Pages From c2UG

Equipment and Component Analysis
Output Tab
Displays input and output reports for the equipment, equipment component, load cases, or load
case sets selected in the Equipment pane.
When a load fails a check, the report row displays in red with an asterisk at the end of
the row.
First Page, Previous Page, Current Page, Next Page, Last Page
Controls navigation through the pages of the report.
Print
Displays the Print dialog box, where you can select a printer and printer options.
Print Layout
Reformats the report to display as it would print as a .pdf. Click to toggle this option on and
off.
Page Setup
Displays the Page Setup dialog box, where you can set paper size, orientation, and margin
size.
Export
Creates a file of the report in your selected format. Select Excel, PDF, or Word.
Zoom
Controls the size of the report display. Select Page Width, Whole Page, or a percentage.
Find Text in Report
Searches for every occurrence of a word or phrase. Use the Find and Next options to locate
the word or phrase, and then move to the next instance in the report.
EN-1591 Flanges
Main window ribbon: Analysis > Components/Equipment > EN-1591 Flanges
Opens the EN-1591 Flanges window for analyzing flange leakage on EN-1591 gasketed
circular flange connections.
EN-1591 Flanges Toolbar (page 938)
Component Types (left pane)

Component Types
Top level of the component hierarchy. Select Component Types to analyze, refresh, and
print reports for all components.
EN-1591
Defines properties for an EN-1591 flange assembly.
CAESAR II User's Guide 937

Flange Pair
Groups the components of a flange assembly.
Flange
Defines a flange for a flange assembly. An assembly generally has a Primary Flange and a
Mating Flange.
Bolt
Defines bolts for a flange assembly.
Gasket
Defines a gasket for a flange assembly.
Loads
Defines loads applied to the flange assembly.
All components of any type saved in a .C2cDB file display in the Component Types
pane.
Tabbed View (top right pane)

Tabs display on the right side of the dialog box. Contents of each tab are specific to the selected
item in the Component Types pane.
Input Report
After you click Analyze , a window displays showing status and warnings for the component
input. This information also displays in the output report after analysis completes.
Event Log (bottom right pane)

Displays warnings and errors occurring during analysis.
The log clears when you click Clear Events, and each time you close the .C2cDB file.
EN-1591 Flanges Toolbar

New
Creates a new .C2cDB component file.
Open
Opens an existing .C2cDB component file.
You can optionally select one of the most recently used files from the File name
box.

Save
Saves a component file. When you save a new file, you can specify a new file name or
select an existing file name to overwrite the file.
 When you save a new file, you can optionally select one of the most recently used files
from the File name box and overwrite the file.
 Save and Save As are also available from the CAESAR II menu.
Add
Adds a new flange pair to the selected component.
Delete
Deletes the selected flange pair.
Duplicate
Duplicates the selected flange pair.
Refresh Linked Cases

Updates linked load to the latest values in the .c2 model file defined for the CAESAR II
Output File (page 940) used for the flange pair.
Use this option when you change your CAESAR II file and you want to refresh the linked
component loads.
In the Component pane, you can also right-click > Refresh Linked Cases.
Print
Prints the report for the selected item in the Component pane.
If you have analyzed the component, the software prints an input and output report. If you
have not analyzed the component, the software prints an input report.
Analyze
Analyzes the selected item in the Component pane.
 In the Component pane, you can also right-click > Analyze.

 Any change to input data automatically deletes an existing analysis.

CAESAR II Menu
The following commands are also available from the CAESAR II menu in the top left corner of
Component Analysis:
 New
 Open
 Save
 Save As
 Print
 Recent Files - Displays the ten most recently used files. Select a file to open it.
 Exit
Flange Dimension Lookup Dialog Box

Allows you to define general flange properties for weld neck flanges. The software then fills in
flange and gasket dimensions with the closest standard size.
The values defined by the software are only valid when you set Flange Type to
Integral Weld Neck. For more information, see Properties (Flange) (page 944).
Nominal Diameter
Specifies the weld neck flange diameter.
Flange Class
Specifies the ASME/ANSI flange pressure class. Classes range from 150 to 2500.
Large Diameter Flanges

Series
Specifies the AMSE large-diameter flange series. Select A for thicker, heavier, and stronger
flanges. Select B for flanges with smaller fasteners and a smaller bolt circle diameter.
Attached Pipe ID
Specifies the inside diameter of the pipe attached to the flange.
Attached Pipe Thickness
Specifies the wall thickness of the pipe attached to the flange.
Flange Pair - Input Tab

Specifies properties that apply to the flange assembly.
Topics
Properties (Flange Pair) ................................................................ 941
Importing Loads ............................................................................. 943
Temperature Dependent Values (Flange Pair) ............................. 943

Properties (Flange Pair)
Flange Dimension Lookup

Opens the Flange Dimension Lookup dialog box, which allows you to define general flange
properties for weld neck flanges. The software then fills in flange and gasket dimensions with
the closest standard size. For more information, see Flange Dimension Lookup Dialog Box
(page 940).
Label
Defines a label for the flange assembly. The software defines the value as Flange Pair by
default, but you can change it.
Description
Specifies a description for the component. This is an optional property.
Annex G Flange
Defines use of the EN-1591 Annex G alternative method for joints with spacer-seated
flanges. Select to use this method.
Face ID
Adapted from Figure 8, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange connections -
Part 1: Calculation method
Defines the inner diameter of the flange face.
If you use Flange Dimension Lookup , the software defines a value for this
field.

Face OD

Defines the outer diameter of the flange face.
field.
Bolt Circle Diameter (d3)

Defines d3, the diameter of the bolt circle.
field.

Pierced Bolt Hole Diameter (d5)

Defines d5, the diameter of the bolt holes in the flange.
Importing Loads
Do not define the node number and output file if you want to manually define loads.
CAESAR II Node Number
Specifies the node number assigned to the flange pair in the piping model defined for the
CAESAR II Output File. Type the optional node number.
CAESAR II Output File
Specifies an optional location of a CAESAR II piping model containing the flange pair and
loads that you want to analyze.
If the file contains one operating load case, the software determines the appropriate
temperature, pressure, and material properties for each load case. The properties display on
the Flange, Bolt, and Gasket tabs and in the output report.
If the file contains multiple load cases, the software determines the temperature, pressure,
and material properties for each load case. The properties display in the output report, but
do not display on the Flange, Bolt, and Gasket tabs.
- Specifies a file selected in a standard Open dialog box.
- Deletes a previously defined file and the load cases imported from the file.
Temperature Dependent Values (Flange Pair)

Bolting-Up Joint Temp (T0)
Specifies T0, the initial uniform temperature at the time of assembly.

Flange - Input Tab

Specifies properties that apply to a primary flange or a mating flange.
Topics
Properties (Flange) ........................................................................ 944
Loose Flange Ring Properties ....................................................... 949
Hub Properties (Flange) ................................................................ 950
Temperature Dependent Values (Flange) ..................................... 955
Flange Shell Properties ................................................................. 956
Properties (Flange)

Opens the Flange Dimension Lookup dialog box, which allows you to define general
flange properties for weld neck flanges. The software then fills in flange and gasket
dimensions with the closest standard size. For more information, see Flange Dimension
Lookup Dialog Box (page 940).
Sync Mating Flange
Copies all values defined for the primary flange to the mating flange and keeps the values
synchronized. Clear this option to define different values for each flange. Sync Mating
Flange only displays for the primary flange.
Flange ID (d0/d0m)

Defines d0, the inside diameter of the flange ring or the outside diameter of the central plate
of a blank flange.
field.

Flange OD (d4/d4m)

Defines d4, the outer diameter of the flange.
field.
Flange Position Type
Displays the position of the flange in the flange pair as Primary or Mating. You cannot
change this value.
Flange Type
Defines the construction of the flange. Select one of the following options:
 Integral G.3-4/3-6/3-7/3-8
 Loose G.3-10
 Blind G.3-9
 Reverse G.3-5

Lap Joint Contact ID (d7min/d7minm)

Defines d7, the diameter of the location of reaction between a loose flange and a stub or
collar for a lap joint flange.
Material
Defines the flange material. Click to open the Materials dialog box. Select a material from
the list.
Blank Flange Center Hole Diameter (d9/d9m)

Defines d9, the diameter of a central hole in a blank flange.

Blank Flange Center Plate Wall Thk

Defines e0, the wall thickness of the central plate of a blank flange.
Equivalent Axial Flange Thk

Defines eF, the effective axial thickness of the flange.
field.

Radial Pres Load Thk (eP/ePm)
Adapted from Figure 5, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange
connections - Part 1: Calculation method
Defines eP, the part of the flange thickness subject to radial pressure loading.
For many flanges, eP and eF are the same value.
Flange Connected Shell Wall Inclin Angle
Adapted from Figure 5, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for gasketed circular flange
connections - Part 1: Calculation method
Defines S, the angle of inclination of the connected shell wall, in radians or degrees.
Raised Face Depth (Fd/Fdm)
Defines Fd, the thickness of the raised face of a spacer-seated flange.

Stub Collar OD (d8/d8m)

Defines d8, the outside diameter of a stub or collar of a loose flange.
Loose Flange Ring Properties

Loose Flange ID (d6/d6m)

Defines d6, the inside diameter of the loose flange.

Material
Defines the flange material. Click to open the Materials dialog box. Select a material from
the list.

Equiv Axial Loose Flange Thk

Defines eL, the effective axial thickness of the loose flange.

Loose Flange Install Temp Mod Elast (EL0/EL0m)
Defines EL0, the modulus of elasticity of the loose flange at ambient temperature.
Loose Flange Hydrotest Temp Mod Elast (EL1/EL1m)
Defines EL1, the modulus of elasticity of the loose flange at hydrostatic test temperature.
Loose Flange Operating Temp Mod Elast (EL/ELm)
Defines EL, the modulus of elasticity of the loose flange at operating temperature.
Thermal Exp Coef (ALPHAL/ALPHALm)
Defines L, The thermal expansion coefficient of the loose flange.
Hydro Test Temp (TL1/TL1m)
Defines TL1, the hydrostatic test temperature of the loose flange.
Design Temp (TL2/TL2m)
Defines TL2, the design temperature of the loose flange.
Hub Properties (Flange)

Hub Type
Defines the construction of the flange hub. Select Tapered, No Hub, or No Connected
Shell.

Hub Large End Thk (e2/e2m)

Defines e2, the minimum wall thickness at the thick end of the hub.
field.

Hub Length (RlH/RlHm)

Defines IH, the length of the hub.
field.

Hub Small End Thk (e1/e1m)

Defines e1, the minimum wall thickness at the thin end of the hub.
field.

Hub Thick End Avg Diameter (d2/d2m)

Defines d2, the average diameter of the thick end of the hub.

Hub Thin End Avg Diameter (d1/d1m)

Defines d1, the average diameter of the thin end of the hub.
Temperature Dependent Values (Flange)

Install Allow Stress (fF20/fF20m)
Defines fF20, the allowable stress of the flange at ambient temperature.
Install Temp Mod Elast (EF0/EF0m)
Defines EF0, the modulus of elasticity of the flange at ambient temperature.
Hydrotest Allow Stress (fFtest/fFtestm)
Defines fFtest, the allowable stress of the flange at hydrostatic test temperature.
Hydrotest Temp Mod Elast (EF1/EF1m)
Defines EF1, the modulus of elasticity of the flange at hydrostatic test temperature.
Operating Allow Stress (fF/fFm)
Defines fF, the allowable stress of the flange at operating temperature.
Operating Temp Mod Elast (EF/EFm)
Defines EF, the modulus of elasticity of the flange at operating temperature.
Thermal Exp Coef (ALPHAF/ALPHAFm)
Defines F, The thermal expansion coefficient of the flange.

Hydro Test Temp (TF1/TF1m)

Defines TF1, the hydrostatic test temperature of the flange.
Design Temp (TF2/TF2m)
Defines TF2, the design temperature of the flange.
Flange Shell Properties

Material
Defines the shell material. Click to open the Materials dialog box. Select a material from the
list.
Shell Type
Defines the shape of the connected shell. Select Conical and Cylindrical or Spherical.
Shell-Side Hydrotest Allow Stress (fS1/fS1m)
Defines fS1, the allowable stress of the shell at hydrostatic test temperature.
Shell Thk (eS/eSm)

Defines eS, the thickness of the connected shell.

Shell-Side Install Allow Stress (fS/fSm)
Defines fS, the allowable stress of the shell at ambient temperature.

Shell Diameter (dS/dSm)

Defines dS, the average diameter of the connected shell.

Shell-Side Operating Allow Stress (fS2/fS2m)
Defines fS2, the allowable stress of the shell at operating temperature.
Bolt - Input Tab

Specifies properties that apply to bolts for the flange pair.
Topics
Properties (Bolt) ............................................................................. 957
Temperature Dependent Values (Bolt) .......................................... 961
Properties (Bolt)

(page 940).
Material
Defines the bolt material. Click to open the Materials dialog box. Select a material from
the list.

Effective Bolt Diameter (dBe)

Defines dBe, the effective bolt diameter. This is generally the nominal diameter minus
threads.
Nominal Bolt Diameter (dB0)

Defines dB0, the nominal diameter of the bolts.
field.

No. of Joint Remakes (RNR)

Defines RNR, the number of times the flange assembly is remade during the life of the
flanges.
Number of Bolts (RnB)
Defines RnB, the number of bolts in the flange assembly.
field.
Waisted Bolt Diameter (dBs)

Defines dBs, the shank diameter of the bolt after plastic deformation.

Between Nuts Length (lB)

Defines lB, the length of the bolt between nuts, or between the bolt head and the nut.
Bolting-Up Method (Epsilon 1-)
Defines 1-, the scatter value of the initial bolt load below the target value. Scatter is due to
the inherent inaccuracies of bolt tightening.
Bolting-Up Method (Epsilon 1+)
Defines 1+, the scatter value of the initial bolt load above the target value. Scatter is due to
the inherent inaccuracies of bolt tightening.

Reduced Diameter Length (ls)

Defines ls, the length of the bolt where the diameter has been reduced after plastic
deformation.
Friction Coefficient (MU)
Defines ,the friction coefficient between the bolt and the flange.
Temperature Dependent Values (Bolt)

Hydro Test Temp (TB1)
Defines TB1, the hydrostatic test temperature of the bolts.
Design Temp (TB2)
Defines TB2, the design temperature of the bolts.
Install Temp Allow Stress (fB20)
Defines fB20, the allowable stress of a bolt at ambient temperature.
Install Temp Mod Elast (EB0)
Defines EB0, the modulus of elasticity of a bolt at ambient temperature.
Hydrotest Temp Allow Stress (fBTest)
Defines fBtest, the allowable stress of a bolt at hydrostatic test temperature.
Hydrotest Temp Mod Elast (EB1)
Defines EFB1, the modulus of elasticity of a bolt at hydrostatic test temperature.
Operating Temp Allow Stress (fB)
Defines fB, the allowable stress of a bolt at operating temperature.

Operating Temp Mod Elast (EB)

Defines EB, the modulus of elasticity of a bolt at operating temperature.
Gasket - Input Tab

Specifies properties that apply to the gasket for the flange pair.
Topics
Properties (Gasket)........................................................................ 962
Temperature Dependent Values (Gasket) .................................... 966
Properties (Gasket)

(page 940).
Real Curved Surfaces Diameter (dG0)
Adapted from Figure 3, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their joints - Design rules for
gasketed circular flange connections - Part 1: Calculation method
Defines dG0, the effective gasket diameter.

Gasket ID (dG1)
Defines dG1, the inside diameter of the theoretical contact area of the gasket with the
flanges.
field.
Gasket OD (dG2)
Defines dG2, the outside diameter of the theoretical contact area of the gasket with the
flanges.
field.
Material Type
Defines the gasket material category. Select Metallic or Non-Metallic.

Table Index
Defines the EN-1591 gasket properties table. The software uses the selected table only for
the Annex G method.
Gasket Type and Material
Defines the type of gasket and the material used.
Axial Thk
Defines eG, the thickness of the gasket.

Compression Factor (Rm)
Defines Rm, the amount of gasket compression. The software uses this property only for the
Annex G method.
Cross Sect Curve Radius (r2)
Defines r2, the radius of curvature at the gasket cross-section.

Form Type
Defines the construction and shape of the gasket. Select Flat Gasket, Metal Gasket, Ring
Joint Metal Gasket, or Metal Gasket W Curved Surfaces.
Sealing Face Inclin Angle
Defines G, the angle of inclination of the sealing face, in radians or degrees.
Numerical Constant for Gasket Type (c1)
Defines c1, the numerical constant for a gasket type, such as 1/20 for a fiber-based sheet
gasket.
Octagonal Metal Gasket Width (bGiInput)
Defines bGi, the interim radial gasket width. This option is only available when you set Form
Type to Ring Joint Metal Gasket.

Temperature Dependent Values (Gasket)

Hydro Test Temp (TG1)
Defines TG1, the hydrostatic test temperature of the gasket.
Design Temp (TG2)
Defines TG2, the design temperature of the gasket.
Install Compress Mod Elast (E0)
Defines E0, the compressive modulus of elasticity of the gasket at installation temperature.
Install Mod Elast Rate of Chg (K10)
Defines K10, the rate of change of the modulus of elasticity of the gasket with compressive
stress after assembly at installation temperature. The software uses this property only for
the Annex G method.
Install Temp Creep Factor (gC)
Define gC, the gasket creep factor at installation temperature. The software uses this
property instead of Install Creep Factor (Pqr) only for the Annex G method.
Hydrotest Compress Mod Elast (E01)
Defines E01, the compressive modulus of elasticity of the gasket at hydrostatic test
temperature.
Hydrotest Mod Elast Rate of Chg (K11)
stress after assembly at hydrostatic test temperature. The software uses this property only
for the Annex G method.
Hydrotest Temp Creep Factor (gC1)
Define gC1, the gasket creep factor at hydrostatic test temperature. The software uses this
property instead of Hydrotest Creep Factor (Pqr1) only for the Annex G method.
Operating Compress Mod Elast (E02)
Defines E02, the compressive modulus of elasticity of the gasket at operating temperature.
Operating Mod Elast Rate of Chg (K12)
stress after assembly at operating temperature. The software uses this property only for the
Annex G method.
Operating Temp Creep Factor (gC2)
Define gC2, the gasket creep factor at operating temperature. The software uses this
property instead of Operating Creep Factor (Pqr2) only for the Annex G method.
Install Creep Factor (Pqr)
Define Pqr, the gasket creep factor at installation temperature, which is the ratio of the
residual and the original gasket surface pressure at installation temperature.
Hydrotest Creep Factor (Pqr1)
Define Pqr1, the gasket creep factor at hydrostatic test temperature, which is the ratio of the
residual and the original gasket surface pressure at hydrostatic test temperature.

Operating Creep Factor (Pqr2)

Define Pqr2, the gasket creep factor at installation temperature, which is the ratio of the
residual and the original gasket surface pressure at operating temperature.
Install Min Comp Stress (Q0_min)
Defines Qmin, the minimum required compressive stress in the gasket at installation
temperature.
Hydrotest Min Comp Stress (Q0_min1)
Defines Qmin1, the minimum required compressive stress in the gasket at hydrostatic test
temperature.
Operating Min Comp Stress (Q0_min2)
Defines Qmin2, the minimum required compressive stress in the gasket at operating
temperature.
Install Min Comp Stress (Qmax)
Defines, Qmax, the maximum allowable compressive stress in gasket at installation
temperature.
Hydrotest Min Comp Stress (Qmax1)
Defines, Qmax1, the maximum allowable compressive stress in gasket at hydrostatic test
temperature.
Operating Min Comp Stress (Qmax2)
Defines, Qmax2, the maximum allowable compressive stress in gasket at operating
temperature.
Loads - Input Tab

Hydrotest Axial Force (FA1)
Defines FA1, the additional external axial force applied to the flange assembly at hydrostatic
test temperature.
Hydrotest Bending Moment (MA1)
Defines MA1, the additional external bending moment at hydrostatic test temperature.
Hydrotest Fluid Pressure (P1)
Defines P1, the fluid pressure at hydrostatic test temperature.
Install Axial Force (FA0)
Defines FA0, the additional external axial force applied to the flange assembly at installation
temperature.
Install Bending Moment (MA)
Defines MA, the additional external bending moment at installation temperature.
Install Fluid Pressure (P)
Defines P, the fluid pressure at installation temperature.

Operating Axial Force (FA2)

Defines FA2, the additional external axial force applied to the flange assembly at operating
temperature.
Operating Bending Moment (MA2)
Defines MA2, the additional external bending moment at operating temperature.
Operating Fluid Pressure (P2)
Defines P2, the fluid pressure at operating temperature.
Output Tab
Displays input and output reports for the components and loads selected in the Component
pane.
When a load fails a check, the report row displays in red with an asterisk at the end of
the row.
First Page, Previous Page, Current Page, Next Page, Last Page
Controls navigation through the pages of the report.
Print
Displays the Print dialog box, where you can select a printer and printer options.
Print Layout
Reformats the report to display as it would print as a .pdf. Click to toggle this option on and
off.
Page Setup
Displays the Page Setup dialog box, where you can set paper size, orientation, and margin
size.
Export
Creates a file of the report in your selected format. Select Excel, PDF, or Word.
When you export a report, software automatically saves a text file with the same
name in the same location as your report. This text file includes a listing of all input, error
messages, and output results.
Zoom
Controls the size of the report display. Select Page Width, Whole Page, or a percentage.
Find Text in Report
Searches for every occurrence of a word or phrase. Use the Find and Next options to locate
the word or phrase, and then move to the next instance in the report.

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Equipment and Component Analysis

EN-1591 Flanges Toolbar (page 938)

Component Types (left pane)

CAESAR II User's Guide 937

Tabbed View (top right pane)

Event Log (bottom right pane)

EN-1591 Flanges Toolbar

CAESAR II User's Guide 938

Refresh Linked Cases

 In the Component pane, you can also right-click > Analyze.

CAESAR II User's Guide 939

Flange Dimension Lookup Dialog Box

Large Diameter Flanges

Flange Pair - Input Tab

CAESAR II User's Guide 940

Properties (Flange Pair)

Flange Dimension Lookup

Adapted from Figure 8, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines the inner diameter of the flange face.

CAESAR II User's Guide 941

Adapted from Figure 8, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines the outer diameter of the flange face.

Adapted from Figure 8, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines d3, the diameter of the bolt circle.

CAESAR II User's Guide 942

Pierced Bolt Hole Diameter (d5)

Adapted from Figure 8, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines d5, the diameter of the bolt holes in the flange.

Temperature Dependent Values (Flange Pair)

CAESAR II User's Guide 943

Flange - Input Tab

Flange Dimension Lookup

Adapted from Figure 8, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

CAESAR II User's Guide 944

Adapted from Figure 8, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines d4, the outer diameter of the flange.

CAESAR II User's Guide 945

Lap Joint Contact ID (d7min/d7minm)

Adapted from Figure 1, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Adapted from Figure 9, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines d9, the diameter of a central hole in a blank flange.

CAESAR II User's Guide 946

Blank Flange Center Plate Wall Thk

Adapted from Figure 9, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Adapted from Figure 9, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines eF, the effective axial thickness of the flange.

CAESAR II User's Guide 947

Radial Pres Load Thk (eP/ePm)

CAESAR II User's Guide 948

Stub Collar OD (d8/d8m)

Adapted from Figure 10, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines d8, the outside diameter of a stub or collar of a loose flange.

Loose Flange Ring Properties

Adapted from Figure 10, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines d6, the inside diameter of the loose flange.

CAESAR II User's Guide 949

Equiv Axial Loose Flange Thk

Adapted from Figure 10, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their

Defines eL, the effective axial thickness of the loose flange.

Hub Properties (Flange)

CAESAR II User's Guide 950

Hub Large End Thk (e2/e2m)

Adapted from Figure 4, EN 1591-1:2001+A1, Flanges and their