Step 2 the coeflicients in the chemical (stoichiometric) equation tell us that l mol 02 reacts with 4mol

-
sodium.Therefore 0.100mol 02 reacts with 4 x 0.100mol sodium, i.e. 0.400mo1 sodium.

Step 3 - convert the number of moles to the required quantiry mass in this case:

mass of sodium=0.400 x22.99=9.209

Note: the mass of sodium is worked out by multiplying the mass of one mole by the number of moles
- the number of moles is nol multiplied by the mass of four sodium atoms - the four was already
taken into account when 0.100mo1 was multiplied by 4 to give the number of moles of sodium.

b From the coeflicientsin the equation we know that l mol 02

reacts with 4mol sodium to produce 2mol Na2O.Therefore
Exarn tip
Masses may also be given in kilograms
0.100mol02 reacts with 0.400molsodium to give
or tonnes.
2 x 0.100mol Na2O, i.e.0.200mol Na2O.
1 kg: 1000 g
The molar mass of Na2O=61.98gmol-1
ltonne:1x106g
So mass of Na2O:0.200x61.98:12.49
Before working out the number of
Alternatively, the mass of NazO can be worked out using the moles, you must convert the mass to
idea of conservation of mass, i.e.: grams.To convert kilograms to grams,
mass of NazO=mass of 02*mass of Na. multiply by 1000; to convert tonnes to
grams, multiply the mass by 1x 106.

1.17 ConSidcr thCや 10Wing Cquation:

2NH3+3CuO― → N2+3H20+3Cu

lf2156g ofalnmonia(NH3)iS reaCted with excess CuQ calCulate the llrlass ofcopper ppduced:

The CuO isin exccss so there is morc than cnough to react with allthe NH3・ ThiS meansthat we do not nced to
worry aboutthe numbcr ofrnoles of Cu(>

Stcp l― the nun■ ber ofrnoles ofNH3 Can be calculated:

2.56=0.150mol NH3

Step 2-い vo moles of NH3 pЮ duCe three moles ofcoppet so O.150 mol NH3 prOduces O.150× 3mol cOppeち
i.e.0.225rnol copper.

The number ofrnoles of copper is therefore l.5 times the number ofrnoles ofNH3・

Step 3-the lnass of l rnol copper=63.55g,so the rnass of copper produced==0.225× 63.55=14.3g.