1.

Discuss briefly the contributions of Ehrlich, Jerne and Burnet each in the discovery of the clonal
selection theory of antibody formation.

2. Discuss briefly the image below based on the terms given in the picture.

3. Differentiate immunoglobulin classes in terms of structure and function.

4. Monocytes and macrophages play a major role in the mononuclear phagocytic system. For an antibody-
coated antigen to be phagocytized, what part of the antibody molecule fits into a receptor on the
phagocytic cell? Explain your answer.

5. Which of the following is more likely to be diagnostic of an acute infection?

A. A total acute antibody liter of 2 followed by a convalescent titer of 16
B. A total acute antibody titer of 80 followed by a convalescent titer of 40
C. A total antibody titer of 80
D. An IgG antibody titer of 80
Explain your answer.

6. What is the importance of using papain and pepsin in cleaving antibody and what are the
advantages/clinical use of antibody fragments produced?

7. What are the factors that affect antigen-antibody interaction and how do they affect formation of
immune complexes in laboratory testing? Include ways to improve antigen-antibody interaction in
cases of negative effect of factors you have mentioned.