CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of The Problem

English as an International language becomes an important part of

International society as a tool to communicate with other people from many

countries. It makes people around the world have begun to learn English in

the context of using it is a tool to communicate or as a study to learn the

whole parts of Language.

Learning a language is not only the structure of language such a

grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation but also learning its custom,

tradition, and also Literature as the reflection of the society. English as an

international language has an important role in influencing other countries in

many parts of human life around the world in many ways. One of the themes

in Literature.

Literary work is a medium for expressing the thoughts of the author.

Literary works are imaginative, aesthetic, and pleasing to the reader. Literary

works are created by authors or writers to be enjoyed, understood, and

utilized by society in life. Useful in the sense that literary works can benefit

from the knowledge and cannot be separated from their moral teachings.

Literary works created by the author must contain certain values that

will convey to readers, for example, moral values. Readers are expected to
find and retrieve the moral values.

A novel is a world specially created in the words of its author.

Studying literature, especially novels, will help us better understand life,

environment, and culture. Apart from that, it also helps us to know more

about human problems and social difficulties.

Besides, novels do discuss not only art and stories but also politics,

economics, culture, religion, ethnicity, and language. This novel is also

inspiring in terms of moral and educational values. Moral refers to the

teaching understanding of good and bad received about actions, attitudes,

obligations, morals, etc.

As we know, the Indonesian nation is a nation that is noble, friendly,

and unpretentious. Maybe these nicknames are no longer worthy of being

attached to this nation because there are no such sweet nicknames for the

Indonesian people. In the past, Indonesia was known as a friendly country

with a population full of ethics and courtesy. The community still upholds

manners in social interactions as children behave towards their parents,

parents to younger ones, and relationships between friends.

However, along with the pace of the times, and the growth of

information technology is increasingly rapid. Like it or not, it influences

people's behaviour, especially teenagers who use it more. Nowadays, the

behaviour of teenagers is increasingly concerning. In today's society,

teenagers are freer to express themselves. Not only that but teenagers
nowadays also lack courtesy towards older people. Students who like to fight,

even though they often do it just for fun. Supposedly these students, who

were considered educated by people, could better understand the impact of

the brawl. Just fighting is an act of disgrace, let alone fighting by causing a lot

of harm to the surrounding community.

The decline in the morale of this nation returned to each individual.

Not all Indonesian people are indeed immoral, but we need to remember that

these things will have a huge impact if there is no improvement, so it must be

started from ourselves.

The moral that is conveyed to readers through works of fiction is

certainly very useful and useful. Likewise, the moral contained in the novel

Edensor by Andrea Hirata will be useful for readers. The moral that is

displayed in this novel has much to do with the relationship between human

beings and God, the relationship between human beings and their own self,

and the relationship between human beings and others.

Edensor's novel is interesting to study because it shows how humans

live their lives as overseas students when faced with difficult choices.

Edensor's novel differs from the Laskar Pelangi story setting, and Sang

Pemimpi, Edensor takes the setting abroad when its characters, Ikal and Arai

receive a scholarship from the European Union to study S2 in France. In

Edensor, Andrea remained with her trademark, wrote the story of irony into

parodies, and laughed at her sadness with a cast of views on culture shock
 when the two main figures who came from the Malay interior on the island of

Belitong suddenly were in Paris. Dreams of exploring Europe to Africa and

discovering unexpected connections between events from their past. The

search for true love, A motivating motivation to their exploration, from

winter-crisp in the Russian mainland in Europe, to dry heat in the Sahara

desert.

In a society that is experiencing moral degradation, an assessment of

works that can provide reflection and lessons in life is very much needed.

Edensor's novel is an interesting object of research for writers because it

teaches many things to the public, one of which is that surviving in a different

world is a real struggle for life, and believes in upholding dreams.

In this novel, contained a lot of moral messages that can give

education through its characters. So, the reader can take a lesson by taking of

nature of good and leave the bad nature. A lot of moral values that are

implicitly contained in the novel, the researcher felt interested to research the

title “ The Analysis of Moral Values in The Novel of Edensor by Andrea

Hirata “.The researcher chose to analyze it because it can give reference to

the education world especially will improve students’ motivation in learning

literature which can get some valuable values in real life.

B. Focus and Sub Focus of the Research

1. Focus
 The focus of this research is based on the novel. This Novel is a

part of literary works that can be analyzed from several points of view

such as characters, morality, language, background, theme, tragedy, etc.

The study of the novel actually can cover many aspects. There are

important aspects in the novel, such as; Theme, Plot, Setting, Character,

and Characterization. To make the study more detail and focus, the writer

analyses one novel entitled Edensor by Andrea Hirata.

2. Sub Focus

The sub-focus of this research is based on Moral Value that will be

taken from the story of Edensor By Andrea Hirata. The Researcher

describes the moral values used by characters in solving the problems in

their life in This Novel.

C. Question of the Research

1. What are the types of moral values that the author tries to convey?

2. How are the moral values presented in the novel Edensor?

D. The Benefit of the Research

The researcher hopefully this research can be useful for:

1. Theoretically

The results of this study are expected to contribute toward the

literary world and help the readers of the Edensor novel to grasp the moral

value that contains in the novel. It is to the development of literary works,

especially the literary works that contain moral values.

2. Practically
 This research is expected to provide useful value for parties who

intend to conduct further research and fellow students or readers in

general. It is expected to help readers understand thoroughly what is the

moral values contained in the novel, and take and apply it in their life. It is

expected to become a reference, and the Edensor story from this novel can

be played by readers or students to get the education of moral value in

Literature.