SYSTEMATICS

Prep Session 1
AGENDA

• Cloud computing
• Big Data Analytics
 CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of Why is Cloud Computing required?

compute power, database, storage, applications,
• With cloud computing, you don’t need to make large
and other IT resources via the internet. For ex.
upfront investments in hardware and spend a lot of time
• Google Cloud on the heavy lifting of managing that hardware. Instead,
• Amazon Web Services (AWS) you can provision exactly the right type and size of
computing resources you need to power your newest
• Microsoft Azure idea or operate your IT department.You can access as
• IBM Cloud many resources as you need, almost instantly, and only
pay for what you use.

• Rather than keeping files on a proprietary hard drive or

local storage device, cloud-based storage makes it
possible to save them to a remote database.
• For cost savings, increased productivity, speed and
efficiency and performance
How does Cloud computing work?
• Cloud computing gives you access to servers, storage, databases, and a broad set of application
services over the Internet. A cloud services provider such as Amazon Web Services, owns and
maintains the network-connected hardware required for these application services, while you
provision and use what you need via a web application.

• Cloud computing is named as such because the information being accessed is found remotely in the
cloud or a virtual space. Companies that provide cloud services enable users to store files and
applications on remote servers and then access all the data via the Internet.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING
Advantages
• Scalability – Easily scalable
• Cost efficient - It takes considerably lesser cost than an on-
premise technology
• High Speed – Deployment of service quickly in fewer clicks
• Excellent accessibility- Storing the information in cloud allows
you to access it anywhere and anytime regardless of the machine
• Manageability- Eliminates the need for IT infrastructure updates
and maintenance since the service provider ensures timely,
guaranteed and seamless delivery of services and takes care of all
the maintenance
• Pay as you go - Lets you add or subtract resources and services
according to your needs
• Strategic edge - It helps you to access the latest and applications
any time without spending your time and money on installations
Disadvantages
• Vulnerability to attacks - Storing data in cloud may pose
serious challenge of information theft since in cloud every
data of your company is online. Storing confidential data in
cloud can be a risky affair.
• Network connectivity dependency - You need a reliable
and consistent internet service as well as a good connection
speed and bandwidth for your business to reap the benefits of
cloud computing.
• Downtime
• Vendor lock in - Support issues, configuration complexities
and additional expenses.Your data might also be left
vulnerable to security attacks due to compromises that might
have been made during migrations.
TYPES OF CLOUD

• Public Cloud – In this model, the cloud resources are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider.
Same hardware, storage and other services are shared with other organizations

• Private Cloud – In this model, computing resources are used exclusively by one business organization and are always
maintained on a private network. It can be physically located at your organization’s on site data-center or can be hosted
by a third-party service provider. It allows organizations to easily customize its resources to meet IT requirements. E.g
Government agencies, financial institutions and business critical operations seeking enhanced security

• Hybrid Cloud - Hybrid clouds combine on-premises infrastructure, or private clouds, with public clouds so
organizations can reap the advantages of both. In a hybrid cloud, data and applications can move between private and
public clouds for greater flexibility and more deployment options. For instance, you can use the public cloud for high-
volume, lower-security needs such as web-based email and the private cloud (or other on-premises infrastructure) for
sensitive, business-critical operations like financial reporting
CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICES
Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Software hosted on machines
provided by third party
• Applications accessed remotely via
client and/or the Web
• Targeted at application end users
• Google Apps, Dropbox, Cisco WebEx
Platform as a Service(PaaS)
• Development environment hosted by
third party
• Targeted at developers
• Microsoft Azure, Google App Engine
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Raw building blocks of data
environment provided by third party
• Processing capacity, storage,
connectivity, security, etc.
• Microsoft Azure, AWS
BIG DATA AND ANALYTICS

Data, in the context of computing, refers to distinct pieces of digital information. Data is
Data usually formatted in a specific way and can exist in a variety of forms, such as numbers, text,
etc.

Big data - Big data is a term applied to data sets whose size or type is beyond the ability of
Big Data traditional relational databases to capture, manage and process the data with low latency.
Big data has one or more of the following characteristics: high volume, high velocity or high
variety
4V’S OF BIG DATA

• Volume - Refers to the amount of data

• Variety - Refers to the many sources and
types of data. Data today comes in many
different formats: structured data, semi-
structured data, unstructured data
• Velocity - Refers to the speed of generation
of data. How fast the data is generated and
processed to meet the demands.
• Veracity - Refers to the uncertainty with the
data
TYPE OF DATA
Structured - Structured data
is highly-organized and
formatted in a way so it's easily
searchable in relational
databases. Examples of
structured data include names,
dates, addresses, credit card
numbers, stock information,
geolocation, and more.
Unstructured data - Any
data with unknown form or the
structure is classified as
unstructured data., making it
much more difficult to collect,
process, and analyze. Examples
of unstructured data include
video, audio, mobile activity,
social media activity, satellite
imagery, surveillance imagery
Semi-structured - Semi-
structured data is
information that doesn’t
reside in a relational database
but that does have some
organizational properties that
make it easier to analyze. E.g
XML data
• Further reading
 Effectively storing huge data
which is increasing at a rapid
pace

CHALLENGES
WITH BIG DATA Cleaning of data(making it
relevant)

Keeping up with technology

and tools to extract
information and insights
WHAT IS BIG DATA ANALYTICS?
Big data analytics is the process of collecting,
organizing and analyzing large volumes of data to
find out the required information and to reveal
hidden patterns from the data which might be
helpful to take profitable business decisions
Data Analysis vs Data Analytics
Analytics is defined as “a process of transforming data into
actions through analysis and insight in the context of
organizational decision making and problem-solving.”
Data analysis is a broader term that refers to the process of
compiling and analyzing data in order to present findings to
management to help inform business decision making.
Data analytics is a subcomponent of data analysis that involves
the use of technical tools and data analysis techniques.
TYPES OF ANALYTICS
• Descriptive - Answers the question of what happened. Descriptive analytics juggles raw data from multiple
data sources to give valuable insights into the past. However, these findings simply signal that something is
What happened
wrong or right, without explaining why. E.g. A healthcare provider will learn how many patients were
hospitalized last month; a retailer – the average weekly sales volume

• Diagnostic - Answers the question of why something happened. It gives in-depth insights into a problem.
Why something
E.g. a retailer can drill the sales and gross profit down to categories to find out why they missed their net happened
profit target

• Predictive - Predictive analytics tells what is likely to happen. It uses the findings of descriptive and
diagnostic analytics to detect tendencies, clusters and exceptions, and to predict future trends, which What is likely to
makes it a valuable tool for forecasting. E.g. Improving operations to better manage inventory and other happen
resources, or to set prices for services based on things like seasonality.

• Prescriptive – To prescribe what action to take to eliminate a future problem or take full advantage of a
promising trend. E.g. to maximize profits for an airline, prescriptive analytics can do this by automatically What action to
adjusting ticket price and availability based on numerous factors, including customer demand, weather, and take
gasoline prices.
USE CASES OF BIG DATA ANALYTICS

Utilizing the right data will allow companies to:

• Reduce operational costs.
• Track current metrics and create new ones.
• Understand its customers on a far deeper level.
• Unveil smarter and more targeted marketing campaigns.
• Find new product opportunities and offerings.
How Analytics can help in ?
Marketing Supply chain
• How are our marketing initiatives performing today? Analytics helps monetize and optimize:
• Which of them are viable in the long run? • Current inventory status
• How can we improve those which are not effective? • Forecasts
• How do our marketing activities compare with our • Demand planning
competitors’? • Sourcing
• What can we learn from our competition? • Production
• Are our marketing resources properly allocated? • Improved worker productivity measurement
• Transportation routing
• Assessing manufacturing quality
Finance • Using data from sensors on manufacturing equipment
Detecting fraud, risk management, data security,
finding unexplored strategic opportunities Human Resource
Typically financial analytics includes • Talent acquisition and retention
• Risk analysis • Attrition
• Working capital management • Headcount Management and Workforce
• Fraud detection and prevention Optimization
• Shareholder metric analysis • Optimization of Compensation and Benefits
ROLES IN ORGANIZATIONS FOR BIG DATA ANALYTICS
Tools used by Data Analysts
• Tableau Public
• OpenRefine
• KNIME
• RapidMiner
• Google Fusion Tables
• NodeXL
• Wolfram Alpha
• Google Search Operators
• SAS
• R