Département de génie chimique et biologique

Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering

CHG 3111 – Unit Operations

Summer 2018

Tutorial Practice Problems - Solutions

Set 5: Liquid-liquid extraction

Problem 1

Assumptions
 Steady state

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 Isothermal Process

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Schematic

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Find
a) N if VN+1 =204 kg/h
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b) VN+1 if N=1
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Analysis
a) Determination of N for given VN+1
Graphical Solution
 Locate VN+1 and Lo on the plot
 Find point M Mass balance or inverse lever rule
(𝐿𝑜 𝑥𝐴𝑂 + 𝑉𝑛+1 𝑦𝑎 𝑛+1 ) 100 ∗ 0.36
𝑥𝑀 = = = 0.118~0.12
(𝐿𝑜 + 𝑉𝑁+1 ) 100 + 204
Inverse lever rule
100 𝑀𝑉𝑁+1 100
= → 𝑀𝑉𝑁+1 = 107𝑚𝑚 ∗ ( ) = 35.2𝑚𝑚
304 𝑉𝑁+1 𝐿𝑜 304

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 Part a)
 Locate point Ln  xAN=0.14 on equilibrium line
 Find V1  Intersection of LNM with equilibrium line
 Determination of Δ point: intersection of LN VN+1 with LoV1
 Determination of equilibrium stages: Find L1 which is in equilibrium with
V1 using the bottom figure
 Determination of V2: Intersection point of Δ L1 with equilibrium line
 Determination of L2: in equilibrium with V2
 Determination of V3 and L3: It is clear that L3 is to the left of LN
 Therefore: 2 full and partial equilibrium stages are require

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 Part b) Determination of VN+1 for N=1
 Locate Lo, VN+1 And LN on the graph
 We are looking for V1 which must be in equilibrium with LN since it is a
single equilibrium stage
 Go vertically down to the equilibrium line
 Go horizontally to the 45º line
 Go vertically up to equilibrium line

 Read coordinates of point M, xM=0.06

VN+1 from mass balance or inverse lever rule
(𝐿𝑜 𝑥𝐴𝑂 + 𝑉𝑛+1 𝑦𝑎 𝑛+1 ) 𝐿𝑜 𝑥𝐴𝑂
𝑥𝑀 = =
(𝐿𝑜 + 𝑉𝑁+1 ) 𝐿𝑜 + 𝑉𝑁+1
→ 𝑥𝑀 𝑉𝑛+1 + 𝑥𝑀 𝐿𝑜 = 𝐿𝑜 𝑥𝐴𝑂

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𝐿𝑜 𝑥𝐴𝑂 − 𝑥𝑀 𝐿𝑜 36 − 100(0.06)
𝑉𝑛+1 = = = 500 𝑘𝑔/ℎ
𝑥𝑀 0.06

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𝑉𝑛+1 ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝐿𝑁 90
= =
𝐿𝑜 ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
𝑉𝑛+1 𝑀 17.5

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90
= 514
𝑘𝑔
(𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑦 𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒)
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17.5 ℎ
Therefore we need:
𝑘𝑔
514 − 204 = 310
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ℎ
More of pure isopropyl ether
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 m
er as
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eH w
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aC s
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sh is
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