University

of Santo Tomas
Faculty of Civil Law
Remedial Law Department

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

Course description: A study of Rules 110 to 127 of the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure
including the Revised Guidelines for Continuous Trial of Criminal Cases (A.M. No. 15-06-10-SC) and
applicable jurisprudence. The course covers jurisdiction of courts and the procedure in criminal
cases, particularly the prosecution of criminal offenses, filing of criminal complaints, arrest of a
suspect, searches and seizures including the Rule on Cybercrime Warrants (A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC),
rights of the accused, modes of review and remedies available in case of adverse judgment and the
effects of convictions.

A. General Matters
1. Criminal jurisdiction
a. People v. Mariano, 71 SCRA 600
2. Distinguish jurisdiction over subject matter from jurisdiction over person of the
accused
3. Jurisdiction of criminal courts
a. Eileen P. David v. Glenda S. Marquez, G.R. No. 209859, June 5, 2017
4. When injunction may be issued to restrain criminal prosecution
B. Prosecution of offenses
1. Criminal actions, how instituted
2. Effect of the institution of the criminal action on the prescriptive period
a. People v. Bautista, G.R. No. 168641, April 27, 2007
b. Zaldivia v. Reyes, 211 SCRA 277
c. Sanrio Company Ltd. v. Lim, G.R. No. 168662, February 19, 2008
d. Panaguiton, Jr. v. DOJ, G.R. No. 167571, November 25, 2008
e. SEC v. Interport Resources Corp., G.R. No. 135808, October 6, 2008
f. Disini v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 169823-24, September 11, 2013
g. People v. Pangilinan, G.R. No. 152662, June 13, 2012
3. Who may file them, crimes that cannot be prosecuted de officio
4. Criminal actions, when enjoined
5. Control of prosecution
a. Chua v. Padillo, G.R. No. 163797, April 24, 2007
b. Bureau of Customs v. Peter Sherman, et al., G.R. No. 190487, April 13, 2011
6. Complaint and Information
a. People v. Cinco, G.R. No. 186460, December 4, 2009
b. Estudillo v. Baloma, 426 SCRA 83
7. Sufficiency of complaint or information
a. Cudia v. CA, 284 SCRA 173
b. Girlie M. Quinsay v. People, G.R. No. 216920,January 13, 2016
c. People v. Danilo Feliciano, Jr., et al., G.R. No. 196735, May 5, 2014
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d. People v. Canares, G.R. No. 174065, February 18, 2009

e. People v. Garcia, G.R. No. 159450, March 30, 2011
f. Lazarte, Jr. v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 180122, March 13, 2009
g. John Labsky Maximo and Robert Panganiban v. Francisco Villapando, Jr., G.R. No.
214925 & 214965, April 26, 2017
8. Date of commission of the offense
a. People v. Teodoro, G.R. No. 172372, December 4, 2009
b. People v. Delfin, G.R. No. 201572, July 9, 2014 citing People v. Opemia, 98 Phil
698
9. Designation of offense
a. People v. Anguac, G.R. No. 176744, June 5, 2009
b. People v. Quemeggen, G.R. No. 178205, July 27, 2009
c. Matrido v. People, G.R. No. 179061, July 13, 2009
d. Malto v. People, G.R. No. 164733, September 21, 2007
e. People v. Bernabe Pareja, G.R. No. 202122, January 15, 2014
f. People v. Guillermo Lomaque, G.R. No.. 189297, June 5, 2013
10. Name of the accused
a. People v. Amodia, G.R. NO. 173791, April 7, 2009
11. Qualifying and aggravating circumstances
a. People v. Mendoza, G.R. Nos. 132923-24, June 6, 2002
b. People v. Tampus, et al., G.R. No. 181084, June 16, 2009
c. People v. Alfredo, G.R. No. 188560, December 15, 2010
12. Amendment and Substitution of complaint or information
a. Matalam v. Sandiganbayan, 455 SCRA 736
b. Ricarze v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 160451, February 9, 2007
c. Pacoy v. Judge Cajigal, G.R. No. 157472, September 28, 2007
13. Duplicity of the offense
a. People v. Chingh, G.R. No. 178323, March 16, 2011
14. Venue of criminal actions
a. Foz, Jr. v. People, G.R. No. 167764, October 9, 2009
b. Mary Rose Boto v. Senior Assistant City Prosecutor Villena, A.C. No. 9684,
September 18, 2013
c. Hector Trenas v. People, G.R.No. 195002, January 25, 2012
15. Intervention of offended party
a. Lee Pue Liong v. Chua Pue Chin Lee, 703 SCRA 240
C. Prosecution of civil action
1. Rule on implied institution of civil action with criminal action
a. Ricarze v. Court of Appeals, supra
b. Cruz v. Mina, G.R. No. 154207, April 27, 2007
c. Hun Hyung Park v. Eun Wong Choi, G.R. No. 165496, February 12, 2007
2. Independent civil actions
a. Philippine Rabbit Bus Lines, Inc. v. People, G.R. No. 147703, April 14, 2004
b. Jona Bumatay v. Lolita Bumatay, G.R. No. 191320, April 25, 2017
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3. When separate civil action is suspended

a. Gandiongco v. Penaranda, 155 SCRA 725
4. No reservation of civil action in BP Blg 22
a. Lo Bun Tiong v. Balboa, G.R.No. 158177, January 28, 2008
5. Effect of death of the accused or convict on civil action
a. People v. Bayotas, G.R. No. 102007, September 2, 1994
b. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. v. Ombudsman, G.R. No. 133347, October 15, 2008
c. People v. Marcelino Dadao, et al., G.R. No. 201860, January 22, 2014
6. Prejudicial Question
a. San Miguel Properties, Inc. v. Sec. Hernando Perez, et al., G.R. No. 166836,
September 4, 2013
b. Renato S. Domingo on his own behalf and on behalf of his co-heirs of the Late
Sps. Domingo v. Sps. Engracia and Manuel Singson, G.R. No. 203287 and 207936,
April 5, 2017
c. Teodoro Reyes v. Ettori Rossi, G.R. No. 159823, February 18, 2013
d. Omictin v. CA, 512 SCRA 70
e. Sy Thiong Siou v. Sy Chim, G.R. No. 174168, March 30, 2009
f. Pimentel v. Pimentel, G.R. No. 172060, September 13, 2010
g. Magestrado v. People, G.R. No. 148072, July 10, 2009
h. Yap v. Paras, 205 SCRA 625
7. Rule on filling fees in civil action deemed instituted with the criminal action
a. Honesto General v. Hon. Graduacion Reyes Claravall, et al., 195 SCRA 623
8. Effect of acquittal or extinguishment of criminal action on the civil liability
a. Lee Pue Liong v. Chua Pue Chin Lee, supra
b. People v. Gilbert Reyes Wagas, G.R. No. 157943, September 4, 2013
c. Ching v. Nicdao, 522 SCRA 316
D. Preliminary investigation
1. Nature of right
a. Marinas v. Siochi, 104 SCRA 423
b. Ong v. Sandiganbayan, 470 SCRA 7
c. Go v. CA, 206 SCRA 138
d. Sen. Jinggoy Estrada v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 212140-41, January
21, 2015
2. Nature and Purpose of preliminary investigation
a. Manebo v. Acosta, G.R. No. 169554, October 28, 2009
b. PINSP Ariel S. Artillero v. Orlando Casimiro, etc., et al., G.R. No. 190569, April 25,
2012
c. Bautista v. CA, G.R. No. 143375, July 6, 2001
d. Balanguan v. CA, G.R. No. 174350
e. Atty. Allan S. Hilbero, Petitioner, vs. Florencio A. Morales, Jr., Respondent.
G.R. No. 198760, January 11, 2017
3. Probable cause
a. Manebo v. Acosta, supra
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b. Kalalo v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 158189, April 23, 2010
c. Iris Kristine Balois Alberto v. CA, G.R. No. 182130, June 19, 2013
d. PCI Lawrence Cajipe, et al. , G.R. No. 203605, April 23, 2014
e. Cruz v. Hon. Gonzales, et al., G.R. No. 173844, April 11, 2012
f. Century Chinese Medicine Co., et al. v. People, et al., G.R. No. 188526, November
22, 2013
g. People v. Castillo, G.R. No. 171188, June 19, 2009
h. Webb v. de Leon, 247 SCRA 652
i. Robertson Chiang, Nikkia Chiang, Mara Chiang, Ben Javellana and
Carmelita Tuason vs Philippine Long Distance Company
G.R. No. 196679, December 13, 2017

a. Who may conduct determination of existence of probable cause
a. Meralco v. Atilano, et al., G.R. No. 166758, June 27, 2012
b. Alfredo Romulo Busuego v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 196842, October
9, 2013
b. Resolution of investigating prosecutor
a. Girlie M. Quisay v. People, G.R. No. 216920, January 13, 2016
b. Heirs of Teodora Loyola, represented herein by Zosimo L. Mendoza, Sr.,
Petitioners vs. Court of Appeals And Alicia R. Loyola, Respondent
G.R. No. 188658, January 11, 2017
c. Non-interference of the court in finding probable cause by prosecutor; exceptions
a. Personal Collection Direct Selling, Inc. vs Teresita Carandang
G.R. No. 206958, November 08, 2017
b. Cruz v. Hon. Gonales, et al., supra
c. Iris Kristine Balois Alberto v. CA, supra
d. Rosalinda Punzalan v. Michael Plata, G.R.No. 160316, September 2, 2013
e. People v. Marcelino Dadao, et al., G.R. No. 201860, January 22, 2014
f. PCGG v. Reiner Jacobi, et al., G.R. No. 155996, June 27, 2012
g. Liza L. Maza, Saturnino C. Ocampo, Teodoro A. Casino, And Rafael V. Mariano,
Petitioners vs. Hon. Evelyn A. Turla, in her capacity as Presiding Judge of
Regional Trial Court of Palayan City, Regional Trial Court of Palayan City, in his
capacity as Officer-in-Charge Provincial Prosecutor, Antonio Ll. Lapus, Jr., Edison
V. Rafanan, and Eddie C. Gutierrez, in their capacity as members of the panel of
investigating prosecutors, and Raul M. Gonzalez, in his capacity as Secretary of
Justice, Respondents, G.R. No. 187094, February 15, 2017
d. Right to bail pending preliminary investigation
a. Ruiz v.Beldia, Jr., 451 SCRA 402
e. Inquest proceedings
a. Crispin Beltran v. People, et al., G.R. No. 175013, June 1, 2007
f. Effect of absence of preliminary investigation
a. Budiongan, Jr. v. De La Cruz, Jr., 502 SCRA 626
E. Arrest
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1. Arrest, how made

a. Office of the Court Administrator v. Hon. Tormis, AM No. MTJ-12-1817, March
12, 2013
2. Requisites for the issuance of a warrant of arrest
a. Tabujara III v. People, G.R. No. 175162, October 29, 2008
b. People v. Tan, G.R. No. 182310, December 9, 2009
c. Webb v. de Leon, 247 SCRA 653
d. Soliven v. Makasiar, 167 SCRA 293
e. Borlongan v. Pena, G.R. No. 143591, May 5, 2010
f. De Los Santos-Dio v. CA, G.R. No. 178947, June 26, 2013
3. Arrest without warrant, when lawful
a. People v. Ng Yik bun, et al., G.R. NO. 180452, January 10, 2010
b. People v. Racho, G.R. No. 186529, August 3, 2010
c. People v. Alunday, G.R. No. 181546, September 3, 2008
d. People v. Aminnudin, 163 SCRA 402
e. People v. Mengote, 210 SCRA 174
f. People v. Agojo, G.R. No. 181318, April 16, 2009
g. Abelita v. Doria, G.R. No. 170672, August 14, 2009
4. Method of arrest (By officer with warrant, By officer without warrant, By private
person)
a. People v. Jose Rayray Areola, 241 SCRA 1
5. Waiver of objection on the irregularity of arrest
a. People v. Roberto Velasco, G.R. No. 190318, November 27, 2013
b. Rodrigo Rontos v. People, G.R. No. 188024, June 5, 2013
F. Search and seizure
1. Nature of search warrant
a. United Laboratories, Inc. v. Isip, 461 SCRA 574
b. Skechers, USA v. Inter Pacific Industrial Trading Corp., 509 SCRA 395
2. Distinguish from warrant of arrest
a. Borlongan v. Pena, G.R.No. 143591, May 5, 2010
b. Santos v. Pryce Gases, G.R. No. 165122, November 23, 2007
3. Requisites for the issuance of search warrant
a. Santos v. Pryce gases, supra
b. People v. Tuan, G.R. No. 176066, August 11, 2010
4. Probable cause in search warrant
a. Kho v. Lanzanas, 489 SCRA 445
b. Skechers, USA, Inc. v. Inter Pacific Industrial Trading Corp., supra
5. Personal examination conducted by the judge
a. Roan v. Gonzales, 145 SCRA 687
b. Balayon v. Dinopol, 490 SCRA 547
c. Yao, Sr. v. People, G.R. No. 168306, June 19, 2007
6. Particularity of place to be searched and things to be seized
a. Yao, Sr. v. People, G.R. No. 168306, supra
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b. Quelnan v. People, 526 SCRA 653, July 6, 2007

c. Uy v. BIR, 344 SCRA 36
d. Stonehill v. Diokno, 20 SCRA 383
e. Kho v.Makalintal, 306 SCRA 70
f. People v. Tee, 395 SCRA 419
7. Extent of the search
a. People v. CA, 291 SCRA 400
8. Exceptions to search warrant requirement
a. Search incidental to lawful arrest
- People v. Racho, G.R. No. 186529, August 3, 2010
- Ambre v. People, G.R. No. 191532, August 15, 2012
- Valeroso v. CA, G.R. No. 164815, September 3, 2009
b. Search of moving vehicles
- People v. Tuazon, 532 SCRA 152, September 3, 2007
c. Search of a passenger bus
- Saluday v. People, G.R. No. 215305, April 3, 2018
d. Check points
- People v. Vinecario, G.R. No. 141137, January 20, 2004
- Abenes v. CA, G.R.No. 156320, February 14, 2007
e. Airport frisking
- People v. Hadji Socor Cadidia, G.R.No. 191263, October 16, 2013
f. Buy bust operations
- People v. Araneta, G.R. No. 191064, October 20, 2010
g. Plain view
- Elenita C. Fajardo v. People, G.R. No. 190889, January 10, 2011
h. Stop and frisk (Terry searches)
- Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1
- Esquillo v. People, G.R. No. 182010, August 25, 2010
- Malacat v. CA, 283 SCRA 159
- People v. Chua, 396 SCRA 657
i. Consented searches
- Luz v. People, G.R. No. 197788, February 29, 2012
- People v. Nuevas, 516 SCRA 463, February 22, 2007
9. Effect of an illegal search and seizure
a. Stonehill v. Diokno, 20 SCRA 383
10. Quashing a search warrant
a. World Wide Web Corp. v. People, G.R. No. 161106, January 13, 2014
11. Rule on Cybercrime Warrants (A.M. No. 17-11-03-SC)
12. Rule on Administrative Search and Inspection under The Philippine Competition Act
(A.M. No. 19-08-06-SC)
G. Bail
1. Nature
a. People v. Manallo, 400 SCRA 129
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b. Paderanga v. CA, 247 SCRA 741

2. Applicant for bail must be in custody
a. Docena-Caspe v. Bagtas, 400 SCRA 37
b. Serapio v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 148468, January 28, 2003
3. When a matter of right; exceptions
a. San Miguel v. Maceda, 520 SCRA 205
b. Commendador v. Villa, G.R. No. 93177, August 2, 1991
4. When a matter of discretion
a. Zuno v. Cabebe, 444 SCRA 382
b. Jose Antonio Leviste v. CA, et al., G.R. No. 189122, March 17, 2010
5. Application for bail in capital offenses
a. Narciso v. Santa Romana-Cruz, 328 SCRA 505
b. Goodman v. De La Victoria, 325 SCRA 658
c. Cortes v. Catral, 279 SCRA 1
d. People v. Bon, G.R. No. 166401, October 30, 2006
e. People v. Sandiganbayan, 529 SCRA 764
f. Juan Ponce Enrile v. Sandiganbayan, et al., G.R.No. 213847, August 15, 2015
6. Guidelines in fixing amount of bail
a. Villasenor v. Abano, 21 SCRA 312
b. San Miguel v. Maceda, 520 SCRA 205
7. Remedy when bail denied
a. People v. Gomez, 325 SCRA 61
8. Forfeiture of bail
a. Mendoza v. Alarma, G.R. No. 151970, May 7, 2008
9. Application for bail not a bar to objections on the illegality of arrest
a. Borlongan v. Pena, G.R. No. 143591, May 5, 2010

10. Prosecutor Ivy A. Tejano v. Presiding Judge Antonio D. Marigomen and Utility
Worker Emeliano C. Camay, Jr., A.M. No. RTJ-17-2492 [Formerly OCA IPI No. 13-
4103-RTJ], September 26, 2017
H. Rights of the accused
1. Rights of accused at the trial
a. People v. Sy, G.R. No. 185284, June 22, 2009
b. People v. Lagarde, G.R. No. 182549, January 20, 2009
c. People v. Anonas, G.R. NO. 156847, January 21, 2007
d. Danilo Ursua v. Republic, G.R. No. 178193, January 24, 2010
e. Hilario v. People, G.R. No. 161070, April 14, 2008
f. Lumanog, et al. v. People, G.R. No. 182555, September 7, 2010
g. People v. Del Castillo, 439 SCRA 601
h. Perez v. People, G.R. No. 164763, February 12, 2008
i. Ombudsman v. Jurado, G.R. No. 154155, August 6, 2008
j. People v. Besonia, 422 SCRA 210
k. People v. Olvis, G.R. No. 71092, September 30, 1987
l. Marcelo v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 10924, January 26, 1999
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m. People v. Ortillas, 428 SCRA 659

2. Rights of the persons under custodial investigation
a. People v. Sunga, 399 SCRA 624
b. People v. Rapeza, 520 SCRA 596
c. People v. Tolentino, 423 SCRA 448
d. People v. Del Castillo, 439 SCRA 601
e. People v. Jonas Guillen, G.R. No. 191756, November 25, 2013
f. Carlos Tanengge v. People, G.R. NO. 179448, June 26, 2013
I. Arraignment and plea
1. Purpose
a. Estrella Taglay v. Judge Marivic Daray, G.R. No. 164258, August 22, 2012
b. People v. Pangilinan, 518 SCRA 358
2. Arraignment and plea
a. Gamas v. Oco, 425 SCRA 588
b. People v. Jalbuena, 526 SCRA 500
c. People v. Pua, 415 SCRA 540
3. When my accused enter a plea of guilty to a lesser offense
a. Estipona v. Lobrigo, G.R. No. 226679, August 15, 2017
b. Sayre v. Xenos, G.R. No. 244413 & 244414-16, February 18, 2020
c. Daan v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 163972-77, March 28, 2008
d. People v. Magat, G.R. No. 130026, May 31, 2000
4. Accused pleads guilty to capital offense
a. People v. Oden, 427 SCRA 634
b. People v. Halil Gambao, et al., G.R. NO. 172707, October 1, 2013
c. People v. Gumimba, 517 SCRA 25
d. People v. Francisco, G.R. No. 192818, November 17, 2010
5. Plea of guilty to a non-capital offense
a. People v. Madraga, 334 SCRA 628
6. Bill of particulars
a. Juan Ponce Enrile v. People, et al., G.R. No. 213455, August 11, 2015
7. Suspension of arraignment
a. Spouses Alexander Trinidad v. Victor Ang, G.R. No. 192898, January 31, 2011
J. Motion to quash
1. Grounds
a. People v. Edgardo Odtuhan, G.R. NO. 191566, July 17, 2013
b. Lazarte v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 180122, March 13, 2009
c. People v. Salazar, G.R. No. 181900, October 20, 2010
d. People v. Sandiganbayan, 439 SCRA 390
e. Soriano v. People, G.R. Nos. 159517-18, June 30, 2009
f. Rodis v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 71404-09, October 26, 1988
2. Double jeopardy
a. Garcia v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 170122, October 12, 2009
b. PNB v. Lilian Soriano, G.R. No. 164051, October 3, 2012
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c. People v. Hon. Sandiganbayan, et al., G.R. No. 173396, September 22, 2010
d. People v. Nazareno, G.R. No. 168982, August 5, 2009
3. Provisional dismissal
a. People v. Lacson, G.R. No. 149453, April 1, 2003
b. Ariel Los Baos v. Joel Pedro, G.R. No. 173588, April 22, 2009
K. Pre-trial
1. Pre-trial agreement
2. Non-appearance at pre-trial conference
3. Pre-trial order
4. Court Annexed Mediation
5. Judicial Dispute Resolution
L. Trial
1. Trial in absentia
a. Bernardo v. People, 520 SCRA 332
2. Remedy when accused is not brought to trial within the prescribed period
3. Conditional examination of witness for the prosecution/defense
a. Harry L. Go, et al. v. People, G.R. No. 185527, July 18, 2012
4. Requisites for discharge of accused as state witness
a. Salvanera v. People, 523 SCRA 147, June 21, 2007
b. People v. Hon. Sandiganbayan, et al., G.R. Nos. 185729-32, June 26, 2013
5. Demurrer to evidence
a. Asistio v. People, April 20, 2015
b. Gregorio Singian, Jr. v. Sandiganbayan 3rd Division, G.R. No. 195011-19,
September 30, 2013
c. People v. Tolentino, 546 SCRA 671, February 26, 2008
d. People v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 164577, July 5, 2010
6. Guidelines on the Conduct of Videoconferencing (A.M. No. 21-12-01-SC)
M. Judgment
1. Requisites of a valid judgment
2. Rule if accused fails to appear in the promulgation of judgment
a. People v. Joven de Grano, et al., G.R. No. 167710, June 5, 2009
3. Promulgation of judgment; instances of promulgation of judgment
in absentia
a. Marino Icdang v. Sandiganbayan, et al., G.R. No. 185960, January 25, 2012
b. Loida M. Javier vs. Pepito Gonzales, G.R. No. 193150, January 23, 2017
N. New trial or reconsideration
1. Grounds
a. Estino, et al. v. People, G.R. Nos. 163967-58, April 7, 2009
b. Briones v. People, G.R. No. 156009, June 5, 2009
O. Appeal
1. Appeal not a natural right
a. Estarija v. People, G.R. No. 173990, October 27, 2009
b. Hilario v. People, G.R. No. 161070, April 14, 2008
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2. Who may appeal

a. Philippine Rabbit v. People, 427 SCRA 456
b. Heirs of Sarah Marie Palma Burgos v. CA, G.R. No. 169711, February 8, 2010
3. Where to appeal
a. People v. Val de los Reyes, G.R. Nos. 130714 & 139634, October 16, 2012
4. Effect of appeal
a. Guy v. People, G.R. Nos. 166794-96, March 20, 2009
b. People v. Michael Lindo, G.R. No. 189818, August 9, 2010
c. Arnold James Ysidoro v. Hon. Teresita Leonardo-de Castro, et al., G.R. No.
171513, February 6, 2012
5. Effect of appeal by any of several accused
a. People v. Gandia, G.R. NO. 175332, February 6, 2008
b. Garces v. People, 527 SCRA 827
6. Appeal from the civil aspect
a. Ching v. Nicdao, 522 SCRA 316
7. Neypes rule applies to appeals in criminal cases
a. Judith Yu v. Samson-Tatad, G.R. No. 170179, February 9, 2011
8. Grounds of dismissal of appeal
P. Provisional Remedies in Criminal Cases
1. Hold-departure order
2. Precautionary Hold-departure Order (A.M. No. 18-07-05-SC)