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‫ﺝ! اول ا‬ ‫ﺝ! ا!هة‬

‫ﺹ‪C‬ح ي ‪-‬‬ ‫‪ 0#‬ا> ا=‪ 0#‬‬

‫رس  ا‪;-0‬ث واراﺱ!ت ا‪8‬ﺡ‪7!.‬‬ ‫
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‫‪1‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا‪,‬ول‪ :‬ـــــــ‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪ 1-1‬ﺕ‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪ 2-1‬ا‪,‬هاف ا‪' 

7‬وع‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪ 3-1‬اﺱ اﺕ ا'وع‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪ 4-1‬ا‪!L8‬ر ا‪!6‬ه ‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪ O  5-1‬اراﺱ وأدوات ا

‪N‬‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا‪!P‬ﻥ ‪ :‬اﺱ اﺕ ﺕ‪ -‬ا‪!0‬ﻥ!ت‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪ 1-2‬‬

‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪ 2-2‬ا);ات ا‪8‬ﺝا‪ -  7‬ا‪!0‬ﻥ!ت‬

‫‪27‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا‪ :Q!P‬ا ی‪0! U‬ﻥ!‪ T‬وإدﺥ!ل ا‪!0‬ﻥ!ت‬

‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪ 1-3‬ا ف ‪ V#‬ﻥ!‪SPSS T‬‬

‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪ 2-3‬ﺕــــــــی‪ U‬ا ‪W‬ـــــــــات‬

‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪ 3-3‬إدﺥـــــــــــــــ!ل ا‪!0‬ﻥـــــ!ت‬

‫‪45‬‬ ‫‪ 4-3‬إدراج وﺡ‪X‬ف ا‪$!-‬ت وا ‪W‬ات‬

‫‪47‬‬ ‫‪ 5-3‬ﺡ‪6 Z6‬ـــ!ت ا‪0‬ــــــــ!ﻥ!ت‬

‫
‬
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;یـــــــــــ!ت اـــــــ!س‬6-3

57 ‫!ﻥـــ!ت‬0‫ !ـــــ ا‬:O‫ اا‬.6‫ا‬

Data Manipulation
58 Errors in data Entry ‫!ﻥ!ت‬0‫ﺥ)!ء  إدﺥ!ل ا‬,‫ ا‬1-4

61 Testing of Normality ‫!ﻥ!ت‬0‫ ا ا‬#‫!ر إ‬0 ‫ اﺥ‬2-4

69 Variable Transformation ‫ات‬W ‫;ی ا‬-‫ ﺕ‬3-4

72 Data Transformation ‫!ﻥ!ت‬0‫;ی ا‬-‫ ﺕ‬4-4

77 Data selection ‫!ﻥ!ت‬0‫ اﺥ !ر ا‬5-4

78 Sort Data ‫!ﻥ!ت‬0‫ ا‬3‫ ﺕﺕ‬6-4

81 Merge Files ‫!ت‬6‫ ا‬T‫ د‬7-4

85 Transpose Files ‫!ت‬6 ‫;ی‬-‫ ﺕ‬8-4

87 Aggregate ‫ت‬$!-‫ ا‬a‫ ﺕ‬9-4

88 Split Files ‫!ت‬6‫ ا‬. 10-4

91 Weight Cases ‫ت‬$!‫ ﺡ‬N‫ ﺕﺝ‬11-4

93 ‫!ﻥ!ت‬0 6‫!ءات ا;ﺹ‬.‫ﺡ‬8‫ ا‬:c!‫ ا‬.6‫ا‬

Basic Statistics
94 Frequency Distributions ‫ ا ;زی!ت ا ?ـــــاریـــــ‬1-5

95 Measures of Central Tendency ‫ اآ=ی‬#=‫ ا‬c‫ !ی‬2-5

97 Measures of Dispersions f‫ ا ' ـــــــ‬c‫ ــــــــ!ی‬3-5

%

‫‪98‬‬ ‫‪! 4-5‬ی‪ c‬ﺵ? ﺕ;زی‪ O‬ا‪!0‬ﻥ!ت ‪Distribution of the Data‬‬

‫‪109‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا

!دس‪ :‬ا‪$‬ﺥ ‪!0‬رات ا‪8‬ﺡ‪6 7!.‬وض‬
‫‪Statistical Tests of Hypotheses‬‬
‫‪109‬‬ ‫‪ 1-6‬ـــــــــ‬

‫‪110‬‬ ‫‪ 2-6‬ﺥ);ات إﺝاء اﺥ ‪!0‬رات ا‪6‬وض‬

‫‪116‬‬ ‫‪ 3-6‬اﺥ ‪0‬ــــــــــــ!ر  ـــــ;ﺱ‪ i‬ا ـــــ‪O‬‬

‫‪120‬‬ ‫‪ 4-6‬اﺥ ‪!0‬ر ‪$ T‬ﺥ ‪!0‬ر ا‪6‬ق ‪;  j‬ﺱ) ‪j #‬‬

‫‪127‬‬ ‫‪ 5-6‬اﺥ ‪!0‬ر ض ﺡ;ل ا

‪0‬ـ ‪ P‬ــــ ا ـــ‪O‬‬

‫‪129‬‬ ‫‪ 6-6‬ا‪$‬ﺥ ‪!0‬ر ا‪8‬ﺡ‪6 7!.‬ض ﺕ

!وي ﻥ
‪j  0‬‬

‫‪133‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا

!‪ :O‬ﺕ‪-‬ــــــ ا ‪0‬ــــــ!ی‪j‬‬
‫‪Analysis of Variance‬‬
‫‪133‬‬ ‫‪ 1-7‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا ‪!0‬ی‪ j‬ا‪,‬ﺡــ!دي ‪One Way Analysis of Variance‬‬

‫‪139‬‬ ‫‪ 2-7‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا ‪!0‬ی‪  j‬اﺕ!‪ k‬واﺡ ‪ j‬ا;‪!#‬ت ‪ O‬ا!رﻥ!ت ا))ـــــــ‬

‫‪143‬‬ ‫‪ 3-7‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا ‪0‬ــــــــــــــ!ی‪  j‬اﺕ!هـــــ‪Two- way ANOVA j‬‬

‫‪147‬‬ ‫‪ 4-7‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا ‪!0‬ی‪W  j‬ات ا ــدة‬

‫)‪Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA‬‬

‫‪161‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا‪ :j!P‬ﺕ‪-‬ــــ ا‪$‬رﺕ‪0‬ـــ!ط وا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ـار‬

‫‪Correlation and Regression Analysis‬‬
‫‪161‬‬ ‫‪ 1-8‬ا‪8‬رﺕ‪0‬ــــــــــــــــ!ط‬

‫‪168‬‬ ‫‪ 2-8‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا‪i

0‬‬

‫‪168‬‬ ‫‪ 3-8‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا د‬

‫‪172‬‬ ‫‪ 4-8‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا!ﺱ ‬

‫‪178‬‬ ‫‪ 5-8‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا رج‬

‫
‬
‫‪180‬‬ ‫‪ 6-8‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا ‬

‫‪183‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا !ﺱ‪ :O‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ـــار ا;ﺝ

ــ ‬
‫‪Logistic Regression‬‬
‫‪184‬‬ ‫‪ 1-9‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ـــار ا;ﺝ
ــــــ ا‪7!P‬ــــــــــ ‬

‫‪184‬‬ ‫‪ 2-9‬ﺕ‪ 
6‬ا‪  m,‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا;ﺝ
‬

‫‪191‬‬ ‫‪ 3-9‬ﻥ
‪ 0‬ا‪ j m,‬ﺕ;‪ n‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا;ﺝ
‪SPSSWIN =-‬‬

‫‪193‬‬ ‫‪ 4-9‬ﻥ;ذج ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا;ﺝ

‬

‫‪199‬‬ ‫‪ 5-9‬ا‪$‬ﻥ‪-‬ار ا;ﺝ
 ‪W‬ی‪j‬‬

‫‪200‬‬ ‫‪ 6-9‬ا )‪ V# n0‬ا‪0‬ﻥ!‪T‬‬

‫‪211‬‬ ‫ا‪ .6‬ا!ﺵ‪ :‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا‪!0P‬ت وا ‪ -‬ا! ‬

‫‪Reliability Analysis and Factor Analysis‬‬
‫‪211‬‬ ‫‪ 1-10‬ﺕ‪ -‬ا‪!0P‬ت )ا‪.‬ا(‬

‫‪217‬‬ ‫‪ 2-10‬ا ‪ -‬ا! ا‪$‬ﺱ ?'! ‬

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gender

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid male 17 56,7 56,7 56,7
female 13 43,3 43,3 100,0
Total 30 100,0 100,0

experience

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1,00 7 23,3 23,3 23,3
2,00 6 20,0 20,0 43,3
3,00 4 13,3 13,3 56,7
4,00 6 20,0 20,0 76,7
5,00 7 23,3 23,3 100,0
Total 30 100,0 100,0

education

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1,00 14 46,7 46,7 46,7
2,00 7 23,3 23,3 70,0
3,00 9 30,0 30,0 100,0
Total 30 100,0 100,0

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Histograms -  .

Histogram
10

4
Frequency

2 Std. Dev = 5,35

Mean = 24,1
0 N = 30,00
15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0 35,0
17,5 22,5 27,5 32,5

age

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age Stem-and-Leaf Plot

Frequency Stem & Leaf

.00 1 .
7 , 00 1 . 5577799
6 , 00 2 . 000234
12 , 00 2 . 555566677889
4 , 00 3 . 0012
1 , 00 3 . 6

Stem width: 10,00

Each leaf: 1 case(s)

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Observed Value

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Tests of Normality
a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Shapiro-Wilk
Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
age ,131 30 ,200* ,970 30 ,548
*.This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a.Lilliefors Significance Correction

Skewness and Kurtosis 6(  ' 4

Descriptives

Statistic Std. Error

age Mean 24,1333 ,97760
95% Confidence Lower Bound 22,1339
Interval for Mean Upper Bound
26,1328

5% Trimmed Mean 24,0556

Median 25,0000
Variance 28,671
Std. Deviation 5,35456
Minimum 15,00
Maximum 36,00
Range 21,00
Interquartile Range 8,2500
Skewness ,019 ,427
Kurtosis -,581 ,833

* 0> interval -   O * 4 9 * 45   '   ! *

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Descriptives

Statistic Std. Error

AGE1 Mean 3,1585 ,04227
95% Confidence Lower Bound 3,0721
Interval for Mean Upper Bound
3,2450

5% Trimmed Mean 3,1621

Median 3,2189
Variance ,054
Std. Deviation ,23153
Minimum 2,71
Maximum 3,58
Range ,88
Interquartile Range ,3493
Skewness -,402 ,427
Kurtosis -,661 ,833

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AGE1 Stem-and-Leaf Plot

Frequency Stem & Leaf

2,00 27 . 00
3,00 28 . 333
5,00 29 . 44999
1,00 30 . 9
2,00 31 . 37
9,00 32 . 111155599
3,00 33 . 336
4,00 34 . 0036
1,00 35 . 8

Stem width: ,10

Each leaf: 1 case(s)

Normal Q-Q Plot of AGE1

2,0

1,5

1,0

,5

0,0

-,5
Expected Normal

-1,0

-1,5

-2,0
2,6 2,8 3,0 3,2 3,4 3,6

Observed Value

Detrended Normal Q-Q Plot of AGE1

,3

,2

,1

-,0
Dev from Normal

-,1

-,2

-,3
2,6 2,8 3,0 3,2 3,4 3,6

Observed Value

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3,8

3,6

3,4

3,2

3,0

2,8

2,6
N= 30

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7#( 
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Id Gender Income Smoking

1 M 500 Y
2 F 300 Y
3 M 100 N
4 F 150 N
5 M 200 Y

:,  1 (  1A& gender   *  %

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Id Gender Income Smoking

1 F 300 Y
2 F 150 N
3 M 500 Y
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Id Gender Income Smoking

1 F 150 N
2 F 300 Y
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4 M 200 Y
5 M 500 Y

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Id Gender Income Smoking

1 F 300 Y
2 F 150 N
3 M 500 Y
4 M 200 Y
5 M 100 N

:   @ Ex42 9*  M  ! U 1  @ ,D



Id Child Education

1 3 Y
2 2 Y
3 0 Y
4 4 Y
5 1 N

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Id Gender Income Smoking Child Education

1 F 300 Y 3 Y
2 F 150 Y 2 Y
3 M 500 Y 0 Y
4 M 200 Y 4 Y
5 M 100 N 1 N

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EXPERIEN

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1.00 7 23.3 23.3 23.3
2.00 6 20.0 20.0 43.3
3.00 4 13.3 13.3 56.7
4.00 6 20.0 20.0 76.7
5.00 7 23.3 23.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

Statistics

EXPERIEN
N Valid 30
Missing 0
Mean 3.0000
Median 3.0000
Mode 1.00a
Std. Deviation 1.53128
Variance 2.34483
Range 4.00
Minimum 1.00
Maximum 5.00
Percentiles 25 1.7500
50 3.0000
75 4.2500
a. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

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Std. Dev = 1.53

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experience

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GENDER

Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1.00 17 56.7 56.7 56.7
2.00 13 43.3 43.3 100.0
Total 30 100.0 100.0

gender
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Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

EXPERIEN 30 1.00 5.00 3.0000 1.53128
Valid N (listwise) 30

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Report

‫ درت‬ICI

‫
ي ا‬ Mean N Std. Deviation Median Sum Minimum Maximum Range First Last
‫ ﺕي‬ 28,0909 22 8,43975 27,5000 618,00 14,00 48,00 34,00 35,00 37,00
   28,8519 27 7,08033 26,0000 779,00 20,00 44,00 24,00 20,00 35,00
  ‫ی دة‬ 30,3298 94 7,48100 30,0000 2851,00 14,00 47,00 33,00 23,00 24,00

‫ی دة ا‬ 32,6667 9 4,92443 32,0000 294,00 25,00 40,00 15,00 32,00 28,00
‫ی دة ا!آ
راة‬ 32,0000 4 10,09950 34,0000 128,00 18,00 42,00 24,00 35,00 18,00
"# "‫ی‬$ %‫ی د‬ 37,0000 1 , 37,0000 37,00 37,00 37,00 ,00 37,00 37,00
Total 29,9809 157 7,49313 30,0000 4707,00 14,00 48,00 34,00 23,00 24,00

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N Mean Std. Deviation Mean
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Test Value = 11.5

95% Confidence
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t df
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Group Statistics

Std. Error
SEX N Mean Std. Deviation Mean
WBC F 25 9.3632 3.34916 .66983
M 55 10.1907 3.26185 .43983

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Levene's Test for

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F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed)Difference Difference Lower Upper
WBC Equal variances
.013 .911 -1.043 78 .300 -.8275 .79333 -2.40692 .75187
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Paired Samples Statistics

Std. Error
Mean N Std. Deviation Mean
Pair ‫ي‬ 56.1875 80 2.03198 .22718
1  34.9750 80 3.77860 .42246

Paired Samples Correlations

N Correlation Sig.
Pair 1  & ‫ي‬ 80 -.037 .743

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Descriptives

INCOME
95% Confidence Interval for
Mean
N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum
1.00 20 3091.7800 161.24691 36.05590 3016.3141 3167.2459 2860.30 3289.10
2.00 20 3527.2100 219.46663 49.07423 3424.4965 3629.9235 3154.00 3814.60
3.00 20 3886.9850 152.23158 34.04002 3815.7384 3958.2316 3732.60 4194.20
4.00 20 4555.9450 211.80340 47.36068 4456.8180 4655.0720 4221.80 4859.70
Total 80 3765.4800 570.43929 63.77705 3638.5350 3892.4250 2860.30 4859.70

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

INCOME
Levene
Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
2.501 3 76 .066

ANOVA

INCOME
Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 23004853 3 7668284.428 215.702 .000
Within Groups 2701825 76 35550.325
Total 25706678 79

Multiple Comparisons

Dependent Variable: INCOME

Tukey HSD

Mean
Difference 95% Confidence Interval
(I) COUNTRY (J) COUNTRY (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound
1.00 2.00 -435.4300* 59.62409 .000 -592.0504 -278.8096
3.00 -795.2050* 59.62409 .000 -951.8254 -638.5846
4.00 -1464.1650* 59.62409 .000 -1620.7854 -1307.5446
2.00 1.00 435.4300* 59.62409 .000 278.8096 592.0504
3.00 -359.7750* 59.62409 .000 -516.3954 -203.1546
4.00 -1028.7350* 59.62409 .000 -1185.3554 -872.1146
3.00 1.00 795.2050* 59.62409 .000 638.5846 951.8254
2.00 359.7750* 59.62409 .000 203.1546 516.3954
4.00 -668.9600* 59.62409 .000 -825.5804 -512.3396
4.00 1.00 1464.1650* 59.62409 .000 1307.5446 1620.7854
2.00 1028.7350* 59.62409 .000 872.1146 1185.3554
3.00 668.9600* 59.62409 .000 512.3396 825.5804
*. The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
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Descriptive Statistics

Dependent Variable: INCOME

COUNTRY EDUC Mean Std. Deviation N
1.00 1.00 2038.90 24.971 5
2.00 2120.90 20.010 5
3.00 2283.94 55.721 5
Total 2147.91 110.873 15
2.00 1.00 2330.12 31.386 5
2.00 2368.22 53.950 5
3.00 2458.48 21.094 5
Total 2385.61 65.911 15
Total 1.00 2184.51 155.798 10
2.00 2244.56 135.877 10
3.00 2371.21 100.200 10
Total 2266.76 150.477 30

Levene's Test of Equality of Error Variances a

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F df1 df2 Sig.
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a. Design: Intercept+COUNTRY+EDUC+COUNTRY
* EDUC

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Dependent Variable: INCOME

Type III Sum Partial Eta Noncent. Observed
a
Source of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Squared Parameter Power
Corrected Model 622778.256b 5 124555.651 88.238 .000 .948 441.191 1.000
Intercept 154146027 1 154146026.9 109200.6 .000 1.000 109200.618 1.000
COUNTRY 423735.905 1 423735.905 300.184 .000 .926 300.184 1.000
EDUC 181677.050 2 90838.525 64.352 .000 .843 128.704 1.000
COUNTRY * EDUC 17365.301 2 8682.650 6.151 .007 .339 12.302 .847
Error 33878.056 24 1411.586
Total 154802683 30
Corrected Total 656656.312 29
a. Computed using alpha = .05
b. R Squared = .948 (Adjusted R Squared = .938)

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Data screening * %

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'
  . : I 3  !P G    :G & 1

21 .!8
# ( "  M:  ? # H ,  :  

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Mahalanobis !   8  " ;  #=  :3 ( $ !) % (-)

8 8 8 ?  

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 152 
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!) 3 ( $ 6#2 

Analyze !C?  1

.Linear Regression   5: K" Linear  ' Regression  % 2

Dependent: 4 1 $ ; F B  % ' 4 $  3

48 81 ( 8$ +;8 F8 B 8 8% ' !%  ( $  4

.Independent(s)

Linear Regression: Save "   5: K" Save…  B  % 5

Mahalanobis 4   QDistance 4  6

.OK  ' Continue  % 7

!8% 8) 8 .(8  1 0J1 ( ? (  +; & PG 
2
(28 !8 # !% +;    0.001 "&    ! ( $ ! χ

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8
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 153 
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38 ( 8$ 8

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א
א‬

.MANOVA

MANOVA ++! -++.>

Analyze !C?  1

 8 5:8 K8" Multivariate…. 8 8' General linear Model  % 2

Multivariate

+;8 F8 → B  % ' xb1, xb2, xb3, xb4 F ! ( $  3

.Dependent Variable 4 1 ( $

81 $ ; F B  % ' Workw # !%  ( $  4

Fixed factor(s) 4

 154 
  ‫ا
 ا

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.Multivariate: model"   5: K" Model …. B  % 5

!8C% 8 Full factorial 8  B   #= Qspecial Model 4  6

8# 8
#
 A;  .Type Ш   sum of squares ! 

8 2 7# QT


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.3%" @ G 4  B @ /  B A; (

 155 
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continue  % 7

Multivariate: options "   5: K" Option…  B  % 8

factor(s) and factor 48

"8 & QEstimated Marginal Means 48  9

F8 B  % ' workw # !%  ( $  interactions:

Display means for: 4 1 $ +;

. Homogeneity tests Descriptive statistics(  QDisplay 4  10

 156 
 ‫ا
 ا

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ــــــ‬

.OK  ' Continue  % 11

)‫ﺕ‬5‫ ا‬678‫ ا‬9#: ;3+,


 -    
# !    2  ) 

Descriptive Statistics

‫ ام‬ Mean Std. Deviation N

‫ا   ات‬  ‫ام‬ 19,5106 2,06542 141

‫ام‬ 19,3358 1,95267 137
Total 19,4245 2,00893 278
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬  ‫ام‬ 19,9149 1,99460 141

‫ام‬ 18,9197 2,04385 137
Total 19,4245 2,07609 278
‫ا !   ا
ت‬  ‫ام‬ 17,9291 2,64209 141

‫ام‬ 17,5401 2,46450 137
Total 17,7374 2,55893 278
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬  ‫ام‬ 19,0496 2,23391 141

‫ام‬ 18,6496 2,29639 137
Total 18,8525 2,26968 278

 157 
  ‫ا
 ا

  ـــــ ا
ــــــ‬

2 ; # -   / F .$  !": / Box's M 

.0.001"&     @

a
Box's Test of Equality of Covariance Matrices
Box's M 11,517
F 1,134
df1 10
df2 363497,5
Sig. ,332
Tests the null hypothesis that the observed covariance
matrices of the dependent variables are equal across groups.
a. Design: Intercept+WORKW

81 8  ! /%  /%

#  /   $ ( 


.5% 9) / )6 .( $  / )6

Levene's Test of Equality of Error Variancesa

F df1 df2 Sig.

‫ا   ات‬ ,245 1 276 ,621
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬ 1,557 1 276 ,213
‫ا !   ا
ت‬ 1,250 1 276 ,264
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬ ,091 1 276 ,763
Tests the null hypothesis that the error variance of the dependent
variable is equal across groups.
a. Design: Intercept+WORKW

(8 8 ! 5 F # ;1   3 ( $ ! ( 2

!8: !C:8N /8%    PG   .! ( $  !" 

'#& 3% H  2? '# Pillai's trace    # .! 3 ( $

 158 
  ‫ا
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(0.05 8
8?& F !) ! 
:  . "
1 J 36 ( 9:N

. (   $ ( '=  " # 7, QI 3 ( $ '=

b
Multivariate Tests

Effect Value F Hypothesis df Error df Sig.

Intercept
Pillai's Trace ,996 15493,809a 4,000 273,000 ,000
Wilks' Lambda ,004 15493,809 a 4,000 273,000 ,000
Hotelling's Trace 227,016 15493,809a 4,000 273,000 ,000
Roy's Largest Root 227,016 15493,809 a 4,000 273,000 ,000
WORKW Pillai's Trace ,060 4,337 a 4,000 273,000 ,002
Wilks' Lambda ,940 4,337a 4,000 273,000 ,002
Hotelling's Trace ,064 4,337 a 4,000 273,000 ,002
Roy's Largest Root ,064 4,337a 4,000 273,000 ,002
a. Exact statistic
b. Design: Intercept+WORKW

!&  0  ! ( $ & 1 4 $

#   $ F (  M 6

 Beonferroni- type    ( ' +; % K: .3 ( $ '= !

.
 I8  =) !: 
% experimentwise & Familywise !%) =)


8"& ,8
' ;  .( 2   α  % : 0%) #  !)  !$:

!8 8
:8 8, Q+; !      .(3/0.05)0.017   !

A # ; .feeling tward organ donation   $  C '= (p<0.017)

feeling tward 9J I ! + +6  '=  # M6  ? &

. ! /% ! C ( '= F / .organ donation

 159 
 ‫ا
 ا

  ـــــ ا
ــــــ‬

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Type III Sum

Source Dependent Variable of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model ‫ا   ات‬ 2,125a 1 2,125 ,526 ,469
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬ 68,818b 1 68,818 16,882 ,000
‫ا !   ا
ت‬ 10,511c 1 10,511 1,609 ,206
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬ 11,118d 1 11,118 2,167 ,142
Intercept ‫ا   ات‬ 104856,787 1 104856,787 25937,232 ,000
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬ 104793,077 1 104793,077 25707,052 ,000
‫ا !   ا
ت‬ 87417,475 1 87417,475 13379,336 ,000
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬ 98755,435 1 98755,435 19251,184 ,000
WORKW ‫ا   ات‬ 2,125 1 2,125 ,526 ,469
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬ 68,818 1 68,818 16,882 ,000
‫ا !   ا
ت‬ 10,511 1 10,511 1,609 ,206
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬ 11,118 1 11,118 2,167 ,142
Error ‫ا   ات‬ 1115,789 276 4,043
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬ 1125,096 276 4,076
‫ا !   ا
ت‬ 1803,320 276 6,534
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬ 1415,835 276 5,130
Total ‫ا   ات‬ 106010,000 278
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬ 106086,000 278
‫ا !   ا
ت‬ 89277,000 278
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬ 100233,000 278
Corrected Total ‫ا   ات‬ 1117,914 277
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬ 1193,914 277
‫ا !   ا
ت‬ 1813,831 277
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬ 1426,953 277
a. R Squared = ,002 (Adjusted R Squared = -,002)
b. R Squared = ,058 (Adjusted R Squared = ,054)
c. R Squared = ,006 (Adjusted R Squared = ,002)
d. R Squared = ,008 (Adjusted R Squared = ,004)

Estimated Marginal Means 0=  ! ? . *) 1

‫ ام‬

95% Confidence Interval

Dependent Variable ‫ ام‬ Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound
‫ا   ات‬  ‫ام‬ 19,511 ,169 19,177 19,844

‫ام‬ 19,336 ,172 18,998 19,674
‫ا  ﻡ ا‬  ‫ام‬ 19,915 ,170 19,580 20,250

‫ام‬ 18,920 ,172 18,580 19,259
‫ا !   ا
ت‬  ‫ام‬ 17,929 ,215 17,505 18,353

‫ام‬ 17,540 ,218 17,110 17,970
"#$
‫ا &رات ا‬  ‫ام‬ 19,050 ,191 18,674 19,425

‫ام‬ 18,650 ,194 18,269 19,031

 160 
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!8 (8% ! 1 A , Q   '#& 0 !%  ( $ # 

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general  8 58: .....post Hoc ...contrasts  B    contrasts

.Factorial

8'#& # 0 -: MANOVA 3 ( $ 

 & #; 0 

( $   B  .!? ! ( $ )%  

%  $ F #  J

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 K: !  !% 

Profile 7 5) ;  MANOVA 3 ( $ 

 M A;  

.analysis

 161 
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‫ا
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‫ ــــ ارــــ ط وا ــــار‬

Correlation and Regression Analysis

:            :



  
  

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3

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:Correlation "!!!!! 18

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 161 
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Descriptive -; )2 analyze ! ' % crosstab .  ( % :

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Assumption Testing # $%

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 162 
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 163 
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3 (3  (!2) *

.Graphs ! ' 


1

.scatter plot  6" Q

 Scatter…  
2
.Simple scatter plot   
% H

3

.Simple Scatter plot    6" Q

 Define ; *  
4

&
 9 ?
 *   )2 current salary % +; &
  
 )

5
.Y Axis: G >
-9 ?
 *   )2 Beginning salary %  2 &
  
 )

6
.X Axis: G > &


.OK  
7

 164 
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 ا

   ـــــ ار ط وا ار‬

Graph

140000

120000

100000

80000

60000

40000
Current Salary

20000

0
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000

Beginning Salary

current salary %-&

 .K-' %  '( ? 9 %0 7 5
 +5 % M

C -/
 - %8 7   + ) N
  1*

) %0  .Beginning salary

- +-
.Beginning salary  current salary %&
 %  5
 +5 7+2  6

.C /
 5  5 6

 " (  (2) *

.Analyze ! ' 


1

Bivariate correlation   6" Q

 Bivariate  )2 correlation  
2

-  )2 .Beginning salary  current salary %

  .&
  
 )

3

Variable(s) G > .&

 F9 ?  *

. Pearson  
   
% H

4

. one – tailed  *  

 )
 Test of significance G 
5

.OK  
6

 165 
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Correlations

SALARY SALBEGIN
SALARY Pearson Correlation 1 .880**
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000
N 473 473
SALBEGIN Pearson Correlation .880** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .
N 473 473
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

=!
 . / O
.(P)  P
 ' +  R  8 7 
 +  


Beginning current salary %-&

 %-  / '( ? 9 %0   5
 +5

,-
 - 1 
  
   ,
  1 
 %0 M0 (r =0.880 , p<0.05) salary

.!

5+* " (  (2) *

Analyze ! ' 


1

.Partial Correlation  6" Q

 Partial  )2 Correlate  
2

*-   )2 Beginning salary  Current salary%

  .&
  
 )


Variable(s) G > .&

 F9 ?


*   )2 Education level % control F2

.2
 
 &
  
 )

4

controlling for: G < &

 9 ?


One- tailed  *  

 )
 Test of Significance G 
5

 166 
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 ا

   ـــــ ار ط وا ار‬

.OK  ‫ ا‬-6

P A R T I A L C O R R E L A T I O N C O E F F I C I E N T S

Controlling for.. EDUC

SALARY SALBEGIN

SALARY 1.0000 .7947

(470 ) (0 )
P= . P= .000

SALBEGIN .7947 1.0000

(0 ) (470 )
. =P= .000 P

(Coefficient / (D.F.) / 1-tailed Significance)

. 2 G Beginning salary current salary %&

 % '( %0  . / +

. '( 9 Education level &



 167 
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 ا

   ـــــ ار ط وا ار‬

Simple Regression "!  !) 28

  .&

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0 &
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B    @H +; +"   9  ! " #
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+(- % G  < P0 .  

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Multiple Regression   ) 38

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 168 
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-  - .Categorical "

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 169 
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 170 
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 171 
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V"5 ?(J
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.Analyze ! ' 


1

.Linear Regression  6" Q

 Linear  )2 Regression  
2

> &
 9 ?
 *   )2 "5 ?(J
 % G
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3

.Dependent G

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4

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5

 172 
 ‫ا
 ا

   ـــــ ار ط وا ار‬

linear regression: Statistics    6" Q

 statistics ; *  
6

Case G 
 7Residuals G % .model fit Estimates .   
 %0 H


- 
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outlier outside  * %0 % H
.wise diagnostics

. 
 2; 9 M    % 3 9 = 

.Continue  
7

.Linear Regression: Plots    6" Q

 plots ; *  
8

.Y G > D  F9 ?

 *   )2 *ZRESID 

9

.X G > D  F9 ?

 *  )2 *ZPRED 

10

.Normal probability plot G 

 7Standardized Residual Plots G %
11

 173 
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.Continue  
12

linear regression: save    6" Q
....save ; *  
13
.Mahalanobis G 
 7Distance G %
14

.OK  )2 Continue  
15

Variables Entered/Removedb

Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 PDI, GDPa . Enter
a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: PCE

Model Summaryb

Adjusted Std. Error of

Model R R Square R Square the Estimate
1 .999a .997 .997 24.26835
a. Predictors: (Constant), PDI, GDP
b. Dependent Variable: PCE

 174 
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ANOVAb

Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 18609176 2 9304588.158 15798.526 .000a
Residual 50060.998 85 588.953
Total 18659237 87
a. Predictors: (Constant), PDI, GDP
b. Dependent Variable: PCE

Coefficientsa

Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) -251.095 17.347 -14.475 .000
GDP .423 .042 .576 10.173 .000
PDI .411 .055 .424 7.485 .000
a. Dependent Variable: PCE

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Residuals Statisticsa

Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation N

Predicted Value 1783.7869 3283.4907 2537.0420 462.49171 88
Std. Predicted Value -1.629 1.614 .000 1.000 88
Standard Error of
2.62110 6.72306 4.36476 1.01911 88
Predicted Value
Adjusted Predicted Value 1782.7388 3283.6089 2536.9453 462.53392 88
Residual -54.8934 53.1272 .0000 23.98778 88
Std. Residual -2.262 2.189 .000 .988 88
Stud. Residual -2.276 2.229 .002 1.003 88
Deleted Residual -55.5870 55.0856 .0968 24.69422 88
Stud. Deleted Residual -2.335 2.284 .001 1.012 88
Mahal. Distance .026 5.688 1.977 1.389 88
Cook's Distance .000 .061 .010 .013 88
Centered Leverage Value .000 .065 .023 .016 88
a. Dependent Variable: PCE

Normal P-P Plot of Regression Standardized Residual

Dependent Variable: ÇáÇÓÊåáÇß ÇáÔÎÕí
1.00

.75
Expected Cum Prob

.50

.25

0.00
0.00 .25 .50 .75 1.00

Observed Cum Prob

 176 
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Scatterplot
Dependent Variable: ÇáÇÓÊåáÇß ÇáÔÎÕí
3
Regression Standardized Residual

-1

-2

-3
-2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -.5 0.0 .5 1.0 1.5 2.0

Regression Standardized Predicted Value

-'( -/ )- N ( % 7

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5  .Linearity   6

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6  ) () 5 8

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1

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2

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3

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5

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- Statistics -; *  
6

.Model fit  Estimates .   

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.OK  )2 Continue  
7

 178 
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Variables Entered/Removed a

Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-of-F-to-e
nter <=
GDP .
.050,
Probabilit
y-of-F-to-r
emove >=
.100).
2 Stepwise
(Criteria:
Probabilit
y-of-F-to-e
nter <=
PDI .
.050,
Probabilit
y-of-F-to-r
emove >=
.100).
a. Dependent Variable: PCE

Model Summaryc

Adjusted Std. Error of

Model R R Square R Square the Estimate
1 .998a .996 .995 31.07698
2 .999b .997 .997 24.26835
a. Predictors: (Constant), GDP
b. Predictors: (Constant), GDP, PDI
c. Dependent Variable: PCE

ANOVAc

Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 18576180 1 18576180.35 19234.407 .000a
Residual 83056.966 86 965.779
Total 18659237 87
2 Regression 18609176 2 9304588.158 15798.526 .000b
Residual 50060.998 85 588.953
Total 18659237 87
a. Predictors: (Constant), GDP
b. Predictors: (Constant), GDP, PDI
c. Dependent Variable: PCE

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Coefficientsa

Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) -298.078 20.709 -14.394 .000
GDP .733 .005 .998 138.688 .000
2 (Constant) -251.095 17.347 -14.475 .000
GDP .423 .042 .576 10.173 .000
PDI .411 .055 .424 7.485 .000
a. Dependent Variable: PCE

Excluded Variablesb

Collinearity
Partial Statistics
Model Beta In t Sig. Correlation Tolerance
1 PDI .424a 7.485 .000 .630 9.844E-03
a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), GDP
b. Dependent Variable: PCE

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1

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2

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3

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- Statistics -; *  
7

R square change  model fit Estimates .   

 %0 H
 Statistics

.OK  )2 Continue  
8

Variables Entered/Removedb

Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 PDIa . Enter
2 GDPa . Enter
a. All requested variables entered.
b. Dependent Variable: PCE

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Model Summary c

Change Statistics
Adjusted Std. Error of R Square
Model R R Square R Square the Estimate Change F Change df1 df2 Sig. F Change
1 .997a .994 .994 35.92827 .994 14369.103 1 86 .000
2 .999b .997 .997 24.26835 .003 103.491 1 85 .000
a. Predictors: (Constant), PDI
b. Predictors: (Constant), PDI, GDP
c. Dependent Variable: PCE

ANOVA c

Sum of
Model Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 18548225 1 18548225.00 14369.103 .000a
Residual 111012.3 86 1290.841
Total 18659237 87
2 Regression 18609176 2 9304588.158 15798.526 .000b
Residual 50060.998 85 588.953
Total 18659237 87
a. Predictors: (Constant), PDI
b. Predictors: (Constant), PDI, GDP
c. Dependent Variable: PCE

Coefficientsa

Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) -171.441 22.917 -7.481 .000
PDI .967 .008 .997 119.871 .000
2 (Constant) -251.095 17.347 -14.475 .000
PDI .411 .055 .424 7.485 .000
GDP .423 .042 .576 10.173 .000
a. Dependent Variable: PCE

Excluded Variablesb

Collinearity
Partial Statistics
Model Beta In t Sig. Correlation Tolerance
1 GDP .576a 10.173 .000 .741 9.844E-03
a. Predictors in the Model: (Constant), PDI
b. Dependent Variable: PCE

 182 
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= 9(     +* % I $G% 9*  0 1 2  -

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../ 0 1 Odds &%' I " /- - 1 2

!  "# & '& ( 29

Interpretation of Odds in Logisitic Regression:

= ="/ 3C( 7%    2 -     % &%'  

2 9( P=0.8 2- " 2 9G% 0.8 ; 2 P O  2- E ,  2

Odds of success O= &%-  ,q=1-P=0.2 2 (P  P () : 

:'

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P 0.8
Odds( success) = = =4
q 0.2
:
 ) *+ 
 

:%  ÷ P  O  =  P O &%' 

=  T1 8! 4 ; : 8! O &%- 2- " ( 5   8( +

: '  : &%- 

q 0.2
Odds ( failure) = = = 0.25
P 0.8

:, *-  .

   ÷ P  :%  =  P : &%' 

P 0  2 % 21 0   9 &%' 2 F 8( 

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8/- 7 7 10

? 10 10 20

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7
P= = 0 .7 q = 1 − 0 .7 = 0 .3
10

: 34 50 6#"# 

3
P= = 0 .3 q = 1 − 0 .3 = 0 .7
10

: 3;    * *- '&, " & 6#"# 7 2 8  9-& :

P (male) 0.7
Odds (male) = = = 2.3333
q (male) 0.3
P ( female) 0.3
Odds ( famle) = = = 0.42857
q ( female) 0.7

:    (+ *- '&  " -

Odds (male) 2.3333

Odds Ratio = = = 5.44
Odds ( female) 0.42857

" 2 PK 2 /- )  5.44 ; $ U % 2 &%' 2- ( 

:'  &%'  G% 21  2 $!

/ P  &%'  ÷ ' P  % &%'  = &%' 

= =  SPSSWIN =F     5 8! (1) / % ) ! 2

:V ) * &%'   

 186 
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=; 5 / ' ) 1 /C/ M:    5 8! ./  ) K •

,Freq =;  % ./ )   P/  Gender ;  / V  Admit

:    5 U    5 8! (1) / ) ! 

2 F- =- =( F  )      - E )( N- , ! % , 3

.Weight Cases ' / Data ' ( " 7$   

= 8=! Freq @= =1 =" = Weight Cases N   +5 @

N =  +5 U- Weight Cases ( ' ( "  Frequency Variables

.' ,1G 9 P  +* 2( ! 1 2 ' 7$ / 2- U  

 187 
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%  *  @ $; % *:  2 1 ' $ $ OK ' "

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=/ Descriptive statistics =' / Analysis ' " #F  ( 5 

Cross tabs '

: +5 U   8! Gender 1  5  8! Admit 1 "

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+5 U ) 5 ?   .  ( 5  Percentage Row

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% ( % $M I F  2- Freq 1   - U  ,( N  

.&  .1 2" 

.5' N   +5  Continue ' "

=" /Risk " Cross table: Statistics N   +5 @% Statistics ' "

.5' N   +5  continue '

 189 
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.$ OK ' "

: ./  8( 5  ' $ 

8!    .          % , #F  ( 5 

$; 0.7 ; " (  7 ; PW " (   /  ( ,5 ?

ADMIT * GERAND Crosstabulation

GERAND
0 1 Total
ADMIT 0 Count 7 3 10
% within ADMIT 70.0% 30.0% 100.0%
1 Count 3 7 10
% within ADMIT 30.0% 70.0% 100.0%
Total Count 10 10 20
% within ADMIT 50.0% 50.0% 100.0%

= 2=( )= ( N  ;   8( 5 Risk ' * 

5 N$ 3  ; 5.444 ; &%'  .*  2 2X 2( &%'

5 ( $! T )  (   D$;  .  $;   % 9(

= 0 " I   &%'  ) $! T1 7$ 0 &%'  2G% 

.Y 5   8( 0 3 7$  2G% ) 2  N

Risk Estimate

95% Confidence
Interval
Value Lower Upper
Odds Ratio for ADMIT
5.444 .804 36.867
(0 / 1)
For cohort GERAND = 0 2.333 .833 6.536
For cohort GERAND = 1 190.429
 .153 1.201
N of Valid Cases 20
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'   * 2 2 * * -

( ' 5 % 8'  "   $ &%'  ; ' 

0 2.333 )*(M% 0.3 3 ( 0.7 3 3  D$;  % ,/ 5 % 8' 

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0 " ( 2( " % F  / 7$ 3

SPSSWIN <=" <!  "# >&  '&  39

:


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. Logistic Regression N  

=U Covariates 2= 8! " 1  Dependent 2 8! 0 1 "

: N   +5

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Method: Enter #$%& '%‫دي ﺡ‬+

‫• "!آ أن ا
 ا
رة ه  ا ار ا‬
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Variables in the Equation

B S.E. Wald df Sig. Exp(B)

Step
a
GERAND 1.695 .976 3.015 1 .082 5.444
1 Constant -.847 .690 1.508 1 .220 .429
a. Variable(s) entered on step 1: GERAND.

.5 ! 2- $ 7$ , ! 3 T&%'  ( #$ ( 5  2  2

?= &=%'  ?  3.015 " $M  % ( % 9( )  

9= = ) 2( P  ( .(  ,: 2(  2"* ; &%'   )

9= 5  )  (  7$ T&%'  )C 2 : 3C( 

.&%' 8(

: , B, ,e ? '& 2@ .,  6!



P
log it = log (Odds ) = log ( ) (1)
q

= =1 )=   7$ N    D( 2    

:2- N- T(0)

log it ( P ) = b 0 + b1 X (2)
P
log it ( ) = b 0 + b1 X (3)
q

 192 
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)   ,&%'  (  2     % ) 2- @&

1.695 =1 8! NJ ? % D  D  2- ( 1.695    @& 

e Z 2%* 0% $;  &%' (  2 (3)  &%' I %  

:  ( 5 %

P
= e b0 +bi X
q

2= 9&=%' 9 2- 7$  9&%' 9 ; & ) 5C . 

:2- N- e Z 0% 

Odds Ratio = e b1 = e1.695 = 5.44

.F  ) 2 # N-  ;

The logistic Regression Model !  "# C 49

=V  (" 1 2 /-  2 2- 2) X " ;  - 21  2- E

=; * N$ & #$ 2- E    M 7$  3C   TY 0

:'

Y = b0 + b1 X + e

1  3 ( ;: Y 3 * 2- E , ;: 1 / Y 2- P

Y 2 -) "    * ;: Y 2 + ; M* / e 1 2- µ y / x ; X

:' #$  2 9G% (3  ;:

 193 
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µ y / x = bˆ0 + bˆ1 X or E (Y / X ) = bˆ0 + bˆ1 X

∞ 8! − ∞ 2 3 $M 2- 2 #$ D$ 2' * 2-    % 2-  2

0=3 2' .C 2  * *    2G% ./ ;  - 21  2 ( 2

N ; Y=1 2-  N   D$; % Y 1 ( *)

E (Y / X ) = P (Y = 1) = P

=I #$ 2    5 23 2  5  2' * 3 2 7$
P
2- 2= 1− P
= 2  : D$; ( 1 .   U  2 +* 3
P
∞ 8=! − ∞ 2 3 $M 2- 2 In ( )  " 2-  ± ∞ 8! 5 2 3 $M
1− P

) =1 = %    #$  2 ( ,N    % P  0 + $;

:' ./ 

P
E ln ( ) = bˆ0 + bˆ1 X
1− P

In (
P
)
8==! µ y / x 2 9       #$ #$ $; 
1− P
:' : 8! "    2 ,Logit transformation) 9 

exp( bˆ0 + bˆ1 X )

P =
1 + exp( b 0 + b1 X )

.* I  ; exp 2- P

( +* @5  (OLS) Ordinary Least Squares  >15 ) "*

2- =     ( "* D$; +* (  (  ,   

:V #$  #$ ( 2 F

 194 
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linear Probability Model 98 *"# C 149

C  , D(

Y = b0 + b1 X + e

 ; b1 T ?*" ,F ; b0T (1 T5) " $M ./ ; 0 1 Y 1 2-

#$ ( 5  2 9G% #$  3  .. : M* / e TX " 1

3 U Predicted Probabilities 3 ) * ; *   #$ 

: )C: ( " ( 2 " ) 1 

=3 $=M 0 1 2 2V Hetreroskedastic  I #$ $; % M*
-

V(e) = P (1-P) :2 M* 2% " ) 1 2 2( 

 $; X 1 8(  P   " (P  ) 0 1 $M 2-  / P P

.X 0 1 8(   M* 2 E N    % TN    *:  -

. * ?F  e M*
1

3 -   2 - 2 2- 2 *   #$ +*  3 ) 
2

.  L.5 0 +  "* I $; 5 2

Logistic Regression Model !  "# C 249

0= := 2 9 &  C * 2- 2 Logit Model ) #$  

:' #$  2- E 7$ @& ,*   #$

 195 
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P P
ln ( ) = b0 + b1 + e or = exp [b0 ] exp[b1 ] exp[e]
1− P 1− P

2- N- =  " $M Y 1 2-  ; P , e Z I ; ln 2- P

P P
ln
= 1 − P  =" ,Odds Ratio &=%'   1 − P  ,P(Y=1)=P

= #$ % " " ,Logit ) - Log Odds Ratio &%'  I

=* I 9  * ;     #$ ." 9( % N$  

logistic = 0=F L.5=  =  2 2 7$ *   

5= 2= 5=  % " )  " ; D$;  % Distribution

.  

=U( 2 "*    .: " "*  #$  " 

. Maximum Likelihood

=% 1  - - ( b1  *   #$     #$ %

 9 ( O:    #$ % ,X " 1 1 ( Y 0 1

)= = = .X " 1 1 ( log Odds &%' I % 1

"= 1 /M ; exp (b1 ) &%'  C 2 2  (Logit Coefficient

.&%'  8(

 =  = =% +* ;  2(   #$ % )C  

 ) 5  " ) 1 5 )C 2- ( L  E ,N

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  .5 ! +* 2(  , !  H0: b1=0 2  E 2- N- T(   

:'   .5 ! ,Wald statistic

bˆ1 2
Wald = [ ]
ˆ
s (b1 )

, - =" .t .5= K 0 * ; D    2 0F  ?F ;

- = #$ "  8; .5 K +* 2   #$ performance

:V +* D$; 2 *"%   #$ ,  "

2
 $+") , Likelihood Ratio 20# #  ,

.5= ! 8 E  %   , ! % U( 2  

:'  
[
LR (i) = −2 log (bˆ0 ) − log L (bˆ0 , bˆ1 ) ]
ˆ ˆ
=U( 2 I ; log L(b0 , b1 ) ,#$ % " ) 1 ( / i 2- P

ˆ
=F  1 .D   9 #$ U( 2 I ; log L(b0 ) ,2 9 #$

: '  .5 !  SPSSWIN

LR (i ) = [−2 log Likelhood (of begining mod el )]

− [−2 log Likelehood (of ending mod el )]

ˆ ˆ
 log L(b0 , b1 ) 2- U C 2 .    2 0F  ?F  .5 !

=U( 2   I ; Unconstrained " 1 #$ U( 2 I

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ˆ ˆ ˆ
  I ; " #$ I  log L(b0 ) T b0 , b1 2 " E 

- N #$ ; 3 - E%  N b̂0  " E  U( 2

.N I

:percent Correct Prediction F<"+ E< < 

E= = E 2M% 0.5 2 - " P ) $! 9 E +  %

5= = * F  2G% P=0.5   2- E % ,0"  9- & P  ?3

Cut value 0*" - 5 3 ( (0 1 ?3)   5 )W Classification

@ 5= J 8('  ,,*  @ 5 J   2  2 0.5 ;

:5 $; @&    N3- #$ 

Classification Table for occurrence the cut value is 0.5

Predicted
% Correct
1 0
A(100)/(a+b) b a 0
Observed
D(100)/(c+d) d c 1
100(a+d)/(a+b+c+d) Overall

:Mcfadden R2  ( 9 G $+") C

   ,:' 2    - *  0 >15 ) "* %

) =1 2   0 1 2  - (  ;   %  

=  )C 2   2 *&       %   "

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2 = =" =; =" D$=; 2=    J  % pseudo ; "

Likelhood =U('  " 2 ' 2 / %  ; * 0 Mcfadden

; Ratio index

2 log L(bˆ0 , bˆ1 ) − 2 log L(bˆ0 , bˆ1 )

McFadden s − R = 1 − [ ] = 1−[ ]
log L (bˆ ) 0 − 2 log L(bˆ ) 0

2- 0=3 9= >15 ) %    /    5 2 93 R2 "

5= 2     % U( 2  ( 3 9'   D$; % 15- 2

(=    )      .  8! 5     % 93 9U

.#$   )5  " 

H !  "# 59

Logistic Regression for Two Dichotomous Variable

" ) 1   ) 1 2 2-     % +*  3  *-

=3 @=& " 1 3  - E 2 ,:  ; C/ 0 1 3 ,./

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:'

X*- H
YG H
1 0
1 n1,1 n1,0
2 n0,1 n0,0

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=;   ; 0 1 '  " 1 ;  - 25 2 0 : C

= "= =1 2= >- ) %) Odds Ratio &%'  ( 5 

#$=  "    D$; %    8! #  .   (Continuous

ˆ ˆ
P #$   2 #$ 2   Y 0 1 " " 2- P b0 , b1

= =" =/ b̂1 2- - ( N( * ?F bˆ1 .5 K 2- 
z=
S bˆ
1

S bˆ , b1
." M* ; 1

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Analysis =' C 2 SPSSWIN F  2    . ( 5  

:' F  " P Logistic V ( ' / Regression ( ' C 2

2 (   )  ,  -  )  - )        -

." 3 

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=" =  *  0 3    .5 ! " M*

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= [M= = #$ 2     ) 1 F    *  % -

.+% D -2log L U( 2 & 2  7$ Iteration  

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= L=: 50 2=  ( 2 2 2   ) ; ' : (2) * 

=( "%  ( - "%  K  *  53 ) , K E 2(  J

"= ) =1 2=( ) 0   0 1 / ; K (/) ) , K

' ; 2 3C(    >'

.Age  Education  )  Income  cost :  : " ) 1
1

2 T #F= 1 T F=(- =5) Marital status (  *" " ) 1
2

.($ 1 T /- 5) Sex ? ,(-

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Binary Logistic =( =' =/ Regression ='  Analyze ' 2 •

9= L5= 2= 8=! Agree or Disagree 0= =1 " Regression

Covariates 2 8! &- ) 1  ; " ) 1  "  Dependent

:8  T+5 %  L5

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(2=" 2 /- 9 )Categorical  5 1 " (/- -)) 1  - 2 $! •

Define Categorical =( N   +5 @ Categorical ( ' "

:8  Categorical covariates 2 8! Married " 1 " / Variables

; (! % I N- " ) 1 N- Categorical covariates +5 8! &

.2./ 21 8( 1 $;   5' +5 8!  3 7$   @5

  Contrast 2 % Change ' " •

5' N   +5  Continue ' " •

=" =/ Logistic Regression : Options N   +5 @ Option ' " •

=( ' ( " 5   '  % ;$ % I  (  ' (

= N= Odds Ratio &=%'  "/  * % CI for Exp(B)

=' =  E=%  - 2 M @ Hosmer- Lemeshow ' 5% 1

:8  #$ , -    @ classification Plots

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5' N   +5  continue ' " •

$=; Logistic Regression: Save New Variables +5= @ Save ' " •

=" / Probabilities ' ( "    5 8! ) %&G @ +5

Residual Influence (  ' E ( / Group Membership ( '

8    E% E 2 M

.5' +5  continue ' " •

.$ OK ' " •

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)  L ( N    5   ( (   % 5 
-

. - " 3 7; ;  50 ;( 

Case Processing Summary

a
Unweighted Cases N Percent
Selected Cases Included in Analysis 50 98.0
Missing Cases 1 2.0
Total 51 100.0
Unselected Cases 0 .0
Total 51 100.0
a. If weight is in effect, see classification table for the total
number of cases.

7=$ 2(  ) $!  -    5 ; 0 1  - ( N   

. % 7$ 8! :    5 8!   F %

Dependent Variable Encoding

Original Value Internal Value

.00 0
1.00 1

(   ;   %  " 1 )   ' @&  

2./ 21 8!   $ 2- +  Categorical ( ' +* 2(  

.,' ! : 

Categorical Variables Codings

Parameter coding
Frequency (1) (2)
MARITAL .00 11 1.000 .000
1.00 27 .000 1.000
2.00 12 .000 .000

 204 
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2 #$ ; Null Model E  #$ 5 . 2  ,F

=%   9- 7$  *"% ?*" ,F ( N  N$  (") . ) 1

%   ) 1  2-  N     % ,?*" ,F ! #$

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2* ( I   N F  2- " 2 ( 5 .#$ % (. )

= 2=  =. . ) 1 N- ( N   5 *  8'

) 0  % 9. %&! iteration   ( [ *  .2/ 

.7$ % I 2-   P  2

Block 0: Beginning Block

Iteration Historya,b,c

-2 Log Coefficients
Iteration likelihood Constant
Step 1 68.593 -.240
0 2 68.593 -.241
a. Constant is included in the model.
b. Initial -2 Log Likelihood: 68.593
c. Estimation terminated at iteration number 2 because
log-likelihood decreased by less than .010 percent.

=5 * 8!  9.   (2/    9.) 5 * 5 

.(#$ 2)

 205 
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Classification Table a,b

Predicted

agree or disagree Percentage

Observed ‫
م اا‬ ‫ﻡا‬ Correct
Step 0 agree or disagree ‫
م اا‬ 28 0 100.0
‫ﻡا‬ 22 0 .0
Overall Percentage 56.0
a. Constant is included in the model.
b. The cut value is .500

.7$ @&    $  #$ %    ) 1 5 * %

Variables not in the Equation

Score df Sig.
Step Variables COST 4.059 1 .044
0 INCOME .267 1 .605
EDUC 2.489 1 .115
MARITAL 1.377 2 .502
MARITAL(1) .334 1 .563
MARITAL(2) .253 1 .615
SEX .595 1 .441
AGE .675 1 .411
Overall Statistics 11.347 7 .124

#$ 8! . ) 1 ! % - P 2/   . ( N  ,F $;
#

   * ( ( 5   ) ;- 2  5 * 2  2 

="* 8! &- :K  (block1) 1 3 ?*" * D$; 8! :K  ,

Method: Enter   % ) 1  ! ;   C .5 K 

Block 1: Method=Enter

= ;   %   ) 1 0 ( N  O" #$ %   3 *

>=- .5= ! "* * 2 ,F   -   9*  N$  #$ 
) % ,  D$; % 9  5   2!     /    

 206 
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= )= 2= = ( N    .;   [ E( ( 

Step , Block , 2= =  .5 ! 2-   % , .5 K  5

= =% = ='   -       '  Model
= N 2"    N ; Sig " .Block ;    
2= .= =( 8 E% 5% 2( ) $ $  E " 5% 2  

)= 2 0F   2  2 "   2   2 3 "
Sig.>0.05 3 2' N I #$   / % ,9( 5   "  7 

Omnibus Tests of Model Coefficients

Chi-square df Sig.
Step 1 Step 12.834 7 .076
Block 12.834 7 .076
Model 12.834 7 .076

:   B"  *! 

=* = =% =   " $; , -2LL= -2loglikelihood 2   & 

.#$   % 
Cox& Snell R Square =; 8=' "* 2"*   *  0 3

   8% 8;    /   Nagelkerke R square ; / "* 
.8
Model Summary

-2 Log Cox & Snell Nagelkerke

Step likelihood R Square R Square
1 55.759 .226 .303

9= 5  ' U ; 0 1 3 ;: 3 ( N   
=;

."  #$    

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Contingency Table for Hosmer and Lemeshow Test

DICATION = .00 DICATION = 1.00

Observed Expected Observed Expected Total
Step 1 5 4.656 0 .344 5
1 2 3 4.274 2 .726 5
3 5 3.686 0 1.314 5
4 3 3.478 2 1.522 5
5 4 2.931 1 2.069 5
6 2 2.637 3 2.363 5
7 2 2.252 3 2.748 5
8 2 1.952 3 3.048 5
9 1 1.349 4 3.651 5
10 1 .785 4 4.215 5

= 78.6% ;     5 )  "  9 5  ;  


7=$ 72,00% =; 5   5   8! %&K 63,6% ;  

." #$  

Classification Table a

Predicted

agree or disagree Percentage

Observed ‫
م اا‬ ‫ﻡا‬ Correct
Step 1 agree or disagree ‫
م اا‬ 22 6 78.6
‫ﻡا‬ 8 14 63.6
Overall Percentage 72.0
a. The cut value is .500

- C  6 .  *! =

Variables in the Equation

95.0% C.I.for EXP(B)

B S.E. Wald df Sig. Exp(B) Lower Upper
Step
a
COST -.003 .001 4.313 1 .038 .997 .994 1.000
1 INCOME .023 .024 .882 1 .348 1.023 .976 1.073
EDUC -.324 .164 3.903 1 .048 .723 .524 .997
MARITAL 2.067 2 .356
MARITAL(1) -.909 1.060 .734 1 .391 .403 .050 3.221
MARITAL(2) -1.250 .874 2.045 1 .153 .287 .052 1.589
SEX -1.158 1.015 1.303 1 .254 .314 .043 2.294
AGE -.010 .035 .076 1 .783 .990 .925 1.060
Constant 6.328 2.671 5.613 1 .018 560.107
a. Variable(s) entered on step 1: COST, INCOME, EDUC, MARITAL, SEX, AGE.

 208 
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:: 0"I *! 

.=   2 log-Odds )   ; " #$ )C ( N  B 
1

:'      2

Pˆ
log( ) = 6.328 − 0.01age − 1.158 sex − 1.25 married 2 − 0.909 married1 − 0.324 education
1 − Pˆ
+ 0.023 income − 0.003 cos t )
2 3C @& ) " D$; , )  "  ! ( 5   ; P̂ P

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2

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2 2 . 2- 8! 2 . 2- 8!  - : - .  % ( ; E

.7$ 2 &%- 2

Correlation Matrix

Constant COST INCOME EDUC MARITAL(1) MARITAL(2) SEX AGE

Step Constant 1.000 -.379 .023 -.753 -.222 -.336 -.347 -.333
1 COST -.379 1.000 .115 .110 .197 .356 -.030 -.021
INCOME .023 .115 1.000 -.437 .227 .056 -.372 .108
EDUC -.753 .110 -.437 1.000 -.195 .113 .409 -.056
MARITAL(1) -.222 .197 .227 -.195 1.000 .508 -.065 .224
MARITAL(2) -.336 .356 .056 .113 .508 1.000 .056 -.172
SEX -.347 -.030 -.372 .409 -.065 .056 1.000 -.334
AGE -.333 -.021 .108 -.056 .224 -.172 -.334 1.000

 209 
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.( +  3  -   %  

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Reliability Analysis and Factor Analysis

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Reliability 2 3*2 J 2% Reliability Analysis  0 Scale  $*
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H 2 2$* 0 @    x15 8 x1  
B   
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items: N 8 

B  ./ :
 

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Model: N ( alpha ,  "O
4

Reliability Analysis: 2%  3* J % Statistics… @ H  $*
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.Statistics

.Scale if item Deleted  Scale 

& N  $* Descriptive for N (
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& N  $* Inter- Item N (
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Reliability

***** Method 1 (space saver) will be used for this analysis******

R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

Item-total Statistics

Scale Scale Corrected

Mean Variance Item- Alpha
if Item if Item Total if Item
Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

YM1 257,6066 422,9923 ,3127 ,6746

YM2 257,5588 430,4689 ,1472 ,6804
YM3 258,2316 426,6879 ,1880 ,6786
YM4 257,2132 429,7994 ,2102 ,6790
YM5 258,1949 421,7663 ,2438 ,6757
YM6 259,8603 429,5228 ,1029 ,6823
YM7 259,4559 423,5848 ,1897 ,6781
YM8 258,7500 427,8487 ,1489 ,6801
YM9 258,2390 426,1825 ,1804 ,6787
YM10 257,8382 425,0881 ,2418 ,6767
YM11 258,1029 428,0263 ,1709 ,6793
YM12 258,0809 427,0488 ,1965 ,6784
YM13 258,3125 431,5367 ,0886 ,6827
YM14 259,1949 430,8512 ,0793 ,6835
YM15 259,3713 428,4778 ,1319 ,6809
YM16 259,5662 429,1838 ,1199 ,6814
YM17 257,7279 424,3538 ,2610 ,6761
YM18 257,8603 425,2424 ,2769 ,6762
YM19 257,7684 425,6251 ,2259 ,6773
YM20 257,7647 427,6418 ,1726 ,6792
YM21 259,3015 429,0822 ,1318 ,6809
YM22 257,8860 446,8246 -,1748 ,6947
YM23 259,7132 425,7994 ,1693 ,6791
YM24 259,8162 428,3572 ,1358 ,6807
YM25 257,8676 420,7942 ,3023 ,6739
YM26 258,2243 426,6396 ,2117 ,6779
YM27 258,3640 426,6087 ,1709 ,6791
YM28 257,5037 429,1291 ,1940 ,6790
YM29 258,5221 447,7855 -,1897 ,6955
YM30 258,1912 445,2179 -,1418 ,6946
YM31 259,6324 428,5728 ,1298 ,6810
YM32 259,9081 421,0653 ,2597 ,6751
YM33 257,6654 430,0611 ,1421 ,6805
YM34 258,8419 425,2480 ,2071 ,6777
YM35 258,0074 427,4686 ,1583 ,6797
YM36 259,1875 419,0311 ,2876 ,6736
YM37 259,8309 423,9934 ,2130 ,6772
YM38 258,5441 425,8431 ,1369 ,6808
YM39 259,8860 419,7840 ,2669 ,6745
YM40 259,8640 422,5460 ,2310 ,6763
YM41 257,5257 427,7115 ,1990 ,6785

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R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A(

Item-total Statistics

Scale Scale Corrected

Mean Variance Item- Alpha
if Item if Item Total if Item
Deleted Deleted Correlation Deleted

YM42 257,7316 426,0421 ,2279 ,6774

YM43 257,7463 426,9059 ,2114 ,6780
YM44 257,9375 424,5238 ,2300 ,6769
YM45 259,0257 426,0473 ,1677 ,6792
YM46 259,5993 426,7945 ,1461 ,6802
YM47 260,0221 425,0918 ,1943 ,6781
YM48 259,7794 420,4530 ,2663 ,6747
YM49 257,5809 426,7019 ,2385 ,6774
YM50 258,1728 429,0881 ,1726 ,6795
YM51 257,5956 428,4041 ,1803 ,6791
YM52 257,5110 428,9224 ,1798 ,6793
YM53 258,0515 445,9752 -,1617 ,6941
YM54 258,0735 455,4263 -,3047 ,7010
YM55 259,8051 432,1796 ,0685 ,6837
YM56 259,4669 430,0284 ,0969 ,6825
YM57 257,5993 425,3554 ,2513 ,6766
YM58 259,2316 451,2856 -,2522 ,6976
YM59 258,3235 423,0093 ,2499 ,6759
YM60 257,5846 424,5611 ,2718 ,6760
YM61 259,6140 422,8726 ,2246 ,6766
YM62 257,8676 442,9123 -,1106 ,6922
YM63 260,0257 432,1875 ,0707 ,6836
YM64 259,8309 429,5359 ,1078 ,6820
YM65 257,6360 422,5792 ,2977 ,6747
YM66 257,7353 426,9407 ,2090 ,6781
YM67 257,6875 425,5662 ,2509 ,6767
YM68 258,8493 417,8554 ,2845 ,6734
YM69 259,5551 425,2220 ,1809 ,6786
YM70 258,2316 448,3853 -,1971 ,6961
YM71 259,5551 421,9896 ,2389 ,6759
YM72 259,8419 429,4768 ,1124 ,6818
YM73 257,8199 426,0744 ,2319 ,6773
YM74 258,2684 425,2893 ,2262 ,6772
YM75 258,7132 425,5116 ,1635 ,6794
YM76 257,4522 429,6139 ,1624 ,6799
YM77 258,5588 449,1331 -,2078 ,6967
YM78 259,9375 424,5607 ,1996 ,6778
YM79 260,1838 430,0177 ,1194 ,6814
YM80 258,0699 449,9545 -,2320 ,6966
_

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R E L I A B I L I T Y A N A L Y S I S - S C A L E (A L P H A)

Reliability Coefficients

N of Cases = 272,0 N of Items = 80

Alpha = ,6835

scale Mean if item 2# +2 +2 :2* Item- total Statistics 2 3

(

.!
$  3454 * * )  !
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Communalities

Initial Extraction
X1 .290 .255
X2 .295 .133
X3 .348 .427
X4 .300 .191
X5 .276 .173
X6 .367 .265
X7 .231 .114
X8 .267 .266
X9 .357 .255
X10 .346 .285
X11 .259 .203
X12 .294 .199
X13 .495 .538
X14 .365 .353
X15 .344 .361
X16 .284 .265
X17 .306 .201
X18 .268 .154
X19 .375 .288
X20 .390 .224
X21 .355 .305
X22 .287 .261
X23 .283 .189
X24 .323 .213
X25 .375 .371
X26 .213 9.407E-02
X27 .326 .320
X28 .317 .246
X29 .331 .292
X30 .300 .222
X31 .324 .305
X32 .366 .295
X33 .287 .238
X34 .329 .310
X35 .343 .297
X36 .377 .346
X37 .253 .143
X38 .477 .296
X39 .399 .260
X40 .292 .169
X41 .323 .210
X42 .320 .300
X43 .394 .247
X44 .275 .194
X45 .424 .469
X46 .395 .153
X47 .459 .377
X48 .382 .397
X49 .301 .242
X50 .472 .488
X51 .244 .204
X52 .254 .198
X53 .333 .256
X54 .322 .201
X55 .289 .129
X56 .226 .120
X57 .336 .310
X58 .424 .324
X59 .253 .107
X60 .226 .156
Extraction Method: Principal Axis Factoring.

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2 x26 *  P= ) Communality * R

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Total Variance Explained

Initial Eigenvalues Extraction Sums of Squared Loadings Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings
Factor Total % of Variance Cumulative % Total % of Variance Cumulative % Total % of Variance Cumulative %
1 4.467 7.445 7.445 3.762 6.271 6.271 2.300 3.833 3.833
2 2.696 4.494 11.939 1.974 3.291 9.561 2.207 3.679 7.512
3 2.353 3.922 15.861 1.652 2.753 12.314 1.506 2.510 10.021
4 2.261 3.768 19.629 1.568 2.614 14.929 1.484 2.474 12.495
5 1.970 3.284 22.913 1.263 2.106 17.034 1.453 2.422 14.917
6 1.898 3.163 26.075 1.182 1.970 19.004 1.425 2.375 17.291
7 1.835 3.059 29.134 1.099 1.832 20.836 1.389 2.315 19.606
8 1.788 2.979 32.113 1.061 1.769 22.605 1.354 2.257 21.863
9 1.702 2.837 34.950 .951 1.586 24.191 1.162 1.936 23.800
10 1.637 2.728 37.678 .892 1.486 25.677 1.126 1.877 25.677
11 1.510 2.517 40.195
12 1.462 2.436 42.631
13 1.427 2.379 45.009
14 1.370 2.284 47.293
15 1.303 2.172 49.465
16 1.259 2.098 51.563
17 1.203 2.005 53.568
18 1.181 1.968 55.536
19 1.133 1.888 57.424
20 1.120 1.866 59.290
21 1.092 1.819 61.109
22 1.015 1.691 62.800
23 1.003 1.672 64.472
24 .978 1.631 66.103
25 .975 1.625 67.727
26 .906 1.510 69.238
27 .871 1.451 70.688
28 .841 1.402 72.091
29 .829 1.382 73.473
30 .814 1.356 74.829
31 .786 1.311 76.140
32 .759 1.265 77.405
33 .750 1.250 78.655
34 .715 1.192 79.847
35 .698 1.163 81.010
36 .675 1.125 82.134
37 .655 1.092 83.226
38 .624 1.041 84.267
39 .606 1.010 85.277
40 .586 .977 86.254
41 .576 .960 87.214
42 .559 .932 88.146
43 .550 .916 89.062
44 .520 .867 89.929
45 .503 .838 90.767
46 .488 .814 91.581
47 .460 .767 92.349
48 .454 .756 93.104
49 .443 .739 93.843
50 .433 .722 94.566
51 .421 .702 95.267
52 .406 .677 95.944
53 .370 .616 96.560
54 .363 .605 97.165
55 .338 .564 97.729
56 .306 .510 98.239
57 .288 .480 98.719
58 .277 .461 99.180
59 .251 .419 99.599
60 .241 .401 100.000
Extraction Method: Principal Axis Factoring.

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1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58

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Factor Matrixa

Factor
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
X50 .531
X39 .458
X38 .440
X58 .427
X36 .418 .311
X15 -.394 .339
X10 .375
X13 .371 .358
X4 .360
X57 .348
X6 .332
X46 .323
X27 .320
X23 -.309
X32 .309
X40
X49
X43
X11
X35
X18
X31 -.454
X34 .400
X1 -.350
X16 -.337
X20 -.327
X54
X51
X29 .349
X47 .340 -.347
X25 .345
X14 .323
X42
X12
X28
X45 .491
X21 -.352
X41 .310
X9
X22
X17
X52
X48 -.382 .317
X24
X55
X2
X3 .343 .399
X8 -.357
X26
X33 -.345
X53
X7
X37
X44
X59
X19 -.324
X60
X56
X30
X5
Extraction Method: Principal Axis Factoring.
a. 10 factors extracted. 9 iterations required.

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
X50 .614
X57 .488
X38 .438
X18 .352
X43 -.339
X49 -.337
X32
X46
X47 .553
X15 -.438
X29 -.414
X3 .411 -.404
X23 -.397
X31 .388
X35 .348 -.344
X39 .315
X58 .303
X17 -.300
X11
X53 .448
X54 .389
X36 .346 .389
X22 .321
X42 .302
X4
X7
X13 .638
X19 .345
X51 -.340
X20 .317
X30
X40
X45 .611
X48 -.420
X6 .318
X41
X34 -.499
X1 .393
X5 .373
X12 .315
X55
X21 .490
X16 -.394
X25 -.392
X2
X10
X24 .412
X28 .376
X9 .322
X8 -.459
X44 .413
X37 .307
X33
X52
X27 .359
X60 -.345
X56 .318
X14 -.311
X59
X26
Extraction Method: Principal Axis Factoring.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
a. Rotation converged in 19 iterations.

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