1PSYCHOLOGY 1 ONLINE

FINAL EXAMINATION NAME: Alan Patino

_____________

INSTRUCTIONS:

Please note the posted due date. Please follow the instructions and submit a single
file, no Pages files, name the file after yourself.

YOU ARE ENCOURAGED TO HELP EACH OTHER FIND ANSWERS. YOUR ESSAYS
SHOULD BE LONG ENOUGH TO SHOW ME YOU KNOW WHAT YOU ARE TALKING
ABOUT BUT AT ANY RATE AT LEAST ONE AND ONE HALF PAGES IN LENGTH, DOUBLE-
SPACED. EVIDENCE OF PLAGIARISM FROM OTHER STUDENTS OR WEBSITES WILL BE
CONSEQUENCED WITH A GRADE OF ZERO ON THIS EXAM. IF YOU CITE ANY OTHER
RESOURCE OR USE ANYONE ELSE’S IDEAS YOU SHOULD PROVIDE A PROPER
REFERENCE AT THE END OF YOUR ESSAY. AT LEAST THE NAME OF AUTHOR, WORK
TITLE, JOURNAL OR MAGAZINE NAME, AND URL IF TAKEN FROM A WEBSITE.

PART I: FILL-IN-THE-BLANK (WORTH 2 POINTS EACH, PLEASE DO ALL THE ITEMS.) WARNING:
DO NOT SIMPLY REPEAT THE WORDING OF THE QUESTION IN YOUR ANSWER. FOR EXAMPLE: IF
YOU WRITE “AROUSAL THEORY” OR “U-SHAPED THEORY” IN YOUR ANSWER FOR THE FIRST
QUESTION, YOU WILL EARN ZERO AND START OFF THE GRADING OF YOUR EXAM WITH ME IN A
PROFOUND STATE OF IRRITATION…

Please fill in the blanks. (2 point each) Do not send a

separate list of answers. I will not grade it.

Yerkes-Dodson’s Law
1. _________ is the hypothesis that task performance is
related to level of arousal (activation/anxiety) in an inverted
U-shaped function. There is an optimum level of arousal for
doing tasks.
lateral and medial
2. Damage to the ____________ region of the hypothalamus
shuts off essential drives such as hunger and thirst.

3. Whether an individual’s sexual and emotional attraction is

directed toward members of the same sex, members of the
opposite sex, or both sexes is called his or her
_________________________.
sexual orientation
4. According to Erikson’s theory, in middle childhood (ages 6-
12) a sense of competence corresponds to _industry________ and
feelings of inability and ineptitude correspond to ___inferiority_______.

5. You are trapped in the airport in St. Louis. Your late night
flight to the East Coast has been cancelled and you are stuck
emotion-focused coping
until morning. You would be best advised to use __________
strategies to cope with your predicament.

6. Piaget held that the ability to conserve mass and volume

is a characteristic sign that a child has entered the
____________
preoperational stage.

7. ____________
feeling threaten is an example of a hormone that plays a role
in the “fight-or-flight” response to stress.

8. Formal operational thought is characterized by the ability

to _______________________________
think logically and usually begins
_____________ according to Piaget.
adolescents age

9. Six year old Maggie can hide her mother’s shoes and
enjoy watching her look for them frantically. She can play a
trick like this because she has developed the theory of
________.
operational stage

10. Maslow believed that all people are born with a desire to
_______________;
self actualization that all people are fundamentally motivated
to achieve and make use of their full potential.

11. Lazarus proposed that the amount of stress a person

experiences associated with an event is a function of the
person’s __________________________.
daily hassles
testosterone
12. ___________ is the hormone that is present in mammals,
which produces male anatomical features.

13. The three stages of Seyle’s model of the physical

reaction to stress are _________,
alarm _________
resistance and _____________.
exhaustions
14. According to Freud, the __ego___ is the part of our
personalities that contains all our survival-oriented,
instinctual drives.

15. An example of a “former” mental illness (a human

behavior or state that was once considered a disorder and is
now no longer held to be such in the DSM-IV) is
_______________.
neurasthenia

16. “Behavior and feelings are heavily influenced by role and

status.” Name a social psychology study that provided
powerful evidence that this may be true:
soloman asch
_________________________.

17. A psychotherapist who utilizes the psychological

principles of Freud in his or her treatment planning is said to
have a(n) ___________________
nondirective orientation. THE ANSWER
“FREUDIAN” IS WORTH 0 POINTS. C’MON.

18. Kurt Lewin’s experiment provided evidence that the

personality of group members could be influenced by
______________.
each other

19. The 20th century psychiatrist (still alive) who proposed

that the notion of mental illness is merely a Sociocultural
“myth” is _______________.
thomas stephen

20.systemic
________________
desensitzaion is an example of a therapy for phobias
and anxiety that is based on principles of behaviorism and
especially classical conditioning.

21. A false or overvalued belief or system of such beliefs

that is characteristic of certain psychoses is called a
_________________.
delusion

22. This is a psychotic disorder that features hallucinations,

delusions, and gross disorganization of personality. It is
manageable with anti-psychotic drugs, therapy and other
psychosocial interventions ___________________.
schizophrenia
23. In the famous Pygmalion in the Classroom (Rosenthal)
experiment, the students who were arbitrarily labeled to
be high performing late bloomers excelled
because_____________________________________.
students were expected to be good and unleash their potential

24. Name a psychological scientist who proposes that there

are “universal” innate emotions that are recognizable by
facial expressions across all human cultures.
______________________
paul elkman Name one of those emotions.
____________.
surprise

25. Donette is a chronic liar but she always accuses

everyone else of not telling the truth. Donette is most
likely employing the defense mechanism known as
_______________.
projections

26. biological psychology is the branch of psychology that attempts to

describe sensory and perceptual processes
mathematically.

27. The school of psychology that focuses on the influence

of unconscious and instinctual processes on everyday life
is called the ______________________
Psychoanalysis school or perspective.

28. Your graduate student friend is studying how to

increase cooperation among members of small work
groups. She is most likely going to specialize in _________
social
psychology.

29. If grade point average goes down as number of days

absent increases, the correlation between GPA and
absences is described asnegative
___________.
correlations

30. In an experiment to test whether Prozac alleviates

symptoms of school phobia as measured by a scale of
phobic symptoms, the independent variable would be
______________.
symptoms of school phobia
Type your text
31. Name a structure that is located in the brainstem and
describe one of its functions __________.
medulla oblongata, controls body functions like
breathing, blood, and digestions
32. If a person suffers a viral infection that destroys part of
his or her hippocampus, we would expect that the person
would experience difficulties with _________________.
memories

33. Name one neurotransmitter and briefly describe its

influence on human behavior.
dopamine a neurotransmitter associated with feeling happiness

34. Name a likely behavioral change in a person who has

suffered massive damage to the frontal lobes of the
cerebral cortex
_______________________________________________.
personality change and difficulty concentrating

35. Rods operate best in _________

dim lights conditions, and cones
operate best in ____________.
heavy light

36. The technical name for the clusters of receptors on our

tongues is ___________________
caliculus gustatereuis

37. The _______________

rods is the photoreceptor that works
best in dim light or dark conditions.

38. The sense of ___________

identity is sometime subject to the
influence of mood, attention and contextual perception.

39. You have been asleep for about 20 minutes. Your EEG
readout shows theta waves with occasional bursts of
activity that look like the letter K or spindles of yarn. You
are in ___________
stage one, non REM sleep.

40. REM sleep is associated with the most vivid dreaming

and may also be important for ___________
memory according to
some researchers.
41. Name one of the (illegal or legal) psychoactive drugs
and the neurotransmitter(s) that it influences.
__________________________________________________________
cocaine, influences neurotransmitter called dopamine to the brain

42. ______________
addiction and _______________
substance abuse are two central
physical symptoms of substance dependence.

43. Your instructor has a crush on a man who wears

beautiful, expensive, tailored suits. Every time she sees a
man in a nice suit walking down the street, she thinks
about the object of her crush. The suit was a neutral
stimulus and now has become a ______________.
condition stimuli

44. A child whines and whines and whines and whines and
whines and whines and whines and whines and whines
and whines and whines and whines and whines until his
father buys him an ice cream cone. In terms of operant
conditioning, the parent’s ice cream buying behavior has
been ______________________
reinforced
by the termination of the
child’s whining.

45. With reference to number 19, the child’s whining has

been __________________
positively reinforced by the ice cream cone.

46. Your memories of the experiences you had registering

for this class and logging in for the first time would be
classified as the ____________
eposiodic type of long term memory.

47. _______________
working memory can be described as a conduit
for information that is going into and being accessed from
long-term memory.

48. When you are unhappy, you tend to have sad memories
more readily than happy ones. This is called
________________
flashbulb of memory.
49. Your new partner just walked out on you because you
called her/him by the name of your ex. This is an example
of the tragic consequences of a type of forgetting known
as ________________.
proactive interference

50. If the concepts are “furniture” and “flower” a chair and

a rose would be examples of ________________.
prototype An
ottoman or a flamingo would be considered atypical.

ESSAYS BEGIN ON NEXT PAGE

PART II: Essay Questions

Please do 2 out of the 15 options. This is worth 50 (25 each)

points each and so should the essays should each be
substantive pieces of writing (about 1.5-2 pages double-
spaced.).
1. Using examples from ONE of the following topics –

Lifespan Psychosocial Development

Motivation
Stress
Psychopathology (Mental Illness)
 Language

Discuss the interaction and contributions of nature

(genes/biology/evolution) and nurture (environment).

2. Using concepts related to non-verbal cognitive, biological,

and language development, describe the process of how
we learn to think.

3. Define motivation in terms of its most important

components. Describe 2 theories of motivation.

4. Discuss hunger in terms of internal and external

influences. Describe the possible evolutionary and
societal contributions to America’s current difficulties with
obesity and eating disorders. Why is dieting a waste of
time and so potentially harmful? Describe a realistic
program for obtaining and maintaining a healthy (as
opposed to mythical ideal) weight.

5. Melucci says - “The social world is partly in our heads, and

what goes on in our heads influences our social selves.”
To which aspects of social psychology is she referring?

6. Compare and contrast two of the following personality

theories AND any associated psychotherapeutic
techniques:

Psychoanalytic
Trait theory
Post-Freudian
Humanistic
Social Learning/Cognitive
Self

7.
“You only use 10% of your brain.”
“People tend to be either ‘right-brained’ or ‘left-
brained’”
 “Playing classical music for babies and young
children makes them get smarter!”

Above are listed three of many “brain myths” that people

in America have latched onto and not questioned. Imagine
that a friend of yours has made one of these statements
to you. How would you respond to this statement?
Describe some of the facts and concepts that you have
learned in your Psychology 1 tour of the amazing brain,
nervous system, and sensory/perceptual processes.

8. Describe the human sleep cycle and the brain structures

and processes that influence it. Also describe two
scientific hypotheses about the nature and purpose of
REM sleep and dreaming.

9. Describe two well known methods for assessing

personality, and also discuss some of the serious
problems involved in making such assessments.

10. Describe two (2) of the following classic social

psychology experiments:

Stanford Prison Experiment

Festinger’s Cognitive Dissonance Experiment
Asch’s Conformity Study
Milgram’s Obedience to Authority experiment
Langer’s ROTC Pilot Experiment
Lewin’s study of Leadership styles
“Pygmalion in the Classroom” (Rosenthal & Jacobson)
The Riceville, Iowa Prejudice Experiment (“Brown Eyes/Blue
Eyes” - Jane Elliot)

Be sure to describe the results and what these results

suggest about human behavior.
11. Define and differentiate between stereotyping, prejudice
and discrimination. How does prejudice influence social
behavior?

12. Summarize and evaluate the view that mental illness is,
at least in part, a cultural phenomenon based on the
evidence presented by the instructor and in your textbook.

13. Describe what is known about one of the Axis I or Axis II

mental illnesses that is currently diagnosed and treated in
our society. What are the symptoms and the prognosis on
the person’s ability to return to a “normal” life? What are the
most successful treatments available to date?

14. Describe the theories of Bandura and Skinner on how

humans learn. Propose 3 ways for parents and teachers to
use these theories to help to raise children with good
characters.

15. Describe some of the influences and factors that

contribute to the fallibility of human memory. Name one
question that you would want to ask a memory expert about
how to improve declarative or explicit memory.

EXTRA CREDIT OPTION

Worth 10 points – please give it a try! YOU MAY DO BOTH IF

YOU WISH.

A. Now that you have been enlightened in the whys and

ways of human behavior, recall a time when you were faced
with a challenging personal situation. How has what you
have learned in this class helped you to understand that
situation more clearly?

OR
B. Discuss how well the concepts and theories of human
development, which we have just learned about, describe
your own experiences or those of people you know well?
Give ONE specific example of an event or trend in your own
or someone else’s life that illustrates how the concept/theory
fits or fails to explain the experience.

Thank you for taking this class. I hope you found it

interesting and useful. Thank you for your hard work. Good
luck with your spring term!