FLUID MECHANICS

Fieldwork 03

Question 01

a). What are the three conditions in which a solid body can be in equilibrium. [6]

b). Define the term metacentre and show how the stability of the floating body depends upon the
position of the metacentre and the centre of gravity. [4]

c). Calculate the pressure, temperature and density of the atmosphere at an altitude of 1200m if at
zero altitude the temperature is 15ºC and the pressure 101kN/m2. Assume that conditions are
adiabatic (ϒ = 1.4) and R = 287J/kg/K. [10]

Question 02

a). A trapezoidal opening in the vertical wall of a tank is closed by a flat plate which is hinged at its
upper edge (Figure Q2). The plate is symmetrical about its centreline and is 1.5 m deep. Its upper
edge is 2.7 m long and its lower edge is 1.2 m long. The free surface of the water in the tank stands
1.1 m above the upper edge of the plate. Calculate the moment about the hinge line required to
keep the plate closed. [20]

Figure Q2

Question 03

A jet of water from a nozzle is deflected through an angle θ = 60° from its original direction by a
curved vane which it enters tangentially (Figure Q3) without shock with a mean velocity C1 of 30 m/s
and leaves with a mean velocity C2 of 25 m/s. If the discharge A from the nozzle is 0.8 kg/s, calculate
the magnitude and direction of the resultant force on the vane if the vane is stationary. [20]
Question 04

a). Water flows through the branching pipe shown in Figure Q4. If viscous effects are negligible,
determine the pressure at section 2 and section 3. [12]

b). Derive Bernoulli’s equation. [8]