SLEVIN AAO TCM The Practical Guide to Contemporary (gan SEM PEMIR Ce cee Me oesscston in Today's ChinaNee UP Gea D4 From the side of the Si to the edge, the Chinese language as Tienemuete en acu cuukeaus alleys of China. With the help of Streetwi the frequently used idioms, colloquialisms, and slang currently used by Chinese speakers from all walks of life. The accompanying audio recordings include thirty dialogues performed by native speakers that bring the language of the streets alive Pe eR es an Ram Cee ST ERC A ese eM eee Me MEPeaee ata aces SRR UCR Ur RT uci un Ta) Pee cd See UEC east Ce eu Rar en eC Sener Une Cmte ne amen eT SC eC CR aac aire Mamita old Milne mart Ce (a eT DoE shud da hua DeToBV-10) bragging, boasting Tiere dsr-lailx-( See oie DO este sha ji géi hour kan Cr RUE Kene Ocal Coot or mM ea ol Rede Sog ones elite ysl valcOn a) someone (literally, to kill the Roel aoe chicken to frighten the monkey) Cone ae fee ena meme ect RA OnE CT reece Ee CU eee aac Serer MOPS Wes) Ce aC eee A Leo Ce een ea arene 51895 $18.95 USA ag £11.99 UK ee Do enero ra folate 1 etololSTREET CHINESE Speak and Understand Everyday Mandarin RONGRONG LIAO, PH.D. DAVID Y. Dal JACK PRANKE, PH.D. a New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San juan Seoul Singapore Sydney TorontoCopyright © 2009 by Rongrong Liao, David Y. Dai, and Jack Franke. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 123456789 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 DOC/DOC 098 ISBN 978-0-07-147489-4 (book and CD set) MHID — 0-07-147489-7 (book and CD set) ISBN. 978-0-07-147490-0 (book atone) MHID 0:07-147490-0 (book alone) Library of Congress Control Number: 2005937445 McGraw-Hill books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us pages at www.mhprofessional.com. MP3 Disk The accompanying disk contains MP3 recordings of all 30 Conversations in Streetwise Mandarin Chinese, as well as the vocabulary lists in each chapter. These files can be played on all MP3 players. For optimum use on the iPod: 1, Open iTunes on your computer. 2. Insert disk into computer and open via My Computer. 3. Drag folder "Copy to iTunes Music Library” into Music in the iTunes menu. 4, Sync your iPod with iTunes and eject iPod. 5. Locate recordings on your iPod by following this path: Main menu: Music Music menu: Artists Artist menu: Streetwise Chinese: By Chapter (for conversations and vocabulary items) Streetwise Chinese: Vocab A-Z (for alphabetical ordering by pinyin of all vocabulary items) Note: Conversation scripts (Simplified, Traditional, English) can be located on the Lyric screen, if your iPod model has this feature. This book is printed on acid-free paper.Contents IMtrOdUctiOn .......essssccsscesssesssceseeesecessecssesseeeseeneessseesusseessenssnsnes vii BLADE IL, BR RRAE F/B BE EPR 28 WK BIS J LOR Greeting people * Asking how they are ¢ Saying how you feel « Addressing each other RE Qo ceceeeseesseee eee 22 HRI AAR, WOE) LIAS ) La Be aS / Complaining * Envy, Admiration 2 42 Grumbling ¢ Teasing FRE A ee ceceseeseseeseeeeseeneanene +60 ARAREAS AAEM EY ID Gossiping * Disbelief * Opinions on character BRE .S. +15 86 ne A LEBEL LS / wae LE Tr Making friends with a girl « Flattering a girl « Self-introduction * Expressing love and affection -. BRE .6. Xft 2 SF Acclaiming; praising; commending « Being proud of something * Showing affection BOE MB .7 MET ADL, MLB AE PAE AB Tw 36 LAD ANE CR Asking and giving directions ¢ Saving from getting lost * Asking for a person * Expressing gratitude * Making modest remarks * Making a friendvi CONTENTS BRIAR, We IG fe P/HA ZEA, Issuing orders * Making a request BIUBE 9 cece SRT! (OMAR PUT Bargaining ® Complacency TF MERRIE ATT ANE BRIT Betting * Arguing * Boasting * Bragging SRE LTD cesssssssscccesssunsnneccccnssnsnssssssseeenssusssssssseeees 226 BEAU SABE LL LEE A, ZRH Taking a trip * Throwing a party BoM 12. .. 250 xD BERRA T O/C AT LETT AT AER Worry * Persuading, advising * Encouraging * Convincing, reasoning BSH .13 USAMA IR 1 2/ AES AAT AE fs BI Blaming * Criticizing * Explaining We .14.. seseeeeeeee 300 jie RIGA IB LTE) RA — KIERO Getting angry * Advising * Comforting BtHE 15.. AIR? [KEE BET Quarrelling 5A tH RME AP AR - 186 + 206, Index 1 ... Index 2 .. Index 3 .. Index 4 ..Introduction This book is for students who have completed one to two years’ Chinese learning. The explanatory notes and vocabulary lists in the book also help students with relatively limited Chinese background to read the book and enjoy colloquial expressions and deeper culture that are not displayed in basic Chinese textbooks. Immediately after students start to talk with native Chinese people, they will hear informal colloquial expressions. Although each word is familiar, they don’t understand the whole meaning of the expression and don’t know how to use it. These colloquial expressions are slang; they are familiar to their Chinese users and are used by them to replace well-known conventional synonyms. Just as English, where we encounter many expressions in popular culture, there are many manifestations of slang in Chinese. These can include sayings from folklore of China’s rich historical and cultural background, local dialects, jargon, argot, and obsecenity. Once a student has mastered the basics, she can add slang to sound more native-like. Fortunately, Chinese is vast in the amount of slang, and many expressions can be used at the right time and place. It is important to note that register plays an important role in the Chinese language. Once you go beyond expressions, such as ILZE or Fi Bil (“at the present”), a student might learn terms such as 2 F or IX4ESK JL (“at the present”). It is paramount that you understand the underlying meaning, and whether the slang term is informal, neutral, or vulgar, Were you to use these terms in the wrong context, this could result in a misunderstanding, at the best, and socio-cultural breakdown, at the worst. It is always better to err on the side of caution. Most expressions that are explained in this book are used with high frequency by speakers of all subcultures, such as 2....jHt... (“Do viiviii INTRODUCTION whatever you like.”) and ...4 J (‘Just ....”). The authors have chosen to include few taboo expressions; however, we have provided some cultural notes on obscenities. In addition, you can find additional documents on the CD to further enhance your knowledge. All of the dialogues, as well as the vocabulary, can also be found in CD-format and mp3 formats on the CD. One feature of the book is that we have explained and used in exercises more than 80% of level 3 and level 4 colloquial items listed in the Outline of Chinese Proficiency Level and Grammar Level (SQW 7K FE Beet 5 EAEAEBAK YD), which was drawn up by the office of China's central government that is in charge of teaching Chinese as a foreign language (IAL ID). The layout of the book is as follows: Chapter and conversations. There are fifteen chapters, each of which contains two conversations and focuses on certain functions in language. Slang entries are highlighted in the conversations. Simplified and traditional characters. All conversations are printed first in simplified characters and then in traditional char acters. English translation. English translation of each conversation is provided. Explanatory note (ia]i#/E#£). After the English translation of each conversation, slang entries are briefly explained, and example sentences are provided with English translation. Vocabulary list (iJ). 2). In each chapter, a vocabulary list for the two conversations is provided after the explanatory notes of the second conversation. Exercises (4f>J) and Answer keys (#38). In each chapter, ex- ercises and answer keys are provided after the vocabulary list. Culture notes. One culture note is provided at the end of each chapter. Slang Indexes. Two slang indexes are provided at the end of the book. Each index contains 570 slang entries that are sorted byINTRODUCTION ix pronunciation and by the corresponding chapter. There are two other indexes that contain the 48 slang entries that occur in the book Outline of Chinese Proficiency Level and Grammar Level (WX BAC SBOE 5 REGARD. We hope that Streetwise Mandarin Chinese will help students better understand Chinese people's daily spoken language and be able to express themselves in more natural Chinese. eee PU RBA AAA RNA We would like to thank Frank T. Dai who translated all conversations in the book from Chinese to English and edited explanatory notes in 12 chapters. ‘We would also like to thank the assistance of the following individuals from the Monterey Institute of International Studies for their support in voicing the CD: Dean Chuanyun Bao, Xiaoyan Shen, Ziyun Xu, and Yunhua Zhang.CHINESESH 1. BLADE) L, ELF WB Be FE PRS HK BIS) LIK ae GREETING PEOPLE . ASKING HOW THEY ARE . SAYING HOW YOU FEEL . ADDRESSING EACH OTHER [CONVERSATION A: Simplified ESE HS iE LB) T EEA EEA ESC. BAL — SLT T LOK. Zw: BAPE, LE BEWAS? ESCH: WO, SAF! BG, ABBA SR. Ei: EARS T, epee me? ESC: HEE, HEME. OH, KATIE RAKR w! ES: RLY, RAK ZA AK RY! 21: GREETING PEOPLE 3 RPE FE PRS BIS J LSE MB? ci: what wind blew you here?") Welcome! (to a friend or familiar person.) (See page 8) At the mall, Li runs into Wang, who is working there. The two start chatting right away. Li: Wang: Li: Wang: Ma’am, are you working? Hey, it’s Lin! Look at me, I didn’t even recognize you. It’s been forever since I’ve seen you. Are you doing well? Good, good. My, you’ve grown up; you're so pretty now! ‘What are you talking about, I’m nowhere near as pretty as your daughter Yun.4 RH EXCH: IE, PRUE IE? 75: BUIBPEJL, BOR RBI. He J LR PE HWE IRCA, EBB. ESSE: PRL ALERT REAR, MIR, SEE AR FANE — Pe) LIRR, Bat %. ZH: FT, BDRM, Ub whee 47 Traditional ZEKE TA 4 UE LB T TEE SS LEE SCRE. PLAN ~ LAI T AR. AEM: Balwe, LSE? EXCH: WAFER ABBR IR. ZH: REALL T ERE A? EN: HOU, HEMT. WL TOE KAT NS KE tT! AE: WAR FMB {82K Se Sh 7K SE | EXC: WL AEE IB? ZESk: -BUAR BRL DORR. Hf 5c ha PE be RR EBA. ESCH: Meh F EPR ARIE I, AR, BSR DEN — SR FRR, Bais 2: FT, Bet allt ave As HT Ha.1: GREETING PEOPLE 5. Wang: Well, how’s your mother? Li: Same old, same old, busy everyday doing god knows what. She mentioned you yesterday, said she’s going to come shopping here and drop by to see you. Wang: You tell her to come over sometime next week. You come too — we can get together after shopping, my treat. Li: Okay, I'll pass it on to her, and tell her to call you. — ++ WER WB), FESS WH (18) [you] Hey!) This is an interjection that expresses surprise. IMC] and ILI have a similar function. For example, 1, “| tH Ram! BLUE DAW th ABKWE. “Hey, Xiaoming is here too. | thought he wouldn’t come, and I was wrong,” BK, PRU. ABW... “I couldn’t even ....” This is a pattern for emphasizing something in a negative form. For example, thiiGAtR, Bes YEVTTE AE. “She speaks so fast, I couldn't even hear clearly. ” BABI T , CHEM Ee BEA BI Use either HF AYLI or HAAS WL, which means: “J haven't seen you for a long time.” The expression is used in greeting people and is usually followed by questions asking how they are. For example, 1 AVS, BARE PE? EAB ALG? “Long time no see. How have you been recently? Are you still as busy as before?”BH WEA TELNET , Cea I? BELEN “How is... 2” This expression is often used with a greeting and shows consideration for the listener or other people. For example, (6-324 3 HOEY 1 IL BI PEG AAT TM? ft A] AGHEAE HIME? “Did you see your sister and her family when you were visiting Beijing? How are they?” HAKAN, KAKRT! EKA “A girl's appearance changes fast” This is a fixed ex- pression, often used with a positive comment on a girl’s appearance as she changes from childhood to adulthood. The number 1 /\ literally “eighteen,” refers to the pace or degree of the change. For example, ERR, BEKGMRABET , EKA) AB! “T haven't seen Yunyun for two years, and she has become such a beauty! No wonder people say that a gir’s appearance changes fast.” HECK) KAKRT! IKR (RK [ling] clever; sharp) This word is used for describing girls and is a colloquial form of “bright and beautiful.” For example, IB) KEK ILR AES AK Fil! “That little girl is so pretty!” PIL, BAABAAAK RYE! RK JLIBT Here it conveys a modest expression: “No” or “I am not as pretty as you said.” In general, !f ) LMS] is often used as a re- sponse to others that shows disagreement, meaning “No” or “It’s not like what you said.” For example, 1545 fi): «fx WL the” AIL ib: OB) LB, BRB LMI Ath, Bea WL Ab AR. “The mother asks: “You met him before?” The daughter says: “No, I never met him. I have only seen his picture?”1: GREETING PEOPLE 7 RAPIL, MAME. PRABEEIL “1c’s just like that,’ “so-so,” or “nothing special.” It is often followed by further explanation. For example, {HWF, BRIBEE Jb, ER ALT LAGE LYFERK. “He is just like that; what he is interested in is playing games online.” BARREL, ARB. BBMECSF (HF [xia] blind) This is a colloquial form of “bustle with- out plan or purpose.” For example, (FIX 44 +A FMF? {this FEXKEIL AE. “What's the use for him to do that? He just likes to be busy for no good reason.” WHE) Lt 8 eS HS Rt 38... RF This is a colloquial pattern meaning that something has happened relatively recently. For example, 722 HIE AB 47 HLTH RAG. “He only called me last week.” BEER ILRLA -E....3R A colloquial form for “come to ....” The similar pattern, £...H&, means:*go to ....” For example, {th EMA MARR? “Has he ever come to our home?” #6 Eth ANY? “Have you ever been to her house?” Pm Lea BAL FEBR SR R BRASAYAR A colloquial form for “to find the time.” For example, HEAT BS ERS SAR SHS PE? “How about we find a time to visit her next month?” KFC PHAR) LR FRR CB [ja] get together) A colloquial way to say “to get together.” For example, HA {/]Mi% TE RIL. “We should get together more often.”8 HE + FT, VR $F “All right.” or “it’s OK” For example, 22 #47 VF AMA TEER ABA, (LUE{T. “I told him that we might ask him for help, and he said that it’s OK” [CONVERSATION B: Simplified KARA UES. X-AKAWRA SALE PME, MBIT eu. FyAz IL: FEAL, PERUSE ARS PR BIIR JLIRMB? SAT EK TAL. IAI: OY, EAE! REE! IRIAN, te NET! ThAP iL: CESK LIE IL T U6 ANY GK? FRAT: FSERE)LEABAKJLA. 1A RMT) LPR HERE, 36 NEMA? ARATE ERS, FRB BE SASAKI LY Os HA # JL! FRAT: ABH BN? Sil: BSAA. NYSE, BIH NYT (6, HAGE. ZEBRA kB. BA:1: GREETING PEOPLE 9 TAHA: FB, CER ILENE BRAY FTA BATE AE MY UAB JL, KEN “AEF” , Me SAL: ARVN, RM! Zhang and Ma are from the same village and are both working in Beijing. They haven't seen each other for a long time. Today, Zhang runs into Ma at Ma’s workplace. Ma: Manager Zhang, what wind blew you here? You sure are a busy man. Zhang: Little Quang, it’s you! I was wondering who it was! ‘What is this “Manager Zhang,” stop kidding around! Ma: These days who wouldn’t call you Manager Zhang when they see you? Zhang: Those are the folks at work. We're old buddies. Why do we have to call each other those things? Ma: After all, you are a manager, I can’t call you by your nickname in front of everyone! Zhang: What's there to be afraid of? Ma: No matter what, we have to call you something. “Mister” sounds awkward; “Master” doesn’t fit. The only thing left is Manager Zhang. Zhang: Fine, over here you can call me whatever you want! But I’m still going to call you by your nickname, still “Little Quang,” OK? Ma: Of course, go ahead!10 383 Traditional BAERS A SE TIMB. Se GReA A = L E HERE MBI T BS AGEL: FRM, BIEURLIE Pree Biel FER? AT TAT: aH te TATA: : FAA ei. OEE, | AYE KGL KEK. AF, EVE! RARE! EGRABTRASHN, REET ! + TEARRR SRE DL TURAN GRAS? 2 ASSES LABIA. UA EH Sea RENT, 1 SLY ies 2 » WAKE EM, ROE SAB FAN Os HYD 5b! ABI TT RERS ? 4a, AS ra. ERR AR is ate 8. GRAS: FB, Cede en BOY FP PREY FE! TIE MY Px % Fe, HEM ee” M2 Spaz PBBRN, AEM | [Late / Notes + FEAL, SE RIE PRK BYIX J LOR UA? ..-44 (EX [z5ng] general manager; chief) This is an abbreviated form of the title “Chief ....” For example, 5{.§4, “Chief Zhang,”1: GREETING PEOPLE 11 could be the abbreviated form of the title 3K. 24! “General Manager Zhang,” or 3K deh _TFEJifi “Chief Engineer Zhang” TK AS, BRE FE SS BIR J LIMA? TAB EE SES RS We BIR J LIOR Literally, “What wind blew you over here?” This is a fixed expression that means: “How come I meet you here?” with the connotation: “I did not expect to meet you here: This expression is used between acquaintances, showing a little feeling of surprise. For example, 3 4H, BE RE KZA WK BI IL ii? USANA A AST 4? “Hey, Zhang Ming, what wind blew you over here? I heard that you went to Japan. Is it true?” UAT EAR AL ‘FY... “Very ... "In this pattern, HJ conveys the emphasis on the following words. For example, JS JLA TT RS. “There are so many people.” BF, EMF! REM! B4FLHEWE (24 [dang] thought) Literally,“I was wondering who this is.” This is a fixed expression often used after the speaker realizes who the person in question is. For example, £4 "4 HEWE! ROR AMMA! “Oh, it’s him! I was wondering who this is.” RAKE, RT! 3B... ...B9 (IE [hai] even) “Even say ...” One of the usages of is to express feeling. In this pattern, “...” refers to other person’s words, and the reduplicated form of “...” works together with & to show feeling. In the expression B9K AA 9K AS HY, the feeling is “unexpected,” and the connotation is:“You shouldn’t be so polite. 1 am flattered.” In the following example, the pattern is used to ex- press the feeling of inpatience. BHAT HWA, PRR LAT AS 4. “You are even saying don’t hurry. Why don’t you hurry up?”12. ie + BIKER, PRET! HILT GE [dou] tease) “Don’t tease me.” For example, IBA WI FGE EIA? FEZ T . “You want to swim in such cold weather? Come on, don’t tease me.” + RRS LIE T RAY TK A? FX4ESL ESA [nidntdul days, times) IRAE SK or ALE “These days” or “those days.” The expression usually contains a negative connotation. For example, XE ABA Bt, HK BE SHAT UL! “These days gas is so expensive, why don’t you cancel the trip?” + ABRETEILEABHILA FBUKJLA. (4K [hud] group, crowd, band) Also IXtKA. This is a colloquial form for “the group of people.” Sometimes 1k JL contains negative connotation. For example, BAKA GE MBL 2 “Where does this band of guys come from?” + HEE) LER ET YEBRYEVF Literally, “We, the buddies, who is talking to whom?” HEBREW or HEER HENS is usually put after HET “we.” HE “the two of us,” or HA AEA] JL “the buddies,” and this expression means:“Look how close we are, we don’t need this!” “With the close relationship we have, there is no need to do this.” For example HELPER, RAS FH (TER MBL! “We are such good friends; you don’t need to pay for this!” + ERMA XM In context, % stands for “become popular” or“encourage.” KX NY3X74* means: “How could we go in for this sort of address?” With1: GREETING PEOPLE 13 this meaning, % could be used with either positive or negative con- notation and in rhetorical questions. For example, SWLZE IESMIX4. “That all the vogue now.” 3% J LAN 1K 4#f! “People don't wear long skirts here.” WAKE ETE KY “At the very least.” For example, AHA tHE MEK. “His status is at least that of class leader.” IX K)\FE—4 “In any event, this is a deal.” SQUIB BE AEA AK LM PRED JL! 2439... “In front of ...”;“in one’s presence.” For example, $R7S AG 478 th BAB AE “I don’t want to talk about that in her presence.” Ux HIER AE 4 Fi KABA RIN, PEA BIE WE? “I paid you back in front of everybody. How could you deny it?” BATA Ke This is a rhetorical question, meaning “It doesn’t matter.” For ex- ample, (RAE Dik ANS Im? ABT Zs 2 Be He MEAT tEAEVEKE. “Are you saying that she doesn’t want to join us? It doesn’t matter. We can do well without her.” BEAWAA TUK. FBG ABA colloquial form for “no matter what.” In this pattern, FEE means “in any case,” and the words after tH, refer to the consequence or result. For example, 4/8 Vit, 48-2! “You have to go no matter what happens!14 BH + MUSE AE, BE SHEA (HIFH [bieniu] uncomfortable, awkward) HFH. isa collo- quial word for “uncomfortable” or “awkward.” For example, {l4> RIAEAIEA HEN? FETE HEE ULL? “Why is he in a bad mood? Is he angry with someone?” + TERA Ist. JERR (FF [dé] have to) Both I and Ik convey the emphasis of the following word 4, “have to.” For example, 3&7 J LHETE, FAT JEREZ. “Nobody else can do this job; I have to do it.” © BERLE (Ama. 4% ({dé]) A colloquial form to indicate approval or prohibition, used when ending a statement. For example: 44, HIKAD. “All right! Just go ahead.” 74, ill FFE J. “That's enough. Let it go at that.” + LEILA RMIT. ...h... A colloquial pattern to express “do whatever you like.” ..”'is usually a verb or a verbal phrase, it; is optional. For ex- ample: ez, KANE. “Go ahead if you want, | do not care? KR — FPR, REE ARIA. “Here is a hun- dred dollars for you, and you can buy whatever you like.” © Mh, IB? HB} (life) (4) ch) This is an interjection that is used to ask opinions or to question closely. For example, KAR MBAKERE T , Mif2 “So you won't go tomorrow, eh?” + PBN, fe AO! FRBEVLAY “Needless to say.” “naturally” “of course.” For example,1: GREETING PEOPLE 15 ABE WL, IX AERIVIAHLAT. “No problem, it’s what I should do.” + ABELL OR! JAR A colloquial form for “Feel free to ...”;“don’t hesitate to ...”; or “by all means.” For example, (RALBUTA RE bi. “Feel free to say anything you want to say.” BESRUREE MK, UR EF UF J. “Don't hesitate to buy it since you like it” #KAEF-F FZ. “Go ahead by all means.” —-_— [[vocasuLary wD shangching market; bazaar LSE shangban go to work; on duty ig liéo chat Bal 8 ayi aunt or auntie (the form to call either mother’s sister or a woman who is about the mother’s age) MG ARE shiinbian conveniently; in passing ALF Hibai week we qingké treat (at one's own expense) AS tongxiing a person from the same hometown dinwéi unit (as an organization) banshi handle affairs; work Fae Bl) péngdio meet unexpectedly; run into $A miangrén busy person AE] zan we (including both the speaker and the listener)16 PH SMIVJL — gémenr brothers; buddies; pals Yi fe shifu master worker 4 JL xiiomingr childhood name —— [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: BERG MILT 8) see BRR 1 evi — EFT) L? BURA BA. 2 ALR TT, METIS WET, PREM. 3 PEPER LNT, EUR HE BEE RE 4 UATTEBAE BME ASO? BOT RTT. 5 PRE SHE Ae? AT ? 6 WA BAT LIE AY IN Te ABBA? EK : 7 ABS Rr OR AE, KALA B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: WABI RAREL ABER KR PRR ERROR ATI 1 ERA, BBM — 7 EK9 1: GREETING PEOPLE 17 2 RUS WORUK, MEZA it le] —BR Lee, 3 JIA A RT, BAPE? AF I? 4 BITE UE, ART AE HM LAN EH. 5 PILAR HE TR, BA AEAR MLR AS HOR T 6 AGAIN ER AAR Le, 7 EASES BR ESL, RIE. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: FEA WET EB MAKI MO BEML UBM HEH REV Ky 1 EATER BAR, U8 FIX PIE RIE. 2 BRIA F, efi de BAT ZRE. 3 fh HER THK, OAR DAT NALA. 4 UBL A? KR UL. 5 SM RAE FER BEM BEEN! 6 RA BERS, BEI IT. 7 ARATE AMBER, ORAL 8 MET EMPEKT, BREST. 9 WEAMA RA? FRR ULI AN! 10 BEE, 1K RAIL, MR, BILE ML. 1 245, FOUR BI ) LIK? BABE A SLAEUKT18 HE D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: TMT AY PRIDE ZR TIA Ra YHRASA IBBIN REL WHAT @ AGHA PDE, OBE A AE Be DLS SLE HZ MRT, Ci Teo JL RY 3 ARAN, 4, BRUHN. ARAL AL, OAL ES, BOAT, BBR MPES? AGU, MELEE HEOT bs WE UB, WA nn oo a 7 MAMI LE, HERB T 8 ALATAESRA TT? MBE Ae, HAAN Pn. 9 UREA LERR A BN TAL BT BR BR AB ESE? 10 IX RCE LN A, RT LIL TLANswer KEY 1: GREETING PEOPLE 19 Exercise A (Dialogue 1) OB ) LAB 4) FR T BEE TL oe BER GB...) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) IKR BENITA BARR BRABREIL EKA MORE (ABUL...) ERROR CE...) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) Nau ewone Nauk One ye % 1 2 ER (a) 3K» 4 Mi 5 Hild 6 Ae T 7 RARE 8 FAL 9 UARKI GB......A9) 10 RAMBIL (B...w...) 11 BRE RL CARE RE ARES OK BUX LIM) Exercise D (Dialogue 2) ERE IRAE tt RE ABBE ABAKA ESET ABA AH BAPRASA (AF...) 10 WHAT ...T) CamIdanevne20 RE [GREETING AND ADDRESSING: 44 "F 49 Ki Some linguists think that greeting people properly is one of the most complex things to learn when learning Chinese, not only because of its diversification, but also because of its rapid change. Generally speaking, there are several types of greeting in China today. The first type is addressing: greeting people by name, by title, or by family member or relative. This type of greeting is usually used among acquaintances. Although addressing by full name is OK, it is seldom used among acquaintances. Usually people call each other either by first name or by last name by adding a “24” (elder or old), if he or she is younger, or “/]” (younger or little), if he or she is older, before the last name, such as &% or /|\#X. Another way of addressing is calling by profession, post, or official post title: such as 3K 1 (Factory Director Zhang); KEE (Manager Zhao); ALF (Professor Li); BE AE (Doctor Jin), etc. The third way of addressing is using the family member or relative terms, even by strangers: Kf (elder brother), K HE (elder sister), K 4 (elder sister-in-law), ALAN/ AF (uncle), Bil (aunt), 4449 (grandfather), 444 (grandmother), etc. When addressin, an acquaintance, the last name could be added in front of the term: BE, FW. The second type of greeting is asking questions. Friends or acquaintances will ask some questions to show their concern or caring, such as PZ T 4? (Have you eaten yet?) FI) Hf JL? (Where are you going?) or F-¢+2 Mb? (What are you doing?) Although in question format, these are really more greeting than question. Other questions are possible: HVEA: ANH? (Are you busy recently?) 1 AQ EEF ALI UME? (How are your father and mother?) #85 ICE ANA, SEAS IK I? (How come you don’t look well, are you sick?), etc. Generally speaking, the closer the relationship, the more personal the question. Affected by foreign influence, quite a few city people, especially intellectuals, like to use English style Chinese to greet each other, such as §L_E #F1(Good morning!) or even “PREF1: GREETING PEOPLE 21 N32” (How are you?). However, most Chinese are still not used to this kind of greeting, Even so, (KF! (Hi!, Hello! or How do you do?) is increasingly popular, especially for foreigners in China. The third type of greeting is contextual talking: what the other party has done, is doing, or is going to do. For example, seeing a friend coming back from shopping, one would say AR PEA T ? (You did some shopping?) Seeing an acquaintance going to school, one would say 4 2? (Going to school?) Seeing each other in the early morning, people will say £444! (You are early!) or simply #! (Early!) to each other. These seemingly meaningless contextual remarks are a very common way of greeting.BRAC HR. HS) LIER) La Be BLA COMPLAINING ° Envy, ADMIRATION [CONVERSATION A: Simplified ZEAE i Te TLR EE LPENROD DEPRAET NIWG SLAC, BR AES ARRA. =: HE, UR RICA RSE LE A! cs Bie, (033 Ret GEN? FEA AN Jb? E: REF, SAVER FEAR? PRR IPE. MAL WY): “ARIK ACHR, RJR JLARE, eas AELIB JLY? 222: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 23 DB LB LER BEAT cit: everywhere of the body is exposed.) It so skimpy. Li is in the mall chatting with Wang, who works there. Wang is friends with Li’s mother, and knows Li well. Wang: Hey, I like what you’re wearing! Li: Ma’am, are you telling the truth? Or do you not like the way I look? Wang: Child, what are you talking about? Li: How can I not know you? You're just like my mom. All she does all day long is nag: “Look at this, it’s so skimpy, it’s even showing your belly button!”24 Poe ZE: m L r Traditional AT, OT, PRE ARAB? BUR Ms WRT AR RE, My RRA SS, BRB LACH Jui. HST, RMT ILT ML, AS MEAR, ATTA IOUT MLM me OE a Re RAMRET! KEWELL, LEBRIMT. FUG TT FEUB IL T , HS J LR AEF IB IG! Pe RIREHLLT! ECE TA 0 Fei Bp RE PR TE ZEAE EERE CRT E CHE FREI UWE FEI AC, PRAIA RA. EXE: EM: WE, URS ELH! BK, Cs EMR? EAE SR 5a? : EGF, 5 aa? ERB —ER. MH AGE SEACH, OLS LAR BER, 12 » FT, AT, WR SHIGE A RAR RE Bae RETA — BR, MURAI SS, BK SLES RIE. BST, RAMAN GE TR.WER Wang: Li: Wang: Li: Wang: Eu: EM: 2: COMPLAINING; ENVY,ADMIRATION 25 Now, now, don't judge everyone the same way, okay? I'm not like your mom at all. She sits in an office all day; I stand here all day. You see something a lot, and it starts looking nice. Well, good for you, there are times you like what you see! If only my mom were like this too! Go drag her out to the mall; she'll get used to it once she sees it often enough. My mom is so stubborn; you think she’s as open- minded as you are? Now don’t you flatter me! AGT, AGIA T AR SAR! BOO BB A EERE! EMR: MSRM GE, SHARERT. FRE AT ECHR TS 5S HF ESCH: RGA TR ET! fixe BES at» HL GF “One's innermost thoughts and feelings.” For example, ERNE, RAAT D Be AER ME UE T . “She is my good friend, and I have spoken my mind to her.” Pi His, PRELFEHES WMH. “To tell you the truth, I really like her.”26 Po + RAREAAAIRL AR MBHE JIGHE means “pleasing to the eye.” ANJA means “be offensive to the eye,” “be an eyesore.” For example, XA AK, HK RATE AIG. “The more I look at the clothes, the more I feel that they’re offensive to my eye.” + BEF, BAER: 48 VETER? “How could you speak in this way?” This is a rhe- torical question that is used to criticize the attitude of the speaker, or criticize how the speaker conducts himself or herself. This is the kind of criticism usually used by elders to younger people, or be- tween close friends. For example, HK, 4 FRERYS BE 1 AB? “Look at you, how could you talk to your Mom this way?” + hh AL J ([daodao]) “Talk on and on;” “chatter away.” For example, ITEAKARM YY TER. “The old woman talked to him on and on for a long time.” + GAA, BL) LAR BRS BLE LBB... “Anywhere is ....” BE JLIBBJL is a colloquial expression for “anywhere” or “everywhere.” For example, 3X} F755) LOB J LAB AE A Ml? “Why are there people every- where at this place?” © BT. GT, WEI AMA ae 44T “That's enough.” “That's that.” This is a colloquial expres- sion to show prohibition. For example, 44 I, HINAWETE TS. “That’s enough. Don’t keep chatting.” + MEBRIGE AMA Re BABI “Old ways of looking at things; ” “old views.” For ex-2: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 27 ample, WEARS CARICA Wh? MERA AT ANF “How could you still judge her by what she used to be? She has changed.” APEC A BAR Re RAR BR AM is a colloquial form for “OK” ANAM means “Is it OK?” For example, PAI] JL 2s OAS A? “Will it be alright if we go there earlier?” SEIT, OA AMT AR LATE A WEAF “Really capable”; “very competent”; “really terrific.” For ex- ample, & A % HJ LAMM TEM? ELT. “He has completed so much work. He is great.” FW BEY ABIX A BEE T | SEE... RFT This pattem is used to express wish in a subjunctive mood: “I wish ....” “It would be nice if.....” BERL, “6” is often shor ened to 3 in colloquial form. For example, #i{) SEER BRAT IAS JBUBUBRAE T . “1 wish that we had vacation at the same time.” FRU BEB AERA RR T! JXAR “Like this”; “this way.” For example, BIKA #, Hs FAR BYA FER. “In that case, let’s come again tomorrow.” 3X Z, 4 is often used in imperative sentences. For example, XA A, REA, UTE LBA. “Let's do it this way: Pll go pick him up, and you just wait for us here.” BS AT FE ARIL BEASEB A colloquial expression for “stubborn” or “be set on one’s purpose.” For example, FREM]—R ILE HB SME, FETA, MEME MLA? GIFEARIL T | “Come and watch a movie with us. Why should you worry about homework? Don’t be stubborn.”28 Ho + ROS ) LARS FAB IF! FYE A colloquial expression: “have a quick mind.” For exam- ple, ii Fie, Ath tt AE ER. “He has a quick mind; let’s see if he has any good ideas.” + RAAT AGL! WORTHEL “Platter”; “lay it on thick.” For example, EWI ASB ARCA JL. “He is fond of flattery from others.” {HE WAGES HEL. “He is always ready to flatter other people.” [CONVERSATION B: Simplified /\ ETE AE 5 EG T 7. INE: ADE, AB BRT EMAL? Ae: 1, BIZERUZP PLE T SORA. RR, BK AIR EBTE EE T ANE: UREA! URE IS BE, ERR ABR BUR! 2B: URAR EAH FREE TG? SAL PEM. ANE: WSF, BRAT BEE LAR RRA REIL. UBS RPBERMUNY, B32 FE AEA PR — AE Lt RT. WB: BHAT AAA AED. ANE: 1, ARDEA T —T SALT, 1G BU ARAN LB?