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EU OSHA Guia Atmosferas Explosivas
EU OSHA Guia Atmosferas Explosivas
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2. Avaliação dos riscos de explosão
• Modo de manipulação das substâncias: em condições de estanquidade aos gases, líquidos ou poeiras ou em
instalações abertas, p. ex. no carregamento e esvaziamento.
• Possibilidade de derrame de substâncias através de válvulas, conexões de tubagens, etc.
• Condições de ventilação e outras condições do espaço circundante.
•"" Ghyh"frqwdu0vh"frp"d"suhvhqfid"gh"vxevw qfldv"rx"plvwxudv"lqÜdp yhlv"vreuhwxgr"hp"orfdlv"q‹r"deudqjlgrv"
pela ventilação como, por exemplo, zonas não ventiladas situadas abaixo do nível do solo (fossas, esgotos e
poços).
Se em determinadas áreas for possível a formação de uma atmosfera explosiva em quantidades tais que exijam a
dgrsfi‹r"gh"phglgdv"gh"suhyhqfi‹r"hvshfldlv"d"Ûp"gh"jdudqwlu"d"surwhffi‹r"gd"vhjxudqfid"h"gd"vd́gh"grv"wudedokd-
gruhv"dihfwdgrv/"hvvd"dwprvihud"h{sorvlyd"ghyh"vhu"frqvlghudgd"shuljrvd"h"dv" uhdv"ghyhp"vhu"fodvvlÛfdgdv"frpr"
áreas perigosas.
Fig. 2.4: A vaporização de pequenas quantidades de líquidos inflamáveis (como o propano liquefeito)
pode dar origem a grandes quantidades de vapores inflamáveis.
20
Nota: 1 litro de propano líquido ao passar ao estado gasoso e diluído no ar no limite de explosão inferior
produziria uma atmosfera explosiva com 13 000 litros de volume.7
Uma vez constatada a possibilidade de ocorrência de uma atmosfera explosiva, essa atmosfera será considera atmos-
fera explosiva perigosa em função do seu volume, bem como dos danos que poderá causar em caso de ignição. No
entanto, em regra geral pode partir-se do princípio de que uma explosão provoca sempre danos importantes e que
está presente uma atmosfera explosiva perigosa.
São possíveis excepções a esta regra no caso de manipulação de quantidades muito pequenas, por exemplo em
laboratórios. Neste contexto, importa avaliar, em função das condições locais e operacionais, se as quantidades
previsíveis de atmosferas explosivas são perigosas.
7
Irqwh="eurfkxud"gd"DLVV"ÎGas Explosions”, International Section for the Prevention of Occupational Risks in the Chemical Industry,
International Social Security Association (ISSA)/"Khlghoehuj/"Dohpdqkd1
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efaeYk hj]naklYk fg Yf]pg AA$ hYjl] 9$ k]ehj] im] fÂg k]bY
Çj]Yk gf\] hg\]e ^gjeYj%k] Ylegk^]jYk ]phdgkanYk Yhda[n]d$ gm g k]bY Yh]fYk hYj[aYde]fl]$ imYdim]j gmljY \aj][%
lanY [gemfaljaY&
)& 9 ]fla\Y\] hYljgfYd \]n]j hjg[]\]j Y meY [dYkka^a[YÂg
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*& Gk ]imahYe]flgk \] ljYZYd`g \]klafY\gk Y k]j]e mlada% Fg {eZalg \Y Yhda[YÂg \Y hj]k]fl] \aj][lanY$ gk =klY\gk%
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[gdg[Y\gk h]dY hjae]ajY n]r } \akhgkaÂg fY ]ehj]kY ]'gm fg ]dYZgjYÂg \Yk j]kh][lanYk hgdla[Yk fY[agfYak \] hjgl][Âg \Y
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hj]k[jaÃ]k efaeYk hj]naklYk fg Yf]pg AA$ hYjl]k 9 ] :&
+& Gk dg[Yak \] ljYZYd`g im] afl]_j]e j]Yk gf\] hg\]e 9jla_g )*&g
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Yhk +( \] Bmf`g \] *((+$ \]n]e kYlak^Yr]j Yk hj]k[jaÃ]k
efaeYk hj]naklYk fY hj]k]fl] \aj][lanY& Gk =klY\gk%E]eZjgk ]k^gjYj%k]%Âg hgj [gdg[Yj Yk af^gjeYÃ]k
h]jlaf]fl]k } \akhgkaÂg \Yk ]fla\Y\]k hYljgfYak im] g
,& Gk dg[Yak \] ljYZYd`g im] afl]_j]e j]Yk gf\] hg\]e j]im]ajYe fgk l]jegk \g Yjla_g ))&g$ ]kh][aYde]fl] fg im] k]
^gjeYj%k] Ylegk^]jYk ]phdgkanYk ] im] b kÂg mladarY\gk Yfl]k \] j]^]j] Yg _maY \] ZgY hjla[Y&
+( \] Bmf`g \] *((+ \]n]e kYlak^Yr]j$ fg hjYrg epaeg \]
ljk Yfgk Yhk Yim]dY \YlY$ Yk hj]k[jaÃ]k efaeYk hj]naklYk fY 9jla_g )+&g
hj]k]fl] \aj][lanY&
<akhgkaÃ]k ^afYak
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j]YdarY\Yk gZjYk \] eg\a^a[YÂg$ YehdaYÂg ]'gm ljYfk^gjeYÂg )& Gk =klY\gk%E]eZjgk hgjÂg ]e na_gj Yk \akhgkaÃ]k d]_ak%
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YehdaYÃ]k ]'gm ljYfk^gjeYÃ]k k]bYe [gf^gje]k }k [gjj]k%
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K=;xÅG AAA g^a[aYd& 9k eg\Yda\Y\]k \]kkY j]^]jf[aY k]jÂg Y\ghlY\Yk h]dgk
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9jla_g ))&g 9jla_g )-&g
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9 ;geakkÂg ]dYZgjYj \aj][ljar]k hjla[Yk \] [Yj[l]j fÂg gZja%
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9F=PG A
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j]kh][lanY af[gjhgjYÂg fmeY afklYdYÂg hm\]j$ hgj ka k$ gja_afYj me jak[g \] ]phdgkÂg& <]n]jÂg k]j lgeY\Yk Yk
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