(3) Surveying PracticeContent 1, Setting Up Theodolite or transit. 2. Measuring Horizontal Angles. 3. Measuring Vertical Angles with distances.Setting Up for Theodolite A theodolite’ must be set up with its vertical axis erected vertically above the ground mark for measuring the horizontal and vertical angle. The plate bubble of the theodolite must also be set at a level so that the horizontal circle of the theodolite is truly horizontal and therefore perpendicular to the vertical axis. Extend the tripod legs to reach the shoulder height of observer. Then set up the tripod above the ground station. The tribrach consists of two plates: Upper plate & Lower plate 1. The upper plate allows the thedodlite to be fitted onto the tribrach accurately. 2. The lower plate that is the trivet stage is clamped and screwed onto the tripod head. 3. The leveling feet screws are adjusted to the required level in exactly the same way those in other leveling instruments. 4, The locking device is used to secure the theodolite onto the tribrach. Consequently of Job. Example for traverse survey: STA] PT HLA. VA. INCLHOR.] RL. | Hil or. | iNV. [MEAN | NOR” [_INV._| MEAN | pisT. | DIST. A (00%00'00") 52°24'37" }94°28'59"65°31'00]94°29'00"] 19,670 |19.610 1.542 c B_ ]52°21'33"|104%4305'] 52°21°32"| 97°1 109" [262°4s'51'| 97°1 709"| 12.276 | 12.175, © | B_ |ofovo9"] 38°21'50" 95°58'48"|264°D1"12") 95°58'48" | 15.573 |15.507 1.622 A_ 38°2206"] 76%44'13"| 38°2207" | 94°39'22"|265°20738") 94°39°22" | 19.672 | 19.610 B | A |oo'a00"} 89%2637 -96°57'42" 263°02'184 96°57'42" | 12.210 | 12.180 1.480 © | 99%2408" ]178%48'17"} 89°24109"] 95°29117"] 264730144") 95°29'16"|15.590 | 15.510. ‘The HLL. of point C: Triangle = 180° 180°-90°-(180°-95°S8°48") = 5°58748” By Sine Law: HLL / sin 5°58°48” = 15.573 / sin 90° HL = 1.622m ‘The HLL. of point B: Triangle = 180°180°-90°-(180°-96°57°42") = 6°57°42" By Sine Law: HLL. / sin 6°57°42” = 12.210 / sin 90° HLL = 1.480m ‘Measuring Horizontal Angle We have to set up a theodolite above point A and set up reference object either in the form of target or bamboo tripods and plumb-bobs at points B and C B ie A Set up a theodolite at point A. Carry out all necessary point adjustments. Setup reference 1. Object at point B and C precisely above the ground point. Set the telescope in a face left position. 2. Release both the upper & lower plate clamp screw. Set the micrometer reading to zero. 3. Lower plate clamp serew is still loose; direct the telescope towards the point on the point B of the observer by observing 4, Turn the focusing screw of the telescope until point B is sharp and clear on the plane, but it can be easy brought to the point of bisection by the vertical and horizontal with a slight adjustment of lower plate screw. 5. Release the upper & lower clamp screw. 6. Adjust the micrometer until a good bisection is obtained on the main scale. Take the reading and enter itis the form, Shown in Table 1