Water-base extinguishing agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-base extinguishing agent, comprising hydrocarbon surfactant,

stabilizing/coupling agent, chelating agent, spreading anti-burning agent, antifreeze agent, emulsifier,
tackifier and water. According to the invention, inert gases are used for emission, and foam is
generated by emulsification of solution and heating to cover the fire, so that the water-base
extinguishing agent is most effective to put out fire of oils. The main added ingredients have no toxicity
and no pollution, so that the water-base extinguishing agent is a environment-friendly extinguishing
agent. The water-base extinguishing agent has the advantages of low price of the additives, easy
obtainment of the additives and simple production process, and is suitable for large-scale application
and extension.
CN102274604A
China
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Chinese
Inventor
黄寅生
张文成
王文涛
李锦涛
吴娜
许玲

Worldwide applications
2011 CN

Application CN201110173154A events

2011-06-24

Application filed by 南京理工大学

2011-06-24

Priority to CN 201110173154

2011-12-14

Publication of CN102274604A

2013-03-27

Application granted

2013-03-27

Publication of CN102274604B
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Description

A kind of water based fire suppressant

Technical field

The present invention relates to extinguishing chemical, particularly a kind of water-based emulsion,
being heated generates the foam type extinguishing chemical.

Background technology

Both at home and abroad fire-fighting market was tending towards characteristics such as
environmental protection, high efficiency, adaptability be strong gradually to the requirement of
extinguishing chemical in recent years.At present, the product of China extinguishing chemical
manufacturer mostly is ABC dry powder, BC dry powder, but its application is strongly professional;
can only be used to fill fire extinguisher, put out initial fire disaster, powerless to extensive fire; and
anti-resume combustion weak effect also causes certain harm to withdrawing of personnel in the
application.Add the extinguishing chemical of fluorocarbon surfactant owing to have extremely low
surface tension, can sprawl at liquid surface and come, played the effect that radiation and
evaporation capacity are suffocated, reduced to good oxygen barrier.But the core technology of
fluorocarbon surfactant is abroad monopolized always, though domestic also have manufacturer
production, a DeGrain.And the cost of fluorocarbon surfactant has accounted for about 80% of this
type of extinguishing chemical cost, thus its on the high sidely can not be accepted by consumers in
general always, so its application is limited.

Ended the Halon extinguishing chemical by 2010 eliminated comprehensively in China, and China to
the needs of efficient, environmental protection, inexpensive extinguishing chemical in continuous
enhancing.Particularly at the extinguishing chemical of flammable liquid class fire.Therefore, need
exploitation a kind of have efficient, environmental protection, inexpensive, production operation
easyly be suitable for promoting on a large scale, especially to liquid fire extinguishing chemical
efficiently.

Water based fire suppressant before this generally reaches the fire extinguishing purpose by surface
spreading, vaporization cooling, radiation-inhibiting, aspect such as suffocate, and as people's such as
Wang Wei, Tian Hongjuan invention: water-based extinguishing agent is exactly to put out a fire by
above-mentioned mechanism.But its additive cost height, the stability that generates foam is subjected
to the influence of flame temperature big.

Summary of the invention

One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of and has emulsification, is heated and
generates the water based fire suppressant of performances such as foam.
Another object of the present invention be to provide in a kind of efficient, inexpensive, the water
based fire suppressant, particularly fire extinguishing procedure that are applicable to large-scale
promotion can produced on-site water based fire suppressant.

The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of water based fire
suppressant, mix by additive and water, and described additive comprises:

The hc-surfactant of 5 ~ 40 weight portions;

The stable coupling agent of 0 ~ 40 weight portion;

0.5 the chelating agent of ~ 10 weight portions;

2.5 sprawling of ~ 20 weight portions resists the burning agent;

The antifreeze of 0 ~ 20 weight portion;

The emulsifying agent of 1 ~ 30 weight portion;

2.5 the tackifier of ~ 20 weight portions.

The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage:

(1) low, the raw material of cost is easy to get: do not use fluorocarbon surfactant among the present
invention, this has just saved most cost for product.Though descend to some extent in performance
aspect the surface spreading fire extinguishing, the present invention suffocates and reaches the fire
extinguishing purpose with emulsification, the generation foam that is heated, so whole extinguishing
property is good.Other additive all is common chemical raw material, wide material sources, is easy to
get.

(2) foam volume is abundant: modified starch generates a large amount of foams rapidly after
sprinkling is heated, and forms the foam blanket of densification on the comburant surface.

(3) the extinguishing chemical process for preparation is simple and convenient: the present invention
mixes with water behind pre-assigned additive can form extinguishing ability in very short time.Now
with the current in the fire extinguishing procedure at the scene, save the water in the preparation in
advance, increased the amount of carrying of extinguishing chemical effective ingredient.

(4) basic nontoxic pollution-free: not having the discharging of waste gas, waste water, waste residue
in the process for preparation, only be the mixing of additive and suitable quantity of water, and
additive itself is also nontoxic.Therefore, Zheng Ti extinguishing chemical is harmless substantially to
environment.

(5) extinguishing concentration of extinguishing chemical is low: when the mass ratio of additive and
water was 3:97, the fire extinguishing effect was fairly obvious.Minimum fire extinguishing
proportioning can be 1:200.

(6) the present invention can be widely used in water system fire extinguishing system, water spray
fire prevention system, water mist system, Kazakhstan dragon substitute fire extinguishing system,
particularly in important public arena, densely populated place, and mine, forest, grassland, ship etc.

The specific embodiment

The present invention has also possessed emulsification mechanism except that possessing basic
extinguishing mechanism, promptly the excellent emulsifiability of neopelex makes extinguishing
chemical and the organic solution of catching fire form emulsion, plays the concentration of dilution
combustible vapor; Be heated after applying and generate the foam fire-fighting function.The
generation foam that is heated after particularly applying, its foam volume is abundant, fine and close,
generate rapidly, oxygen barrier is suffocated, and effect is fairly obvious.This mechanism is similar to
the extinguishing mechanism of fluorocarbon surfactant, but price is well below fluorocarbon
surfactant.The anti-resume combustion ability in fire extinguishing back is strong, and performance is
better than powder extinguishing agent.

A kind of water based fire suppressant of the present invention is mixed by additive and water, and the
additive among the present invention accounts for the mass fraction of gross mass 3%, minimum can
be to 0.5%, described additive comprises:

Hc-surfactant, stablize coupling agent, chelating agent, sprawl anti-agent, antifreeze, emulsifying
agent and the tackifier of burning, its weight ratio of components is:

Hc-surfactant 5 ~ 40%;

Stablize coupling agent 0 ~ 40%;

Chelating agent 0.5 ~ 10%;

Sprawl the anti-agent 2.5 ~ 20% of burning;

Antifreeze 0 ~ 20%;

Emulsifying agent 1 ~ 30%;

Tackifier 2.5 ~ 20%.

The hc-surfactant that the present invention uses is main blowing agent, and its main effect provides
abundant foam, reduces the interfacial tension between bubble solution and the oil meter face.Hc-
surfactant can be selected from any one in the compound with following molecular formula:

(1) C nH 2n+1OSO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li, NH 4

(2) C nH 2n+1SO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li, NH 4

(3) C nH 2n+1-PhSO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li, NH 4

The stable coupling agent that the present invention uses is toluene, n-octyl alcohol, n-nonyl alcohol,
isobutanol, lauryl alcohol, decyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, urea, diethanol butyl ether.

The chelating agent that adds among the present invention can improve the salt tolerance and the
anti-hard water of system significantly, also has good chelating ability simultaneously.It can be EDTA,
EDTA disodium, ED3A.

It is polyethylene glycol that sprawling among the present invention resists the burning agent, and it
can improve the anti-resume combustion ability and the self-enclosed ability of foam.

Antifreeze among the present invention is ethylene glycol, propane diols or their mixture, and effect is
to reduce freezing point.

The optional usefulness of emulsifying agent of the present invention has any one in the compound of
following molecular formula:
C nH 2n+1-PhSO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

Get the lauryl sodium sulfate of 1.5 ㎏ respectively, the EDTA disodium of 0.15 ㎏, the polyethylene
glycol of 0.75 ㎏, the neopelex of 0.3 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of 0.75 ㎏.The water that adds 341.6
㎏ just can be made into the extinguishing chemical of 1% content.

Embodiment 2:

Get the sodium glycocholate of 9 ㎏ respectively, the EDTA of 0.6 ㎏, the polyethylene glycol of 3 ㎏,
the ethylene glycol of 0.75 ㎏, the neopelex of 3 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of 2.4 ㎏ and the mixture of
xanthans.The water that adds 606.3 ㎏ just can be made into the extinguishing chemical of 3%
content.

Embodiment 3:

Get ten sodium alkyl benzene sulfonates of 12 ㎏ respectively, the urea of 1.5 ㎏, the ED3A of 0.6 ㎏,
the polyethylene glycol of 3 ㎏, the neopelex of 3 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of 2.4 ㎏ and the mixture
of xanthan gum.The water that adds 727.5 ㎏ just can be made into the extinguishing chemical of 3%
content.

Embodiment 4:

Get the lauryl sodium sulfate of 1.5 ㎏ respectively, the toluene of 12 ㎏, the EDTA disodium of 1.5 ㎏,
the polyethylene glycol of 4.5 ㎏, the neopelex of 1.5 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of 1.5 ㎏ and the
mixture of cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose.The water that adds 1102.5 ㎏ just can be made into the
extinguishing chemical of 2% content.

Embodiment: 5

Get the sodium glycocholate of 1.5 ㎏ respectively, the n-octyl alcohol of 3 ㎏, the EDTA of 3 ㎏, the
polyethylene glycol of 6 ㎏, the propane diols of 6 ㎏, the neopelex of 4.5 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of
6 ㎏.The water that adds 1470 ㎏ just can be made into the extinguishing chemical of 2% content.

Embodiment 6:

Get ten sodium alkyl benzene sulfonates of 3 ㎏ respectively, the isobutanol of 1.5 ㎏, the ED3A of 1.5
㎏, the polyethylene glycol of 4.5 ㎏, the propane diols of 3 ㎏ and the mixture of ethylene glycol, the
neopelex of 9 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of 1.5 ㎏ and the mixture of xanthans.The water that adds
2376 ㎏ just can be made into the extinguishing chemical of 1% content.

Embodiment 7:

Get the lauryl sodium sulfate of 6 ㎏ respectively, the lauryl alcohol of 3 ㎏, the EDTA disodium of 3 ㎏,
the polyethylene glycol of 0.75 ㎏, the neopelex of 4.5 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of 0.75 ㎏ and the
mixture of xanthan gum.The water that adds 1782 ㎏ just can be made into the extinguishing chemical
of 1% content.

Embodiment 8:
Get the sodium glycocholate of 3 ㎏ respectively, the decyl alcohol of 6 ㎏, the EDTA of 1.5 ㎏, the
polyethylene glycol of 1.5 ㎏, the ethylene glycol of 6 ㎏, the neopelex of 1.5 ㎏, the ripe rubber
powder of 6 ㎏ and the mixture of cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose.The water that adds 1249.5 ㎏ just
can be made into the extinguishing chemical of 2% content.

Embodiment 9:

Get ten sodium alkyl benzene sulfonates of 6 ㎏ respectively, the diethanol butyl ether of 9 ㎏, the
ED3A of 0.6 ㎏, the polyethylene glycol of 1.5 ㎏, the neopelex of 1.5 ㎏, the ripe rubber powder of 2.4
㎏.The water that adds 679 ㎏ just can be made into the extinguishing chemical of 3% content.

The extinguishing chemical numbering 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Attack time/s 62 30 33 53 72 59 27 24

Table 1

The listed data of table 1 contrasted for go out under the same conditions time of gasoline fire of
extinguishing chemical of the present invention and SD water-based extinguishing agent.Be the attack
time of extinguishing chemical of the present invention under different conditions of mixture ratios 1 to
No. 4,5 to No. 8 is the attack time under the SD water-based extinguishing agent different conditions of
mixture ratios.As can be seen, extinguishing chemical overall performance of the present invention is
not second to the SD water-based extinguishing agent from the attack time.

The extinguishing chemical numbering 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Attack

time/s 20.3 17.7 17.5 21.0 19.0 14.0 20.0 14.5 15.5

Table 2

Table 2 is classified the time of the diesel oil fire that goes out under the extinguishing chemical
2
different conditions of mixture ratios of the present invention as.(the food tray area is 0.1m , diesel oil
consumption 500ml, no water subfill).

Claims (8)

Hide Dependent

1. a water based fire suppressant is mixed by additive and water, it is characterized in that described additive
comprises:
The hc-surfactant of 5 ~ 40 weight portions;
The stable coupling agent of 0 ~ 40 weight portion;
0.5 the chelating agent of ~ 10 weight portions;
2.5 sprawling of ~ 20 weight portions resists the burning agent;
The antifreeze of 0 ~ 20 weight portion;
The emulsifying agent of 1 ~ 30 weight portion;
2.5 the tackifier of ~ 20 weight portions.
2. according to claims 1 described water based fire suppressant, it is characterized in that: described hc-
surfactant has any one in the following molecular formula:
C nH 2n+1OSO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li, NH 4
C nH 2n+1SO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li, NH 4
C nH 2n+1-PhSO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li, NH 4
3. according to claims 1 described water based fire suppressant, it is characterized in that: described stable
coupling agent is any one in urea, toluene, n-octyl alcohol, n-nonyl alcohol, isobutanol, lauryl alcohol, decyl
alcohol, ethylene glycol or the diethanol butyl ether.
4. according to claims 1 described water based fire suppressant, it is characterized in that: described chelating
agent is EDTA, EDTA disodium or ED3A.
5. according to claims 1 described water based fire suppressant, it is characterized in that: describedly sprawl
that anti-to burn agent be polyethylene glycol.
6. according to claims 1 described water based fire suppressant, it is characterized in that: described antifreeze is
ethylene glycol, propane diols or their mixture.
7. according to claims 1 described water based fire suppressant, it is characterized in that: described emulsifying
agent is C nH 2n+1-PhSO 3M, n=8-18 wherein, M=Na, K, Li.
8. according to claims 1 described water based fire suppressant, it is characterized in that: described tackifier are
xanthans, xanthan gum, cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose, modified starch or their mixture.