50i Pol Instruction Manual

M362E 10.10.NF.
4 (1/2)
*M362EN04*
Polarizing Microscope
ECLIPSE 50i POL
Instructions
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing a Nikon product.
This instruction manual is written for users of the Nikon Polarizing Microscope ECLIPSE 50i POL.
To ensure correct usage, read this manual carefully before operating the product.
• No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without prior written permission
from Nikon.
• The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.
• Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this manual, errors or inconsistencies
may remain. If you note any points that are unclear or incorrect, please contact your nearest Nikon
representative.
• Some of the equipment described in this manual may not be included in the set you have purchased.
• If you intend to use any other equipment with this product, read the manual for that equipment too.
• If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the
equipment may be impaired.
Training
You can use this product without the need of special training sessions by reading this manual thoroughly before use.
Please kindly contact the distributor if you have any questions or find any errors and anything you are aware of.
1
Safety Precautions
To ensure correct and safe operation, read this manual before using the product.
WARNING and CAUTION Symbols Used in This Manual

Although this product is designed and manufactured to be completely safe during use, incorrect usage or failure to
follow the safety instructions provided may cause personal injury or property damage. To ensure correct usage, read
this manual carefully before using the product. Do not discard this manual and keep it handy for easy reference.
Safety instructions in this manual are marked with the following symbols to highlight their importance. For your safety,
always follow the instructions marked with these symbols.
Symbol Description
Disregarding instructions marked with this symbol may lead to serious injury or
WARNING death.
Disregarding instructions marked with this symbol may lead to injury or property
CAUTION damage.
Meaning of symbols used on the equipment

The symbol appearing on the product indicates the need for caution at all times during use. Always refer to the
instruction manual and read the relevant instructions before manipulating any part to which the symbol has been
affixed.
Biohazard
This symbol on the microscope main unit calls your attention to the following:
• Warning: If a specimen is spilled onto the microscope body, it may cause the danger of
biohazard.
• To avoid biohazard contamination, do not touch the contaminated portion with your bare
hands.
• Decontaminate the contaminated portion according to the standard procedure of your facility.
Caution for heat
This marking on the lamphouse of the ECLIPSE 50i POL calls your attention on the following;
• The lamp and its surroundings (including the lamphouse) become very hot during and
immediately after the illumination.
• Do not touch the lamp and its surroundings during and immediately after the illumination to
prevent the risk of burns.
• Make sure that the lamp and its surroundings are sufficiently cool before the lamp
replacement.
2
Safety Precautions
Take note of the following points to use this product safety and correctly.
WARNING
1. Intended product use (for medical care)
This microscope is intended for use in research and laboratory study at hospitals and other facilities in
the field of geology, mineralogy, and high polymer chemistry.
The diascopic polarization microscopy or episcopic polarization microscopy is used to observe rocks,
minerals, high-polymer materials, and a joint fluid and tissue on a slide as the specimen.
This product is classified as an in-vitro diagnostic medical device.
This product has a scale on a focus knob, etc. but a measurement value using these will not be
guaranteed.
2. Intended user
It is intended for researchers and the medical professional and those who work on experimentations in
the field of mineralogy, high polymer chemistry, and medicine.
3. Do not disassemble
Disassembling this product may result in electric shock or malfunctions. Damage or injury that may
occur due to mishandling is unwarranted.
Never attempt to disassemble any part other than the parts described in this manual. If you experience
problems with the product, contact your nearest Nikon representative.
4. Read the instructions carefully
To ensure safety, carefully read this manual and the manuals provided with any other equipment used
with this product. In particular, observe all warnings and cautions given at the beginning of each
manual.
5. Cautions about the power cord
Be sure to use the specified power cord. Using a wrong power cord may result in malfunctions or fire.
The product is classified as subject to Class I protection against electrical shock. Make sure it is
connected to an appropriate ground terminal (protective earth terminal).
Refer to Chapter 8 for the specified power cord.
To prevent electrical shock, always turn off the main power switch (press is to the “O” position) of the
product before attaching or detaching the power cord.
6. Cautions about heat from the light source
The lamp and its surroundings (including the lamphouse) become very hot during and immediately after
lighting.
• Do not touch the lamp and its surroundings during and immediately after lighting. They become
very hot and may cause burn injuries.
• Always mount the lamphouse cover when using the product.
• Make sure that the lamp and its surroundings are sufficiently cool before the lamp replacement.
• Do not allow cloth, paper, or highly flammable volatile materials, such as gasoline, benzine, paint
thinner or alcohol, to come near the lamphouse while the lamp is lit or within 30 minutes after
switching off the power. They become very hot and may cause fire or burn injuries.
7. Hazardous specimen
This microscope is intended primarily for microscopy of stones, rocks, minerals, high-polymer
materials, and biomedical materials using a polarized light illumination.
Check to determine whether the specimen is hazardous before handling. If the specimen is hazardous,
follow your standard facility procedures. If the specimen is a biomedical material and potentially
infectious, wear rubber gloves and avoid touching specimens. If the specimen is spilled onto this
product, decontaminate the portion according to the standard procedure of your facility.
3
Safety Precautions
CAUTION
1. Isolate the products from the power source during assembly, connection/disconnection of cords,
lamp replacement, and maintenance
To prevent electric shock and/or malfunctions, always turn off the power switches of the product (press
to the “O” position) and unplug the power cord from the wall outlet before assembly, connecting or
disconnecting of cords, lamp replacement, and cleaning of the product and the objective.
2. Cautions in replacing lamps
To prevent burn injuries, wait at least 30 minutes after the lamp is turned off to give it sufficient time to
cool when replacing lamps. And, to avoid electric shock or malfunctions, never attempt to replace lamps
without turning off the power switches for the product and the peripheral devices (press them to the “O”
position). And then, unplug the power cords from the wall outlet.
Make sure the lamphouse cover is securely fitted to the lamphouse after replacing lamps. Never turn on
the lamp while the lamphouse cover is open.
When you dispose of the replaced lamp, do not break it up. Instead, dispose of the used lamp as special
industrial waste or dispose of it according to the local regulations and rules.
3. Use the specified lamp
The product's built-in power source is used for the halogen lamp that is a light source for the diascopic
illumination. A halogen lamp up to 6V-30W can be lit. But, always use the specified halogen lamp. Using
an unspecified lamp may cause malfunctions.
• Specified lamp: 6V-30W (PHILIPS 5761)
4. Prevent contact with moisture
Never allow water to come into contact with the product. And do not use the product in circumstances
where the product is splashed with water. Water splashed onto any component of this product may
cause short circuits, resulting in malfunction or abnormal over heat. If the product is subject to contact
with water, turn off the power switches for the product and the peripheral devices (press them to the
“O” position). And then, unplug the power cords from the wall outlet. And then, wipe off the water with
a piece of dry cloth. If water enters a component, immediately suspend use of this product, disconnect
the power cord from the outlet, and contact your nearest Nikon representative.
5. Do not place any object on top of the product
Do not place any object on top of the product or cover it with a piece of cloth or so on. The system
temperature will rise, resulting in malfunctions.
6. Cautions in assembling, installing, and carrying the product
• Take care to avoid pinching your fingers or hands during the product assembly and installation.
• Scratches or fouling such as fingerprints on optical components (such as lenses and filters) will
degrade microscope images. Be careful to avoid scratches or direct contact with the lenses and
filters when assembling the product.
• The main unit weighs approximately 11 kg. Grasp the main unit by the handle on the back of the
product and the recess at the base on the opposite side from the handle.
• Remove all attachments (if mounted) from the microscope before carrying the microscope.
• Do not install the product in a locker or cabinet.
4
Safety Precautions
CAUTION
7. Cautions as to conditions for operation, transportation, and storage
The product must be operated, transported, or stored under the following conditions. Using or storing
the product in hot, humid locations may result in mold formation or condensation on lenses,
performance degradation, or malfunctions.
• Operating conditions: temperature (0 to +40°C), relative humidity (85% RH max., no

condensation)
• Transportation/storage conditions: temperature (-20 to +60°C), relative humidity (90% RH max.,

no condensation)
8. Remove any covers from the product before switching on.
Do not use the product while covered with a piece of cloth or so on, as this will result in abnormal heat
and fire hazards.
9. Cautions at to concerning long, sustained observations
To relieve fatigue resulting from long observation sessions, limit continuous observations to one hour.
Take at least 10- to 15-minute breaks between observation sessions. Adjust the layout of other
equipment and the height of your chair.
10. Disposal of the product
To avoid biohazard risks, dispose of the product as contaminated equipment according to the standard
procedure specified for your facility.
5
Notes on handling the product
1. Handle with care
This product is a precision optical instrument. Avoid subjecting it to sudden impact and shocks.
Even relatively minor impacts are capable of affecting the precision of the objective.
2. Weak electromagnetic waves
The product emits weak electromagnetic waves. Do not install the product near precision electronic
devices to avoid degrading their performance. If a TV or radio reception is affected, move the TV or radio
farther from the product.
3. Dirt on the lens
Scratches or fouling such as fingerprints on optical components (such as lenses and filters) will degrade
microscope images.
If these parts become dirty, clean them as described in “7. Care and Maintenance” at the end of this
manual.
4. Dirt on the lamp
Never touch the lamp with bare hands. Dirt or fingerprints on the lamp will result in uneven illumination
and reduce the service life of the lamp. Always wear gloves when handling lamps.
5. Installation location
This product is a precision instrument. The usage or storage in an inappropriate environment may result
in malfunctions or poor performance. Consider the following factors when selecting an installation
location:
• Select a vibration-free location. Install the product on a level surface.
• Install the product at least 10 cm away from walls.
• Choose a location less exposed to hazards in the event of collisions, earthquakes, or other potential
disasters. To keep the product from falling, use strong wire or other means if necessary to secure it
to the working desk or to another heavy, stable item.
• Avoid locations exposed to direct sunlight, locations immediately under room lights, and other bright
locations.
• Select a dust-free location.
• To avoid splashes, do not use the product near water.
• Make sure the ambient temperature is 0 to +40°C and relative humidity is 85% or less. And, to
transport or to store the product, the ambient temperature must be -20 to +60°C and relative
humidity is 90% or less (with no condensation). Using or storing the product in hot, humid locations
may result in mold formation or condensation on lenses, performance degradation, or malfunction.
• Do not install the product in a locker or cabinet.
• Select a layout that allows easy removal of the power cord from the product's AC inlet in the event of
an emergency.
• Room lights just above the product may enter the objective as extraneous light. If possible, switch
off room lights directly above the product when making observations.
• Do not use on a desk mat or the like.
6
6. Focusing knobs
• Never turn the focus knobs on the left and right sides of the product in opposite directions at the
same time. Doing so may damage the product.
• Turning the coarse focus knob past its farthest point will damage the product. Never use excessive
force when turning the knob.
7. Protect the ports from dust and extraneous light (when the trinocular eyepiece tube is attached).
To keep out extraneous light and dust, always attach the supplied cap to any port not currently in use.
7
Expressions Used in This Manual
Expressions Used in This Manual
The product names and expressions used in this manual are given below.
The manual uses the following expressions:
Name of device Expressions
Microscope ECLIPSE 50i POL 50i POL

P-TB binocular eyepiece tube Binocular eyepiece tube
P-TT trinocular eyepiece tube Trinocular eyepiece tube
P-I intermediate tube Polarizing intermediate tube
P-N quintuple centering nosepiece Nosepiece or centering nosepiece
P swing-out condenser P swing-out condenser
PT polarizer Dia polarizer
LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator LV-UEPI or epi illuminator
YM-PO polarizer Epi polarizer
LV-LH50PC halogen precentered lamphouse Lamphouse
Power supply device for the lamp Lamp power supply
P-ANH attachable mechanical stage Attachable mechanical stage
Y-TV TV vertical tube adapter TV vertical tube adapter
T-TV55 TV vertical tube adapter 0.55x TV vertical tube adapter 0.55x
DS-5M DS camera head Camera head
DS-L1 DS camera control unit DS-L1
DS camera cable Camera cable
8
Contents
Contents
Introduction ........................................................................................................ 1
Training ....................................................................................................................... 1
Safety Precautions ................................................................................................ 2
WARNING and CAUTION Symbols Used in This Manual ...................................................... 2
Meaning of symbols used on the equipment ..................................................................... 2
WARNING .............................................................................................................. 3
CAUTION ............................................................................................................... 4
Notes on handling the product ........................................................................................ 6
Expressions Used in This Manual..................................................................................... 8
Chapter 1 Part Names.......................................................................................... 12

1.1 Components and Controls .................................................................................. 12
1.1.1 Front Left Side .......................................................................................... 12
1.1.2 Front Right Side ........................................................................................ 13
1.2 Microscope with the Epi Illuminator ..................................................................... 14
1.3 Rear Side ......................................................................................................... 15
1.3.1 Rear Side of the Microscope ........................................................................ 15
1.3.2 When the Lamphouse Cover Is Opened ........................................................ 15
Chapter 2 Microscopy .......................................................................................... 16

2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy ............................................................................. 16
2.2 Orthoscopic Observation .................................................................................... 20
2.3 Conoscopic Observation ..................................................................................... 21
2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)........................................... 22
2.5 Photomicroscopy............................................................................................... 26
Chapter 3 Individual Operations ............................................................................ 28

3.1 Power ON/OFF .................................................................................................. 29
3.1.1 Power Supply for the Microscope ................................................................. 29
3.1.2 Power Supply for the Epi Illuminator ............................................................ 29
3.2 Brightness Adjustment....................................................................................... 30
3.2.1 Adjusting the Brightness Control Knob ......................................................... 30
3.2.2 Adjustment Using the Preset Switch ............................................................. 31
3.2.3 Adjustment Using the ND Filter IN/OUT Lever ............................................... 31
3.2.4 Adjustment Using the Brightness Control Knob on the Power Supply
for the Illuminator ..................................................................................... 31
3.2.5 Adjustment Using ND Filters on the Epi Illuminator ........................................ 32
3.2.6 Transmitted Image in the Episcopic Microscopy.............................................. 32
3.2.7 Camera Adjustment (Adjusting the Brightness of the Image on the Monitor) ..... 32
3.3 Optical Path Selection (for Trinocular Eyepiece Tube)................................................... 33
3.3.1 Light Distribution ....................................................................................... 33
3.3.2 Vertical Tube Adapter ................................................................................. 33
3.3.3 Disabling the Clicking of the Optical Path Selection Lever................................ 33
3.4 Stage Vertical Movement (Focusing) .................................................................... 34
9
Contents
3.4.1 Prohibited Actions ...................................................................................... 34

3.4.2 Knob Rotation and Stage Movement............................................................. 34
3.4.3 Number of Knob Turns and Distance of Stage Travel....................................... 34
3.4.4 Adjusting the Rotating Torque of the Coarse Focus Knob................................. 35
3.4.5 Coarse Focus Stopper Ring ......................................................................... 35
3.5 Stage Rotation.................................................................................................. 36
3.5.1 Stage Rotation .......................................................................................... 36
3.5.2 Attachable Mechanical Stage (Option) .......................................................... 36
3.6 Diopter Adjustment ........................................................................................... 37
3.7 Interpupillary Distance Adjustment ..................................................................... 37
3.8 Adjusting the Condenser Position ........................................................................ 38
3.9 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm ...................................................................... 39
3.9.1 For the Bright-field Microscopy and the Orthoscopic Microscopy ....................... 39
3.9.2 For Conoscopic Microscopy.......................................................................... 40
3.10 Selecting a Condenser ....................................................................................... 40
3.11 Adjusting the Field Diaphragm ............................................................................ 41
3.12 Setting a Filter on the Field Lens ......................................................................... 41
3.13 Centering the Objective ..................................................................................... 42
3.14 Oil Immersion Operation .................................................................................... 43
3.15 Water Immersion Operation ............................................................................... 44
3.16 Polarization Microscopy ...................................................................................... 45
3.16.1 Operation of the Polarizers .......................................................................... 45
3.16.2 Operation of the Analyzer ........................................................................... 46
3.16.3 Azimuth Adjustment of the Polarizer and Analyzer ......................................... 47
3.16.4 Bertrand Lens Operation ............................................................................. 48
3.16.5 P-CL 1/4λ & Tint Plate ................................................................................ 49
3.17 Episcopic Microscopy ......................................................................................... 51
3.17.1 Switching the Episcopic Illumination............................................................. 51
3.17.2 Field Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator.......................................................... 51
3.17.3 Aperture Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator .................................................... 52
3.17.4 Operating Filter on the Epi Illuminator .......................................................... 53
3.18 Image Capturing ............................................................................................... 54
3.18.1 Adjusting Light Intensity............................................................................. 54
3.18.2 Adjusting the Condenser............................................................................. 54
3.18.3 Confirming the Photomicrographic Range...................................................... 54
3.18.4 Confirming the Focus ................................................................................. 54
3.18.5 Making Adjustments to Keep out Ambient Light ............................................. 55
3.18.6 Anti-vibration Measures .............................................................................. 55
Chapter 4 Assembly ............................................................................................ 56

4.1 System Configuration ........................................................................................ 56
4.2 Assembly Procedure .......................................................................................... 57
Chapter 5 Replacing Consumables ......................................................................... 62

5.1 Replacing the Lamp ........................................................................................... 62
10
Contents
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting.................................................................................... 65
6.1 Optical System ................................................................................................. 65
6.2 Mechanical System............................................................................................ 67
6.3 Electrical System .............................................................................................. 67
Chapter 7 Care and Maintenance........................................................................... 68

7.1 Lens Cleaning ................................................................................................... 68
7.2 Cleaning the Product ......................................................................................... 68
7.3 Disinfecting the Product ..................................................................................... 68
7.4 Storage ........................................................................................................... 69
7.5 Periodical Inspection (Fee Charged)..................................................................... 69
Chapter 8 Specifications....................................................................................... 70
8.1 Specifications ................................................................................................... 70
8.1.1 Microscopy (Principles) ............................................................................... 70
8.1.2 Performance Properties .............................................................................. 70
8.1.3 Physical Properties ..................................................................................... 71
11
1 Part Names
1.1 Components and Controls
1.1.1 Front Left Side
C mount adapter (option)
TV vertical tube adapter (option) Binocular part
Trinocular eyepiece tube
Polarizing intermediate tube Analyzer slider
P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate *1
Centering nosepiece
Microscope main body
Objective
Vernier
Condenser focus knob
Coarse focus torque Stage rotation clamp screw

adjustment knob
Coarse focus knob Stage clamp screw
Fine focus knob Condenser

(P swing-out condenser)
Dia polarizer
(bottom of the condenser)
Power switch
Orientation plate
*1 It can be changed to the optional P-CS Senarmont compensator or P-CQ quartz wedge.
12
Chapter 1 Part Names
1.1 Components and Controls
1.1.2 Front Right Side
Eyepiece
Diopter adjustment
ring
Optical path selection lever
(only for the trinocular
eyepiece tube)
Bertrand lens centering screws

(both sides)
Bertrand lens turret
Bertrand lens focus ring
Microscope main body
Specimen holders *2
Circular graduated stage

Condenser focus knob
Condenser aperture scale

Coarse focus stopper ring
Condenser aperture
Coarse focus knob
diaphragm ring
Condenser centering screws Fine focus knob
ND filter IN/OUT levers
Field lens part

Preset brightness control
Preset switch
Power indicator Brightness control knob
Field diaphragm control
*2 They are removed when the optional attachable mechanical stage is used.
13
1.2 Microscope with the Epi Illuminator
1.2 Microscope with the Epi Illuminator
Lamphouse *3
Filter slider
Dummy slider
Epi illuminator (LV-UEPI) Aperture diaphragm

open/close lever
Field diaphragm
Illumination selection lever centering screws (both sides)
(bright-field/dark-field)
Field diaphragm
open/close lever
Polarizer slider or
dummy slider
*3 The power supply for the epi illuminator is also required.
14
1.3 Rear Side
1.3 Rear Side
1.3.1 Rear Side of the Microscope
Handle
Input voltage indication
Lamphouse
AC inlet
Tool
1.3.2 When the Lamphouse Cover Is Opened
Lamphouse cover
Halogen lamp
15
2 Microscopy
.
2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy
This section describes the diascopic bright-field microscopy using the built-in lamp of the
microscope.
1 Turn on the power.

When the microscope has power applied to it, the
power indicator on the right side of the microscope
is lit.
⇒ P.29
Push the power switch to
the “I” position.
2 When the episcopic illuminator is

attached, turn off the episcopic
illuminator. And then, pull the
illumination selection lever to set
the dark-field position for it.
⇒ P.51
Set to the DF position.
3 Rotate the brightness control knob

to adjust the brightness.
Or, push the preset switch to apply the voltage that
will make good color reproducibility.
⇒ P.30
Adjust the brightness, or

push the preset switch.
4 Push in the analyzer slider on the

polarizing intermediate tube to
Remove the
analyzer from
the optical path.
remove the analyzer from the
optical path.
⇒ P.46
16
Chapter 2 Microscopy
5 Move the Bertrand lens turret to

the “O” position to remove the
Bertrand lens from the optical
path.
⇒ P.48
Remove the
Bertrand lens
from the optical
path.
6 Move the 10X objective into the

optical path.
7 Set the specimen in place with the

cover glass facing up.
Set the 10X
objective.
8 Raise the condenser as high as it

will go.
Set the
specimen with
the specimen
holders.
Raise the condenser

with the condenser
focus knob.
9 Fully open the field diaphragm and

the condenser aperture Fully open the
diaphragm. aperture
diaphragm with
the aperture
diaphragm
knob.
Fully open the field

diaphragm with the field
diaphragm control.
10 Set the optical path to make 100%

light go into the binocular part
Set the optical path to
make 100% light go into
the binocular part.
when using the trinocular
eyepiece tube.
⇒ P.33
17
11 Focus on the specimen.

Fully loosen the coarse focus stopper ring.
⇒ P.34
Focus on the specimen

using the coarse focus
knob and the fine focus
knob.
12 Adjust the diopters and the

interpupillary distance.
⇒ P.37
13 Center the objective.

⇒ P.42
Special tools are provided with

the nosepiece. Insert the special
tools into the centering screw
holes on both sides to center the
objective.
14 Focus and center the condenser.

⇒ P.38
Move the condenser

with the condenser Center the condenser
focus knob. with the condenser
centering screws.
18
15 Switch to any desired objective

and view the specimen.
• Each time you change objectives, the field Switch to any
desired objective
diaphragm and the condenser aperture
diaphragm must be adjusted.
For the bright-field microscopy, the field aperture
should be adjusted so that its image
circumscribes the view field. And the condenser
aperture diaphragm should be 70% to 80% of the
numerical aperture of the objective.
⇒ P.39
⇒ P.41 Condenser aperture Field diaphragm

diaphragm knob control
• Focus on the specimen again using the fine focus
knob or the coarse focus knob. Focus on the specimen using
the coarse focus knob and the
⇒ P.34 fine focus knob.
• To use an oil immersion type objective or a water
immersion type objective, perform the oil
immersion or water immersion.
16 Turn off the power after

completing the observation.
Push the power switch

to the “0” position.
19
2.2 Orthoscopic Observation
2.2 Orthoscopic Observation
This section describes the orthoscopic observation procedure. This is the characteristic
observation method of polarizing microscopes. In this method, the specimen is observed with
the polarizer and the analyzer placed in the optical path.
The shape of the specimen in the direction of the optical axis and its optical properties in the
direction of the thickness can be observed. The vibration direction of the light and the property
of the refraction can be measured with observations of light extinction or interference colors of
specimens and rotations of the stage.
1 Focus on the specimen with the diascopic bright-field

microscopy. (Refer to “2.1 Diascopic Bright-field
Microscopy.”)
2 Pull the analyzer slider of the

intermediate tube to move the
Move the analyzer
into the optical path.
analyzer into the optical path.
Set the scale for the analyzer to the “0” position.
And, remove the Bertrand lens from the optical path.
3 Set the polarizer to the bottom of

the condenser.
Set the polarizer.
4 Adjust the orientation of the

polarizer and the analyzer.
⇒ P.47
After the adjustment, set the specimen again and focus

on it.
5 Perform the orthoscopic microscopy.

• You can measure the retardation in various range with the P-CL 1/4 λ & tint plate.（⇒ P.49）
• The condenser aperture diaphragm and the field diaphragm must be adjusted in the same
ways for the bright-field microscopy.
• The top lens of the P swing-out condenser is used depending on the magnification of the
objective.
Objective Top lens position of the swing-out condenser
10X or higher IN
4X or lower OUT
20
2.3 Conoscopic Observation
2.3 Conoscopic Observation
This section describes the conoscopic observation procedure. This is the characteristic
observation method of polarizing microscopes. In this method, the specimen is observed with
the polarizer, the analyzer, and the Bertrand lens placed in the optical path.
The specimen can be observed from various angles with diascopic light in the form of a single
image. However, the shape of the specimen itself is not visible with this observation. You can
distinguish the property of the specimen between uniaxial and biaxial and observe the optical
axial angle and optical characteristics of the specimen.
1 Perform the orthoscopic observation. (Refer to “2.2

Orthoscopic observation.”)
2 Rotate the Bertrand lens turret to

the “B” position to move the
Bertrand lens into the optical path.
Move the
Bertrand lens
into the optical
path.
3 Focus and center the Bertrand

lens.
Center the Bertrand
lens using the two
screws.
⇒ P.48
Focus the
Bertrand lens.
4 Perform the conoscopic microscopy.

• The P-CL 1/4 λ & tint plate is not used in this microscopy. Move it to the vacant position.
• Select an objective having a large numerical aperture (high magnification: normally 40X or
higher)·
• The condenser aperture diaphragm should be adjusted so that its image circumscribes the
conoscopic view field or should be fully opened.
• The field diaphragm should be adjusted so that its image circumscribes the conoscopic view
field.
• The top lens of the swing-out condenser must be placed in the optical path.
21
2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)
2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator

Option)
You can perform the episcopic microscopy with the epi illuminator option.
Before the microscopy
• If the cumulative lit-on time has exceeded the average operation life for lamps
of its kind, replace the lamp.
1 Turn off the power switch of the

microscope.
⇒ P.29
• If the power of the microscope is supplied, the

diascopic illumination will be lit. If you wish to
use the epi-illumination and the diascopic
illumination simultaneously, see “2.1 Diascopic Push the power
Bright-field Microscopy” to adjust the diascopic switch to the “O”
illumination. position.
2
Set the optical
Set the optical path to make 100% path to make
100% light go
light go into the binocular into the binocular
eyepiece when using the part
trinocular eyepiece tube.
3 Push in the analyzer slider on the

polarizing intermediate tube to
Remove the
analyzer from the
optical path.
remove the analyzer from the

optical path.
22
4 Move the Bertrand lens turret to

the “O” position to remove the
Bertrand lens from the optical
path.
Remove the
Bertrand lens from
the optical path.
5 Push in the illumination selection

lever on the epi illuminator to set
the bright-field position for it.
Push in the
illumination
selection lever (BF).
6 Turn on the lamp power supply for

the epi illumination. Rotate the
brightness control knob to adjust
the brightness.
Adjust the Turn on the power

brightness. supply.
7 Move the 10X objective into the

optical path.
Set the 10X
objective.
8 Set the specimen in place with the

Set the specimen
with the specimen
holders
23
9
Move the open/close
Fully open the field diaphragm and lever to upper position
to fully open the field
the aperture diaphragm. diaphragm and the
aperture diaphragm.
10 Move the NCB 11 filter into the

optical path.
Move the NCB 11 filter into the

optical path. And adjust the
brightness with ND filters.
11 Adjust the brightness with the ND

filters.
12 Focus on the specimen.
Fully loosen the coarse focus

stopper ring.
⇒ P.34
Focus on the specimen

using the coarse focus knob
and the fine focus knob.
24
13
Focus on the
Switch to any desired objective specimen
using the
and view the specimen. coarse focus Adjust the
knob and the brightness
• Each time you change objectives, the field fine focus with the
knob. ND filters.
diaphragm and the condenser aperture
diaphragm must be adjusted.
For the bright-field microscopy, the field aperture
should be adjusted so that its image
circumscribes the view field. And the aperture
diaphragm should be 70% to 80% of the
⇒ P.51 Switch to
any desired
⇒ P.52 objective.
• Focus on the specimen again using the fine focus
knob or the coarse focus knob.
⇒ P.53
• Use the ND filters on the epi illuminator to adjust

the brightness.
• To use an oil immersion type objective or a water

immersion type objective, perform the oil Adjust the field diaphragm
immersion or water immersion. and the aperture diaphragm.
14 To perform the episcopic

polarization microscopy, insert the
Move the analyzer into
polarizer slider into the place on the optical path.
the side of the illuminator and
place the analyzer on the
intermediate tube into the optical
path.
• The polarizer azimuth should be adjusted with
the ring on the polarizer slider. For the
adjustment method, see P.45.
Move the polarizer into
• To perform the conoscopic microscopy, move the the optical path.
Bertrand lens into the optical path. (See “2.3
Conoscopic Observation.”)
15 To return to the bright-field microscopy

• Turn off the power supply for the lamp.
• Pull the illumination selection lever on the epi illuminator to set the dark-field position for it.
• Turn on the power switch of the microscope to light the diascopic illumination.
• Remove the analyzer and the Bertrand lens from the optical path.
16 Turn off all the power after completing the observation.
25
2.5 Photomicroscopy
2.5 Photomicroscopy
For detailed discussions of the camera, photomicroscopic software, and PC, refer to the
operating manuals provided with the respective products. The following instructions assume a
DS-5M DS camera head and DS-L1 camera control unit.
1 Adjust the microscope for proper image observation.

See the directions given in sections from “2.1 Diascopic Bright-field Microscopy” to “2.4 Episcopic
Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option).”
2 Adjust the camera head attaching position until the image is

displayed properly.
Loosen the attachment guide fixing screw on the C
mount and adjust the camera position so that
moving the stage left-right moves the image on the
monitor in the opposite direction. After making the
appropriate adjustments, tighten the screws firmly.
(B)
(A)
Adjust the directions (A) and (B).
3 Make camera settings.

For detailed information, refer to the operating manual provided with the camera.
When using the DS-L1, you must choose and enter at least the following information:
• Folder for data storage
• Name of file to be saved (You can select “Auto.”)

• File format and file size
• Date and destination of data
4 Select the camera scene mode suitable for the microscopy

method.
5 Set the camera white balance.

To adjust the white balance, press the WB button while capturing an image of a clear section of
a specimen slide. For fluorescent photomicrography, adjust the white balance under normal
lighting conditions before the image capturing.
26
2.5 Photomicroscopy
6 Capture and save images.

Position the specimen.
Readjust the focus.
Adjust the image brightness using the camera exposure compensation function.
Check the image using the Freeze button.
When the image is acceptable, press the CAPT. button to save the image.
The operating procedure differs if DF/FL scene mode is selected. For details, see the manual for
the camera.
27
3 Individual Operations
Item Title Operating sections
3.1 Power ON/OFF Power switch
3.2 Brightness adjustment Brightness control knob, preset switch, ND filter, and color
compensating filter
3.3 Optical path selection (for trinocular Optical path selection lever
eyepiece tube)
3.4 Stage vertical movement (Focusing) Coarse/fine focus knobs, coarse focus torque adjustment
knob, and coarse focus stopper ring
3.5 Stage rotation Circular graduated stage, vernier, and stage rotation clamp
screw
3.6 Diopter adjustment Diopter adjustment rings
3.7 Interpupillary distance adjustment Eyepiece sleeve
3.8 Adjusting the condenser position Condenser focus knob, condenser centering screws
3.9 Adjusting the aperture diaphragm Condenser aperture diaphragm, objective
3.10 Selecting a condenser Condenser
3.11 Adjusting the field diaphragm Field diaphragm control
3.12 Setting a filter on the field lens NCB filter, ND 16 filter, GIF filter
3.13 Centering the objective Centering nosepiece, objective
3.14 Oil immersion operation Oil immersion type objective, oil immersion type condenser
3.15 Water immersion operation Water immersion type objective, water immersion type
condenser
3.16 Polarization microscopy Polarizer for diascopic microscopy, polarizer for episcopic
microscopy, polarizing intermediate tube (analyzer, Bertrand
lens), P-CL 1/4 λ & tint plate, P-CS Senarmont compensator,
P-CQ quartz wedge
3.17 Episcopic microscopy Epi illuminator
3.18 Image capturing Camera
28
Chapter 3 Individual Operations
3.1 Power ON/OFF
3.1 Power ON/OFF
3.1.1 Power Supply for the Microscope
To turn on the microscope, press the power switch

to the “I” position.
To turn off the microscope, press the power switch

to the “O” position.
When the power to the microscope is on, the power

indicator on the right side of the microscope is lit.
Power switch
Power indicator
3.1.2 Power Supply for the Epi Illuminator
To turn on the power supply, press the power

switch to the “I” position. The lamp will be lit.
To turn off the power supply, press the power

switch to the “O” position. The lamp will be turned
off.
When the power to the power supply is on, the

Power indicator Power switch
power indicator on the front of the power supply is
lit.
29
3.2 Brightness Adjustment
The brightnesses of images are adjusted with the following methods:
Method Operating controls Section
Diascopic image Adjusting the lamp voltage (causes Brightness control knob (microscope 3.2.1
color temperature shifts) body)
Preset switch, preset brightness 3.2.2

volume-control
Setting ND filters (free from color ND filter IN/OUT lever 3.2.3

temperature shifts)
Episcopic image Adjusting the lamp voltage (causes Brightness control knob on the power 3.2.4
color temperature shifts) supply for the illuminator
Setting ND filters (free from color Filter slider on the epi illuminator 3.2.5
temperature shifts)
Extincting episcopic images Power switch for the microscope 3.2.6
(Monitor image) Camera adjustment Application software for camera 3.2.7

control: display mode, exposure
mode, exposure compensation,
camera gain adjustment, and so on.
3.2.1 Adjusting the Brightness Control Knob
With the preset switch in the out position, rotate

the brightness control knob. (The brightness control
knob is disabled if the preset switch is depressed.)
Brightness control knob Image brightness
Clockwise rotation Becomes brighter. The preset switch

Brightness must not be
Counterclockwise rotation Becomes darker. control knob depressed.
Color temperature shift
Adjusting brightness with the brightness control knob will affect the lamp color temperature and
alter the color balance of the image. When accurate color reproduction is critical, set the
brightness control knob to a midpoint setting and use the ND filters to make brightness
adjustments.
30
3.2.2 Adjustment Using the Preset Switch
Push in the preset switch to enable the brightness

level (lamp voltage) previously set with the preset
brightness volume-control.
Toggle the preset switch – that is to say, return it

to the out position – to enable the brightness
control knob setting.
Preset switch Preset brightness

volume-control
How to use the preset brightness volume-control
Push in the preset switch to set it to the depressed position.

While viewing the actual image, turn the volume-control with a precision screwdriver until the
desired brightness is achieved.
Setting the preset switch to the depressed position enables the brightness level set with the
preset brightness volume-control .
3.2.3 Adjustment Using the ND Filter IN/OUT Lever
Pushing in the upper lever moves the ND filter

(light intensity adjustment filter) into the optical
path and reduces brightness. The color balance of
the image remains unaffected.
Upper lever : filter IN

Lower lever : filter OUT
3.2.4 Adjustment Using the Brightness Control Knob on the Power Supply
for the Illuminator
To perform the episcopic microscopy with the epi

illuminator, turn on the power supply for it and adjust
the brightness control knob.
Brightness control knob Image brightness
Rotate clockwise To brighten the image

Brightness control knob
Rotate counterclockwise To darken the image
31
3.2.5 Adjustment Using ND Filters on the Epi Illuminator
The LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator has two filter

sliders. You can use suitable ND filters by operating
the filter sliders.
ND filters are used to adjust the light intensity. A

large number filter has a low transmittance and is
used to get a dark image. ND filters do not affect
the color balance.
ND4 and ND16 filters are provided. You can get the
following four types of brightness by using these
filters.
Filter sliders
Brightness ND4 ND16
1 Out Out
1/4 In Out
1/16 Out In
1/64 In In
(Out: out of the optical path, In: in the optical path）
3.2.6 Transmitted Image in the Episcopic Microscopy
To perform the episcopic microscopy with the epi illuminator, turn off the power switch of the
microscope to extinct the transmitted image in normal times.
3.2.7 Camera Adjustment

(Adjusting the Brightness of the Image on the Monitor)
When observing images captured by the camera and displayed on the monitor, you can adjust
brightness by varying camera adjustment parameters, such as display mode, exposure mode,
metering mode, exposure compensation, and image level adjustment.
For detailed information, refer to the operating manual provided with the camera or camera
control software.
32
3.3 Optical Path Selection (for Trinocular Eyepiece Tube)
3.3 Optical Path Selection (for Trinocular Eyepiece Tube)
3.3.1 Light Distribution
With the trinocular eyepiece tube, the optical path Optical path
selection lever allows the light distribution to the selection lever
binocular section and vertical tube section.
Light distribution
Optical path (%)
selection lever
position Binocular Vertical tube
section section
Pushed in 100 0
Pulled out one notch 20 80
Pulled out two notches 0 100
3.3.2 Vertical Tube Adapter
The TV vertical tube adapter or the TV vertical tube TV vertical tube

adapter
adapter 0.55X can be mounted on the vertical tube
section of the trinocular eyepiece tube. To mount
the adapter, remove the cap from the vertical tube
section of the trinocular eyepiece tube, insert the
vertical tube adapter, and fix it with three screws
on the vertical tube section with the attached tool.
This picture shows the TV vertical tube

adapter and C mount adapter.
3.3.3 Disabling the Clicking of the Optical Path Selection Lever
The trinocular eyepiece tube has a “NO CLICK”

switch on the tube attaching surface. Slide this
switch in the direction of the arrow with the tip of a
pointed tool to disable clicking for the optical path
switching lever. Set the switch to this position if
you need to eliminate the slight vibrations resulting NO CLICK
from the clicking action.
33
3.4 Stage Vertical Movement (Focusing)
3.4.1 Prohibited Actions
Avoid the following actions, which can cause equipment malfunctions. Never do them at all.
• Rotating the right and left coarse/fine focus knobs in opposite directions.
• Rotating the coarse focus knob past the stopper.
3.4.2 Knob Rotation and Stage Movement
To move the stage up/down, rotate the coarse

focus knob or the fine focus knob located on both
sides of the microscope.
You can move the stage up/down to focus on the

specimen by rotating these knobs.
To lower the stage Turn the knob toward the front.
To raise the stage Turn the knob toward the back.

Fine focus knob
Coarse focus knob
3.4.3 Number of Knob Turns and Distance of Stage Travel
Number of knob turns Distance of stage travel (vertical direction)
Coarse focus knob 1 turn Approx. 13.8 mm
Fine focus knob 1 turn Approx. 0.1 mm
Fine focus knob 1 notch 1 μm
The vertical motion range (coarse/fine focus stroke) of the stage is from 2 mm above the focal
point (reference position) to approximately 28 mm below the focal point.
34
3.4.4 Adjusting the Rotating Torque of the Coarse Focus Knob
Adjust the rotation torque of the coarse focus ring

(rotation resistance) by turning the torque
adjustment ring (TORQUE) located at the base of
the coarse focus knob. If the torque is too low, the
stage may descend with its own weight.
Rotate the ring in the To make the knob harder to

direction of arrow turn
Coarse focus torque
Rotate the ring in the To make the knob easier to adjustment ring
direction opposite to arrow turn
3.4.5 Coarse Focus Stopper Ring
When the coarse focus stopper ring is rotated in the

direction of the arrow (labeled “CLAMP→”), the
coarse focus knob cannot be used to move the
stage any higher.
(Movement of the stage by the fine focus knob is

not restricted.)
If you must change specimens and move the stage

up/down repeatedly, it will save your time for
focusing that the coarse focus stopper ring is fixed
at the focus point.
Coarse focus
Example usage stopper ring
With the sample in focus, turn the coarse focus

stopper ring as far as it goes in the direction of the
arrow (labeled “CLAMP→”). When changing the
sample, lower the stage by turning only the coarse
focus knob. After changing the sample, gently raise
the stage by turning only the coarse focus knob as
far as it goes. The sample should be roughly in
focus.
Rotate the ring in the direction of To restrict the movement of the

arrow as far as it goes coarse focus knob
Rotate the ring in the direction To release the restriction

opposite to arrow as far as it goes
35
3.5 Stage Rotation
3.5 Stage Rotation
3.5.1 Stage Rotation
To rotate the circular graduated stage, loosen the

stage rotation clamp screw and turn the whole
stage carefully by hand. Vernier
The angle of rotation can be read to 0.1 degrees

with the two vernier scales.
Stage rotation
clamp screw
3.5.2 Attachable Mechanical Stage (Option)
The optional attachable mechanical stage is

Clamp screw
installed by inserting the two pins on the bottom
into the two pinholes on the stage surface. Tighten
the clamp screw using the supplied hexagonal Positioning pins
wrench.
To move the specimen position under observation,

rotate the knob on the stage. You can adjust the
position in the X-direction and Y-direction
individually. (Travel range: 35 x 25 mm) The travel
amount can be read to 0.1 mm with the two vernier
scales.
Specimens are fixed with a lever. So you can

change specimens with easy operation.
36
3.6 Diopter Adjustment
3.6 Diopter Adjustment
Diopter adjustment compensates for differences in visual acuity between the right and left eyes,
improving binocular observation. It also minimizes focal deviations when switching objectives.
In the case of a polarizing microscope, since an eyepiece containing crosshairs is used for the
right eye, the procedure for adjusting the diopter differs from that of an ordinary microscope.
(1) Observe the right eyepiece with the right eye. (1) Focus on the
(3) Focus on the
Turn the diopter adjustment ring to bring the crosshair with the
specimen with
crosshair in the eyepiece into focus. right eye.
the left eye.
(2) Still observe the right eyepiece with the right
eye. Turn the fine/coarse focus adjustment
knob to bring the specimen on the stage into
focus.
(3) Observe the left eyepiece with the left eye.

Turn the diopter adjustment ring on the
eyepiece to bring the specimen into focus.
(not the fine/coarse focus adjustment knob)
(2) Focus on the specimen with the

right eye.
3.7 Interpupillary Distance Adjustment
Interpupillary adjustment improves the ease of

binocular observation.
Converge until
Perform steps 1 to 12 in “2.1 Diascopic Bright-Field the right and left
Microscopy” and focus on the specimen using the view fields
10x objective. Then, move the eyepiece sleeve until coincide.
View field
the view fields for the right and left eyes coincide.
37
3.8 Adjusting the Condenser Position
3.8 Adjusting the Condenser Position
Adjust the condenser position (focusing and centering) so that the light passing through the
condenser forms an image at the correct location (center of the optical path) on the specimen
surface.
(1) Perform steps in “2.1 Diascopic Bright-Field

Microscopy” and focus on the specimen using
the 10x objective.
(2) Stop down the field diaphragm to the

minimum setting.
(3) Turn the condenser focus knob to form the

field diaphragm image on the specimen
surface.
(4) Turn the condenser centering screws so that

Move the field diaphragm control to
the field diaphragm image is positioned in the stop down the field diaphragm to
center of the view field. its minimum setting.
(5) Move the 40X objective into the optical path.

Turn the coarse/fine focus knobs and focus on
the specimen.
(6) Turn the condenser focus knob to form the

field diaphragm image on the specimen
surface.
(7) Turn the condenser centering screws so that

the field diaphragm image is positioned in the
Condenser
center of the view field. This is easiest if you focus knob Condenser
set the field diaphragm aperture to slightly centering screw
smaller than the eyepiece view field.
Field diaphragm image Field diaphragm image
Eyepiece viewfield Eyepiece viewfield
38
3.9 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm
3.9 Adjusting the Aperture Diaphragm
The aperture diaphragm for the diascopic microscopy is adjusted with the condenser aperture
diaphragm knob.
For the diaphragms of the epi illuminator, refer to “3.17 Episcopic microscopy.”
3.9.1 For the Bright-field Microscopy and the Orthoscopic Microscopy
The numerical aperture for the condenser can be read with the scale on it. You can adjust the
numerical aperture with the scale. For the bright-field microscopy and the orthoscopic
microscopy, set the index of the aperture diaphragm to the point between 70% and 80% of the
numerical aperture of the objective in normal cases. The numerical aperture of the objective is
labeled on its side.
Numerical aperture
Objective
Condenser
aperture
diaphragm
knob
The aperture diaphragm is important because it is related to the resolution, contrast, depth of
focus and brightness of the optical image. Turning the condenser aperture diaphragm ring
changes the size of the aperture diaphragm.
As the aperture diaphragm is stopped down, resolution and brightness are reduced while
contrast and depth of focus are increased. Conversely, as the aperture diaphragm is opened,
resolution and brightness are increased while contrast and depth of focus are reduced. It is not
possible to adjust one pair of characteristics without affecting the other. Generally, a satisfactory
image with appropriate contrast can be obtained with an aperture setting that is 70% to 80% of
the numerical aperture of the objective. The numerical aperture is indicated on the barrel of each
objective.
An indication of 40×/0.65 means that the magnification is 40× and the numerical
aperture is 0.65.
If the aperture diaphragm is stopped down too far, the resolution is reduced; therefore, except
when viewing a nearly transparent specimen, we do not recommend stopping down the aperture
to less than 60% of the numerical aperture of the objective.
Adjusting the size of the aperture diaphragm according to the condenser scale
Since the condenser scale indicates the numerical aperture, adjust the aperture diaphragm ring
according to the scale. (Normally, the index on the aperture diaphragm ring should be aligned
with the scale line corresponding to 70% to 80% of the numerical aperture of the objective.)
Adjusting the size of the aperture diaphragm using the Bertrand lens
Insert the Bertrand lens into the optical path (by placing in position “B”). Turn the diaphragm
control ring to stop down the aperture diaphragm to its minimum setting. Turn the Bertrand lens
focus ring to focus on the aperture diaphragm image. Turn the diaphragm control ring to adjust
the aperture diaphragm. (This is normally adjusted to 70-80% of the view field.)
39
3.10 Selecting a Condenser
3.9.2 For Conoscopic Microscopy
For the conoscopic microscopy, the condenser aperture diaphragm functions as a field diaphragm
on the conoscopic image surface. Stop down the diaphragm until it circumscribes the
circumference of the view field of the conoscopic image (pupil of the objective).
3.10 Selecting a Condenser
To perform the polarization microscopy, the P swing-out condenser must be used.
Objective P swing-out condenser

magnification (✓: suitable, -: not suitable)
1x -
2x
✓Note 1
4x
10x to 100x ✓
Note 1: Swing out the top lens before use.
Depending on the type of objective, the indicated numerical aperture of the objective may not be
achieved.
For example, when an objective with an N.A. of 1.4 is used, the maximum aperture of the P
swing-out condenser will be only about 65% of the objective's N.A., even when the condenser
aperture diaphragm is fully open.
How to use the P swing-out condenser
The top lens of the P swing-out condenser can be

moved outside the optical path with the swing-out
knob.
During normal bright-field microscopy or

orthoscopic microscopy using a low-power objective
of 4× or lower, swing out the top lens.
During microscopies using an objective of 10X or

higher or conoscopic microscopy, the top lens is
placed into the optical path.
Top lens Swing-out knob
During measurement of retardation or evaluation
by interference color, swing out the top lens (the
condenser aperture diaphragm may be stopped
down) and illuminate with light that is as parallel to
the optical axis as possible.
40
3.11 Adjusting the Field Diaphragm
3.11 Adjusting the Field Diaphragm
The field diaphragm restricts illumination to the

area of the specimen that is being viewed.
Operating the field diaphragm control changes the

size of the field diaphragm. For normal observation,
the size of the diaphragm should be such that it is
just outside the edge of the viewfield.
If a broader area than necessary is illuminated,

stray light will enter the optical system, creating
flaring, reducing the contrast of the optical image,
Field diaphragm control
and expanding the area of color fading of the
specimen. Appropriate field diaphragm settings are
particularly important for photomicrography and
digital image capturing.
In general, good results will be obtained by

stopping down the field diaphragm to settings
slightly wider than the area to be reproduced within
the photo frame or monitor display.
* For the field diaphragm of the epi illuminator,

refer to “3.17 Episcopic microscopy.”
3.12 Setting a Filter on the Field Lens
You can attach a filter of 45 mm diameter into the filter pocket of the field lens part (beneath the
condenser). (option)
Filter Application
NCB 11 (color balancing filter) For color balance adjustment and color photomicrography
ND 16 (transmittance: 6%) For brightness adjustment
GIF For retardation measurement and contrast adjustment
41
3.13 Centering the Objective
3.13 Centering the Objective
To perform the polarization microscopy, the center of the objective optical path must be aligned
to the rotation center of the circular graduated stage. This product comes with the centering
nosepiece. You can perform the centering adjustment for each objective.
Required tools: two centering tools (provided with the nosepiece)
(1) Before centering the objectives, focus on a

specimen using the 10X objective.
(2) Bring an appropriate target such as granules

that can be easily used as a marker in the
specimen to the center of the crosshairs of the
eyepiece.
(3) Insert the centering tools into the centering

screws on the nosepiece.
(4) Rotate the stage about 180°. Move the

objective using the centering tools so that the
center of the crosshairs moves by one-half the
amount of movement of the target.
(5) Move the specimen and bring the target to the

center of the crosshairs.
(6) Repeat this procedure several times. Carry out Special tools are provided with
this centering procedure for each objective. the nosepiece. Insert the special
tools into the centering screw
holes on both sides to center the
objective.
180°
rotation
Middle point
Target of the
movement
42
3.14 Oil Immersion Operation
3.14 Oil Immersion Operation
Objectives marked “oil” are oil-immersion type

objectives. These objectives are used with
immersion oil (option) between the specimen and
the tip of the objective.
Bubbles in the oil will adversely affect the viewing
of the image. Be careful to prevent bubbles from
forming. To check for air bubbles, fully open the
field diaphragm and aperture diaphragm, remove
the eyepiece, and examine the pupil (bright round
section) of the objective inside the eyepiece tube. If
it is difficult to ascertain the presence of bubbles,
place the Bertrand lens into the optical path. Then,
check for air bubbles while turning the Bertrand
lens focus ring to change the focus. (P.48):
• Turn the nosepiece slightly to move the oil-immersed objective back and forth once or
twice. (In the case of the condenser, gently turn the condenser focus knob to move the
condenser up and down slightly.)
• Apply more oil.
• Remove the oil and replace it with new oil.
Use as little oil as possible (just enough to fill the space between the tip of the objective and the
specimen, or between the tip of the condenser and the specimen). If too much oil is applied, the
excess oil will flow onto the stage or around the condenser.
Wipe off oil
Any oil remaining on the oil-immersion objective or adhering to the dry-type objective will
noticeably degrade image quality. After use, thoroughly wipe off all oil, and make sure that no oil
remains on the tips of other objectives. Oil on the condenser should also be wiped away carefully
after use.
Use petroleum benzine to wipe off immersion oil. For optimum results, we recommend following
up petroleum benzine with absolute alcohol (ethyl or methyl alcohol).
If petroleum benzine is unavailable, use methyl alcohol alone. However, methyl alcohol does not
clean as well as petroleum benzene, it will be necessary to wipe the surface repeatedly. (Usually,
three or four times are sufficient to clean the lenses.)
CAUTION
When using petroleum benzine or absolute alcohol, always follow the

instructions provided by the manufacturer. These liquids are highly
flammable and must be kept away from flames and sparks.
43
3.15 Water Immersion Operation
3.15 Water Immersion Operation
Objectives marked“WI” or“W” are water-immersion type objectives. These objectives are used
with immersion water (distilled water or physiological saline) applied between the specimen and
the tip of the objective. Microscopy procedures are the same as for oil-immersion type
objectives.
Since water evaporates readily, monitor the immersion water during observation. Avoid using
too much water, since excess water will flow onto the stage and around the condenser,
promoting corrosion.
Wipe off water
After use, wipe off water from the tip of the objective and condenser, then follow up by wiping
with absolute alcohol.
If you observe water stains, apply a small amount of neutral detergent and wipe gently, then
follow up with absolute alcohol.
44
3.16 Polarization Microscopy
3.16.1 Operation of the Polarizers
Polarizer for the diascopic microscopy
To perform the diascopic polarization microscopy,

attach the polarizer for the diascopic microscopy at
the bottom of the condenser.
The orientation indicator (a circle mark on the outer Dia polarizer

frame of the polarizer) must be facing toward the
operator. For farther information, refer to P.47.
Orientation plate
Polarizer for the episcopic microscopy
To perform episcopic polarization microscopy,

attach the polarizer for the episcopic microscopy 2
into the epi illuminator.
Insert the polarizer slider with the orientation index

facing front side (eyepiece side). 1
Pushing the polarizer slider in to the first clickstop
position inserts the empty hole into the optical Epi
path. Pushing it further in to the second clickstop polarizer
position inserts the polarizer into the optical path.
Set the orientation of the polarizer by turning the

polarizer rotating ring. Lateral
1
direction
Polarizer orientation
(Polarizer rotating ring)
Vertical
2
direction
45
3.16.2 Operation of the Analyzer
Attach/detach the analyzer
The intermediate tube has the analyzer slider. The

analyzer can be placed into the optical path with
Analyzer
the operation of the slider.
slider
To place the analyzer into the optical path, pull out
the slider. To remove the analyzer from the optical
path, push in the slider.
The analyzer is designed to be inserted from the

right side in normal use, but it can be inserted from
the left. In the later case, its scale displays the
opposite way. Be careful. Slider Analyzer
Pulled out IN
Push in OUT
Rotate the analyzer
The analyzer slider has a rotating dial. The

orientation of the analyzer can be rotated with it. Analyzer
80 100 90
0 rotating dial
To adjust the analyzer, loosen the analyzer rotation
11
0
70
12
A
0
clamp screw and rotate the rotating dial.
60
140 13
0.
50
150
The angle of rotation can be read from 0 to 180
40
OUT
IN
0
30
16
degrees in steps of 0.1 degrees with the two
20 0
10 0 17
vernier scales. 10 0
Vernier
Analyzer rotation
clamp screw
The intermediate tube also has a de-polarizer. So, you can use the
photomicrography devices independently of the orientation of the polarizer.
46
3.16.3 Azimuth Adjustment of the Polarizer and Analyzer
For the diascopic observation
(1) Push in the analyzer setting knob to move the

analyzer out of the optical path.
(2) Focus on the specimen.
(3) Pull out the analyzer setting knob to move the Dia polarizer
analyzer into the optical path.
(4) Turn the analyzer rotation dial and align at

the “0” position on the scale. Orientation
plate
(5) Move the dia polarizer into the optical path. 80 100 90
0
11
0
70
(6) Move the specimen out of the optical path.
12
A
0
60
140 13
0.
50
(7) Move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.
150
40
OUT
IN
The pupil of the objective will then be visible
0
30
16
20 0
10 17
through the eyepiece. Turn the dia polarizer
0
and adjust so that the dark cross image

10 0
Analyzer
appears in the pupil as shown in the figure. scale: 0
This is so-called the crossed Nicols position,

where the orientations of the polarizer and
analyzer coincide with those of the orientation
plate on the top of the microscope base (the
polarizer, P, is in the X direction and the
Dark cross
analyzer, A, is in the Y direction).
It should be noted that the X direction is explained as that of the analyzer and Y
direction as that of the polarizer in some commercially available technical
manuals and reference books.
(1) Push in the analyzer setting knob to move the analyzer out of the optical path.
(2) Place a dummy specimen. It must have high reflectance with optical isotropy, for
example a mirror. And then, focus on the specimen.
(3) Pull out the analyzer setting knob to move the analyzer into the optical path.
(4) Turn the analyzer rotation dial and align at the “0” position on the scale.
(5) Push in the polarizer slider on the epi illuminator to place the epi polarizer into the
optical path.
(6) Move the Bertrand lens into the optical path. Turn the polarizer rotating ring on the
epi polarizer and adjust so that the dark cross image appears in the pupil as shown in
the figure.
47
3.16.4 Bertrand Lens Operation
The intermediate tube has the Bertrand lens. The Bertrand lens can be placed into the optical
path to perform the conoscope observation.
Setting the Bertrand lens
Put the Bertrand lens turret in the “B” position to

move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.
Put the Bertrand lens turret in the “O” position to

remove the Bertrand lens from the optical path.
Bertrand lens
turret
Focusing and centering the Bertrand lens
The objective pupil positions vary by magnification and type. So, when objectives are switched,
the Bertrand lens must be focused for each time.
Besides, the Bertrand lens must be centered so that it is aligned to the optical path of the
objective. Note that you need not center the Bertrand lens each time if you have centered the
objective already. (P. 42)
In this adjustment, the aperture diaphragm image is used in the same manner as the condenser
lens adjustment. Do as follows:
(1) Refer to “2.1 Diascopic Bright-Field

Bertrand lens
Microscopy” to focus on the specimen. And centering screws
then, focus and center the condenser.
(2) Move the Bertrand lens into the optical path.
(3) Stop down the aperture diaphragm of the

condenser to get a diaphragm image into
view.
(4) Perform the focusing for the Bertrand lens.

Bertrand lens
Adjust the Bertrand lens focus ring on the focus ring
polarizing intermediate tube to get a clear
image of the diaphragm.
(5) Fully stop down the aperture diaphragm of

the condenser.
(6) Center the Bertrand lens. Rotate two

centering screws on the polarizing
intermediate tube so that the diaphragm
image comes to the center of the field of
view.
48
3.16.5 P-CL 1/4λ & Tint Plate
The intermediate tube has a slot for the P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate. It is used not only for the plate
but also for the optional P-CS Senarmont compensator or P-CQ quartz wedge to perform the
retardation measurement.
To use an objective of 10X or higher magnification in standard observation, place the top
lens of the P swing-out condenser into the optical path or pull out the slider of the slide
condenser.
To perform the retardation measurement or to perform evaluation by interference color, the
illumination light must be as parallel to the optical axis as possible. So, the condenser
aperture diaphragm must be stopped down or the top lens of the P swing-out condenser
must be swung out (the aperture diaphragm is fully opened) even if an objective of 10X or
higher is used.
P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate
The P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate has an empty hole in the
center. By pushing it into the slot, the sensitive
color plate (530 nm) is brought into the optical
path. Pulling it out brings the 1/4λ plate into the
optical path.
This plate is used for recognition of very weak

P-CL 1/4 λ &
birefringence and the determination of X' and Z' of tint plate
the specimen. You can measure retardation of light
up to 1λ with the following steps.
P-CS Senarmont compensator
Remove the P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate from the slot of
the intermediated tube and insert the P-CS
Senarmont compensator into the slot.
You can measure retardation of light up to 1λ with

the following steps.
P-CS senarmont compensator
1 Determination of extinction position
Rotate the stage with the specimen under the crossed Nicols to find the direction where the
part of the specimen to be measured appears darkest.
2 Determination of subtraction position
Rotate the stage 45° from the extinction position to the diagonal position. If the interference
color changes toward the higher order side, rotate the stage another 90°.
3 Measurement
Place the GIF filter on the field lens and replace the P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate with the P-CS
Sénarmont compensator. Rotate the analyzer so that the section of the specimen to be
measured becomes darkest. When the rotation angle of the analyzer at that time is taken to
be theta (θ) degrees, then retardation (R) (nm) is determined with the following formula:
θ
R= λ（λ: wavelength）
180
The value of λ when using the GIF filter is 546 nm.
49
IF filter
• The IF filter is used for a precise measurement of retardation.

• Please contact your nearest Nikon representative for the IF filter.
P-CQ quartz wedge
The P-CQ quartz wedge is used by inserting it into

the slot of the intermediate tube in place of the
P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate.
The quartz wedge is engraved with a scale and can

be used for rough measurement of retardation in P-CQ quarts wedge
the range of 1λ to 6λ.
1 Determination of extinction position
Rotate the stage with the specimen under the crossed Nicols to find the direction where the
part of the specimen to be measured appears darkest.
2 Determination of subtraction position
Rotate the stage 45° from the extinction position to the diagonal position (direction where
the specimen appears brightest). Insert the P-CQ quartz wedge into the slot of the
intermediate tube and confirm that the interference color of the section of the specimen to
be measured changes toward the lower order side. If the interference color changes toward
the higher order side, rotate the stage another 90°.
3 Measurement
Move the section of the specimen to be measured

to the center of the crosshairs of the eyepiece.
Next, slide the P-CQ quartz wedge along the slot
and observe that the interference color sequentially
changes. Stop sliding the quartz wedge where the
dark stripe covers the section of the specimen to be
measured. Reading the value from the quartz
wedge scale at that time can make a rough
measurement of retardation. Retardation can be
Read the scale.
measured even more accurately by using the P-CS
Sénarmont compensator in combination with the
P-CQ quartz wedge.
50
3.17 Episcopic Microscopy
To perform episcopic microscopy, attach the LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator to the microscope.
3.17.1 Switching the Episcopic Illumination
You can switch the illumination between the bright-field

and the dark-field to be used for the episcopic
microscopy by operating the illumination selection lever
on the right side of the epi illuminator.
For the bright-field, push in the lever.
When the lever is pulled out, the dark-field is specified.

But you cannot perform the episcopic dark-field
microscopy using this microscope.
* The dark-field setting (DF) is used for the diascopic

illumination. Illumination selection lever
Lever position Illumination method
Push in (BF) Episcopic bright-field ( and Episcopic polarization microscopy)
Pull out (DF) Diascopic illumination (The dark-field microscopy is not available.)
3.17.2 Field Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator
The field diaphragm restricts illumination to the area of

the specimen that is being viewed. Operating the field Field diaphragm
diaphragm open/close lever changes the size of the open/close lever
field diaphragm. For normal observation, the size of the
diaphragm should be such that it is just outside (or
inside) the edge of the viewfield. If a broader area than
necessary is illuminated, stray light will enter the
optical system, creating flaring, and reducing the
contrast of the optical image.
Appropriate field diaphragm settings are particularly

Field diaphragm
important for photomicrography and digital image
centering screw
capturing. In general, good results will be obtained by (both side)
stopping down the field diaphragm to settings slightly
wider than the area to be reproduced within the photo
frame or monitor display. Field diaphragm
image
Eye piece viewfield
51
Centering the field diaphragm
(1) Perform steps in “2.4 Episcopic Microscopy (with the Epi Illuminator Option)” and focus on
the specimen using the 10X objective under the episcopic illumination.
(2) Lower the field diaphragm open/close lever to stop down the field diaphragm.
(3) Turn the field diaphragm centering screws (on both sides) so that the field diaphragm
image is positioned in the center of the view field.
(4) Adjust the field diaphragm image with the field diaphragm open/close lever and centering
screws so that it inscribes the view field.
(5) To observe the specimen, raise the field diaphragm open/close lever so that the field
diaphragm image circumscribes the view field.
Field diaphragm image
Eye piece viewfield
3.17.3 Aperture Diaphragm in the Epi Illuminator
Since the aperture diaphragm is for adjusting the

numerical aperture of the illumination system, this Aperture diaphragm
diaphragm is related to the resolution, contrast, and open/close lever
depth of focus of the optical image.
The aperture diaphragm open/close lever will change

the opening of the aperture diaphragm. Remove one of
the eyepieces, and then adjust the aperture diaphragm
opening while observing the objective's exit pupil in the
eyepiece tube. Generally, the aperture diaphragm
should be adjusted to about 70 to 80% of the
The diaphragm image may not appear in the case of

samples with low reflectivity. In this case, change to a Eye piece viewfield
sample with a near-polished surface.
70~80
100
Aperture diaphragm image
52
3.17.4 Operating Filter on the Epi Illuminator
The LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator has two filter

sliders. You can use suitable filters by operating the
filter sliders.
Filter sliders
Filters Usage
NCB11 (color balancing filter) For color balance adjustment and color photomicrography
ND4 (ND filter) Brightness adjustment (transmittance 25%)
ND16 (ND filter) Brightness adjustment (transmittance 6%)
GIF (green interference filter) Contrast adjustment
IF (interference filter) For interference
53
3.18 Image Capturing
Microscopy images can be captured by attaching a camera head to the trinocular eyepiece tube.
For detailed information, refer to the operating manual provided with the camera head or
camera control software.
Proper adjustment of light intensity and focus on the microscope are important for obtaining
clear images. Listed below are key considerations in capturing clear images.
3.18.1 Adjusting Light Intensity
• Lamp voltage: If accurate color reproduction is critical, set the brightness control
knob to a midpoint setting and use the ND filters to make brightness
adjustments.
• Filter: Place a commercially available color compensation filter on the filter

pocket at the microscope base, as necessary.
3.18.2 Adjusting the Condenser
• Focus and center the condenser always.
• Center the annular diaphragm for the phase contrast microscopy.
• For normal operations, set the diaphragm aperture to 70 to 80% of the N.A. of the
objective.
3.18.3 Confirming the Photomicrographic Range
The image on the monitor represents the photomicrographic range.
3.18.4 Confirming the Focus
Check the focus by viewing through the eyepiece and viewing the monitor. If the focal positions
for the two images differ, adjust the focal position adjustment screw at the camera port.
54
3.18.5 Making Adjustments to Keep out Ambient Light
• Field diaphragm: Stop down the diaphragm to a setting just slightly wider than the
area shown on the monitor.
• Eyepiece: Cover the eyepiece with a piece of cloth.
3.18.6 Anti-vibration Measures
If the exposure is less than 1/8 of a second, reduce light intensity with ND filters to make
exposures longer than 1/8 of a second. (If accurate color reproduction is not important, you can
use the brightness control knob to reduce light intensity.)
55
4 Assembly
4.1 System Configuration
TV vertical TV vertical
tube adapter tube adapter
0.55X
or
Eyepieces Eyepieces
Binocular Trinocular
eyepiece tube eyepiece tube
P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate
P-CS Senarmont compensator

Polarizing intermediate tube
P-CQ quartz wedge
(with analyzer slider)
Polarizer
slider
Filter slider (x2)
Quintuple
DIN slot Filters
centering
nosepiece
Lamphouse
Objectives
Epi illuminator 12V 50W
Attachable
halogen lamp
mechanical stage
Specimen
80 70 60 50 40
holders (x2) Lamp cable

0
or
10
20
30
Lamp power
6V 30W
POWER
supply
halogen lamp
MIN. MAX.
Circular
graduated stage
90
0
10
Power cord
20
80
Lamp cover
30
70
40
P swing-out
60
50
condenser
0.8
A
0.6
0.90
0.4
JAPAN
0.2
50i POL main unit

Power cord
Dia polarizer
56
Chapter 4 Assembly
4.2 Assembly Procedure
1 Checking the input voltage

Make sure that the input voltage indicated on the back
panel of the microscope is the same as the voltage
provided in your area.
CAUTION
Input
voltage
If the indicated voltage is different, do not indication
use the microscope. Contact your nearest
Nikon representative.
2 Attaching the circular graduated stage

(1) Remove the cushioning material from the substage
section and turn the coarse focus handle until the Specimen holder Specimen holder
elevating section is brought to the lowermost
position.
(2) Loosen the clamp screw for the circular graduated

stage.
(3) Place the circular graduated stage on the substage.

The stage must be level when fixed and its clamp
screw must be located facing the front side. Clamp screw
for the stage
(4) If necessary, attach the specimen holders into the
hole on the stage.
For information about the optional attachable
mechanical stage, see “3.5.2 Attachable Mechanical
Stage (Option).”
3 Attaching the condenser

To perform the polarization microscopy, the P swing-out
condenser must be attached. Condenser focus knob
(1) Turn the coarse focus knob until the elevating

section is raised to the uppermost position.
(2) Turn the condenser focus knob until the substage is

brought to the lowermost position.
(3) Insert the condenser and adjust so that it faces

toward the front. Secure in place with the tool
stored in the back of the microscope.
(4) Turn the condenser focus knob until the substage is Clamp screw for the condenser
raised to the uppermost position.
57
Chapter 4 Assembly
4 Attaching the nosepiece

Attach the P-N quintuple centering nosepiece on this
microscope. Clamp screw for the nosepiece
(1) Lift the nosepiece from a position just forward of

the point directly below the fitting part and slide
toward the back to attach.
Continue sliding the nosepiece until its front
position is aligned with that of the fitting part.
(2) Secure in place with the tool stored in the back of

the microscope.
5 Attaching objectives
Lower the stage completely. Screw objectives into the nosepiece so that the magnification
increases with the clockwise rotation (as viewed from above the microscope) of the nosepiece.
Caution when removing objectives

When removing the objectives, remove the sample from the stage. Lower the stage
completely, and hold each objective using both hands so that it does not fall during the
removal.
6 Attaching the epi illuminator (for the episcopic microscopy)

The LV-UEPI universal epi illuminator can be attached to
Illuminator clamp screw
this microscope.
(1) Loosen sufficiently the illuminator clamp screw on

the side of the microscope arm.
(2) Mount the illuminator onto the microscope arm and

fix it by tightening the illuminator clamp screw.
(3) Secure the illuminator on the microscope arm. Do Hex screws to fix the
this by tightening the four hex screws supplied with epi illuminator
the illuminator using the hexagonal wrench.
(4) Cover the screw holes with the protective stickers

supplied with the illuminator.
(5) Refer to the instruction manual for the epi

illuminator. And attach the filter slider, polarizer
slider, dummy slider, and so on to the epi
illuminator.
Epi illuminator in place
58
Chapter 4 Assembly
7 Attaching the lamphouse for the epi illuminator
CAUTION
• To prevent electrical shock and damage to the microscope, always turn off the
power switch (flip it to the “O” side) and unplug the power cord from the
outlet before attaching or detaching the lamphouse.
• To prevent burn injury, allow the lamp and the lamphouse to cool down
sufficiently (for at least 30 minutes after the lamp is turned off), before
replacing the lamp.
• Use the Nikon LV-LH50PC halogen lamphouse for the lamphouse.
(1) Loosen the clamp screw on the top side of the

Mount the lamphouse lamphouse
lamphouse connector by using the hexagonal
screwdriver.
(2) Mount the lamphouse to the connection port on

the rear of the illuminator and press the
lamphouse as far as it goes.
(3) Using the hexagonal screwdriver supplied with

the microscope, tighten the clamp screw on the
top of the connection port of the lamphouse to
secure it. Tighten the clamp screw.
(4) Connect the cable of the lamphouse with the
connector on the power supply device using an
extension cord.
The power line connection for the power supply

device must be performed after attachment steps To power
for other devices. For details, refer to the supply
instruction manuals provided with the power
supply device.
59
Chapter 4 Assembly
8 Attaching the polarizing intermediate tube

(1) Loosen sufficiently the clamp screw for the intermediate tube (or the illuminator) on the
microscope arm.
Use the tool provided with the microscope to loosen the clamp screw for the epi illuminator.
(2) Fit the circular dovetail of the polarizing

intermediate tube into the circular dovetail groove Polarizing
Clamp screw for
of the microscope arm (or of the epi illuminator). intermediate tube
the eyepiece
When fitting, insert the positioning pin on the

polarizing intermediate tube into the receiving
groove on the arm (or the epi illuminator).
(3) Secure the polarizing intermediate tube by

tightening the clamp screw.
Use the tool provided with the microscope to

tighten the clamp screw for the epi illuminator.
Remove any looseness between the positioning pin and groove by pushing in the
intermediate tube while rotating in the clockwise direction.
9 Attaching the eyepiece tube

(1) Completely loosen the eyepiece tube clamp screw
Clamp screw for
on the intermediate tube with the provided tool.
the eyepiece tube
(2) Fit the circular dovetail of the eyepiece tube into
the circular dovetail groove of the intermediate
tube.
When fitting, insert the positioning pin on the

eyepiece tube in the receiving groove on the
intermediate tube.
(3) Secure the eyepiece tube by tightening the clamp

screw.
Remove any looseness between the positioning pin and groove by pushing in the eyepiece
tube while rotating in the clockwise direction.
10 Attaching the eyepieces Protrusion Notch
Attach eyepieces of the same magnification. Attach the

eyepiece containing crosshairs on the right side so as to
be viewed with the right eye.
The sleeve has positioning pins. Insert the eyepieces by
aligning the notches of the eyepieces with the
protrusions of the eyepiece tube sleeves.
※ If necessary, insert the optional rubber eyeguard so

that they fit into the grooves around the outside of
the eyepieces.
Eyepieces attached in place
60
Chapter 4 Assembly
11 Attaching a camera (for the trinocular eyepiece tube)

To attach a photomicrography device such as a camera onto the vertical tube of the trinocular
eyepiece tube, you must use two adapters: First, attach the TV vertical tube adapter or the TV
vertical tube adapter 0.55X onto the trinocular eyepiece tube. Second, attach a suitable adapter
for the camera mount part (C mount adapter or so on) onto the TV vertical adapter.
Check the mount part type of your camera and prepare the suitable adapter beforehand.
(1) Mount the TV vertical tube adapter or the TV vertical tube adapter 0.55X onto the vertical
tube section of the trinocular eyepiece tube.
(2) Attach the suitable adapter for the camera onto the tip of the TV vertical tube adapter.
(3) Attach the camera head to the adapter tip.
(4) Attach the camera cable to the camera head.
Adjust the camera head position before using the camera.
12 Attaching the power cord

(1) Check to confirm that the microscope power switch is off.
(2) Insert the power cord into the AC inlet at the back of the microscope.
(3) Insert the other end of the power cord into a wall outlet.
AC inlet
Power switch for
the microscope
The microscope assembly is now completed.
61
5 Replacing Consumables
5.1 Replacing the Lamp
CAUTION
• Be careful to avoid burns:
Wait until the lamp and nearby parts have cooled before attempting to
replace the lamp.
• Be careful to avoid electrical shock:

Turn off the power switch and unplug the power cord from the outlet.
• Be careful to avoid abnormal heat generation:

Use only the lamp specified.
• Be careful to avoid soiling:

Avoid touching the bare lamp bulb with bare hands. Soiling will reduce the
service life of the lamp.
Replacing the lamp for the diascopic illumination
(1) Remove the lamphouse cover on the back of

the microscope. Remove the old lamp. Slot for cover hook Cover hook
(2) Attach a new lamp.

Avoid touching the bare lamp bulb with your
bare hands.
Use only the lamp specified (PHILIPS

5761).
(3) Replace the cover.

Engage the cover hook in the slot on the rear
of the unit in the direction indicated by the
arrow in the figure.
Lamp Lamphouse cover
CAUTION
Be sure to attach the lamphouse cover. Failure to do so may result in burns or
fire from the heat generated by the lamp.
62
Chapter 5 Replacing Consumables
Replacing the lamp for the episcopic illumination
The lamp can be replaced without having to detach the lamphouse from the microscope.
Before starting the procedure below, be aware the following.
CAUTION
• To prevent electrical shock and damage to the microscope, always turn off
the power switch (flip it to the “O” side) and unplug the power cord from
the outlet before attaching or detaching the lamphouse.
• To prevent burn injury, allow the lamp and the lamphouse to cool down
sufficiently (for at least 30 minutes after the lamp is turned off), before
replacing the lamp.
• Use the Nikon LV-HL50W 12V 50W LONGLIFE halogen lamp or non-Nikon
12V 50W SHORTLIFE halogen lamp (model OSRAM HLX 64610, OSRAM HLX
64611, or PHILIPS 7027) for the lamp. If you wish to buy these lamps,
please contact your nearest Nikon representative.
• Do not touch the glass surface of the lamp with bare hands. Fingerprints or
grease on the bulb surface will reduce the illumination intensity of the
lamp. Wipe clean any fingerprints or grease attached to the surface.
• Securely attach the lamphouse cover to the lamphouse after replacing the
lamp. Never light the lamp with the lamphouse cover removed.
• When you dispose of the replaced lamp, do not break it up. Instead,
dispose of the used lamp as special industrial waste or dispose of it
according to the local regulations and rules.
63
Chapter 5 Replacing Consumables
(1) Loosen the lamphouse cover clamp screw using the hexagonal wrench.
(2) Remove the lamphouse cover.
(3) Push down the lamp clamp lever and remove the old lamp.
(4) With the lamp clamp lever held down, insert the electrodes of a new lamp into the pin
holes of the socket. Press the lamp as far as it goes, and then release the lamp clamp lever
to secure the lamp.
Be careful not to touch the glass surface with bare hands.
When releasing the lamp clamp lever, use care so that the lamp does not tilt.
(5) Close the lamphouse cover and secure it by tightening the clamp screw.
3
2
CAUTION
Be sure to attach the lamphouse cover. Failure to do so may result in burns or
fire from the heat generated by the lamp.
64
6 Troubleshooting
When the product does not function properly, take appropriate action as described below. If the
problem is still not resolved after referring to "Troubleshooting," please contact your nearest Nikon
representative.
6.1 Optical System
Problem Cause Countermeasure
Attach the parts (nosepiece, condenser,

Some parts are attached incorrectly.
filters, lamp, and so on) correctly.
Move parts (optical path select lever,

Some movable part is not moved
nosepiece, filter slider and so on) to a
correctly.
clickstop position.
The field diaphragm image is not

Focus and center the condenser.
focused on the specimen surface.
The viewfield is invisible, The field diaphragm is stopped down Open the field diaphragm so that it is just
vignetted, or uneven in too far. outside of the viewfield.
brightness. Dirt or dust exists on the lens or other
Clean off the dirt. Use a clean container.
optical element, or on the container.
The Bertrand lens is in the optical

Place it out of the optical path.
path
The top lens of the P swing-out

Move them fully.
condenser is not positioned properly.
The P-CL, P-CS, or P-CQ plate is not

Move it to the correct position.
inserted correctly.
Dirt or dust exists on the lens or other

Dirt or dust is seen in the optical element, or on the container.
viewfield The field diaphragm image is not
Dirt or dust exists on the lens or other

optical element, or on the container.
Objective correction ring does not

match the thickness of the Adjust the correction ring.
container’s bottom plate.
The field diaphragm image is not

The cover glass is not suitable for the Use a cover glass and an objective in the
The image quality is objective. correct combination.
poor (too much or too
little contrast, or poor Use the specified type of cover glass
The cover glass is too thick.
resolution). (thickness: 0.17 mm).
There is no oil on the tip of an oil

immersion type objective. The
Apply Nikon Immersion Oil.
specified immersion oil is not being
used.
There are bubbles in the immersion

Remove the bubbles.
oil.
There is immersion oil on the tip of a

Clean the components.
dry type objective.
65
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
6.1 Optical System
Problem Cause Countermeasure
The nosepiece is not attached

Attach the nosepiece correctly. And rotate
correctly. Or its rotation has not
it to the click stop position.
stopped at the click stop position.
The focus is uneven. The specimen is not secured in place

Place the specimen properly on the stage.
on the stage surface.
The stage has been attached in out of

Install the stage correctly.
perpendicular.
The specimen is tilted relative to the Locate the specimen correctly on the
stage surface. stage.
The nosepiece is not attached

Attach the nosepiece correctly. And rotate
correctly. Or its rotation has not
it to the click stop position.
The image is elongated. stopped at the click stop position.
The condenser has not been

Center the condenser.
centered.
The stage has been attached in out of

perpendicular.
Increase the lamp voltage with the

The lamp voltage is too low. brightness control knob. Or, push the
The image is tinged preset switch.
yellow.
No NCB filter is placed in the optical
Place it into the optical path.
path.
No ND filter is placed in the optical

Place it into the optical path.
path.
The image is too bright.
Decrease the lamp voltage with the
The lamp voltage is too high.
brightness control knob.
The condenser aperture diaphragm is It should normally set to 70 to 80% of the

stopped down too far. numerical aperture of the objective.
The brightness is The field diaphragm image is not

insufficient. focused on the specimen surface.
The optical path selection knob is not

Set to the 100% eyepiece position.
set to the 100% eyepiece.
66
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting
6.2 Mechanical System
6.2 Mechanical System
Problem Possible causes Remedy
The image is not in focus

although the objective is The stage has been attached
raised to the highest incorrectly.
position.
Set the specimen on the stage with the

Focusing is not possible The specimen is placed upside-down.
with high-power
objectives. Use the specified type of cover glass
The cover glass is too thick.
(thickness: 0.17 mm).
Set the specimen on the stage with the

The specimen is placed upside-down.
The objective strikes the cover glass facing up.
specimen when
Use the specified type of cover glass
changing from a The cover glass is too thick.
(thickness: 0.17 mm).
low-power objective to a
high-power objective. The diopter adjustment has not been
Perform the diopter adjustment.
performed.
When viewing through The interpupillary distance has not

Adjust the interpupillary distance.
the binocular eyepiece, been adjusted.
the image does not
resolve into a single The diopter adjustment has not been
image. performed.
The interpupillary distance has not

Adjust the interpupillary distance.
been adjusted.
Eye strain develops The diopter adjustment has not been

while viewing. performed.
Adjust the brightness with the brightness

The brightness is not suitable.
control knob or ND filters.
6.3 Electrical System
Problem Possible causes Remedy
There is no power even

The power cord is not connected, or
though the power switch Connect it properly.
is connected improperly.
is on.
No lamp is attached, or the lamp has

The lamp does not light. Replace the lamp with a specified one.
burned out.
The lamp burns out

The lamp type is incorrect. Replace the lamp with a specified one.
quickly.
The lamp has reached the end of its

Replace the lamp with a new one.
operational life.
The lamp flickers; the The power cord is not connected

Connect it properly.
brightness is unstable. securely.
The lamp has not been plugged into

Install the lamp correctly.
its socket securely.
67
7 Care and Maintenance
7.1 Lens Cleaning
Do not let dust, fingerprint, etc. get on the lenses. Dirt on the lenses, filters, etc. will adversely
affect the view of image. If any of the lenses get dirty, clean them as described below.
• Either brush away dust with a soft brush, or else gently wipe it off with a piece of gauze.
• Only if there are fingerprints or grease on a lens, dampen lightly a piece of soft, clean
cotton cloth, lens tissue, or gauze with absolute alcohol (ethyl or methyl) and gently wipe
off the dirt.
• When removing the immersion oil off from the objective, use only petroleum benzine. For
optimum results, we recommend following up petroleum benzine with absolute alcohol
(ethyl or methyl alcohol). If petroleum benzine is unavailable, use methyl alcohol alone.
However, methyl alcohol does not clean as well as petroleum benzine, it will be necessary
to wipe the surface repeatedly. (Usually, three or four times are sufficient to clean the
lenses.)
• Never use petroleum benzine to clean the entrance lens of the eyepiece tube or prism
surface of the eyepiece tube.
• Absolute alcohol and petroleum benzine are highly flammable. Be careful when handling
it, when around open flames, when turning the power switch on/off, etc.
• When using petroleum benzine or absolute alcohol, always follow the instructions
provided by the manufacturer.
7.2 Cleaning the Product
• We recommend that you use a piece of silicon cloth to clean this product.
• For persistent dirt, dampen a piece of gauze with neutral detergent and wipe gently.
• Using organic solvents could result in discoloration of the plastic parts.
7.3 Disinfecting the Product
• We recommend that you use 70% medical alcohol for normal disinfection of this product.
• In case of spillage of a specimen onto this product, determine whether the specimen is
hazardous. If the specimen is hazardous, follow your standard facility procedures.
• Using organic solvents could result in discoloration of the plastic parts.
68
Chapter 7 Care and Maintenance
7.4 Storage
7.4 Storage
• Store this product in a dry place where mold is not likely to form.
• Store the objectives and eyepieces in a desiccator or similar container with a drying
agent.
• Put the dust-proof cover over this product to protect it from dust.
• Before putting on the dust-proof cover, turn off the power switch of the microscope (flip it
to the “O” position) and wait until the lamphouse gets cool sufficiently
7.5 Periodical Inspection (Fee Charged)
Periodical inspections (expenses charged) of this product are recommended in order to maintain
peak performance. Contact your nearest Nikon representative for details.
69
8 Specifications
8.1 Specifications
8.1.1 Microscopy (Principles)
Use the objective and eyepieces of the microscope to magnify the details of sample on a slide
optically, and combine the polarizer and tint plate to observe the sample that has polarization
characteristics.
8.1.2 Performance Properties
Nikon microscope ECLIPSE 50i POL
Model ECLIPSE 50i POL
Optical system Infinity-corrected CF optical system
Objective: CFI60
Eyepiece: Field number 22 (for binocular eyepiece tube)

Field number 25 (the trinocular eyepiece tube)
Nosepiece: quintuple (with centering mechanism for objectives)
Focusing mechanism Driving type: manual coarse/fine focusing type (calibration marking for fine
motion: 1 µm/marking)
Stroke: 2 mm up and 28 mm down from the reference (focused) position

with coarse focus stopper mechanism
Stage Provided with verniers
Provided with a rotation mechanism with a clamp
Provided with specimen holders
Illumination Internal Koehler-type diascopic illumination optics
Provided with a preset switch (and a preset brightness control)
Provided with a brightness control knob
Lamp ratings: 6V 30W halogen lamp (Philips 5761)
Average service life of the lamp: 100 hours
Input ratings 100-120VAC/230VAC ±10%, 50/60Hz, 0.9A/0.5A.
Power cord When used in 100-120 V region, outside Japan

UL-listed detachable power cord set, 3 conductor grounding
(3 conductor grounding Type SVT, AWG 18, 3 m long maximum,
rated at 125 VAC minimum)
When used in 220-240 V region

Detachable power cord set approved according to EU/EN standard,
3 conductor grounding (3 conductor grounding Type H05VV-F, 3 m
long maximum, rated at 250 VAC minimum)
When used inside Japan

PSE approved detachable power cord set, 3 conductor grounding
(3 conductor grounding Type VCTF 3 x 0.75mm2, 3 m long
maximum, rated at 125 VAC minimum)
70
Chapter 8 Specifications
8.1 Specifications
8.1.3 Physical Properties
Nikon microscope ECLIPSE 50i POL
Model ECLIPSE 50i POL
Operating conditions Temperature: 0°C to +40°C
Relative humidity: 85%RH max.（no condensation）
Altitude: 2000 m max.
Pollution degree: Degree 2
Installation category: Category II
Electric shock protection class: Class I
Indoor use only
Transport/storage Temperature: -20°C to +60°C

conditions
Relative humidity: 90% RH max. (no condensation)
External dimensions and External dimensions:

weight (main unit) 269 (W) x 375 (H) x 357 (D) mm
(including intermediate tube and stage but excluding protrusions)
Weight: Approx. 11 kg
Safety standard • This is UL-listed product. (UL61010A-1)
• This product meets FCC Part 15B Class A requirements.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful

interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy
and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful

interference in which case the user will be required to correct the
interference at his own expense.
• This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian EMI. (ICES-003 Class A)
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du
Canada.
• This product complies with Australian EMI (AS/NZS CISPR11).
CE Marking
• This product meets EU IVD Directive requirements.
(GM-approved: In vitro diagnostic medical device)
• This product meets EU Low Voltage Directive requirements.
• This product meets EU EMC Directive requirements.
71

50i Pol Instruction Manual

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M362E 10.10.NF.

• The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.

WARNING and CAUTION Symbols Used in This Manual

Meaning of symbols used on the equipment

1. Intended product use (for medical care)

4. Read the instructions carefully

5. Cautions about the power cord

6. Cautions about heat from the light source

2. Cautions in replacing lamps

3. Use the specified lamp

• Specified lamp: 6V-30W (PHILIPS 5761)

4. Prevent contact with moisture

5. Do not place any object on top of the product

6. Cautions in assembling, installing, and carrying the product

• Do not install the product in a locker or cabinet.

7. Cautions as to conditions for operation, transportation, and storage

• Operating conditions: temperature (0 to +40°C), relative humidity (85% RH max., no

• Transportation/storage conditions: temperature (-20 to +60°C), relative humidity (90% RH max.,

8. Remove any covers from the product before switching on.

9. Cautions at to concerning long, sustained observations

10. Disposal of the product

Notes on handling the product

1. Handle with care

2. Weak electromagnetic waves

3. Dirt on the lens

4. Dirt on the lamp

• Select a vibration-free location. Install the product on a level surface.

• Install the product at least 10 cm away from walls.

• Select a dust-free location.

• To avoid splashes, do not use the product near water.

• Do not install the product in a locker or cabinet.

• Do not use on a desk mat or the like.

Expressions Used in This Manual

The manual uses the following expressions:

Name of device Expressions

Microscope ECLIPSE 50i POL 50i POL

Chapter 1 Part Names.......................................................................................... 12

Chapter 2 Microscopy .......................................................................................... 16

Chapter 3 Individual Operations ............................................................................ 28

3.4.1 Prohibited Actions ...................................................................................... 34

Chapter 4 Assembly ............................................................................................ 56

Chapter 5 Replacing Consumables ......................................................................... 62

Chapter 7 Care and Maintenance........................................................................... 68

1.1 Components and Controls

1.1.1 Front Left Side

C mount adapter (option)

TV vertical tube adapter (option) Binocular part

Trinocular eyepiece tube

Polarizing intermediate tube Analyzer slider

P-CL 1/4λ & tint plate *1

Coarse focus torque Stage rotation clamp screw

Coarse focus knob Stage clamp screw

Fine focus knob Condenser

1.1.2 Front Right Side

Bertrand lens centering screws

Bertrand lens focus ring

Microscope main body

Circular graduated stage

Condenser aperture scale

Condenser centering screws Fine focus knob

ND filter IN/OUT levers

Field lens part

1.2 Microscope with the Epi Illuminator

Epi illuminator (LV-UEPI) Aperture diaphragm