Introduction to networks

Short Answer Questions

1. Define a network. What is its need?

Answer: A network is an interconnected collection of autonomous

computers that can share and exchange information.

Need for networking:

(a) Resource sharing: Resources are shared by all computers over
the network for effective utilization.
(b) File sharing: A file in a network can be accessed from anywhere.

2. In networking, what is WAN? How is it different from LAN?

Answer: Internet is an example of WAN (Wide Area Network). Most

WANs exist to connect LANs that are not in the same geographical
area. WAN is different from LAN due to its network range. WAN is for
connecting computers anywhere in the world without any
geographical limitation whereas LAN is confined within a range of
100m to 500m

3. Differentiate Communication and Transmission?

Answer: Through Transmission the data gets transferred from

source to destination (only one way). It is treated as the physical
movement of data.
Communication means the process of sending and receiving data
between two media (data is transferred between source and
destination in both ways).

4. Define Piggybacking?

Answer: In data transmission, if the sender sends any data frame to

the receiver then the receiver should send the acknowledgment to
the sender. The receiver will temporarily delay (waits for the network
layer to send the next data packet) the acknowledgment and hooks it
to the next outgoing data frame, this process is called Piggybacking.
 Network Topologies

Short Answer Questions

1. What is Network Topology?

Answer: Network topology is a physical layout of the computer

network and it defines how the computers, devices, cables, etc are
connected to each other.

2. Give one advantage of bus topology of network. Also state

how four computers can be connected with each other using
star topology of network.

Answer: In bus topology, the workstations can easily be extended or

removed. In star topology, four computers can be connected with
each other through a server

Network Devices

Short Answer Questions

1. What is NIC?

Answer: NIC is short for Network Interface Card. This is a peripheral

card that is attached to a PC in order to connect to a network. Every
NIC has its own MAC address that identifies the PC on the network.

2. How can you manage a network using a router?

Answer: Routers have a built-in console that lets you configure

different settings, like security and data logging. You can assign
restrictions to computers, such as what resources it is allowed access
or what particular time of the day, they can browse the Internet. You
can even put restrictions on what websites are not viewable across
the entire network.

3. You need to connect two computers for file sharing. Is it

possible to do this without using a hub or a router?

Answer: Yes, you can connect two computers, using only one cable.
A crossover type cable can be used in this scenario. In this setup, the
data transmit pin of one cable is connected to the data receive pin of
the other cable, and vice versa.
4. How can you fix signal attenuation problems?

Answer: A common way of dealing with such a problem is to use

repeaters and hubs because it will help regenerate the signal and
therefore prevent signal loss. Checking if cables are properly
terminated is also a must.

Introduction to Internet

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the difference between the Internet and Intranet?

Answer: The terminologies Internet, Intranet, and Extranet are used

to define how the applications in the network can be accessed. They
use similar TCP/IP technology but differ in terms of access levels for
each user inside the network and outside the network.

Internet: Applications are accessed by anyone from any

location using the web.
Intranet: It allows limited access to users in the same
organization.

2. What is the difference between internet and web.

Answer: The Internet is a technical infrastructure which allows

billions of computers to be connected all together while web is the
service that works on top of it.

3. What is an Internet Service Provider (ISP)?

Answer: An ISP is a company that manages some special routers

that are all linked together and can also access other ISPs' routers. So
the message from our network is carried through the network of ISP
networks to the destination network.

Web Browsers
1. What Are Http And Https?
Answer : HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used to
send data over the internet. HTTPS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
Secure) is extension of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It is used for
secure communication over a computer network, usually by
encrypting data.
2. What Is Hyperlink?
Answer : In computing, a hyperlink (or link) is a reference to a
document that the reader can directly follow, or that is followed
automatically. The reference points to a whole document or to a
specific element within a document.

3. How do I make sure my browser isn’t rejecting cookies?

Answer: Check your web browser’s Help option for instructions on
turning cookies off or on, usually found under the Privacy or Security
headings.

Website

Short Answer Questions

1. What is web hosting?
Answer: Web hosting is a means of hosting web server applications
on a computer system through which electronic content on the
internet is readily available to any web-browser client.

2. Define web browser and web server.

Answer: Web Browser: A web browser is a software which is used for
displaying the content on web page(s). It is used by the client to view
websites. Examples of web browser—Google Chrome, Firefox,
Internet Explorer, Safari, Opera, etc. Web Server: A web server is a
software which entertains the request(s) made by a web browser. A
web server has different ports to handle different requests from web
browser, like generally FTP request is handled at Port 110 and HTTP
request is handled at Port 80. Example of web server is Apache.