendışı yourselves
__________________________________________ kendiniz
4. I forget my homework (sometimes) itself kendışı themselves
__________________________________________ kendileri
5. We travel by train. (usually)
17
By ile birlikte kullanıldıklarında “kimsenin yardımı olmaksızın, ‘kendi 10. You haven't time for amusements. _________________________
kendine, tek başına’ anlamını verir. 11. He hasn't good memory. _________________________
i.e I can't do this by myself. Bunu tek başıma yapamam. 12. She hasn't time to go out. _________________________
13. It hasn't long ears. _________________________
Parantez içindeki şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını Geniş 14. We haven't enough money. _________________________
zaman cümlelerinde kullanınız. 15. You haven't any books in your bag. _________________________
Örnek: (he) to wash oneself He washes himself. 16. They haven't any work to do. _________________________
1. (he) to shave oneself every morning
__________________________
2. (she) to hurt oneself ______________________________
3. (I) to live by oneself ______________________________
Yardımcı Fiiller (A)
4. (she) to go to the cinema by oneself To be , to have ve to do fiileri genellikle fill zamanlarının yapılmasında
___________________________ yardımcı fiil olarak kullanılır.
5. (he) to drive the car oneself ______________________________
6. (she) to make the dress oneself ______________________________ Can, may ve must yardımcı fiilleri esas fiilerin yalın halleri ile birlikte
7. (she) to clean the house by oneself kullanılır.
______________________________ i.e She can swim. You may go. He must study.
8. (they) to play by oneself ______________________________ O yüzebilir. Gidebilirsiniz. O çalışmalıdır.
9. (we) to do the work by oneself ______________________________
10. (you) to be proud of oneself ______________________________ Soru haline çevirmek için can, may, must sözcükleri cümle başına alınır.
11. (they) to make oneself tired ______________________________ Olumsuz yapmak için bu sözcüklerden sonra not ilave edilir.
i.e Can she swim? May you go? Must he study?
She cannot swim. You may not go. He mustn't study.
Geniş Zaman (H) Kısa Cevaplar
Do you speak English? Yes, I do. No, I don't. Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Does he speak English? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't. Örnek: He can use this machine.
Can he use this machine? He cannot use this machine.
Sorulara, önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz. 1. She can speak English.
Örnek: Do they watch television every night? __________________________________________________
Yes, they do. No, they don't. 2. He may go swimming.
1. Do they go to school by bus? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 3. You must do that.
2. Do they do their homework every night? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 4. He can carry this heavy box.
3. Does he sleep late on Sundays? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 5. I can repeat the sentence.
4. Do you often go to the pictures? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 6. You may go out with him.
5. Does John always make mistakes?? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 7. I can do it by myself.
6. Do they usually go to bed early? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 8. She must come here.
7. Do you generally travel by train? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 9. He can always find a good answer.
8. Does she also like to play table-tennis? __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
9. Do you sometimes forget your homework?
__________________________________________________
may - can
10. Do I speak English well? Karşı taraftan müsaade alınması veya karşı tarafa müsaade edilmesi
__________________________________________________ bahis konusu olduğu zaman genellikle may ve bazen can kullanılır.
11. Does it run fast? i.e May I go swimming? Yüzmeye gidebilir miyim?
__________________________________________________ You may go now. Şimdi gidebilirsiniz.
12. Do they invite their friends to dinner every week? You can go now. Şimdi gidebilirsiniz.
__________________________________________________
Öznenin hareketi yapabilecek güçte olduğunu veya bildiğini göstermek
için daima can kullanılır.
to have (D) Soru ve Olumsuz (to do ile)
Geniş zaman cümlelerinde kullanılan to have fiilinin soru ve olumsuz Boş yerlere can veya may koyunuz.
şekillerinde to do yardımcı fiili kullanılabilir. Örnek: He can swim well. O iyi yüzebilir.
i.e Do you have an umbrella? (= Have you an umbrella?) 1. She_________ speak English.
Does he have a car? (= Has he a car?) 2. You _________ go out with him.
I don't have an umbrella. (= I haven't an umbrella.) 3. I_________ do it by myself.
He doesn't have a car. (= He hasn't a car.) 4. He _________ always find a good answer.
5. I_________ repeat the sentence.
Sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde to do yardımcı fiilini kullanınız. 6. _________ I have some more sugar?
Örnek: I haven't much money to spend. 7. _________ I smoke here?
I don't have much money to spend. 8. _________ you hear that noise?
1. Have I anything in my hand? _________________________ 9. I_________ not write without a pen.
2. Have you music lessons on Sundays? _________________________ 10. Nobody_________ answer these hard questions.
3. Has he a good memory? _________________________ 11. _________ I open the window?
4. Has she blue eyes or brown eyes? _________________________ 12. _________ you see the boat on the sea?
5. Has it long ears? _________________________ 13. They_________ play in the garden.
6. Have we enough money? _________________________ 14. He_________ answer all the questions.
7. Have you a camera? _________________________
8. Have they a house in the country? _________________________
9. I haven't anything in my hand. _________________________
18
very - too
"Çok" anlamına gelen very ve too sözcüklerinin kullanılış yerleri ayrıdır.
Too olumsuz bir anlamda aşırılık gösterir.
i.e This book is very big. (I can put in into my pocket)
That book is too big. (I can't put it into my pocket)
Boş olan yerlere very veya too koyunuz.
Örnek: This soup is _________ hot. (I can't eat it) This soup is too hot.
1. The chair is _________ heavy for Mary. She cannot pick it up.
2. John cannot work today. He is _________ sick.
3. Helen speaks _________ fast, but I can always understand her.
4. I cannot wear this ring because it is _________ small.
5. I am _________ tired. I cannot go for a walk with you.
6. It is _________ late, but I think we can catch the train.
7. The box is _________ heavy, but John can pick it up easily.
8. The weather in Ankara is _________ cold in winter, but I like it.
9. It's _________ hot to work.
10. This is _________ large, but I can put it in my bag.
Soru Sözcükleri (A)
who kim what ne where nerede
whom kimi(e) which hangi(si) how nasıl
whose kimin when ne zaman why niçin
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fill ile başlayan soru
cümleleri bulunur.
i.e What time do you go to work?
Sözcük gruplarını geniş zaman soru cümlelerinde kullanınız.
Sorularınıza parantez içindeki soru sözcükleriyle başlayınız.
Örnek: (at what street) to get off the bus
At what street do you get off the bus?
1. hangi günlerde (on what days) to have an English lesson
______________________________________________________
2. saat kaçta (what time) to go to bed
______________________________________________________
3. ne ile (with what) to write on the blackboard
______________________________________________________
4. hangi dil (what language) to speak
______________________________________________________
5. hangi gazete (what newspaper) to read every day
______________________________________________________
6. hangi ülkelerde (in what countries) to have a pen-friend
______________________________________________________
7. ne çeşit et (what kind of meat) to prefer
______________________________________________________
8. hangi ülkeden (from what country) to get oil
______________________________________________________
9. hangi ülkelere (to which countries) to write letters
______________________________________________________
10. ne çeşit meyve (what kinds of fruit) to like
______________________________________________________
11. hangi caddede (at what street) to get on the bus
______________________________________________________
12. hangi otellerde (in what hotels) to stay
______________________________________________________
13. hangi trenle (by what train) to arrive at the station
______________________________________________________
14. hangi kitaplar (what books) to read at home
______________________________________________________
15. hangi nedenle (for what reason) to keep old letters
______________________________________________________
what time - when
What time (at what time) "saat kaçta" anlamına gelen sozcük grubu ile
başlayan sorulara verilecek cevaplarda belirli bir saat bildirmek gerekir.
i.e What time do you go to bed? I go to bed at ten o'clock.
Soru sözcüğü when "ne zaman" ile başlayan sorulara verilecek
cevaplarda belirli bir saat bildirmek zorunluluğu yoktur.
i.e When does she come? She comes in the afternoon.
She comes at two o'clock.
What time veya when ile başlayarak cümleleri soru şekline çeviriniz.
Örnek: We have breakfast at eight o'clock.
What time do you have breakfast?
1. The postman comes here every day.
___________________________
2. I arrive at shcool at nine o'clock. ___________________________
3. We do our homework at night. ___________________________
4. Our lesson begins at nine o'clock. ___________________________
5. We watch television every night. ___________________________
6. They play football on Sundays. ___________________________
7. We take a walk in the afternoons. ___________________________
8. Their children go to bed at ten o'clock.
_________________________
9. I have my lesson at one o'clock. ___________________________
10. He visits his relatives on Sundays. ___________________________
Soru Sözcükleri (B)
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fiil ile başlayan soru
cümleleri bulunur.
i.e How do you go to school? What does he want to buy?
Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru
cümleleri kurunuz.
Örnek: (how often) to go to the movies
How often do you go to the movies?
1. (how many telephone calls) to make
___________________________
2. (how many cigarettes) to smoke ___________________________
3. (how many times a year) to go abroad
_________________________
4. (how many times a week) to go out
___________________________
5. (how many hours a day) to Study English
_______________________
6. (how much) to pay for the ticket ___________________________
7. (how often) to go to the theatre ___________________________
8. (how well) to speak English ___________________________
9. (how much sugar) to put in one's tea
___________________________
10. (how much times) to spend on one's English
_____________________
11. (how long) to take to go there by bus
___________________________
12. (which fruits) to like ___________________________
13. (in which season) to travel a lot ___________________________
14. (which way) to want to go ___________________________
15. (where) to drive on Sundays ___________________________
16. (how old) to be ___________________________
17. (why) to want to go out ___________________________
18. (on which side of Boşphorus) to live
___________________________
Geniş Zaman (1) (Soru sözcüklü sorular)
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fiil ile başlayan soru
cümleleri bulunur.
i.e How often does he visit his uncle?
Where do you generally have your lunch?
Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru
cümleleri kurunuz.
Örnek: I write letters to my friends. (to whom)
To whom do you write letters?
1. I say "Good Morning" to my teacher every morning. (when)
______________________________________________________
2. I come to school with Helen. (with whom)
______________________________________________________
3. I get up at seven o'clock every morning . (what time)
______________________________________________________
4. I like bananas and peaches best. (what kinds of fruit)
______________________________________________________
5. I prefer the summer. (which season of the year)
______________________________________________________
6. I spend two hours a day on my English. (how much time)
______________________________________________________
19
7. I come from Turkey. (where ...... from)
______________________________________________________
8. I write letters to England. (to what foreign countries)
______________________________________________________
9. I read «The Times» every day. (what newspaper)
______________________________________________________
10. I go to the movies once a week. (how often)
______________________________________________________
11. I travel a lot in summer. (in which season)
______________________________________________________
12. I go to the beaches on Sundays. (on what days)
______________________________________________________
13. I have my breakfast at seven. (what time)
______________________________________________________
14. I arrive at school at nine o'clock. (what time)
______________________________________________________
15. I spend my vacation in Bodrum. (where)
______________________________________________________
Geniş Zaman (J) Sorular
Soru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük
grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.
i.e Where do you go after breakfast?
On what days does he come here?
Do you study English every night?
Parantez içindeki sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara geniş zaman
cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.
Örnek: On what days does the postman come here? (everyday)
The postman (he) comes here every day.
1. To what foreign countries do you write letters? (to England)
______________________________________________________
2. When do you say «Good morning» to your teachers? (every
morning)
______________________________________________________
3. With whom do you come to school? (with Helen)
______________________________________________________
4. How do you come to school? (by bus)
______________________________________________________
5. Do you have anything to do? (a lot of things)
______________________________________________________
6. What time do you get up every morning? (at seven)
______________________________________________________
7. What kinds of fruit do you like best? (bananas)
______________________________________________________
8. Which season of the year do you prefer? (the summer)
______________________________________________________
9. How much do you have to pay for it ? (ten liras)
______________________________________________________
10. Where do you come from? (from Turkey)
______________________________________________________
11. What newspaper do you read every day? (The Times)
______________________________________________________
12. Where do you live? (at Macka in Istanbul)
______________________________________________________
13. How much time do you spend on your English? (two hours a day)
______________________________________________________
14. How many times a week do you go to the movies? (twice a week)
______________________________________________________
good - well
Good bir sıfattır, önünde bulunduğu ismin ozelliğini gösterir.
i.e O iyi bir öğrencidir. He is a good student.
Well bir zarftır, cümledeki fiilin anlamına katkıda bulunur.
i.e He does his work well. İşini iyi yapar.
Boş olan yerlere good veya well koyunuz.
Örnek: She speaks English ________
She speaks English well.
1. He is a ________player.
2. He plays the piano ________
3. This is a ________book.
4. He is a________manager.
5. He doesn't sing ________
6. He is a ________singer.
7. He swims very ________
8. He is a ________swimmer.
9. The fountain pen is a ________one.
10. How________does Helen speak English?
must - have to
Birçok durumlarda olumlu cümlelerde must yerine have to kullanmak
olanağı vardır.
i.e I have to study tonight. Bu akşam çalışmalıyım.
I must study tonight.
Genellikle konuşan şahıs kendi görüş açısından bir hareketin yapılmasını
gerekli gördüğü zaman must yardımcı fiillini, karşı tarafin da bildiği
belirli bir nedenle gerekli olan hareketi hatırlatmak için have to
birleşimini kullanır.
i.e You must go now. (konuşan şahsın yapılacak bir işi var.)
You have to go now. (Örneğin karşı tarafa trene yetişmesini
hatırlatıyor.)
Cümlelerde must yerine have to birleşimini kullanınız.
Örnek: He must stay the night. He has to stay the night.
1. He must go to Ankara tonight. ________________________
2. You must work until eight o'clock. ________________________
3. I must write a letter to my parents. ________________________
4. I must finish my homework tonight. ________________________
5. They must write their compositions. ________________________
6. I must go home now. ________________________
7. He must go to the hospital. ________________________
8. I must see him. ________________________
9. We must leave early. ________________________
10. He must be at his office by nine o'clock.
________________________
must-have to ought to-should
Birçok durumlarda must yerine have to kullanıldığı gibi ought to yerine
should kullanılır.
i.e You ought to put a suit on. Bir takım elbise giymelisin.
You should put a suit on. Bir takım elbise giymelisin. (giysen
iyi olur)
Have to ile yapılmış olumsuz bir cümle, anlam bakımından diğerlerinden
farklıdır.
i.e You don't have to put a suit on. Bir takım giymen şart değil.
You shouldn't put a suit on. Bir takım giymemelisin.
You mustn't put a suit on. Bir takım giymemelisin.
Cümlelerde must yerine have to, ought to yerine should kullanınız.
1. You ought to stay at home tonight.
________________________________________________
2. I must finish my homework tonight.
________________________________________________
3. You ought to go to Ankara next week.
________________________________________________
4. They must save more money.
________________________________________________
5. You ought to send that cable to London.
________________________________________________
6. We must leave early.
________________________________________________
7. You must prepare your exercises tonight.
________________________________________________
8. You ought to write your composition in ink.
________________________________________________
9. I ought to go to bed early.
________________________________________________
10. He ought to ask permission first.
________________________________________________
11. She must be at the office by one o'clock.
________________________________________________
12. I ought not to smoke so much.
________________________________________________
13. I must go to the hospital to visit my friend.
________________________________________________
20
have to (= have got to) (A)
Konuşma dilinde have to yerine genellikle have got to kullanılır.
i.e I have to finish my homework
I have got to finish my homework.
Cümlelerde have to yerine have got to birleşimini kullanınız.
Örnek: He has to go to Ankara tonight.
He has got to go to Ankara tonight.
1. You have to work until eight o'clock.
________________________________________________
2. We have to leave early.
________________________________________________
3. I have to study tonight.
________________________________________________
4. She has to stay the night.
________________________________________________
5. They have to write their compositions.
________________________________________________
6. I have to fly back on Wednesday.
________________________________________________
7. We have to leave early.
________________________________________________
8. She has to go to the hospital.
________________________________________________
9. I have to be back at the office.
________________________________________________
10. He has to be at his office by nine o'clock.
________________________________________________
have to (= have got to) (B) (Soru ve
Olumsuz)
Have sözcüğü cümle başına alınarak soru yapılabilir.
i.e You have got to work now. You have to work now.
Have you got to work now? Have you to work now?
Olumsuz cümlelerde haven't got (hasn't got) veya don't have to
(doesn't have to) kullanılır.
i.e You haven't got to work now.
You don't have to work now.
içinde have to bulunan cümleler soru veya olumsuz yapılırken genellikle
to do yardımcı fiili kullanılır.
To do yardımcı fiili ile cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: He has to go to Ankara tonight.
Does he have to go to Ankara tonight?
He doesn't have to go to Ankara tonight.
1. You have to write your composition tonight.
________________________________________________
2. He has to be at his office by nine o'clock.
________________________________________________
3. They have to fly back on Friday.
________________________________________________
4. She has to go to the hospital.
________________________________________________
5. We have to leave early.
________________________________________________
6. You have to finish your homework.
________________________________________________
7. He has to be back at the office by tomorrow.
________________________________________________
need - needn't
Need sözcüğü must gibi bir yardımcı fiil olduğundan tekil üçüncü
şahıslarda (s) takısı olmaz: (he need, she need..)
Need ile başlayan sorulara olumlu cevap verildiğinde must kullanılır.
Must ile başlayan sorulara olumsuz cevap verildiğinde needn't kullanılır.
i.e Need I go? Yes, you must. No, you needn't.
Must I go? Yes, you must. No, you needn't.
"İhtiyacı olmak" anlamına gelen to need bir yardımcı fiil değildir, tekil
üçüncü şahıslarda (s) takısı alır:
i.e He needs an umbrella.
Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: Need I bring my books to class tomorrow?
Yes, you must. No, you needn't.
1. Need he take any more pills tonight?
________________________________________________
2. Must we write our composition in ink?
________________________________________________
3. Need I go there?
________________________________________________
4. Need we be there till seven?
________________________________________________
5. Must you prepare your lesson now?
________________________________________________
6. Need I see it?
________________________________________________
7. Must they leave early?
________________________________________________
8. Need she clean the kitchen this morning?
________________________________________________
9. Must she finish her homework today?
________________________________________________
10. Must I put a suit on?
________________________________________________
11. Need I bring any food with me tomorrow?
________________________________________________
Geniş Zaman (J) Değil mi?
(Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru) birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevaplar
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e She speaks English well, doesn't she? Yes, she does.
O iyi İngilizce konuşur, değil mi? Evet.
(Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru) birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e You don't speak French, do you? No, I don't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: You live in Istanbul, _____________?
You live in Istanbul, don't you? Yes, I do.
1. This bus stops at the next street, _____________? Yes,
___________?
2. You like to listen to the radio, _____________? Yes,
_____________?
3. She visits her relatives on Sundays,_________? Yes,
_____________?
4. They don't play football in the morning,_______? Yes,
___________?
5. The children go to bed early, _____________? Yes, _____________?
6. Mary doesn't come to school by bus, _____________? Yes,
________?
7. You help your mother, _____________? Yes, _____________?
8. He speaks English, _____________? Yes, _____________?
9. The boy doesn't know how to swim, _____________? Yes,
________?
10. They don't travel very often, _____________? Yes, _____________?
11. She knows how to cook, _____________? Yes, _____________?
12. John doesn't like to play football, _____________? Yes,
___________?
13. Mary likes to watch television, _____________? Yes,
_____________?
Sıfatlar (C)
Sayılabilen isimlerle adet gösteren sıfatlar, sayılmayan isimlerle miktar
gösteren sıfatlar kullanılır.
Adjectives of Number Adjectives of Quantity
(sayılabilen isimlerle) (sayılamayan isimlerle)
a great many a great deal of
plenty of plenty of
a lot of a lot of
21
 a few a little
several
some some
any any
all all
Boş olan yerlere a great many, a few, a great deal of, a little
birleşimlerinden uygun olanını koyunuz.
Örnek: I drink _____________water at dinner.
I drink a great deal of water at dinner.
1. A rich man has_____________money, but a poor man
has__________
2. There are only_____________flowers in the garden now.
3. There is only_____________snow in this town in winter.
4. This garden has_____________trees.
5. This tree has_____________fruit on it.
6. That tree has_____________apples on it.
7. There is_____________water in the sea.
8. He seems to have_____________money.
9. There are___________ books in the library and ___________in my
bag.
everything, everybody (= everyone)
Everything, everybody (= everyone) sözcükleri özne olarak
kullanıldığında cümlelerin fiili tekil durumdadır.
i.e Everything is here. Her şey buradadır.
Everybody is here. Herkes buradadır.
Everyone works. Herkes çalışır.
Boş olan yerlerde parantez içinde verilen fiilleri kullanarak geniş zaman
cümlelerini tamamlayınız.
Örnek: (to be) Everything in the room ___________dirty.
Everything in the room is dirty.
1. (to wish) Everybody___________to lead a happy life.
2. (to like) ___________everyone ___________to drive a car?
3. (to be) ___________everything in its place?
4. (to learn) Everyone ___________to read.
5. (to speak) Everybody___________English in this class.
6. (to swim) ___________everybody___________in the pool?
7. (to sing) Everyone ___________happily.
8. (to be) Everything ___________ready.
9. (to want) Everybody___________to do it.
10. (to belong) Everything in the house ___________to her.
11. (to wait) Everybody___________at the bus stop.
12. (to learn) Everyone ___________English here.
13. (to be) ___________everything in the box?
14. (to write) Everybody___________a sentence.
to be (C) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He is a doctor, isn't he? Yes, he is.
O bir doktordur, değil mi? Evet, (o bir doktordur).
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He isn't a doctor, is he? No, he isn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumlu kısa soru" veya "olumsuz kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: You aren't ready___________? ___________.
You aren't ready, are you? No, I am not.
1. The children are happy, ________ they? Yes, they________
2. We are polite, ________? Yes, ________
3. Mary is an actress, ________she? Yes, she ________
4. It is very cold, ________? Yes, ________
5. The girls are friendly, ________they? Yes, they ________
6. He is a careful student, ________? Yes, ________
7. They aren't big cars, ________? No, ________
8. It wasn't an important job, ________? No, ________
9. He isn't a capable accountant, ________? No, ________
10. John is a good student, ________he? Yes, he ________
11. You aren't lazy, ________? No, ________
12. She is a pretty girl, ________? Yes, ________
13. That man isn't an engineer, ________he? No, ________
there is - there are (C) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e There is telephone here, isn't there? Yes, there is.
Burada bir telefon var, değil mi? Evet, var.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e There isn't telephone here, is there? No, there isn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: There is some tea in the cupboard, ________?
There is some tea in the cupboard, isn't there? Yes, there is.
1. There are some chairs in the room, ________? Yes, ________
2. There are some matches in the box, ________? Yes, ________
3. There isn't any candy in the bag, ________? No, ________
4. There is some butter on the plate, ________? Yes, ________
5. There are some boys in the class, ________? Yes, ________
6. There are some cups on the shelf, ________? Yes, ________
7. There aren't any gloves here, ________? Yes, ________
8. There isn't any water in the bottle, ________? No, ________
9. There are some visitors in the room, ________? Yes, ________
10. There isn't any food in the kitchen, ________? No, ________
11. There aren't any grapes in the garden, ________? No, ________
12. There are some dishes on the table, ________? Yes, ________
to have (E) Değil mi?
"Olumlu climie + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e You have a watch, haven't you? Yes, I have.
Bir saatin var, değil mi? Evet, var.
(Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru) birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e The boy hasn't an umbrella, has he? No, he hasn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: I have a bottle of ink, ________? ________
I have a bottle of ink, haven't I? Yes, you have.
1. You haven't any notebooks, ________? No, ________
2. She has a watch and a ring, ________? Yes, ________
3. The boy hasn't a fountain pen, ________? No, ________
4. Mary has a schoolbag, ________? Yes, ________
5. This man hasn't two horses, ________? No, ________
6. Tom and Jim have two balls, ________? Yes, ________
7. John has a bicycle, ________? Yes, ________
8. They haven't a boat, ________? No, ________
9. Mr Brown has an office, ________? Yes, ________
10. You have a letter for me, ________? Yes, ________
11. She hasn't a watch, ________? No, ________
12. The children have some toys, ________? Yes, ________
13. We haven't a clock in this room, ________? No, ________
Mülkiyet Zamirleri
"Mülkiyet sıfatları + isim" birleşimleri yerine mine, yours, his, hers, its,
ours, yours, theirs Mülkiyet zamirleri kullanılabilir.
i.e my book mine his book his our book ours
your book yours her book hers your book yours
John's book John's their book theirs
"Mülkiyet sıfatları + isim" birleşimleri veya isim tamlamaları yerine
ilgili sözcükleri koyunuz.
Örnek: This book is my book. Bu kitap benim kitabimdir.
This book is mine. Bu kitap benimkidir.
1. This pencil is his pencil. ________________________
2. These books are our books. ________________________
3. This office is John's office. ________________________
4. Is this watch your watch? ________________________
5. This notebook is my notebook. ________________________
22
6. This magazine is your magazine. ________________________
7. Those are Helen's books. ________________________
8. These letters are her letters. ________________________
9. Is this book your book or John's book? ________________________
10. This hat is Mr Smith's hat. ________________________
11. This apartment is our apartment. ________________________
12. These pencils are their pencils. ________________________
13. This one is my magazine. ________________________
14. I think it is Helen's dress. ________________________
15. This apartment is Mr Smith's apartment.
________________________
Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (A)
İkiden fazla hecesi olmayan sıfatların sonuna genellikle -er takısı
eklenerek "üstünlük derecesi", -est eklenerek "en üstünlük derecesi" elde
edilir.
i.e long longer than the longest
uzun ...den daha uzun en uzun
İkiden fazla hecesi olan sıfatların kıyaslanmasında, sıfatların önünde
more ve the most kullanılır. Bazı iki heceli sıfatlar için de bu kural
uygulanır.
i.e beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful
honest more honest the most honest
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen sıfatın "üstünlük derecesini"
veya "en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.
Örnek: (tall) Mary is the ______________girl in our class.
Mary is the tallest girl in our class.
1. (long) Is your hair______________than mine?
2. (young) Helen is the ______________girl in our class.
3. (short) Are you ______________than John?
4. (dark) Whose hair is______________?
5. (large) Is Istanbul______________than Ankara?
6. (wide) Which street is ______________?
7. (worm) Is today ______________than yesterday?
8. (cold) This winter is______________than the last winter.
9. (difficult) This exercise is ______________than the last one.
10. (careful) He is the ______________student in our class.
11. (beautiful) She is ______________than Helen.
12. (interesting) His game is ______________than any other games.
Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (B)
(y) ile son bulan sıfatların (easy, heavy, busy, funny, pretty, lovely)
kıyaslanmasında (y) yerine ier ve iest eklenir.
i.e easy easier than... the easiest
kolay ...den daha kolay en kolay
Bazı sessiz harfler ile son bulan tek heceli sıfatların (hot, fat, thin, red,
big) kıyaslanmasında son harf iki defa yazılır.
i.e big bigger the biggest
hot hotter the hottest
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen sıfatların "üstünlük derecesini"
veya "en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.
Örnek: Are you ______________than your sister. (tall)
Are you taller than your sister?
1. (hot) Which is the ______________season in the year?
2. (big) Is the red book ______________than this one?
3. (tall) Who is the ______________girl in your class?
4. (hot) Is the weather ______________in June than in August?
5. (long) Who has the ______________hair?
6. (young) Which of the three girls is the ______________?
7. (old) Is she ______________than her brother?
8. (easy) Which question is the ______________?
9. (fat) Is that man ______________than Robert?
10. (short) Is your hair______________than mine?
11. (heavy) Which box is ______________this one or that one?
12. (pretty) Who is the ______________girl in your class?
Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (C)
"Üstünlük derecesi" ve "en üstünlük derecesi" kuraldışı olan sıfatlar
şunlardır.
i.e good (better...... the best) bad (worse ...... the worst)
little (less ...... the least) ill (worse ...... the worst)
many (more ...... the most) old (older...... the oldest)
much (more ...... the most) (elder ...... the eldest)
Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki sıfatların "üstünlük derecesini" veya
"en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.
Örnek: (good) This book is ______________than the other one.
This book is better than the other one.
1. (little) He is______________clever than his brother.
2. (many) She has______________friends than I have.
3. (much) He has______________money than anybody.
4. (bad) This road is______________than the other one.
5. (old) This building is the ______________in the city.
6. (lovely) Which are the ______________flowers in your garden?
7. (difficult) This question is______________than the last one.
8. (valuable) Gold is the ______________
9. (expensive) This suit is______________than that one.
10. (industrious) Of all animals, the ants are the ______________
11. (cheap) My hat is ______________yours.
12. (long) This is the ______________pencil in the box.
13. (many) She has______________books than you have.
14. (bad) Your friends are ______________these lazy boys.
Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (D)
-er, the –est long, tall, short, old, young, dark, bright, warm, cool,
hot, cold, new, dean, strong, small, weak, loud, soft,
light, deep, last, low, high, rich, poor, cheap, clever,
sweet, wide, late, simple, narrow, thick
(big-bigger) (hot-hotter) (fat-fatter) (red-redder) (thin-thinner)
-ier, the – iest heavy, busy, funny, easy, pretty, dirty, sunny, cloudy, ugly
more, the most beautiful, honest, difficult, careful, careless,
interesting, industrious, expensive, intelligent,
convenient, useful
Cümlelerde sıfatların "üstünlük derecesi" yerine "en üstünlük derecesini"
kullanınız.
Örnek: John is taller than any other boy in the class.
John is the tallest boy in the class.
1. My office is bigger than any other office in the building.
________________________________________________________
2. New York is larger than any other city in the United States.
________________________________________________________
3. She is more intelligent than ail the other girls in the class.
________________________________________________________
4. The Soviet Union is larger than any other country in the world.
________________________________________________________
5. That child is brighter than any other child in the school.
________________________________________________________
6. Robert is fatter than any other boy in the class.
________________________________________________________
7. This hat is more expensive than any other hat in the shop.
________________________________________________________
8. The Pacific Ocean is larger than any other ocean in the world.
________________________________________________________
9. George is more careful than any other driver in the company.
________________________________________________________
10. This office is cooler than any other office in the building.
_______________________________________________________
Zarfların Kıyaslanması (A)
(ly) ile son bulan zarfların "üstünlük" derecesi more sözcüğü ile, "en
23
üstünlük derecesi" the most ile yapılır. 5. John is in his office. ______________________________
i.e carefully more carefully the most carefully 6. She is a good dentists. ______________________________
dikkatlice daha dikkatlice en dikkatli olarak 7. The new car is in the garage. ______________________________
8. He is an accountant. ______________________________
more, the most carelessly, cheerfully, clerly, loudly, quietly, quickly, 9. The children are in the garden. ______________________________
slowly, willingly, unwilingly, happily, unhappily, 10. It is a pleasant day. ______________________________
angrily, easily, lazily, roughly, selfishly, neatly, 11. We are ready. ______________________________
beautifully, cleverly, fluently 12. Helen is absent from class. ______________________________
13. They are at the seaside. ______________________________
Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki zarfların "üstünlük derecesini" veya
"en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.
Örnek: Who runs __________, John or Jack? (quickly)
Who runs more quickly, John or Jack?
to be (E) Geçmiş Zaman (2)
1. (unselfishly) He always helps the smaller boys the __________. To be fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekilleri was, were cümle başında
2. (cheerfully) Who sings __________Mary or Helen? kullanıldığında soru cümlesi yapılmış olur.
3. (fluently) He speaks __________than you. i.e Were you at school yesterday?
4. (roughly) Tom plays football roughly, but Jim plays__________. Was she in the cafeteria?
5. (neatly) She writes __________.
6. (lazily) This man works lazily, but that man works__________. Were, was sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz yapılır.
7. (beautifully) Of all the girls, she plays the piano the __________. i.e I was not at school yesterday.
8. (clearly) I can explain it__________than you. She was not in the cafeteria.
9. (carefully) Of all the students, he prepares his lessons__________.
10. (loudly) I can't hear you. Please speak __________. Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz cevap veriniz.
11. (cleverly) He does his work __________than anybody else. Örnek: Were you absent from class yesterday?
Yes, I was absent from class yesterday.
No, I was not absent from class yesterday.
1. Was the front door open yesterday?
Zarfların Kıyaslanması (B) ____________________________________________________
(ly) ile son bulan zarfların "üstünlük derecesi" more sözcüğü ile, "en 2. Was the new car in the garage?
üstünlük derecesi" the most ile yapılır. ____________________________________________________
i.e slowly more slowly the most slowly 3. Were you in the office this afternoon?
yavaş daha yavaş en yavaş ____________________________________________________
4. Was it a pleasant day?
Kuraldışı olan zarflar şunlardır: ____________________________________________________
i.e well (better - the best) early (earlier - the earliest) 5. Were they in the garden this morning?
badly (worse - the worst) late (later - the latest) ____________________________________________________
little (less - the least) fast (faster - the fastest) 6. Was John at home?
much (more - the most) near (nearer - the nearest) ____________________________________________________
hard (harder - the hardest) soon (sooner - the soonest) 7. Were the boys absent?
____________________________________________________
Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki zarfların "üstünlük derecesini" veya 8. Were John and Mary at the seaside?
"en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz. ____________________________________________________
Örnek: I don't understand you. Please speak __________ 9. Was it a cold day?
I don't understand you. Please speak more slowly. ____________________________________________________
1. He works hard, but his brother works __________. (hard) 10. Were you an accountant?
2. You should sleep__________than you do. (much) ____________________________________________________
3. He arrives at schools__________than you. (early) 11. Was he ready for breakfast?
4. Of all the boys, John drives the__________. (carefully) ____________________________________________________
5. I feel much __________than yesterday. (well) 12. Were the girls sleepy?
6. I can't understand you. Please speak __________. (slowly) ____________________________________________________
7. He runs __________than George. (quickly) 13. Was he a businessman?
8. Of all the boys, John plays the __________. (well) ____________________________________________________
9. This boy runs fast, but that boy runs__________. (fast)
10. Of all the students, he writes he __________. (neatly)
there was - there were (A)
There is- there are birleşimlerinde is yerine was, are yerine were
to be (D) Geçmiş Zaman (1) getirilirek geçmiş zaman hali yapılır.
To be fiilinin şimdiki zaman şekilleri is, am, are geçmiş zaman i.e There is a telephone here. Burada bir telefon var.
cümlelerinde was veya were şeklindedir. There was a telephone here. Burada bir telefon vardı.
i.e I was he was we were Was there a telephone here? Burada bir telefon var mıydı?
you were she was you were There was not a telephone here. Burada bir telefon yoktu.
it was they were
was not (= wasn't) were not (= weren't)
Tekil isimlerle was, çoğul ismlerle were kullanılır.
i.e The door was open. Cümleleri, geçmiş zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz.
The windows were open. Örnek: There are some cigarettes here.
There were some cigarettes here.
Cümlelerde to be fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekillerini (was, were) 1. There are a lot of telephones in the office.
kullanınız. ____________________________________________________
Örnek: She is at home. (now) O evdedir. (şimdi) 2. There is a lot of water in the lake.
She was at home. (yesterday) O evde idi. (dün) ____________________________________________________
1. The front door is open. ______________________________ 3. There aren't any oranges in the shop.
2. I am an officer in the Navy. ______________________________ ____________________________________________________
3. The windows are open. ______________________________ 4. There isn't any food in the kitchen.
4. You are a teacher. ______________________________ ____________________________________________________
24
5. Are there any dishes on the table?
____________________________________________________
6. Aren't there any gloves there?
____________________________________________________
7. There is some butter on the plate.
____________________________________________________
8. There are some chairs in the room.
____________________________________________________
9. Aren't there any boys in the class?
____________________________________________________
10. There isn't any bread on the table.
____________________________________________________
11. Are there any desks in the room?
____________________________________________________
12. There's some chalk in the box.
____________________________________________________
13. There aren't any sweets in the house.
____________________________________________________
14. There are some matches here.
____________________________________________________
there was - there were (B) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e There was a telephone here, wasn't there? Yes, there was.
Burada bir telefon vardi, değil mi? Evet, vardı.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e There wasn't a telephone here, was there? No, there wasn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: There was some tea in the cupboard,_________?
There was some tea in the cupboard, wasn't there? Yes, there
was.
1. There were some chairs in the room, _________? Yes, _________
2. There were some matches in the box, _________? Yes, _________
3. There wasn't any candy in the house, _________? Yes, _________
4. There was some butter on the plate, _________? Yes, _________
5. There were some boys in the class, _________? Yes, _________
6. There were some cups on the shelf, _________? Yes, _________
7. There weren't any gloves there, _________? No, _________
8. There wasn't any water in the bottle, _________? No, _________
9. There were some visitors in the room, _________? Yes, _________
10. There wasn't any food in the kitchen, _________? No, _________
11. There weren't any grapes in the garden, _________? No, _________
12. There were some dishes on the table, _________? Yes, _________
Kısaltmalar (E) to be Geçmiş Zaman
I wasn't (I was not) we weren't (we were not)
you weren't (you were not) you weren't (you were
not)
he wasn't (he was not) they weren't (they were
not)
she wasn't (she was not) it wasn't (it was not)
Cümlelerde yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.
Örnek: They were not at the seaside. They weren't at the seaside.
1. Mary was not absent from class yesterday.
____________________________________
2. There were not any gloves here.
____________________________________
3. I was not in the cafeteria yesterday.
____________________________________
4. She was not in the office this afternoon.
____________________________________
5. John and Helen were not at home.
____________________________________
6. They were not careful students
____________________________________
7. The children were not in the garden.
____________________________________
8. We were not in the restaurant.
____________________________________
9. He was not a very lucky man.
____________________________________
10. It was not an important job.
____________________________________
11. There were not any cars in the garage.
____________________________________
12. There was not any bread on the table.
____________________________________
13. He was not o capable accountant.
____________________________________
14. It was not a cheap coat.
____________________________________
15. You were not with us.
____________________________________
16. They were not lazy students.
____________________________________
17. The boys :sere not very careful.
____________________________________
18. It was not a very interesting book.
____________________________________
Kısa Cevaplar (D) to be Geçmiş Zaman
Olumlu kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar kullanılmaz.
i.e Were you at school yesterday? Yes, I was.
Olumsuz kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar kullanılır.
i.e Were the boys in the cafeteria? No, the weren't.
Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: Was Mr Brown a pilot in the Air Force?
Yes, he was. No, he wasn't.
1. Where you a teacher? _____________________________
2. Was she an actress? _____________________________
3. Were they good students? _____________________________
4. Was he a careful student? _____________________________
5. Were you in the cafeteria? _____________________________
6. Was John a capable architect? _____________________________
7. Were we polite? _____________________________
8. Was it an important job? _____________________________
9. Was I with you? _____________________________
10. Were the children happy? _____________________________
11. Was the letter for me? _____________________________
12. Were John and Mary there? _____________________________
13. Was Helen at the seaside? _____________________________
14. Were the woman in the kitchen? _____________________________
15. Was it necessary? _____________________________
16. Were you in the office? _____________________________
17. Was it a sunny day? _____________________________
to be (F) Geçmiş Zaman (Değil mi)
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He was a doctor, wasn't he? Yes, he was.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He wasn't a doctor, was he? No, he wasn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: You weren't ready, ___________? ___________
You weren't ready, were you? No, I wasn't.
1. The children were happy, ___________? Yes, they___________
2. We were polite, ___________? Yes, ___________
3. Mary was an actress, ___________? Yes, ___________
4. It was very cold, ___________? Yes, ___________
5. The girls were friendly, ___________? Yes, ___________
6. He was a careful student, ___________? Yes, ___________
7. They weren't big cars, ___________? No, ___________
25
8. It wasn't an important job, ___________? No, ___________
9. He wasn't a capable accountant, ___________? No, ___________
10. John was a good student, ___________? Yes, he ___________
11. You weren't lazy, ___________? No, ___________
12. She was a pretty girl, ___________? Yes, ___________
13. The man wasn't an engineer, ___________? No, he___________
to have (F) Geçmiş Zaman
To have fiilinin şimdiki zaman şekilleri have, has geçmiş zaman
cümlelerinde had şeklindedir.
i.e I have a boat. Bir sandalım vardır.
I had he had we had
you had she had you had
it had they had
Had sözcüğü cümle basına alınarak soru cümlesi, had sozcüğünden
sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz cümle yapılır.
i.e Had you a bicycle?
I had not a bicycle. (had not = hadn't)
Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: We had a house in the country.
Had we a house in the country?
We hadn't a house in the country.
1. John had a sports car.
____________________________________________
2. My brother had a black dog.
____________________________________________
3. We had a shop on that street.
____________________________________________
4. His father had a factory.
____________________________________________
5. She had two schoolbags.
____________________________________________
6. I had model aeroplanes.
____________________________________________
7. He had an office in Istanbul.
____________________________________________
8. They had a lot of friends.
____________________________________________
9. The farmer had many horses.
____________________________________________
to have (G) Geçmiş Zaman (Değil mi?)
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e You had a boat, hadn't you? Yes, I had.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e You hadn't a house, had you? No, I hadn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz.
Örnek: He had a bicycle,________? ________
He had a bicycle, hadn't he? Yes, he had.
1. We had a clock in this room, ________? Yes, ________
2. Margaret had a watch, ________? Yes, ________
3. The children had some toys, ________? Yes, ________
4. John had a car, ________? Yes, ________
5. Mary had a schoolbag, ________? Yes, ________
6. You hadn't a boat, ________? No, ________
7. Mr Brown hadn't a house, ________? No, ________
8. Tom and Jim hadn't a house, ________? No, ________
9. They hadn't an umbrella, ________? No, ________
10. She had a fountain pen, ________? Yes, ________
11. You had a ring, _________? Yes, ________
12. We hadn't a square table, ________? No, ________
13. I hadn't a blue shirt, ________? No, ________
Şimdiki Zaman (Present Continuous) (A)
(to be yardımcı fiili + fiillerin ing şekli) = şimdiki zaman
i.e We are + walking. Biz yürüyoruz.
I am walking he is walking we are walking
you are walking she is walking you are walking
it is walking they are walking
ing takısı fiillerin yalın haline eklenir. (to read - reading)
(e) ile son bulan fiillerde (e) kaldırılır. (to write - writing)
(t) ile son bulan fiillerde (t) yerine (tt) yazılir. (to put - putting)
Olumlu emir cümlelerini şimdiki zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz.
(Cümlelerin başında parantez içindeki şahıs zamirlerini kullanınız.)
Örnek: (he) Look at the blackboard!
He is looking at the blackboard.
1. (I) Write a sentence on this paper! ________________________
2. (they) Listen to the teacher! ________________________
3. (we) Go to the window! ________________________
4. (she) Read the sentence! ________________________
5. (you) Ring the bell! ________________________
6. (they) Put the books on the table! ________________________
7. (he) Take a piece of chalk! ________________________
8. (I) Go to sleep! ________________________
9. (you) Light a cigarette! ________________________
10. (we) Send a telegram! ________________________
11. (she) Count the books on the table! ________________________
12. (I) Draw a picture on the blackboard!
______________________
Şimdiki Zaman (Present Continuous) (B)
"to be yardımcı fiili + fiillerin ing şekli" = şimdiki zaman
i.e I am speaking English.
Şimdiki zaman cümlelerinde cümle sonunda "şimdi" anlamına gelen
now sözcüğü kullanılabilir.
i.e We are going to the cafeteria now.
Geniş zaman cümlelerini şimdiki zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz.
"everyday, every morning, every night” birleşimleri yerine now
sözcüğünü koyunuz.
Örnek: He does his homework every night.
He is doing his homework now.
1. He takes an English lesson every day.
_________________________________________
2. He studies his lesson every day.
_________________________________________
3. John eats lunch in the cafeteria every day.
_________________________________________
4. He puts the mail on the desk every morning.
_________________________________________
5. He comes to his office every day.
_________________________________________
6. I watch television every night.
_________________________________________
7. It rains every day.
_________________________________________
8. He speaks to her in English every day.
_________________________________________
9. The sun shines every day.
_________________________________________
10. He reads his newspaper every day.
_________________________________________
11. Mary goes to school every day.
_________________________________________
12. The children play in the garden every day.
_________________________________________
13. John plays the piano every night.
_________________________________________
14. They have breakfast in the cafeteria every morning.
_________________________________________
26
Şimdiki Zaman (C) Soru ve Olumsuz
"to be yardımcı fiili + fiillerin ing şekli" = şimdiki zaman
i.e He is writing a letter.
To be fiilinin şimdiki zaman şekilleri is, am, are cümle başına alınarak
soru cümlesi, bu sözcüklerden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz cümIe
yapılır.
i.e Is he writing a latter?
He is not writing a latter.
Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: She is preparing her lesson now?
Is she preparing her lesson now?
She is not preparing her lesson now.
1. John is eating his lunch now.
_________________________________________
2. We are going to the movies now.
_________________________________________
3. Mary is speaking to the teacher.
_________________________________________
4. Mr John is teaching us today.
_________________________________________
5. The telephone is ringing now.
_________________________________________
6. Mrs Smith is smoking a cigarette now.
_________________________________________
7. The sun is rising in the east now.
_________________________________________
8. You are taking your lesson now.
_________________________________________
9. The wind is blowing hard today.
_________________________________________
10. It is raining hard now.
_________________________________________
11. He is coming to work now.
_________________________________________
12. They are working on the tenth floor.
_________________________________________
13. They are having a big sale in that store.
_________________________________________
Şimdiki Zaman (D)
Geniş zaman ile karşılaştırılması
Geniş zaman belirli bir alışkanlıkla her gün yapılan hareketleri veya
genel olayları anlatmak için kullanılır.
i.e Mary goes to school every day.
The sun always rises in the east.
Şimdiki zaman şu an yapılmakta olan bir hareketi veya şu an olan bir
genel olayı anlatmak için kullanılır.
i.e Mary is going to school now.
The sun is rising in the east now.
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geniş zamanını veya
şimdiki zamanını koyunuz.
Örnek: (play) John ___________ the piano every day.
John___________ the piano now.
John plays the piano every day.
John is playing the piano now.
1. (eat) He___________ lunch in the cafeteria every day.
He ___________ lunch in the cafeteria now.
2. (blow) The ___________ wind hard in this part of town.
The wind ___________ hard in this part of town now.
3. (go) We sometimes ___________ to the cinema on Sunday.
We ___________ to the cinema now.
4. (smoke) Mr Brown ___________ a cigarette now.
Mr Brown ___________ a great deal.
5. (do) They___________ their homework every night.
They___________ their homework now.
Şimdiki Zaman (E) Yakın gelecekteki olaylarda
Türkçede olduğu gibi İngilizce de yakın gelecekteki olayları anlatmak
için şimdiki zaman kullanılır.
i.e He is leaving for Ankara tomorrow. O yarın Ankara'ya gidiyor.
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.
i.e When is he leaving for Ankara?
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin şimdiki zamanını
koyunuz.
Örnek: (to come) My brother___________ to visit me next week.
My brother is coming to visit me next week.
1. (to leave) When ___________ you ___________ for Europe?
2. (to go) What time________ you_________ to the cinema
tonight?
3. (to come) She ___________ to see you tomorrow.
4. (to arrive) On what train___________ your friends___________?
5. (to leave) I___________ for Ankara in the morning.
6. (to go) Where___________ you___________ on your vacation?
7. (to come) Some friends___________ to visit us tonight.
8. (to leave) John___________ Istanbul tomorrow morning.
9. (to go) _________ you________ to the concert tomorrow night?
10. (to sail) He___________ for France on the Queen Mary.
11. (to leave) On what train___________ Mr Brown___________?
12. (to go) Mr Brown___________ to Chicago on Saturday.
13. (to fly) He___________ to Paris tomorrow morning.
14. (to arrive) Mr Jones___________ on the Queen Mary on Monday.
Şimdiki Zaman (F) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerinde olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He is going to school, isn't he? Yes, he is.
O okula gidiyor, değil mi? Evet.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He is not watching television, is he? No, he isn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: It is raining now, ___________? ___________
It is raining now, isn't it? Yes, it is.
1. It is not raining, ___________ ? No, ___________
2. He is leaving for Ankara tomorrow, ___________ ? Yes,
___________
3. She is coming to see you today, ___________ ? Yes, ___________
4. John in leaving Istanbul tomorrow, ___________ ? Yes,
___________
5. You aren't leaving for Ankara today, ___________ ? No,
___________
6. He isn't going to the concert tonight, ___________ ? No,
___________
7. It is snowing outside, ___________ ? Yes, ___________
8. Tom isn't playing with them, ___________ ? No, ___________
9. The wind isn't blowing hard, ___________ ? No, ___________
10. We aren't going to the theatre tonight, ___________? No,
_________
11. They are flying to Paris tomorrow, ___________ ? Yes,
___________
12. He sun is not shining now, ___________ ? No, ___________ ü
13. He is arriving on Monday, ___________ ? Yes, ___________
Şimdiki Zaman (G) Soru sözcüklü sorular
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.
i.e Where is William going?
How is he going to work?
What are they eating?
Why is the girl crying?
Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru
cümleleri kurunuz.
27
Örnek: (when) John is leaving for school now.
When is John leaving for school?
1. (how) Mr Brown is going to New York by plane.
____________________________________________
2. (for whom) Mary is waiting for her friends.
____________________________________________
3. (what) John is eating a sandwich for breakfast.
____________________________________________
4. (where) Helen is having lunch in the cafeteria.
____________________________________________
5. (with whom) Tom and Jim are talking with their friends.
____________________________________________
6. (where) They are sitting at the table in the corner.
____________________________________________
7. (to whom) She is speaking to the postman now.
____________________________________________
8. (what book) Robert is studying his English book.
____________________________________________
9. (why) He is going to the hospital to visit Mary.ü
____________________________________________
10. (with what)They are playing with the model aero planes.
____________________________________________
11. (when) They are going to the cinema tonight.
____________________________________________
12. (where) The children are running to the garden.
____________________________________________
Şimdiki Zaman (H) Olumsuz Soru
Şimdiki zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to be fiilinin olumsuz şekilleri
isn't, am not, aren't ile başlar.
i.e Isn't he staying in (at) the hotel?
Am I not learning?
Aren't you leaving for Ankara today?
Cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.
Örnek: She is preparing her lesson now.
Isn't she preparing her lesson now?
1. They are having a big sale in that store.
__________________________________________
2. Robert is speaking to the teacher.
__________________________________________
3. Mr Brown is teaching us today.
__________________________________________
4. It is raining outside now.
__________________________________________
5. We are studying the first book.
__________________________________________
6. The baby is crying now.
__________________________________________
7. He isn't studying English now.
__________________________________________
8. John is working on the second floor.
__________________________________________
9. He is trying to learn to read and write.
__________________________________________
10. He is putting the mail in the mail box.
__________________________________________
Şimdiki Zaman (I)
Soru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük
grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.
i.e Where is the old man standing?
To whom is she giving the book?
Is Tom going to the post-office?
Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara Şimdiki
Zaman cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.
Örnek: What is she reading now? (the newspaper)
She is reading the newspaper now.
1. Is he going to the post-office or to school? (to school)
__________________________________________
2. How many planes are flying in the air? (only one plane)
__________________________________________
3. Who is walking across the bridge? (John)
__________________________________________
4. Are you learning English or German? (English)
__________________________________________
5. What time are they leaving? (at two o'clock)
__________________________________________
6. With whom are you going to the cinema? (with Helen)
__________________________________________
7. Is she going there by herself or with Mary? (with Mary)
__________________________________________
8. What are the firemen pouring on the fire? (water)
__________________________________________
9. With what is she writing a letter? (with a pen)
__________________________________________
10. Are they walking by the river or by the lake? (by the lake)
__________________________________________
11. Who is driving Robert to school? (his father)
__________________________________________
12. Where is he coming from? (from the station)
__________________________________________
13. To whom is she speaking now? (to the postman)
__________________________________________
14. With whom are they talking? (with their friends)
__________________________________________
15. Is the man carrying a bag or luggage? (luggage)
__________________________________________
16. What are the boys throwing at each other? (stones)
__________________________________________
Şimdiki Zaman (J) Kısa Cevaplar
i.e Are you learning English? Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Is she teaching French? Yes, she is No, she isn't
Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: Am I swimming well enough?
Yes, you are. No, you aren't.
1. Are the boys walking to school together?
__________________________________________
2. Are you doing all the exercises?
__________________________________________
3. Is John going to school today?
__________________________________________
4. Are they having an English class now?
__________________________________________
5. Is Robert reading the newspaper now?
__________________________________________
6. Are these students writing on the blackboard?
__________________________________________
7. Is John eating lunch in the school cafeteria?
__________________________________________
8. Are you going to the post-office now?
__________________________________________
9. Is Mary looking for a friend?
__________________________________________
10. Is the little girl learning to dress herself?
__________________________________________
Gelecek Zaman (Simple Future) (A)
Gelecek zaman cümlelerinde shall veya will yardımcı fiilleri kullanılır.
Shall ve will sözcüklerinden sonra fiillerin yalın hali getirilir.
i.e I shall play with my friend. Arkadaşımla oynayacağım.
I shall play he will play we shall play
you will play she will play you will play
it will play they will play
Olumsuz emir cümlelerini gelecek zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz.
(Cümlelerin başında parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirlerini kullanınız.)
Örnek: (we) Look at the blackboard!
We shall look at the blackboard.
1. (I) Write a sentence on this paper!
28
 __________________________________________
2. (they) Listen to the radio!
__________________________________________
3. (we) Go to the window!
__________________________________________
4. (she) Read the sentence!
__________________________________________
5. (you) Ring the bell!
__________________________________________
6. (they) Put the books on the desk!
__________________________________________
7. (he) Take a piece of chalk!
__________________________________________
8. (I) Go to sleep!
__________________________________________
9. (you) Light a cigarette!
__________________________________________
10. (we) Send a telegram!
__________________________________________
11. (she) Count the books on the table!
__________________________________________
12. (I) Draw a picture on the blackboard!
__________________________________________
Gelecek Zaman (B) Soru ve Olumsuz
Olumlu gelecek zaman cümlelerinde kullanılan shall veya will
sözcükleri cümle başına alınarak soru cümlesi yapılır.
i.e We shall play in the garden. Shall we play in the garden?
Shall veya will sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz
cümleler yapılır.
i.e He will go to the meeting. He will not go to the meeting.
shall not (= shan't) will not (= won't)
Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: She will go to the theatre tomorrow.
Will she go to the theatre tomorrow?
She won't go to the theatre tomorrow.
1. We shall come to school next Monday.
__________________________________________
2. She will take some photographs.
__________________________________________
3. In the evening I shall read the newspaper.
__________________________________________
4. He will take his friend to a concert.
__________________________________________
5. Alice will stay at home in the morning.
__________________________________________
6. The bell will ring in five minutes.
__________________________________________
7. They will take a trip to Europe this summer.
__________________________________________
8. I shall see her before she leaves.
__________________________________________
9. You will take an English lesson tomorrow.
__________________________________________
10. We shall see each other before you leave.
__________________________________________
Gelecek Zaman (C) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e We shall go home, shan't we? Yes, we shall.
Eve gidecegiz, değil mi? Evet.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e They won't go to school, will they? No, they won't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz.
Örnek: You will take music lessons,_________? _________
You will take music lessons, won't you? Yes, I shall.
1. He will visit his relatives today, _________? Yes, _________
2. We shall leave tomorrow morning, _________? Yes, _________
3. They won't stay at home, _________? No, _________
4. She will take her sister there, _________? Yes, _________
5. Your friends are arriving on this train, _________? Yes, _________
6. You will take your camera with you, _________? Yes, _________
7. We shan't remain there all the summer, _________? No, _________
8. He will buy the tickets, _________? Yes, _________
9. They will return next month, _________? Yes, _________
10. You won't be at the lesson on Monday, _________? No, _________
11. He won't be at the meeting, _________? No, _________
12. She will do her homework today, _________? Yes, _________
13. They won't go to the cinema tonight, _________? No, _________
Gelecek Zaman (D) Soru sözcüklu sorular
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.
i.e What time will the train arrive in Ankara?
At what street will you get off the bus?
Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru
cümleleri kurunuz.
Örnek: (where) I shall have lunch at the cafeteria.
Where will you have lunch?
1. (why) I shall go to the station to say good-bye to her.
______________________________________________________
2. (when) We shall visit Mr Brown again next week.
______________________________________________________
3. (where)Tom and Jim will meet me at the station.
______________________________________________________
4. (what) They will buy some books at the book-shop.
______________________________________________________
5. (how) He will go to his office in his own car.
______________________________________________________
6. (with what) They will be very pleased with their presents.
______________________________________________________
7. (where)John and Mary will go to the zoo tomorrow.
______________________________________________________
8. (for whom) I shall buy a nice Christmas present for Mary.
______________________________________________________
9. (to whom) Tom will give Helen a present at Christmas.
______________________________________________________
10. (what time) The plane will leave for Ankara at eleven.
______________________________________________________
11. (when) There will be a meeting this morning.
______________________________________________________
12. (why) They will go to Par's to see their son.
______________________________________________________
13. (what time) She will be here at one o'clock.
______________________________________________________
14. (at what street) I shall get off the bus at 70th Street.
______________________________________________________
Gelecek Zaman (E) Olumsuz Soru
Gelecek zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri shall, will yardımcı fiillerin
olumsuz şekilleri shan't, won't ile başlar.
i.e Shan't we begin our lesson at nine?
Won't you be here on Thursday?
Cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.
Örnek: We shall not come to school next Monday.
Shan't we come to school next Monday?
1. I shall read the newspaper in the evening.
______________________________________________________
2. Mary will stay at home in the morning.
______________________________________________________
3. She will go for a walk at the seaside.
______________________________________________________
4. He will take his sister to the cinema.
______________________________________________________
5. We shall all enjoy the holiday.
29
 ______________________________________________________
6. He will bring his camera with him.
______________________________________________________
7. The lesson will begin at nine o'clock.
______________________________________________________
8. They will come back tomorrow.
______________________________________________________
9. I shall watch television tonight.
______________________________________________________
10. They will visit their relatives on Sunday.
______________________________________________________
Gelecek Zaman (F) Sorular
Soru cümlelerinde soru sözcüğü (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük
grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başıda bulunur. (Kullanılan
"zaman" soru şeklindedir.)
i.e Where will you spend your vacation?
How long will you be in Bodrum?
Will you return to Istanbul soon?
__________________________________________
5. Will there be a class next Monday?
__________________________________________
6. Shall we go to the post-office after the lesson?
__________________________________________
7. Will you visit your relatives this weekend?
__________________________________________
8. Will she come with us to the cinema?
__________________________________________
9. Shall we have dinner at seven o'clock tonight?
__________________________________________
10. Will the shops be open at eight o'clock in the morning?
__________________________________________
Geçmiç Zaman (Simple Past) (A)
Olumlu geçmiş zaman cümlelerinde fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri
kullanılır. Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına
(ed), (d) veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) takısı alır.
i.e work – worked live – lived study – studied

Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara gelecek Kurala uygun olmayan fiiller, belirli gruplarda belirli ozellikler gösterir.
zaman cümleleri ile cevap veriniz. i.e put – put build – built keep – kept
Örnek: How will they go back to the village? (by bus) cut – cut send – sent bring – brought
They will go back to the village by bus. feel – felt buy – bought
1. Will you visit the museums or the mosques? (the museums)
______________________________________________________ (Kuraldışı fiillerin Past ve Past Participle şekilleri Ek Bölümünde
2. When shall we hold a meeting? (tomorrow) gösterilmiştir.)
______________________________________________________ Geniş zaman cümlelerini geçmiş zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz.
3. What time will you be in the office? (at two o'clock) (Everyday yerine yesterday koyunuz.)
______________________________________________________ Örnek: He works every day. O her gün çalışır.
4. Where will you go first? (to the station) He worked yesterday. O dün çalıştı.
______________________________________________________
5. Will you study English or history tonight? (history) 1. I study English every day. ______________________________
______________________________________________________ 2. We live in Istanbul. ______________________________
6. For whom will your father buy a present? (for my sister) 3. The girl puts on her dress. ______________________________
______________________________________________________ 4. They build a house. she worked.
7. At what street will you get off the bus? (at 70th street) ______________________________
______________________________________________________ 5. I send a letter to my parents. ______________________________
8. Will he wait in the class or in the garden? (in the class) 6. We buy a newspaper every day.
______________________________________________________ ______________________________
9. To whom will you give a Christmas present? (to Mary) 7. I feel much better. ______________________________
______________________________________________________ 8. He brings her some flowers. ______________________________
10. Will they go there by bus or by train? (by train) 9. He cuts it with a knife. ______________________________
______________________________________________________ 10. We keep ourselves busy. ______________________________
11. In what way will it be useful to us? (in many ways)
______________________________________________________
12. Shall we go to the cinema or to the theatre? (to the cinema)
______________________________________________________
Geçmiç Zaman (Simple Past) (B)
13. How shall we learn to'speak English? (by practice) Olumlu geçmiş zaman cümlelerinde fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri
______________________________________________________ kullanılır.
14. Will he stay at home or come with us? (at home) Kurala uygun fiiller Kurala uymayan fiiller
______________________________________________________ mail – mailed see – saw
15. Why will he stay at home? (to watch television) arrive – arrived pay – paid
______________________________________________________ play – played write – wrote
16. With what will they be very pleased? (with their presents) open – opened take – took
______________________________________________________ wait – waited give – gave
carry – carried go – went
prepare – parepared come – came
Gelecek Zaman (G) Kısa Cevaplar Geniş zaman cümlelerini geçmiş zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz.
i.e Will you be here tomorrow? Yes, I will. No, I won't. (Everyday yerine yesterday koyunuz.)
Shall we have time to rest? Yes, we shall. No, we shan't. Örnek: They see each other every day.
Shall I see you next lessons? Yes, you will. No, you won't. They saw each other yesterday.
1. The postman comes here everyday.
Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz. ____________________________
Örnek: Will they be open on Saturday afternoon? 2. He mails the letter in the mail box.
Yes, they will. No, they won't. ____________________________
1. Will you come here again next week? 3. I pay my fare on the bus every day.
__________________________________________ ____________________________
2. Will you have time to write a composition this week? 4. Mr Brown carries a suitcase. ____________________________
__________________________________________ 5. He writes a composition every day.
3. Will there be an important football match this week? ____________________________
__________________________________________ 6. She waits for us after the lesson. ____________________________
4. Shall I have time to write a letter before breakfast? 7. I take my package and go home. ____________________________
30
8. They prepare their lessons every day.
__________________________ -ed rain, reach, rent, rest, return, repair, row, sail, seem, show, sign,
9. He gives his sister a present. ____________________________ smell, snow, stay, succeed, thank, touch, travel, walk, want, wash, wait,
10. She opens the windows every day. watch, wish, work
____________________________
11. The children play in the garden. ____________________________ (drop-dropped) (stop-stopped) (permit-permitted) (plan-
12. The train arrives in Ankara at 9 o'clock. planned)
_________________________
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini
koyunuz.
Örnek: (to try) He _________ to do the work. He tried to do the work.
Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (Past) (A) 1. (to stop) She _________ for a minute to look at the shop window.
Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına (ed), (d) 2. (to permit) They_________ us to go inside the factory.
veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) alır. 3. (to watch) We _________ television till late last night.
-ed address, answer, ask, belong, believe, dean, climb, comb, cook, 4. (to thank) He _________ me for my help.
deliver, dial, discuss, explain, faint, fill, finish, need 5. (to plan) They_________ a visit to Cyprus.
6. (to snow) It_________ very heavily last night.
-d arrive, cable, change, close, complete, dance, decide, divide, hope, 7. (to walk) I_________ to my office yesterday.
invite, like, live, move, owe 8. (to rain) It_________ the whole night.
9. (to want) I_________ to finish homework.
-ied carry, copy, hurry, reply, study, try 10. (to travel) We _________ across the country.
11. (to wait) Robert_________ for Mary in the school cafeteria.
Boş yerlere parantez içindeki fiilin geçmiş zaman şeklini koyunuz. 12. (to wash) John _________ his hands and his face before breakfast.
Örnek: (to carry) The porter_________ the box on his shoulder.
The porter carried the box on his shoulder.
1. (to invite) They_________ their friend to dinner.
2. (to explain)He _________ the traffic rules to us. Fiillerin Geçmiç Zaman Şekilleri (D)
3. (to answer) The teacher_________ my question. Kurallara uygun olmayan fiiller belirli gruplarda belirli ozellikler
4. (to ask) He _________ me my name. gösterir.
5. (to comb) I_________ my hair this morning.
6. (to deliver) The postman _________ the mail yesterday. Yalın hali ve geçmiş zaman şekilleri aynı olan fiiller.
7. (to finish) They_________ their homework last night. (cost - cost) (hurt - hurt) (put - put) (shut - shut)
8. (to arrive) The train _________ in Ankara at 9 o'clock. (cut - cut) (let - let) (set - set) (hit - hit)
9. (to decide) We _________ to go for a walk.
10. (to divide) He _________ 10 by 2. Son harf (d) yerine (t) alan fiiller.
11. (to try) She _________ to read a newspaper. (build - built) (lend -lent) (spend- spent)
12. (to reply) "No, thank you," she _________ (bend - bent) (send - sent)
13. (to close) She _________ all the windows.
Sonuna (t) veya (-ed) alan fiiller.
smell - smelt (smelled) learn – lernt (learned)
burn - burnt (burned) spell - spelt (spelled)
Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (B)
Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına (ed), (d) Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini
veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) alır. koyunuz.
i.e (walk-walked) (dance-danced) (reply-replied) Örnek: (to send) I_________ the letter by air mall.
I sent the letter by air mail.
-ed guess, happen, hang, help, intend, laugh, learn, look, listen, light, 1. (to learn) We _________ all the new words in the lesson.
mail, miss, open, paint, park, pass, play, prefer, pull, push, 2. (to spend) I_________ two hours on my homework last night.
remember, remind 3. (to cut) He _________ the bread with a pocket knife.
4. (to build) They_________ this bridge in 1973.
-d prepare, promise, raise, receive, shave, smoke, taste, telephone, 5. (to lend) I_________ him some money last week.
translate, use 6. (to put) She _________ the magazines on the table.
7. (to let) His mother_________ him go and play football.
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen flillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini 8. (to smell) We _________ something burning.
koyunuz. 9. (to spell) She _________ all the new words correctly.
Örnek: (to park) He _________ his car under a No Parking sign. 10. (to hurt) He_________ his leg in an accident yesterday.
He parked his car under a No Parking sign.
1. (to phone) John _________ his girl friend at noon.
2. (to happen) An accident_________ yesterday morning.
3. (to look) I_________ at the clock in the hall. Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman şekilleri (E)
4. (to serve) The mother _________ the soup. Kurala uygun olmayan fiiller belirli gruplarda belirli özellikler gösterir.
5. (to play) We _________ basketball yesterday afternoon.
6. (to shave) I_________ this morning. (sleep - slept) (hear - heard) (bring - brought)
7. (to help) Mary_________ her mother in the kitchen. (see - saw) (meet - met) (read - read)
8. (to promise) He _________ to be back by five o'clock. (buy - bought) (sit - sat) (keep - kept)
9. (to mail) I_________ the letter early this morning. (lead - led) (catch - caught) (give - gave)
10. (to listen) We _________ to the radio after dinner. (feed - fed) (leave - left) (fight - fought)
11. (to intend) I_________ to visit my friend at the hospital. (ring - rang) (feel - felt) (mean - meant)
12. (to receive) We _________ a letter from our son last Sunday. (find - found) (sing - sang) (sweep - swept)
(dream - dreamt) (think - thought) (swim - swam)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiilerin gegmiş zaman şekillerini
Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (C) koyunuz.
Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına (ed), (d) Örnek: (to sleep) I_________ very well last night.
veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) alır. I slept very well last night.
i.e (ask - asked) (shave - shaved) (try - tried) 1. (to meet) We _________ the Browns last summer.
31
2. (to feed) They_________ the lions in the zoo. 11. (to drive) Who _________ you to school this morning?
3. (to hear) I_________ a loud noise. 12. (to fly) He _________ to London yesterday morning.
4. (to read) She _________ the newspaper after breakfast. 13. (to steal) A thief_________ the little boy's bicycle.
5. (to leave) They_________ for Ankara on Sunday. 14. (to freeze) It_________ hard last night.
6. (to bring) He _________ Mary some flowers this morning. 15. (to go) They_________ to the country to spend their vacation.
7. (to buy) I _________ myself a new dress yesterday.
8. (to catch) The policeman _________ the thief.
9. (to find) She _________ her pencil in the bedroom.
10. (to see) I _________ my uncle this afternoon.
11. (to give) John_________ her some chocolates.
12. (to ring) The bell_________ loudly.
13. (to sing) She _________ a beautiful song last night.
14. (to swim) He _________ across the Boşphorus this morning.

Fiillerin Geçmiş Zamanları (F)

Kurala uygun olmayan fiillerin geçmiş zaman (Past) şekilleri ek bölümde
alfabetik sıra ile gösterilmiştir.
to do (B) Geçmiş Zaman
(light - lit) (lose - lost) (shoot - shot) Geçmiş zaman cümlelerini soru ve olumsuz yapmak için to do yardımcı
(think - thought) (dig - dug) (make - made) fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli did kullanılır.
(stand - stood) (win - won) (get - got) I did he did we did
(say - said) (strike - struck) (come - came) you did she did you did
(hang - hung) (sell - sold) (teach - taught) it did they did
(run - ran) (hold - held) (shine - shone)
(tell - told) (have - had) Geçmis zaman soru cümlelerinde did cümle başında bulunur, olumsuz
cümlelerde did sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilir: did not (didn't).
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman i.e He did not work yesterday. O dün çalışmadı.
şekillerini koyunuz. Did he work yesterday? O dün çalıştı mı?
Örnek: (to get) We _________ to the airport at seven o'clock.
We got to the airport at seven o'clock. Soru cümlelerine olumsuz cevap veriniz.
1. (to hang) He _________ his coat on the hanger in the wardrobe. Örnek: Did you come to school yesterday?
2. (to hold) They_________ a meeting at the club yesterday. No, I didn't come to school yesterday?
3. (to sell) He _________ his house the day before yesterday. 1. Did you play basketball yesterday afternoon?
4. (to tell) She _________ an interesting story to the boys. _____________________________________________
5. (to light) He struck a match and _________ a cigarette. 2. Did he stay in bed all day?
6. (to teach) My brother_________ me to ride a bicycle. _____________________________________________
7. (to say) "Please hurry," she _________ 3. Did he prepare his lessons?
8. (to stand) Everyone _________ up. _____________________________________________
9. (to make) She _________ a lot of mistakes in her letter. 4. Did you visit your friend yesterday?
10. (to lose) Mary_________ her pencil this morning. _____________________________________________
11. (to shoot) The hunter_________ a tiger last week. 5. Did they play football on Sunday?
12. (to come) My parents_________ to school to see me. _____________________________________________
13. (to win) Robert_________ the first prize for Arithmetic. 6. Did she go to school by bus?
14. (to dig) The men _________ a hole in the road yesterday. _____________________________________________
15. (to have) We _________ our breakfast at six o'clock this morning. 7. Did you do your homework before breakfast?
_____________________________________________
8. Did you know your lesson very well?
_____________________________________________
Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (G) 9. Did she play the piano yesterday evening?
Kurala uygun olmayan fiillerin geçmiş zaman (Past) şekilleri ek bölünde _____________________________________________
alfabetik sıra ile g6sterilmiştir. 10. Did you sleep well last night?
_____________________________________________
(draw - drew) (fly - flew) (break - broke) 11. Did you go to the cinema last week?
(sink - sank) (do - did) (go - went) _____________________________________________
(choose - chose) (drink - drank) (drive - drove) 12. Did we learn all the new words in this lesson?
(know - knew) (freeze - froze) (begin - began) _____________________________________________
(eat - ate) (take - took) (forget - forgot)
(wake - woke) (fall - fell) (write - wrote)
(speak - spoke) (steal - stole)
to have (H) Geçmiş Zaman (2) to do ile
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini To have fiilinin geçmiş zaman soru ve olumsuz şekilleri, to do yardımcı
koyunuz . fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli did ile de yapılabilir.
Örnek: (to begin) The class_________ at nine o'clock. i.e Had you a boat? = Did you have a boat?
The class began at nine o'clock. I had not a boat. = I did not have a boat.
1. (to write) I_________ a long letter to my sister this morning.
2. (to break) The boys _________ the window of the shop. Cümlelerde to do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli did sözcüğünü
3. (to do) They_________ their homework on Saturday. kullanınız.
4. (to fall) The leaves_________ from the trees. 1. John had not a sports car. _______________________________
5. (to eat) We _________ lunch in the school cafeteria. 2. Had your brother a black dog?
6. (to begin) I_________ to study English three months ago. _______________________________
7. (to drink) I_________ beer out of a big glass. 3. We hadn't a shop on that street.
8. (to forget) I_________ to bring my camera to school. _______________________________
9. (to make) We _________ a trip to Europe last summer. 4. Had his father a factory. _______________________________
10. (to choose) She _________ a white dress and bought it. 5. She hadn't two schoolbags. _______________________________
32
6. Had you model aeroplanes? _______________________________
7. Had he an office in Istanbul? _______________________________
8. Had they many friends? _______________________________
9. The farmer hadn't many horses.
_______________________________
10. We hadn't a telephone in the house.
___________________________
Geniş Zaman (C) Soru ve Olumsuz
Geniş zaman cümlelerini soru yapmak için do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş
şekli did ve fiillerin yalın hali kullanılır.
i.e The postman came here yesterday.
Did the postman come here yesterday?
Olumsuz yapmak için did not birleşiminden sonra fiillerin yalın hali
getirilir.
i.e The postman did not come here yesterday.
Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: They studied English last night.
Did they study English last night?
They didn't study English last night.
1. She wrote a composition this evening.
__________________________________________
2. We bought a newspaper this morning.
__________________________________________
3. He waited for us after the lesson.
__________________________________________
4. I got a letter this afternoon.
__________________________________________
5. They prepared their lessons last night.
__________________________________________
6. He mailed the letter in the mail box.
__________________________________________
7. She opened all the windows.
__________________________________________
8. Tom and Jim played tennis this afternoon.
__________________________________________
9. The train arrived in Ankara at 9 o'clock.
__________________________________________
10. I sent a letter to my parents this morning.
__________________________________________
11. I saw my friend on my way to school yesterday.
__________________________________________
12. I received a letter from my friend this morning.
__________________________________________
Geçmiş Zaman (D) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He worked yesterday, didn't he? Yes, he did.
O dün çalıştı, değil mi? Evet.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He didn't work yesterday, did he? No, he didn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.
Örnek: You came to school yesterday, didn't you? Yes, I did.
1. You played basketball yesterday, ________?Yes, ________
2. He stayed in bed all day, ________? Yes, ________
3. She prepared her lessons, ________? Yes, ________
4. You didn't visit your friend, ________? No, ________
5. They didn't play football, ________? No, ________
6. She went to school by bus, ________? Yes, ________
7. We didn't learn all the new words, ________? No, ________
8. You didn't know your lesson very well, ________? No, ________
9. She played the piano this morning, ________? Yes, ________
10. You didn't sleep well last night, ________? No, ________
11. You went to the cinema last week, ________? Yes, ________
12. You did your homework before breakfast, ________? Yes, ________
13. She wrote her composition last night, ________? Yes, ________
14. John waited for you after the lesson, ________? Yes, ________
Edatlar (Prepositions) (H)
across, through, along, inside, outside, up, down
Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler
arasında otan bağlantıyı gösterir.
i.e across the street caddenin karşı tarafına
through the gardenbahçenin içinden
along the river nehir boyunca
inside the house evin içine (içinde)
outside the school okul dışına (dışında)
up the hill tepeden yukarıya
down the valley vadiden aşağıya
Boş olan yerlere uygun olan edatları (prepositions) koyunuz.
Örnek: The soldiers marched __________ the forest.
The soldiers marched through the forest.
1. Do you sometimes walk __________ the river?
2. Please come __________. It is raining __________.
3. They walked __________ the bridge.
4. The hare ran__________ the valley.
5. He is standing__________ the door.
6. Draw a line __________ the page.
7. Don't run__________ the street
8. What is there __________ the box?
9. He climbed__________ me free.
10. Please come __________ with me.
11. Are you going__________ the street.
12. There is a bridge __________ the railway line.
Geçmiş Zaman (E) Soru sözcüklü sorular
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.
i.e What time did the postman come here?
Where did Mr. Brown buy his new car?
Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru
cümleleri kurunuz.
Örnek: I got up at seven o'clock this morning. (what time)
What time did you get up this morning?
1. The nurse took the children to the park. (where)
__________________________________________________
2. He paid two dollars for his English book. (how much)
__________________________________________________
3. He arrived at the airport at four o'clock. (when)
__________________________________________________
4. The class began at nine o'clock. (what time)
__________________________________________________
5. I saw John in the school cafeteria. (whom)
__________________________________________________
6. Mary put the books on the teacher's desk. (where)
__________________________________________________
7. The plane landed in Yesilkoy at two o'clock. (what time)
__________________________________________________
33
8. He bought a ticket at the airport. (what)
__________________________________________________
9. He went to London by plane. (how)
__________________________________________________
10. We visit our friend at the hospital. (where)
__________________________________________________
11. She drove him to the airport at one o'clock. (where)
__________________________________________________
12. The plane left for Ankara at eleven o'clock. (what time)
__________________________________________________
Geçmiş Zaman (F) Sorular
Soru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan
grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.
i.e Where did you buy your english book?
What time did you get home last night?
Did you see your uncle this morning?
Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara geçmiş
zaman cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.
Örnek: Who drove him to the airport? (Mr Nelson)
Mr Nelson drove him to the airport.
1. What time did your English class begin today? (at ten)
__________________________________________________
2. When did the plane take off? (at two o'clock)
__________________________________________________
3. What time did you have lunch yesterday? (at one o'clock)
__________________________________________________
4. Did they go to school by bus or by train? (by bus)
__________________________________________________
5. Why did they plan a visit to Europe? (to see their son)
__________________________________________________
6. What did they write in the afternoon? (a composition)
__________________________________________________
7. Did he take his sister or his brother with him? (his sister)
__________________________________________________
8. To whom did you give a present? (to my girl friend)
__________________________________________________
9. How did Mr Brown go to London? (by plane).
__________________________________________________
10. Where did she wait for her friend? (at the bus stop)
__________________________________________________
11. Did your father buy you a bicycle or a boat? (a bicycle)
__________________________________________________
12. Did John walk to school with Mary or with Helen? (with Mary)
__________________________________________________
13. Whom did they see in the school cafeteria? (John)
__________________________________________________
14. When did the plane land in Yesilkoy? (at tree o'clock)
__________________________________________________
15. Where did you have your breakfast today? (in the cafeteria)
__________________________________________________
Geçmiş Zaman (G) Olumsuz Soru
Gecmiş zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş
zaman olumsuz şekli didn't ile başlar.
i.e Didn't you go to school yesterday?
Didn't they come to class yesterday?
Cumleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.
Ömek: She didn't bring her camera with her.
Didn't she bring her camera with her?
1. The lesson didn't begin at nine o'clock this morning.
__________________________________________________
2. Mary didn’t come to class yesterday.
__________________________________________________
3. She didn't speak to the postman this morning.
__________________________________________________
4. They didn't study their lesson last night
__________________________________________________
5. We didn't have breakfast this morning.
__________________________________________________
6. I didn't go to work by train yesterday.
__________________________________________________
7. We didn't play tennis yesterday afternoon.
__________________________________________________
8. They didn't see many interesting things there.
__________________________________________________
9. I didn't understand the lesson very well.
__________________________________________________
10. They didn't sing very well.
__________________________________________________
11. She didn't give her friend a present.
__________________________________________________
12. It didn't rain very heavily last night.
__________________________________________________
13. He didn't study English this afternoon.
__________________________________________________
14. They didn't walk to school this morning.
__________________________________________________
15. Some students didn't prepare the exercises.
__________________________________________________
16. The nurse didn't take the children to the park.
__________________________________________________
17. The plane didn't arrive in Yesilkoy on time.
__________________________________________________
18. John didn't take his examination yesterday.
__________________________________________________
19. They didn't write the new words in their notebooks.
__________________________________________________
Geçmiş Zaman (H) Kısa Cevaplar
i.e Did you go there yesterday? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.
Did he speak to the postman? Yes, I did. No, he didn't.
Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevap veriniz.
Örnek: Did they study English last night?
Yes, they did. No, they didn't.
1. Did they write the new words in their notebooks?
__________________________________________________
2. Did Robert come to class yesterday?
__________________________________________________
3. Did the plane arrive in Yesilkoy on time?
__________________________________________________
4. Did they play tennis yesterday afternoon?
__________________________________________________
5. Did the class begin at nine o'clock?
__________________________________________________
6. Did thev prepare their exercises last night?
__________________________________________________
7. Did Mrs Brown speak to the postman this morning?
__________________________________________________
8. Did you understand the lesson very well?
__________________________________________________
9. Did they see many interesting things there?
__________________________________________________
10. Did she prepare the exercises last night?
__________________________________________________
11. Did it rain very heavily yesterday?
__________________________________________________
12. Did the nurse take the children to the park today?
__________________________________________________
Edatlar (Prepositions) (I)
Edatlar önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler
arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.
during the spring, summer, autumn, winter, day, morning,
afternoon,
esnasinda evening, night, last few years, years 1950-54, that time
until (till) tomorrow, next week, next Sunday, next month, eight
kadar o'clock, morning, dark, January
34
Boş olan yerlere.uygun olan edatları koyunuz.
Örnek: I am always at school_________ the day.
I am always at school during the day.
1. The boys played _________ the afternoon.
2. She did not leave _________ morning.
3. He was in the army_________ the war.
4. We didn't get home _________ 2. a.m.
5. _________ my stay in England.
6. _________ eight o'clock in the morning.
7. _________ the last few weeks.
8. _________ midnight.
9. _________ the years 1960-63.
10. _________ that time.
11. _________ next Saturday.
12. _________ my holidays.
13. I shall stay_________ tomorrow.
14. Did you have a good time _________ the summer?
15. It was cold from the New Year_________ April.
Geçmiş Devamlı Hal (Past Continuous) (A)
Geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) cümlelerinde to be yardımcı
fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekilleri (was, were) fiillerin -ing şekilleriyle
birlikte kullanılır.
i.e I was studying. Çalışıyordum.
We were resting. Dinleniyorduk.
Geçmiş zaman (simple past) olarak bildirilen bir hareketle aynı esnada
olan diğer bir hareketi anlatmak için geçmişte devamlı hal (past
continuous) kullanılır.
i.e I was studying when he came.
çalışıyordum o geldiği zaman.
Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını cümle başında (veya sonunda)
kullanarak şimdiki zaman cümlelerini geçmişte devamlı hal cümleleri
haline getiriniz.
Örnek: I am going to the station (when you saw me).
When you saw me, I was going to the station.
1. She is studying. (when you called her on the phone)
_____________________________________________
2. Mary is playing the piano. (when 1 arrived)
_____________________________________________
3. It is raining hard. (when I left home this morning)
_____________________________________________
4. He is reading the newspaper. (when she came in)
_____________________________________________
5. She is sleeping. (when the phone rang)
_____________________________________________
6. We are watching television. (when our guests arrived)
_____________________________________________
7. I am going to school. (when you meet me)
_____________________________________________
8. The wind is blowing hard. (when I came to the office)
_____________________________________________
9. The sun is shining brightly. (when I got up this morning)
_____________________________________________
Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (Past Continuous)
(B)
Geçmiş zaman (simple past) olarak bildirilen bir hareketle aynı esnada
olan diğer bir hareketi anlatmak için geçmişte devamlı hal (past
continuous) kullanılır.
i.e I was reading the newspaper when she came in.
While I was going home this morning, I saw an accident.
As I was walking home yesterday, I met a friend of mine.
Parantez içinde verilen fiilleri "geçmişte devamlı hal" (past continuous)
olarak boş olan yerlerde kullanınız.
Örnek: (to cross) I met him when he _______________ the street.
I met him when he was crossing the street.
1. (to sing) My friends _______________ when I came into the
room.
2. (to do) They_____________ their homeworks when she came
back.
3. (to rain) It_______________ hard when I left the school.
4. (to get) As Mary _______________ off the bus, she slipped.
5. (to work) I_______________ in the garden when you telephoned.
6. (to leave) Just as we_______________ for the cinema, the phone
rang.
7. (to play) While she _______________ the piano, I wrote a letter.
8. (to talk) He _______________ in the club when I last saw him.
9. (to listen) When I_______________ to the radio, I heard a loud
noise.
10. (to sleep) When we arrived at his house, he _______________
11. (to have) The light went out while we _______________ supper.
12. (to cook) She finished the housework while she _______________
13. (to cut) She cut her finger while she _______________ the
bread.
14. (to live) We _______________ in France when the war began.
15. (to shine) When I went out, the sun _______________
Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (C) Soru ve Olumsuz
Geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) cümlelerini soru yapmak için
cümlede kullanılan was veya were sözcüğü cümle başına alınır.
i.e He was studying when she came in.
Was he studying when she came in?
Olumsuz yapmak için cümlede kullanılan was veya were sözcüğünden
sonra not ilave edilir.
i.e I was sleeping when you came in.
I was not sleeping when you came in.
Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: They were singing when she came into the room.
Where they singing when she came into the room?
They were not singing when she came into the room.
1. We were watching television when our guests arrived.
_____________________________________________
2. It was raining when you left for the cinema.
_____________________________________________
3. He was working in the garden when you telephoned.
_____________________________________________
4. I was going to the post-office when you met me.
_____________________________________________
5. My father was reading the newspaper when you phoned.
_____________________________________________
6. The light went out while we were having dinner.
_____________________________________________
7. When he went out, the sun was shining brightly.
_____________________________________________
8. They were living in Germany when the war began.
_____________________________________________
9. She was studying when you called her on the phone.
_____________________________________________
10. He was driving fast when the accident happened.
_____________________________________________
11. It was snowing when I left the office at five o'clock.
_____________________________________________
Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (Past Continues)
(D)
Geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) kullanılış yerleri:
a) "Geçmişte devamlı hal + geçmiş zaman"
i.e I was studying when you came in.
b) Geçmişte tekrarlanan hareketlerde always ile birlikte
i.e She was always telling me to do a lot of things.
35
 c) "Gittikçe daha soguyordu, gittikçe daha kararıyordu" şeklinde artış
gösteren hareketlerde.
i.e It was getting colder.
It was getting darker.
Parantez içinde verilen fiilleri geçmiş devamlı hal (past continuous)
olarak boş olan yerlerde kullanınız.
Örnek: (to come) He _____ always_____________ to the meetings late.
He was always coming to the meetings late.
1. (to read) He _____________ the newspaper when we got there.
2. (to write) She _____________ on the blackboard when he came in.
3. (to do) He _____ always _____________ the same exercises.
4. (to work) She fell while she _____________ in the garden.
5. (to get) She _____________ thinner.
6. (to sew) Her mother_____________ when she read the stories.
7. (to cook) She _____________ lunch when I got home.
8. (to ask) He _____ always_____________ questions.
9. (to get) The water_____________ colder.
10. (to sit) We _____________ in the park when it began to rain.
11. (to make) She _____ always_____________ a lot of mistakes.
12. (to have) He _____________ a music lesson when we went there.
Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (E) Soru sözcüklü
sorular
Soru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fiil ile başlayan soru
cümleleri bulunur.
i.e What was she studying when I phoned her?
Whom were you waiting for when I saw you?
Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru
cümleleri kurunuz.
Örnek: I was talking with Mr Brown when you saw me there. (with
whom)
With whom were you talking when I saw you there?
1. Mr Brown was driving me home when the accident happened. (who)
____________________________________________________
2. I was talking to Mary when you were resting in the room. (to whom)
____________________________________________________
3. She was doing her homework when you left for the movies (what)
____________________________________________________
4. I was living in London when the war began. (where)
____________________________________________________
5. We were sitting in the park when it began to rain. (where)
____________________________________________________
6. I was waiting for John when you met this morning. (for whom)
____________________________________________________
7. She was studying history when the phone rang. (what subject)
____________________________________________________
8. They were playing in the garden when it began to rain. (what)
____________________________________________________
9. He was doing funny things when the teacher came in. (what)
____________________________________________________
10. Jim was always coming to the meetings late. (who)
____________________________________________________
Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (F) Sorular
Soru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük
grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.
i.e What were you doing when I came in?
To whom were you talking when I saw you in the club?
Was her mother sewing when she read the stories?
Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara geçmişte
devamlı hal (past continuous) cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.
Örnek: What was she doing when her mother came in? (she was doing
her homework)
She was doing her homework when her mother came in.
1. With whom were you talking when we saw you in the Club? (with a
friend of mine)
____________________________________________________
2. Was he driving fast when the accident happened? (Yes, he ....)
____________________________________________________
3. What was he reading when I phoned him this morning? (a story
book)
____________________________________________________
4. For whom were you waiting there when I saw you.? (for John and
Mary)
____________________________________________________
5. Why were you going to the station when I met you? (to see off my
father)
____________________________________________________
6. Where you watching television when I rang the bell? (Yes, I.....)
____________________________________________________
7. What language was she studying when I called her? (English)
____________________________________________________
Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (G) Kısa Cevaplar
i.e Were you studying when, I came? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.
Was he resting when I phoned? Yes, he was. No, he
wasn't.
Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevap veriniz.
Örnek: Where they singing when she entered the room?
Yes, they were. No they weren't.
1. Were you having dinner when the light went out?
____________________________________________________
2. Was it raining hard when you arrived at school ?
____________________________________________________
3. Was she always talking ?
____________________________________________________
4. Was she driving fast when the accident happened?
____________________________________________________
5. Was your mother cooking when you got home?
____________________________________________________
6. Was she studying when I called her on the phone?
____________________________________________________
7. Was he reading the newspaper when I rang the bell?
____________________________________________________
8. Were you going to the station when I met you?
____________________________________________________
9. Was she studying English when you left home?
____________________________________________________
10. Was he always telling you to do many things?
____________________________________________________
11. Were you waiting for Mary when I saw you there?
____________________________________________________
12. Was it snowing outside when you left the office?
____________________________________________________
Geçmişte Devamh Hal (H) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e It was raining when you were there, wasn't it? Yes, it was.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e He wasn't studying when I telephoned, was he? No, he wasn't.
Cümlelerin sonuha "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra kısa cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: They were sleeping when I got up, weren't they? Yes, they were.
1. You were driving home when you saw the accident, ________?
________
2. The sun was shining when you arrived at school, ________?
________
3. It was snowing when you left, ________? ________
4. She was having a lesson when we went there, ________? ________
5. He was playing in the park when Mary left, ________? ________
6. You were going to the movie when you met Tom, ________?
________
7. She wasn't studying when I telephoned, ________? ________
8. He was driving fast when the accident happened, ________?
________
9. They weren't having dinner when you got there, ________?
36
 ________
10. She wasn't doing her homework when you left, ________?
________
11. We weren't laughing when she came in, ________? ________
12. It wasn't raining when you played there, ________? ________
Bitmiş Zaman (Present Perfect) (A)
Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) cümlelerinde to have yardımcı fiilinin
şimdiki zaman şekilleri have, has ile fiillerin bitmiş zaman şekilleri
(past participle) kullanılır.
to have + past participle = bitmiş zaman
i.e I have worked. Çalıştım.
He has played. O oynadı.
Düzenli fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri (past) ile bitmiş zaman şekilleri
(past participle) aynıdır.
i.e work – worked - worked study – studied - studied
Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki düzenli fiillerin bitmiş zaman
şekillerini (past participle) koyunuz.
Örnek: (to live) I have ________ in Istanbul for five years.
I have lived Istanbul for five years.
1. (to study) We have ________English for two years.
2. (to finish) The boys have ________their homework.
3. (to visit) I have ________Paris many times.
4. (to decide) We have ________to wait a little longer.
5. (to cook) Lizzie has ________the dinner.
6. (to laugh) People have ________at his plays.
7. (to like) She has always ________studying English.
8. (to want) I have often ________to see that.
9. (to work) He has ________here since July.
10. (to learn) I have ________to drive.
11. (to use) I have ________it every day.
12. (to play) He has ________very well.
13. (to correct) The teacher has ________my homework.
Bitmiş Zaman (Present Prefect) (B)
Kural dışı fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri (past) ve bitmiş zaman
şekilleri (past participle) ek bölümünde alfabetik sıra ile gösterilmiştir.
to have + past participle = bitmiş zaman
i.e I have seen. Gördüm.
He has gone. O gitti.
Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki düzensiz fiillerin bitmiş zaman
şekillerini (past participle) koyunuz.
Örnek: (to see) I have ________that movie several times.
I have seen that movie several times.
1. (to speak) He has ________to me about it over and over.
2. (to fly) I have ________to Ankara many times.
3. (to read) I have often ________that book.
4. (to eat) We have ________in that restaurant many times.
5. (to be) I have ________in Londan for a few months.
6. (to go) They have ________to the zoo.
7. (to find) He has ________his fountain pen.
8. (to leave) The plane has just ________for Paris
9. (to leave) He has ________his book in the library.
10. (to take) She has often ________music lessons.
11. (to hurt) He has ________himself.
12. (to see) I have ________the President several times.
13. (to drive) I have ________to Ankara many times.
14. (to be) He has ________in the United States since 1960.
15. (to do) They have already ________their homework.
16. (to write) I have ________all the verbs in my notebook.
Bitmiş Zaman (C) Soru ve Olumsuz (1)
Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) cümlelerini soru yapmak için
cümlelerde kullanılan have veya has sözcüğü cümle başına alınır.
i.e We have studied English.
Have we studied English?
Olumsuz yapmak için have veya has sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilir.
i.e She has learned to drive.
She has not learned to drive.
Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: He has lived in Istanbul for five years.
Has he lived in Istanbul for five years?
He hasn't lived in Istanbul for five years.
1. The have studied English for two years.
________________________________________
2. The boys have finished their homeworks.
________________________________________
3. She has visited Paris many times.
________________________________________
4. They have decided to wait a little longer.
________________________________________
5. Lizzie has cooked the dinner for us.
________________________________________
6. She has always liked studying English.
________________________________________
7. He has played the piano very well.
________________________________________
8. The teacher has corrected my homework.
________________________________________
9. She has often explained it to us.
________________________________________
10. He has asked me about it over and over again.
________________________________________
11. They nave stayed in that hotel many times.
________________________________________
Bitmiş Zaman (D) Soru ve Olumsuz (2)
Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) cümlelerini soru yapmak için
cümlelerde kullanılan have veya has sözcüğü cümle başına alınır.
i.e Have you seen that? Onu gördünüz mü?
Olumsuz yapmak için have veya has sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilir.
i.e I have not been there. Orada bulunmadım.
Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.
Örnek: They have seen that film.
Have they seen that film?
They haven't seen that film.
1. He has written all the verbs in his notebook.
________________________________________
2. They have had lunch in the cafeteria.
________________________________________
3. She has spoken to me about it.
________________________________________
4. I have driven to Ankara many times.
________________________________________
5. The plane has left for Ankara.
________________________________________
6. She has taken music lessons.
________________________________________
7. She has left her books in the library.
________________________________________
8. I have seen the President several times.
________________________________________
9. He has found his fountain pen.
________________________________________
10. The boys have done their homeworks.
________________________________________
11. I have been in Istanbul for a long time.
________________________________________
12. He has gone to the zoo with his sister.
________________________________________
13. He has flown to Ankara many times.
________________________________________
14. They have eaten their lunch in that restaurant.
________________________________________
37
Bitmiş Zaman (Present Perfect) (E)
Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) kullanılış yerleri.
a) Zaman belirtilmeyen geçmişteki hareketlerde
i.e I have read that book.
b) Geçmişte birçok defa tekrarlanan hareketlerde
i.e I have stayed in that hotel many times.
c) Geçmişte başlayan ve şu ana kadar devam eden hareketlerde
i.e I have studied English for six months.
Boş yerlerde gerekiyorsa bitmiş zaman (present perfect) aksi halde
geçmiş zaman (simple past) kullanınız.
Örnek: (to see) I_____________ Mr Brown yesterday.
I saw Mr Brown yesterday.
1. (to travel) They_____________ all through Turkey last year.
2. (to live) They _____________ here for three years.
3. (to meet) I_____________ him last week.
4. (to see) I_____________ that film several times.
5. (to work) John_____________ there for about three weeks.
6. (to he) He _____________ in London many times.
7. (to try) We _____________ that restaurant yesterday.
8. (to visit) We _____________ them last Sunday.
9. (to walk) They_____________ through the park many times.
10. (to look) I_____________ everywhere for my book.
11. (to fly) He _____________ to Ankara yesterday.
12. (to take) She _____________ English lessons.
13. (to speak) He _____________ to me about it last Saturday.
Edatlar (Prepositions) (J)
Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler
arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.
i.e since the summer for a long time
yazdan beri uzun bir süre (için)
since the spring, the autumn, the winter, January, Monday, last year,
my last letter, one o'clock, the new year, Christmas
for a long time, a short time, three minutes, two hours, five days, six
weeks, four years, some time
Boş olan yerlere uygun olan edatları (Prepositions) koyunuz.
Örnek: He has been here______ six o'clock.
He has been here since six o'clock.
1. He has been here ______ three hours.
2. I haven't seen you______ New Year.
3. I haven't seen you______ three months.
4. We have been here ______ February.
5. We have been here ______ an hour and a half.
6. They have lived in this town______ 1970
7. They have lived in this town______ five years.
8. You haven't sent me any money______ last Saturday.
9. You haven't sent me any money______ a week.
10. It hasn't rained here ______ more than a month.
11. It hasn't rained here______ November.
12. We haven't heard from my brother______ Christmas.
Bitmiş Zaman (F) Kısa Cevaplar
i.e Have you seen that film? Yes, I have.No, I haven't.
O filmi gördünüz mü? Evet. Hayır.
Has she learned to drive? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't
Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: Have you had a holiday this year? Yes, I have. No, I haven't.
1. Have you been to the pictures this week?
________________________
2. Have they lived in this street for a long time?
_____________________
3. Has she bought any new clothes? ________________________
4. Has he gone to London? ________________________
5. Has he been to Londan? ________________________
6. Have you decided to go to the University?
______________________
7. Has she visited Paris many times? ________________________
8. Have they studied English for years? ________________________
9. Has he played the piano very well? ________________________
10. Have you already done your homework?
________________________
11. Have you seen the President many times?
________________________
12. Have they gone to the zoo? ________________________
13. Have you met him before? ________________________
14. Have you had a good time this weekend?
________________________
15. Have you flown to Ankara many times?
________________________
16. Have they lived here for the last two months?
_____________________
17. Have they waited here since eight o'clock?
_____________________
18. Has she seen her parents since Christmas?
________________________
19. Have you written down all these questions?
_____________________
20. Have you done any homework for me today?
_____________________
ever - never
Genellikle bitmiş zaman soru cümlelerinde ever bir zarf olarak özne ile
fiilin bitmiş zaman şekli (past participle) arasında kullanılır.
i.e Have you ever been here before?
Burada daha once hiç bulundunuz mu?
Bu çeşit sorulara olumsuz cevap verildiğinde never kullanılır.
i.e No, I have never been here before.
Hayır, daha once burada hi? bulunmadim.
Sorulara never zarfını kullanarak olumsuz cevap veriniz.
Örnek: Have you ever seen the President?
No, I have never seen the President.
1. have you ever travelled through the country?
________________________________________________
2. Have you ever visited London?
________________________________________________
3. Have you ever done such a thing?
________________________________________________
4. Have you ever played tennis?
________________________________________________
5. Has she ever tried to do this?
________________________________________________
6. Has he ever climbed the mountains?
________________________________________________
7. Has she ever been to New York?
________________________________________________
8. Has he ever studied a foreign language?
________________________________________________
9. Have they ever lived abroad?
________________________________________________
10. Have they ever gone fishing?
________________________________________________
11. Have you ever met them?
________________________________________________
38
12. Have you ever said such a thing?
________________________________________________
13. Have you ever been to the United States?
________________________________________________
Bitmiş Zaman (G) Değil mi?
"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e You have seen that film, haven't you ? Yes,I have.
"Olumsuz cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap
verilmesi beklenir.
i.e She hasn't been to London, has she? No, she hasn't.
Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave
ediniz. Sonra kısa cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: You haven't bought any new dressses,________? ________
You haven't bought any new dresses, have you? No, I haven't.
1. You have stayed in that hotel many times, ________? ________
2. You haven't studied Spanish, ________? ________
3. She hasn't been to Italy, ________? ________
4. You haven't lost your fountain pen, ________? ________
5. They have finished their homework, ________? ________
6. She has been in the United States, ________? ________
7. You have been to the mosques, ________? ________
8. He hasn't sold his car, ________? ________
9. You haven't flown to London many times, ________? ________
10. You haven't read that book, ________? ________
11. You have written all the verbs in it, ________? ________
Bitmiş Zaman (H) Olumsuz Soru
Bitmiş zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to have yardımcı fiilinin şimdiki
zaman olumsuz şekilleri haven't veya hasn't ile başlar.
i.e Haven't they finished their homework?
Hasn't she told stories to the girls?
Cümleleri olumsuz soru yapınız.
Örnek: He has been here several times.
Hasn't he been here several times?
1. You haven't sent him any money since New Year.
________________________________________________
2. They haven't been here since February.
________________________________________________
3. The boys have played in the garden.
________________________________________________
4. We haven't heard from my sister since last Sunday.
________________________________________________
5. Lizzie has cooked the dinner for us.
________________________________________________
6. They haven't done their homework.
________________________________________________
7. He has flown to Ankara many times.
________________________________________________
8. She has been to the museums several times.
________________________________________________
9. He has gone to the zoo with his sister.
________________________________________________
10. The plane has left for London.
________________________________________________
11. She has spoken to me about it.
________________________________________________
12. I have driven to Ankara many times.
________________________________________________
13. It hasn't rained here for months.
________________________________________________
14. We haven't stayed in that hotel.
________________________________________________
15. He hasn't sold his car.
________________________________________________
16. She hasn't been to the United States.
________________________________________________
17. I haven't seen that film before.
________________________________________________
18. They haven't lived here for the last two months.
________________________________________________
Bitmiş Zaman (I) Soru Sözcüğüyle sorular
Soru sözcüklerinden (veya içinde soru sözcüğü bulunan birleşimlerden)
sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.
i.e What have you done, Mary?
How long has she studied English?
Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru
cümleleri kurunuz.
Örnek: She has written her name on the board. (what)
What has she written on the board?
1. I have studied English for about two years. (how long)
________________________________________________
2. John has given his exercise book to Mary. (what)
________________________________________________
3. I haven't seen my brother since Christmas. (since when)
________________________________________________
4. I have put my books in my bag. (where)
________________________________________________
5. They have been to the zoo. (where)
________________________________________________
6. We have waited for John and Mary. (for whom)
________________________________________________
7. I have bought an exercise book. (what)
________________________________________________
8. We have learnt the tenses in this lesson (what)
________________________________________________
9. The plane has just left for England. (where)
________________________________________________
10. We have seen tigers and lions. (what animals)
________________________________________________
11. John has almost finished his homework. (who)
________________________________________________
12. I have left my books at home. (where)
________________________________________________
13. Mr Brown has invited us to dinner. (who)
________________________________________________
14. She has bought herself a new dress. (what)
________________________________________________
15. Tom and Jim have been to the pictures this week. (who)
________________________________________________
16. We have spent our holiday in Bodrum. (where)
________________________________________________
17. He has been in the Army for one year. (how long)
________________________________________________
Bitmiş Zaman (J) Sorular
Soru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük
grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başıda bulunur.
i.e What have you bought?
Whom have you waited for?
Has she been to the zoo?
Parantez içindeki sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara bitmiş zaman
(present perfect) cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.
Örnek: Who has just come into the room? (John)
John has just come into the room.
1. How long have you studied English? (for two years)
________________________________________________
2. Has she been ill for a long time? (Yes, ..... for months)
________________________________________________
3. How often has he written home since he left? (once)
________________________________________________
4. Whom have you waited for at the bus stop? (for John)
________________________________________________
5. Where have you spent your holiday this year? (in Bursa)
________________________________________________
6. Has she bought herself a new dress? (yes,.....)
________________________________________________
39
7. Who has invited us to dinner? (Mr and Mrs Brown)
________________________________________________
8. Have they invited us to dinner or to a party? (to dinner)
________________________________________________
9. Have long has he been in the Navy? (for about ten years)
________________________________________________
10. Have you waited long? (Yes,..... for hours)
________________________________________________
11. What animals have you seen in the zoo? (lions and tigers)
________________________________________________
12. Have you ever been to Paris? (Yes,..... several limes)
________________________________________________
13. Where have you left your umbrella? (at school)
________________________________________________
14. Why have you brought your camera? (to take photographes)
________________________________________________
15. Who have you spoken to about it? (to Jim and Tom)
________________________________________________
16. What has he give Mary as a present? (a bracelet)
________________________________________________
Sözcük Grupları (E)
Cümlelerde hareketin yapıldığı (veya yapılacağı) zamanı bildiren bazı
zarflar ve diğer sözcük grupları şunlardır.
i.e today, yesterday, tomorrow
yesterday morning, afternoon, evening, night
tomorrow morning, afternoon, evening, night
this morning, afternoon, evening, week, month, year
next week, month, year, time, summer, Monday
last week, month, year, time, winter, Sunday, time
on the first of January, second of February
(a long time ago) (three days ago) (half an hour ago)
(some time ago) (two weeks ago) (a few minutes ago)
(two years ago) (two months ago) (a moment ago)
Cümle sonlarında hareketin yapıldığı (veya yapılacağı) zamanı parantez
içindeki sözcük grupları ile bildiriniz.
Örnek: We saw John at the cinema - (dün gece)
We saw John at the cinema last night.
1. John and Mary began to study English - (bu yıl)
________________________________________________
2. I received a letter from my sister - (2 Şubatta)
________________________________________________
3. We shall have a meeting - (yarın öğleden sonra)
________________________________________________
4. Will you take a music lesson -? (gelecek hafta)
________________________________________________
5. Did you have time to eat breakfast -? (dün sabah)
________________________________________________
6. I met him on my way to school - (iki gün önce)
________________________________________________
7. She was studying when you phoned her - (dün gece)
________________________________________________
8. They went away on their vacation - (gecen hafta)
________________________________________________
9. How do you think you will spend - (yarın akşam)
________________________________________________
Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (A)
and I put on my hat and went out.
or Are you coming or going?
as This box is not so large as that one.
than That one is larger than this one.
(both ... and) It is both good and cheap.
(either... or) It must be either good or bad.
(neither... nor) It is neither wood nor stone.
(as... as) It is as high as a mountain.
I shall write a letter, when I come home.
Bir mektup yazacagim. eve geldigim zaman.
I was writing a letter, when you telephoned.
Bir mektup yazıyordum. telefon ettiçiniz zaman.
Boş olan yerlere uygun olan bağlaçları koyunuz.
Örnek: He is either in London _______ in Paris.
He is either in London or in Paris.
1. John was studying _______ I went to see him last night.
2. Both John _______ James were there.
3. This one is as long _______ the other one.
4. It is neither blue _______ green.
5. This book is not so interesting _______ that one.
6. _______ we got there, John was reading the newspaper.
7. We were driving to Ankara _______ the accident occurred.
8. They were sitting in the park _______ it began to rain.
9. This question is more difficult_______ the first one.
10. The sun was shining _______ we arrived at the airport.
Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (B)
Speak to him when he comes home.
Do this whenever you are free.
He will do it if he has time.
I will do it now before I forget it.
I shall stay here until (till) I see him.
While I was studyig, the telephone rang.
As I was walking home, I met him.
After he goes, we shall eat.
Unless it rains, I shall go there tomorrow.
Türkçe karşılıklan parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını yukarıdaki
cümlelerde bularak cümleleri tamamalayınız.
Örnek: Speak to him (eve geldigi zaman).
Speak to him when he comes home.
1. I shall stay here (onu görünceye kadar).
__________________________________________
2. (Eve yürürken) I met him.
__________________________________________
3. Unless it rains (yarın oraya gideceğim)
__________________________________________
4. (Ben çalışırken) the telephone rang.
__________________________________________
5. (o gittikten sonra) we Shall eat.
__________________________________________
6. Speak to him (o eve geldiği zaman).
__________________________________________
7. He will do it (vakit olursa).
__________________________________________
8. Do this (ne zaman serbest olursan).
__________________________________________
9. I will do it now (onu unutmadan önce)
__________________________________________
10. (Onunla konuş) when he comes home.
__________________________________________
11. (Yemek yiyeceğiz) after he goes.
__________________________________________
12. While I was studying (telefon çaldı).
__________________________________________
13. (Yağmur yağmazsa) I shall go there tomorrow.
__________________________________________
Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (C)
because I can't do it now because I'm too busy.
I'm sleepy because I went to bed late last night.
as As you are tired, you must go to bed early.
We could not buy any food as we had no money.
since Since we have no money, we cannot buy it.
I have been busy since I saw you last.
so It was late, so I went home.
There was no one at home and so I went to the park.
Türkçe karşılıklan parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını yukarıdaki
cümlelerde bularak cümleleri tamamlayınız.
40
Örnek: (yorgun olduğunuz için) you must go to bed early.
As you are tired, you must go to bed early.
1. I'm sleepy (dün akşam yatmaya geç gittiğim için).
__________________________________________
2. (Paramız olmadığı için) we cannot buy any food.
__________________________________________
3. I have been busy (sizi son gördüğümden beri).
__________________________________________
4. It was late (onun için eve gittim).
__________________________________________
5. I can't do it now (çok fazla meşgul olduğum için).
__________________________________________
6. We could not buy it (paramız olmadığı için).
__________________________________________
7. Since we have no money (hiç yiyecek satın alamayız).
__________________________________________
8. (Hiç yiyecek satın alamadık) as we had no money.
__________________________________________
9. (Uykum var) because I went to bed late last night.
__________________________________________
10. As you are tired (yatmağa erken gitmelisin).
__________________________________________
11. (Çok meşgul bulundum) since I saw you last.
__________________________________________
12. (Geç olmuştu) so I went home.
__________________________________________
13. (Onu şimdi yapamam) because I'm too busy.
__________________________________________
14. (Evde hiç kimse yoktu) and so I went to the park.
__________________________________________
15. There was no one at home and (onun için parka gittim).
__________________________________________
Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (D)
I know that it is true.
I think that she is right.
He hopes that he can do it.
I am sure that he can do it.
I feel certain that he will come.
I am so glad that it is going to rain.
I was sorry that the weather was so bad.
He said that it was impossible.
Bağlantı sözcüğü that cümleden çıkarılabilir.
i.e I know that it is true. (= I know it is true)
Yukanda verilen cümleler ile eş anlamdaki Türkçe cümleleri bulunuz.
(That bağlaçlarını cümlelerden cıkarınız.)
Örnek: Onun doğru olduğunu biliyorum.
I know it is true.
1. O, onun olanak dışı olduğunu söyledi.
__________________________________________
2. Havanın çok fena olduğuna üzüldüm.
__________________________________________
3. Onu beğendiğine çok memnun oldum.
__________________________________________
4. Korkanm ki yağmur yağacak.
__________________________________________
5. Onun geleceğinden eminim.
__________________________________________
6. Onun haklı olduğunu zannediyorum.
__________________________________________
7. Onun doğru olduğunu biliyorum.
__________________________________________
8. O gelebileceğini umuyor.
__________________________________________
9. Onu, onun yapabileceğinden eminim.
__________________________________________
how long
How long does it take you ...? Ne kadar zamanınızı alır?
How long did it take you...? Ne kadar zamanınızı aldı?
It takes me two hours... İki saatimi alır.
It took me two hours... İki saatimi aldı.
How long does it take you to walk to school?
It takes me fifteen minutes to walk to school.
How long did it take you to walk to school.
It took me fifteen minutes to walk to school.
Sorulara parantez içindeki sözcük gruplarını kullanarak cevaplar veriniz.
Örnek: How long did it take them to build the house? (two years)
It took them two years to build the house.
1. How long does it take you to drive to the station? (ten minutes)
__________________________________________
2. How long did it take you to do your homework? (to hours)
__________________________________________
3. How long does it take her to write her composition? (thirty minutes)
__________________________________________
4. How long did it take him to leam to speak English? (two years)
__________________________________________
5. How long did it take you to finish your exercise? • (one hour)
__________________________________________
6. How long does it take the cable to reach him? (a few hours)
__________________________________________
to be going to
Gelecek zaman (simple future) cümlelerinde (will + infinitive) veya
(shall + infinitive) yerine to be going to birleşimini kullanmak olanağı
vardır.
i.e He will build a garage.
He is going to build a garage.
We shall study tonight.
We are going to study tonight.
Yapılması düşünülen veya planlanan hareketler için to be going to
kullanılır.
Boş olan yerlere to be going kullanınız.
Örnek: Mary________to meet her friend at one o'clock.
Mary is going to meet her friend at one o'clock.
1. What foreign language ________you ________to study?
2. I________to get up early tomorrow morning.
3. What________you ________to do tomorrow afternoon?
4. ________we ________to meet him in front of Mary's house?
5. ________you ________to have lunch alone or with someone?
6. Where ________you________to meet Robert?
7. ________you ________to go to the cinema with us tonight?
8. What time ________you ________to have dinner tonight?
9. ________we ________to have dinner at that restaurant tonight?
10. How________she ________to go home, by bus or by train?
11. I________to visit my relatives on Sunday.
12. ________John ________to attend the meeting tomorrow?
Yardımcı Fiiller (B)
can (= to be able to), must (= have to)
Present He can do it. (He is able to do it.)
Past He could do it. (He was able to do it.)
Future - (He will be able to do it.)
Present He must go. He has to go.
41
Past - He had to go. Geçmişte Bitmiş Zaman (Past Perfect) (B)
Future - He will have to go.
Geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) genellikle geçmiş zaman (simple
Cümlelerde parantez içindeki yardımcı fiillerin belirtilen şekillerini past) halindeki bir hareketten daha önce yapılan bir hareketi bildirmek
kullanınız. için kullanılır.
Örnek: Our baby________to walk in a few weeks. (to be able to) Future. had + past participle = geçmişte bitmiş zaman
Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks. She had gone. O gitmişti.
1. On weekdays we ________get up early. (have to) Past.
2. On Sunday we ________stay in bed till nine. (can) Past. After she had gone, I sat down and rested.
3. When I was young I________climb any tree in the forest.
(to be able to) Past. Boş olan yerlerde geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) kullanınız.
4. He ________use this machine in a week. (to be able to) Future. Örnek: (to wash) They dressed after they________________
5. I________go to the hospital to see my friend. (have to) Present. They dressed after they had washed.
6. John ________leave the class early this afternoon. (have to) Future. 1. She told me her name after I________________her twice. (to ask)
7. She ________take some medicines.(must) Present. 2. He thanked me for what I________________ (to do)
3. When we arrived the meeting_____ already____________ (to begin)
4. As soon as you ________________I went to bed. (to leave)
5. She went out after she ________________her work. (to finish)
Yardımcı Fiiller(C) 6. He had done nothing before he ________________me. (to see)
Infinitive Present Past Past Participle 7. She told me his name after he ________________away. (to go)
to be is, am, are was, were been 8. It rained yesterday after it________________dry for months. (to be)
to have have, has had had 9. He told us he ____ not________________her before. (to meet)
to do do, does did done 10. The sun________________up before I was ready to go. (to set)
shall should 11. Why didn't you do that after I________________you to. (to tell)
will would 12. In England he soon remembered all he ________________ (to learn)
can could 13. By the time we arrived, they________________ (to leave)
may might 14. When we got there, the movie ______ already_____________ (to
must - start)
ought -
need -

Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki yardımcı fiillerin geçmiş zaman (past)
şekillerini koyunuz.
Örnek: (can) I________read when I was five.
I could read when I was five.
1. (may) He said that he ________be late that night.
2. (will) If you studied hard, you ________learn English.
3. (can) ________he get another job?
4. (shall) I hoped that I________succeed.
5. (to do) ________you wake up early this morning? Geçmişte Bitmiş Zaman (Past Prefect) (C)
6. (to be) She ________resting when you called her.
7. (to do) He ________not come to class yesterday. Geçmişte bitmiş zaman cümlelerinde kullanlan had sözcüğü cümle
8. (can) You ________do it if you tried. başına alınarak soru cümlesi, had sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilerek
9. (can) As a boy, I________climb any tree in the forest. olumsuz cümle yapılır.
10. (to have) He went out after he ________finished his work. i.e They had worked. Had they worked? They hadn't worked.

Olumsuz soru hadn't ile başlar.

Geçmişte Bitmiş Zaman (Past Perfect) (A)
Geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) cümlelerinde to have yardımcı
fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli had ile fiillerin bitmiş zaman şekilleri (past
participle) kullanılır.
had + past participle = geçmişte bitmiş zaman
I had worked. Çalışmıştım.
He had gone. O gitmişti.
Geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) genellikle geçmiş zaman (simple
past) halindeki bir hareketten daha önce yapılan bir hareketi bildirmek
için kullanılır.
i.e When I arrived at the station the train had left.
İstasyona vardığım zaman tren gitmişti.
(Simple past) + (Past Perfect)
Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin bitmiş zaman şekillerini
(past participle) koyunuz.
Örnek: After they had ________I sat down and rested. (to go)
After they had gone, I sat down and rested.
1. I posted the letter after I had ________it. (to write).
2. I read the book after I had ________my work. (to finish).
3. After you had ________, I went to sleep. (to go).
4. She told me his name after he had ________. (to leave).
5. He had ________nothing before he saw me. (to do).
6. After I had ________the news, I hurried to see him. (to read)
7. When we arrived, the dinner had already________. (to begin)
i.e Hadn't they worked?
Geçmişte bitmiş zaman cümleleri genellikle geçmiş zaman (simple past)
halindeki bir hareketten daha önce yapilan bir hareketi bildirmek için
kullanılır.
i.e She went out after she had finished her work.
Boş olan yerlere gerekiyorsa geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect), aksi
halde geçmiş zaman (simple past) kullanınız.
Örnek: _______the movie already_______when you got there? (to start)
Had the movie already started when you got. there?
1. _________they_________by the time you arrived? (to leave)
2. She told me she _________not_________him before. (to see)
3. _________he _________there many years when you met him? (to
live)
4. Had they left when you_________? (to arrive)
5. He told us he _________not_________French. (to study)
6. _______the teacher________the lesson when you arrived? (to begin)
7. Had the meeting finished when you _________there? (to get)

42