Module 4 Philippine Paintings (Spanish Period to Present) Overview ‘The Filipinos are known to express their feelings through ‘visual arts when they commemorate events and celebrate rituals and religious rites. They use things from the environment to make tools and objects for their day to day activities, which they decorate and embellish. They also use their Au‘ob and pakiramdam to interpret ordinary and phenomenal events in nature and create ‘images’ to represent them. These are what you have observed in your first three modules in Art where you have discussed Philippine folk arts from the northernmost to the southernmost part of our archipelago. Module 4 is about the evolution of arts in the Philippines during the Spanish period and aftes, as seen through paintings. You will meet the first Filipino masters in paintings and sce how they depicted the world around them during their times. You veill thinks, speak, work, and even walk with them through their legacies on canvas where they visualized our country’s rich heritage. You will feel the atrocities of the Spanish oppressors in Juan Luna’s European-inspired Spolariuns the serenity of our countrymen in Damian Domingo’s tipos al pais. the serene and relaxing countryside life with Fernando Amorsolo’s realistic portrayal of country lasses and landscapes, as well as Botong, Francisco's rural celebrations and historical subjects. ‘These masters captured the colors of the life of Filipinos, their minds and souls, through their paintings. Our exposure to painting activities span a period of more than a thousand years from the crude stone carvings found in a cave in Angono, Rizal Province, to the introduction and “widespread use of ancient scripts, the ceremonial and decorative body paintings of the northern tibes and in the Visayas, the intricate weaving patterns and designs from Luzon to Harecing Re ty F Amero Trig ty F Amos © Lata ae Lean by A Luna ‘Set ta af Masso sien Corng2 Ware Paring ah Fie Fk by Fbin dl aMODULE + GRADET ART LEARNING GUIDE Module 4 Philippine Paintings (Spanish Period to Present) All chese visual expressions indicate that the Filipinos had theie own rich collection, of unique artistic painting skills and practices even before the Spaniards came, In the 16th century. The Filipinos were exposed to the European style of drawing and painting when the Spaniards introduced Christianity to the Filipinos through drawings, paintings, and engravings of saints and other religious figures ‘The early successful attempts of the Filipinos to showcase their skills in painting were during the time of Damian Domingo, Justiniano Asuncion, and avn of Spanish colonization in the Philippines up to the eve of Philippine revolution with the works of reformists painters, like Juan N. Luna and Felix R. Hidalgo. The Filipino artists continued heir efforts to paint their strong reaction to foreign rule, even afier the short-lived independence from Spain, during the period of American imperialism, and after the havoc of World War Il jon Flores at the Our country has produced numerous artists that serve as sources of inspiration to the young and would-be artists like you. Would you like to follow their footsteps? This module is your guide in your journey. Enjoy learning!Qhiectives «the end af this module, you oe expec to 1 andevtad that plains played truce ale in the hie and history tthe Filipinos cities EES THEDY Set ing in Philippine paling Aigierinbesicar fuk th tat) Pilipioos wed es SSN poonir alba © chow nd, SiR lars (0 yeh eee on of ie ody + mals 9 Seni aso sory fom Philip myc and Toa eens « maibfelad sieeca ahead ros of chosen National Acie fo Visual Ars (Paling) In this module, you understand how lines, color, shapes, forms, balance, rhythm, and repetition sive more meaning and significance (o an arcwork This will also belp you uadee- stand the processes in art and it impact to ‘your work as an artist. ‘colors in thei Symbolion refers to images with hidden meaning that ‘an only be deciphered By those who lived ducing. that time or those whe are keen observers and with knowledge 4 istory and syinbology- This is «fed dha dels with the sysamatic sudy of symbol, heir meanings and uses through dhe agen Several ofthe paintings of our arses arerich in symbols, The Philippines i ale ich ih mythology Tse are some ‘of the mythological cearures ofthe Philippines: Sipay is eid wo bo a man curing 4 sake where he pat children and being them to faraway places a sctifice to the aps epecally when building a bridge. Puget ie s headles rua walling it the daslnees of the righ wally in dhe prints gab, Tei ano depicted a « rathles ceatire searing rarelere Tigbalang (or dlebalang ie my heal creature, hal at half hore with a golden beard tat when owned by a per ‘icon alison sic Sighin i a nythial cate fom dhe Vinny sometimes depicted n+ eas with horse eys and claws You nay lio of other mytbological creatures from yor svandpavense 0” from your province. Shave them with ‘jour clarunates and dseribe thom, You wil acd the following nteil to complete this ese 1 Plan jus om Hower, bere an leas) + Canvas, lusration beard, coupon bond o slo paper bark ofa te, the bade of 4 bale or ay sure You Abook oa Plilippine ths and legends Arefizene marl Fr the org oflocl placenames List ef Philippine National Arti or Vial Art Prats of a cheven sewer of Papin mater Stapler and staple wire Compute (optional)MODULE + [ART LEARNING GUIDE Lesson 1-Palutings Fentngs baring te Spans Conan | ‘This module is good for two sessions or 120 minutes Wee the pictures below to check what you bave Learned foom the previous years ‘Who painted this at work? A. Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo B. Juan Luna .Femando Amorsolo the pride of their mace” according to De. Joe Protac Rizal in one of bis speeches forthe wo compatriots Painting by completing the following preeeee after the ewo artists won both the gold and silver ines in dhe 1884 Exposicion Ganera de Belay Artes In the painting, [see in Madeid, Spain. Lana won firs peize for his entry pee eA his entry entided Las Vignes Expueeas al Papalache, 2 work about the ‘Christan viegine ‘This artwork is important for the exposed to the populace. Theit paintings were Filipinos because... allegorical as dhey were allusions © the sisaton of the Philippines undee foreign rulers.oRane? ART LEARNING GUDE ‘One of the early form of printings in the Philippines is portmit painting. Maestro Damian Domingo, a selfmade arist and teacher from Tondo, Manila founded the fist are school in the Philippines, the Escuela del Dibujo y Pincura ix 1821 with the belp of Sociedad Economica de Amigos del Pais, cdvicconscious organization, He became famous for hie ipor af pis. These ae sketches ‘of the natives, Chinese traders, foreigners, and Spaniards in their day to day activities. Damian Domingo was bor 10 a Spanish father and a Filipina mother. He is among the first Filipinas to advocate equality and abolition of racial discrimination through the arts. In his schools, natives, mestizos, and Spaniards were taught how to paint sil life and human forms and his canvas glorifies peopl from all walks of life regardless of their place of origin, color, and race. He also Painted biblical themes for the Catholic Church and portesits of well-to-do families However, he did not live long enough 10 re his countrymen enjoy the benefits of equality forry. Portraiture Look around you and describe people in your community and describe them: what they do, what they wean, how they work « ‘ell exactly what you see. Now, take photos that will describe them. You will need these photos to make ‘portraits of people around you. Compose the ‘pictures on a hoard and describe the persons. because he died before he reached the age of This 1s believed to be the self portrait of Maestro Damian Domingo, the Father of Philippine Arts and founder of the first arts school in the Philippines Activity i Materials and Resources Check You will need the following: + Acamens ara cell phone with camera + Any device chat can be used to take photos + Illustration board + Coloring materialsoRane? Kodakan Tayo! Picture Speaks a Thousand Words ‘The Filipinos are fond of taking plcwres - anywhere and anytime. Every tip, ‘accasion or significint event needs t0 be captared through the lenses. These pictures ate often displayed in the walls of the house for in the receiving areas, in offices, ot kept inside the wallets and even inside the bag. Photos replaced the popularity of poctritare of the bygone days. Buc why do Filipinos love photos? Ask your clasimates and fiiends and you will be surpeised by theie answers. ‘Then, using the available photos you hhave at home, make a picture essay answering the following questions: A.Why do you take and keep photographs of your family or your friends? B.Do you think these photos will help you keep the memoties? How? Do you think that taking and keeping photos will help you be- comes better person? Why? D.What pe of phovos do you keep athome or whac memories do they keep for you? Why? E.Do you think that photos ceally speaks a thousand words? How? ‘Share your answets to these questions to your clasemates. Don’e forget to note the similarities and differences of theie views with your own. [twill help you understand why Filipinos would always prefer 10 keep pho- tos with them, ‘You will need the followings Photos ofyour family Coupon bond, manila paper or illustra: ioe bose Photos like this may tel @ thousand stories from those foanured here up to those who ‘will look tt later.MODULE 4 GRADE7 ART LEARNING GUIDE Direction: Below is a "Reflection Weight that aims to determine what have you realized (the attitudes toward leaming) the things that you have discovered (skills that you will cherish fo life), and the things you have leamed (the knowledge that serves as your foundation to stand and keep you going). Fill in each part of the weight and share itto your classmates, Things thave realized ——_ [eatsLets Talk About It “The art school that Maestro Damian Domingo founded was forced to close afte his death due to fund shortage and for many years the country had no formal texting center for the arts nnd 1849 when the Spaniards opened the Academy for Dexwing, and Painting which is similar to the art schools in Madeid. Spanish pincers such as Cortina and Niew stayed here unl 1860 when they ‘were succeeded by another Spanish painter, Agustin Saez. The art school taught new methods, theoretical, and practical subjects, From this academy emerged important Flpino artis. Bar the finest examples of Philippine paintings daring she Spanish colonial rule were made by Filipino mancers i Spain. La 1884 Madeid Exposition, Juan Novicio Luna and Felc Rennrec Hidalgo joined the competion and received owe of the highest dindinesions - gold for Juan Lana's Spolariom ad silver Toe Hidalgo’ Las Vingewes Chrsianas Expuetas al Popalache, Out tational hero ae joined the ssid contest but in sculpmre category. ‘This proved thatthe Filipinos are not an inferior ace jus lke what the Enropeats think of our people bmed ob the dexxiptions of dhe Spaniards wo lived in dhe Philippines. Aside feom the said works, Luna and Hidalgo became famous lu Spain for dheir paintings. For example, Luna's other paintings such as the Hatalla de Lepant in Spanish Cont and La Muerte de (Chepatra bangs in Peado Museum, Lana's other important work is the cottrovetsial seo impeesionis painting, The Parixan Lif she only painting where Dr. Jose Riza, Luna himelf and other compatriot were depicted. ‘This significan are pice ie considered «national tresuure and worth «at fundred milion dollars today.MopuLe 4 ‘oRADE? ‘ART LEARNING GUDE, The Parisian Life By Juan. Luna General Intructinue Ezainive’ che printing ahovel Te is mid chat! chin paindag’ i historically tignificane o the Filipino people. Determine the reasons why itis important e» our nation. Look at the symbolism and theis hidden meanings. Use your knowledge in history to inwepeet the painting Witt a bricfmtainary of oor iatetpetstions below: Remember Juan Luna is one of the great masters of Philippine canvas and hie paintings ‘Mlnstrated the condition of the county during his time using weiter symbology. In the ‘Parisian Life’ is Lima abandoned the classical genre in favor of the impressionist movement. Luma con bbe best remembered for his compositional device, a long diagonal line slashing across a caneasGRADE ART LEARNING GUIDE Direction: Below is a “Reflection Weight” that aims to determine what have you realized (the aitudes foward feaming), the things that you have discovered (stils that you will cherish fo fife), andthe things you have leamed (the knowiedge that serves es your foundation fo stand and keep you going). Fil in teach part of the weight and share ito your classmates, Things Ihave realized —— _[eattaciosyMODULES GRADE? ART LEARNING GUIDE Painting Feelings and Emotions Many people believed that something to do with the behavior of a person and 's choice of calor describes his or her feelings, ‘emotions, or even characters. People who use or who like warm colors are said to be active, happy, and most of the time positive. However, those who choose or who prefer gloomy color are often melancholic, sad, loners, and passive. colors have In this activity, you are given the chance to cexprest your deep feelings and emotions theough the use and combination of colors. You can porteay your character also by combining colors. In an cexpressionistic portrait, your colors and even shapes are not realistic. Rather, they are selected for their expressiveness. See and discover your “tue or hidden” person in this activity. Tattle, lorpaperty on S sirens ‘You will need the following: + Paper or board + Oil pastel, water color oF acrylic paint ‘+ Linseed oil (optional) ‘+ Paintbrush (fingers and improvised brush can be used) + Squeegee © Cotton or cloth, ‘Suse of en pape ty Jantar Sener 2072‘This lesson is good for four meetings or 240 minutes The painting is | 00 in the painting For me, the painting means This artwork is important forthe Filipinos because Who painted this art work? A. Femando Amorsolo B. Juan Luna C. Carlos 'Botong’ Francisco ©[ART LEARNING GUDE ‘The occupation of Amesica in the late 19% centary of the Philippines paved the way for farther developments in Philippine ars along with che democratization of the government, abolition of the Roman Catholic church as a state religion, mass education and other reforms. Ax a tervitory under the rule of the Ameticens, the Philippines participated in the St. Louis Exposition ia 1904 thar showcased best products, talents, skills, esources, and arts of American colonies abroad. Juan N. Luna's The Parisian Li among the important art pleces sent to America for ex- hhibic along with other artworks brought by the Philip- pine delegation. Filipino arists were encouraged to study abroad. When they returned home, they brought wich them the new ideat and techniques that they have leamed. Among the artist who flourished and made ‘names in visual atts during the Americin period were Femando Amorsolo, Vicente Manansala, Fabian dela Rosa, Carlos ‘Botong’ Francisco, and many more. ‘One of the celebrated names in. Philippine art is Femando Amomsolo. He raised genre ait to new heights because he was able wo develop his own way of expressing it by the use of incandescent lighting in his ideal landscapes and ports. His ingenuity influenced other atists during his time and even after his death. His golden age is from 1920 t0 1945 where fhe projected interesting scenes of the eice felde bathed in suolighe. Some of his works include Rice Plancing (1922), Afternoon Meal of che Rice Workers (1939 entry to New Yook World Fait), HI Ciego (Blind Mind), Woman wich a Gold Pendant, Ansipolo, andi Women Washing Clothes. Vicente Manansala's works ace charsctetized by simplicity of subject mater but at the same cime it showed the intellectual compositions in his art and his abilicy co analyze forms, He combined cealism wich ‘overlapping and intedlacking shapes that was his own style that he was considered one of the — most progressive Filipino artist, One of his celebrated arrworls is Gire Us This Day, was painted few months before his death. letog Rice by Fan aoe RoseMopuLe + ‘RADE? Carlos Francisco's canvas celebrated the lives of people in the barrios while working in the fields, eating, enjoying, relaxing, and attending flesta celebrations His concem is the spit of the community which ix evident in his portsayal of connteyside scenes and events in Philippine history chat he avidly researched. His murals are representation of the country’s political, social and cultural history and are found inszalled in several public buildings like the University of Seo, Tomat and the Philippine General Hospital. He refined the post- impressionist style of art in Philippine are. His works consist of highly atractive seenes where lines flow in long, sweeping gestures and ehythins pncrasted by — graceful arcs and curves. In the 1950s, anisis like Mauro “Malang” Santos and Jose Joya made names. Santor is an illustrator and cartoonist for Manila Chronicle and creator of two comic strip chuarueters Kosme the Cop and Chain Gang, He twunsitioned from illasteational art to a lightneight genre of paindings pormaying the urban folks like the flower vendors, mack sellers and street chatactess On the other hand, Joys was an able exponent of abstract expressionism on Philippine are. He painted using generous and vigorous dabs of colors and lines chat look freewheeling and improvisational. One of his important works is the Cadonium Red Saks ae ke GOTH) le AR shift fiom abstract expressionism Catch ofthe Day by Ang Kukok Ang Kindo paintings ate characterized by song tension and ange, Hie paintings are exper sions of dismay from the prevailing condition of Life and dhe changing society. Figures in hs works feanure ditordons of every day scenes of life like the “Catch ofthe Day” Other pointers that made names in the national and intemational scenes are Manel Baldemor, Onib Olmedo, Romeo Tabuena, Anita Magsaysay-Ho, and many others. One of the ‘contemporary painters that trade nn international Dame is Oscar D. Zalameda who was awarded the Presidential Medal of Mere for Viewal Arte ancl a National Act Award bestowed by Pret Gloria MacipagaActroyo for his ouesanding contribu. tions t Philippine arc. Many artist today expetiments new ways and techniques using diferent media such as clay, Soil, leaves and other materials wo expres thee ‘creativity. You too can expeciment your own way. Bhat Bi ‘Aa KikoGRADE? ART LEARNING GUIDE ecules . Activity Landscape Painting Landscape painting is a sewarding endeavor for a stent like you. Mouncans, rivers, les, sunsets, land seascapes ate good to soe and brings a apitit of serenity and tranquility. However, your own landscape may be entirely different - ie may inchade buildings, sar-sri sores, different kinds of houses and fother suucnres. In this activity, answer the following questions: What is important is your leet ‘observations what kinds of lines and shapes do you see? What is the dominant color of your fandscape? Sketch the landscape around you and. Later, add pains, choosing the colors that are dominant in that landscape lor cityscape. atrial and Resources Check You will nced the following: + Paper or board + Oil pastel, water color, or aceylic + Linseed oil (optional) + Paintbrush (Ringers and improvised brush canbe used) © Squeegee + Cotton or cloth Sree Bay of Biscay by Juan Luna You can use photographs of landscapes as your source of inspiration. for your painting.GRADE? ART LEARNING GUIDE My Storyboard of Philippine Legends and Mythological Creatures Philippine legends are a good source of inspira tion for your artworks. There are several charac ters in our mythology that could interest the punso, sighin, pugot, tignamanukin, Bachata, tianaly mambabarang, sipay and many others. Your childhood stories, if you happened to be fiving in the rural areas, are fall of mythical crea tures while if you are living in the city, your childhood memories are full of fairytales from forcign lands retold in the manner of Filipino storytelling. Make your own storyboard of Philippine legends and provide an illustration for it. Use colors to make your storyboard more enticing and appealing to the readers. Activity .e) Materials and Resources Check readers like the righalang (rikbalang), nuno sa You will need the following: + Cartolina (cut into hatves and folded) cor manila paper (ent into quarter and folded) + Coloring maretiale (oil pastel, warer- color, acrylic, eta) © Paintbrush + Squeegee # A book or compilation of Philippine fegends and myths (optional) + Wrising materiale (fountain per, markers, peu ete.) Use the boxes below to make a story board on your favorite legend.My Favorite National Artist Femando Amomolo was the frst visual amist to receive a National Artist Award after his death. Using the lise provided by the Na- tional Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA), make a presentation celebrats ‘works of your favorite National Artists for Vis- nal Ars. Do not forget to share your stories why he or she is your favocice, What inepies- tion ca you find in his or hee arrwarla? How docs his or her art represen the Filipino spice? And many more reasons why you have chosen, thae particular arte. the Follow this linke www-ncca.gov.ph- Materials and Resources Check You will need a computer in this actiy- ity pine knowledge in the nse of Microsofe PowerPoint. You may ask the assistance of you computer teacher ar someone who knows how to make a slide presentation. Yous teachee cam also help you make your slides. ART LEARNING GUIDE. Illustrating Local History (Placenames) The study of local history can be an interesting subject for an artist like you because you can make your own rendering of what happened in the past for present use. Like Botong Francisco, one of ‘our National Artists for Visual Arts, you can use local history to paint the events of the past. Try this activity and enjoy. Materials and Resources Check You will need the following: + Cartolina (cut into halves and folded) or manila paper (cut into quarter and folded) + Coloring materials (oil pastel, watercolor, acrylic, et.) + Paintbrush + Squeegee + A reference about the origin of your town or province (optional) + Writing materials (fountain. pen, markers, pen, ete.)MODULE 4 GRADE? [ART LEARNING GUIDE, Final Glance PresSpanish Time Manunggul buts jar, Tabon Cave ©MODULE 4 GRADE? ART LEARNING GUIDE Evaluation A PAINTING ASSEMBLAGE Participate in an exhibit to be organized by your teacher to showcase the works of the class. Display your most beautiful work. Don’t forget to tell the stories behind your artworks. During the exhibit, your teacher will provide you a criteria for judging the works of your classmates. Be a keen observant and sensitive in giving comments or feedbacks to other's works. Remember that what is beautiful to you may not be beautiful to others. In the science of judging beauty, we use the term AESTHETICS. Also, think of ways on. how you can recreate painting like the works below that uses leaves and flowers instead of paints. This is called paincing assemblage.MODULE 4 GRADET ART LEARNING GUIDE References/Websites E77 a BOOKS: Estolas Josefina Javier, Clarita G. and Pada-Payno, Nieves. (1995). Iutroduction to humanities (Arts for fore living). National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. Van de Bogart, Doris. (1970). hutroduction 10 buonanities (Painting, seulpruve, architecture, music and Fterature). Bares and Noble Everyday Handbooks reprinted with permission by National Book- store. Mandaluyong City. Zuluers, Francisco M. (2003). The humanities revised edition, National Book Store. Mandaluyong City. WEBLIOGRAPHY (Photos and Articles): 1. htps//wonyfilipinopaintings.com/ personalities. php2q-mastersScbio-57 2. hupd/wonw.col otn/ philippines-mainstream-arehunl 3. heepdl/de364.4shared.com/ doc AcGh]7XV/peeview hem! 5. hup://volcanism.wordpress.com/2009/05/09/fernando-amorsolo-planting-rice-with-mayon-volcano- Photo Credits: Front Page (Cloclovise) Mother Spain Leading Daughter Philippines, Laguna Esigia both by Juan N. Luna, Princess Urduja by Botong Francisco, Catch of the Day by Ang Kiukoly and a Manuel Baldemor painting. Jonathan S. Jimenez Files Yasmin P, Santianguel